Ventilator flow monitoring and control system, method and apparatus based on barometric pressure control

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of breathing machine, disclose a kind of based on pneumatic control's breathing machine airflow monitoring and control system, method and device, comprising: inspiration air pressure control module, in inspiration stage, according to the pressure on the expiration gas path monitored in real time, control the airflow regulation gas path connected with the expiration gas path end, to make the inspiration airflow provided for patient satisfy preset pressure;Exhalation air pressure control module, in expiration stage, according to the expiration pressure monitored in real time, control the airflow regulation gas path connected with the expiration gas path end, to realize the set positive end-expiratory pressure.Exhaust air pressure control module can control the pressure on the expiration gas path, to prevent inspiration airflow from expiration gas path in inspiration stage Large amount of discharge, reduce oxygen consumption while, make the inspiration airflow provided for patient satisfy preset pressure, guarantee the stability of pressure, realize constant airway pressure;In expiration stage, the expiration pressure monitoring and control of expiration gas path, realize positive end-expiratory pressure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of breathing machine, more particularly, the present application relates to a breathing machine air flow monitoring and control system, method and device based on air pressure control. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing breathing machine is generally a positive pressure ventilation breathing machine. In the inspiratory phase of the positive pressure, the inspiratory air flow is limited in pressure, that is, the air flow of the preset pressure flows into the patient, and the air flow exceeding the preset pressure is discharged to prevent the air flow of the normal ventilation pressure from being discharged from the expiratory channel, so as to ensure the constant airway pressure. In the expiratory phase, the expiratory air flow of the patient is smoothly discharged, and the positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) can be generated. This function enables the doctor to set according to the condition of the patient, so as to avoid the collapse of the alveoli of some patients during the expiration, or the closure of the airway of some patients during the expiration, or the working of the respiratory organs of the patient in the state of poor compliance, and the like.

[0003] To realize the function of the inspiratory phase and the expiratory phase relative to the air pressure control, the existing technology usually adopts an expiratory control mode to realize. The common expiratory control modes mainly include:

[0004] A passive pneumatic expiratory control mode utilizes the change of the positive pressure in the inspiratory phase and the expiratory phase during ventilation, and through the design of a structure valve film, the inspiratory locking and the expiratory opening functions are completed. The disadvantage is that although the structure is simple and the cost is low, the function is single, and at present, the passive pneumatic expiratory control mode is mainly used in artificial ventilation devices and relatively simple ventilators, and cannot meet the ventilation setting and monitoring requirements of more breaths;

[0005] There are two common controllable pneumatic expiratory control modes. One usually utilizes the oxygen source matched with the breathing machine as the control power, controls the oxygen flow rate, and takes the pressure in front of the overflow port of a specially designed overflow port to control the expiratory valve. The disadvantage is that the controllable pneumatic expiratory control mode through the control of the oxygen has a comprehensive function, but the structure components are more, and the function is limited by the oxygen source. The oxygen consumption is increased. In a specific scene, medical oxygen is scarce. The disadvantage is particularly prominent when the breathing machine is used in a scene without central oxygen supply.

[0006] The other way is to introduce the main ventilation turbine pressure into the expiratory valve in the turbine breathing machine through the gas path design to achieve the control of the pressure. The disadvantage is that the controllable pneumatic expiratory control mode through the utilization of the main ventilation turbine can be used without oxygen source, and the structure is simple. However, since the main ventilation turbine cannot control the air flow and the pressure at the same time, it is difficult to solve the problem of following the active inspiratory demand of the patient while controlling the pressure of the ventilation, that is, to realize the characteristic of ensuring the constant airway pressure.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a ventilator gas flow monitoring and control system, method and device based on air pressure control to at least partially solve the problems in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0008] A series of simplified concepts are introduced in the summary section, which will be further described in detail in the specific embodiment section. The summary section of the present application does not mean to attempt to limit the key features and essential technical features of the claimed technical solutions, nor to determine the protection scope of the claimed technical solutions.

[0009] To at least partially solve the above problems, the present application provides a ventilator gas flow monitoring and control system based on air pressure control, comprising:

[0010] The inspiratory air pressure control module is configured to, during the inspiratory phase, control the gas flow adjustment air path connected to the end of the expiratory air path based on the real-time monitored pressure on the expiratory air path, so that the inspiratory gas flow provided for the patient meets the preset pressure.

[0011] The expiratory air pressure control module is configured to, during the expiratory phase, control the gas flow adjustment air path connected to the end of the expiratory air path based on the real-time monitored expiratory pressure, so as to achieve the set positive end-expiratory pressure.

[0012] Preferably, the gas flow adjustment air path comprises:

[0013] The gas flow generator is connected to the outside atmosphere at one end and to the end of the expiratory air path at the other end.

[0014] The throttle valve is connected to the end of the expiratory air path at one end and to the outside atmosphere at the other end.

[0015] Preferably, the inspiratory air pressure control module comprises:

[0016] The inspiratory monitoring unit is configured to, during the inspiratory phase, monitor the pressure on the expiratory air path in real time.

[0017] The inspiratory control unit is configured to, during the inspiratory phase, adjust the first set working state of the gas flow generator and the throttle valve based on the pressure on the expiratory air path, so that the pressure on the expiratory air path is maintained at the set pressure.

[0018] The set pressure is used to balance the pressure on the expiratory air path and the preset pressure provided for the patient.

[0019] Preferably, the first set working state of the gas flow generator and the throttle valve is: during the last inspiratory phase, the gas flow provided by the gas flow generator to the gas flow adjustment air path cooperates with the opening degree of the throttle valve to maintain the working state of the pressure on the expiratory air path at the set pressure.

[0020] Preferably, the expiratory gas pressure control module comprises:

[0021] an expiratory monitoring unit for monitoring the pressure on the expiratory gas path in real time during the expiratory phase;

[0022] an expiratory control unit for adjusting the second set working state of the flow generator and the throttle valve according to the pressure on the expiratory gas path at the end of the expiratory phase, so as to achieve the set positive end-expiratory pressure.

[0023] Preferably, the second set working state of the flow generator and the throttle valve is the working state in which the flow provided by the flow generator to the flow adjustment gas path cooperates with the opening degree of the throttle valve to achieve the set positive end-expiratory pressure at the end of the previous expiratory phase.

[0024] A ventilator flow monitoring and control method based on gas pressure control, comprising:

[0025] in the inspiratory phase, controlling the flow adjustment gas path connected to the end of the expiratory gas path according to the real-time monitored pressure on the expiratory gas path, so as to make the inspiratory flow provided for the patient meet the preset pressure;

[0026] in the expiratory phase, controlling the flow adjustment gas path connected to the end of the expiratory gas path according to the real-time monitored pressure on the expiratory gas path, so as to achieve the set positive end-expiratory pressure.

[0027] Preferably, the control in the inspiratory phase comprises:

[0028] monitoring the pressure on the expiratory gas path in real time;

[0029] adjusting the first set working state of the flow generator and the throttle valve on the flow adjustment gas path according to the pressure on the expiratory gas path, so as to maintain the pressure on the expiratory gas path at the set pressure;

[0030] wherein the set pressure is used to balance the pressure on the expiratory gas path and the preset pressure provided for the patient.

[0031] Preferably, the control in the expiratory phase comprises:

[0032] monitoring the pressure on the expiratory gas path in real time;

[0033] adjusting the second set working state of the flow generator and the throttle valve according to the pressure on the expiratory gas path, so as to achieve the set positive end-expiratory pressure.

[0034] A ventilator flow monitoring and control device based on gas pressure control, comprising:

[0035] an inspiratory gas path and an expiratory gas path connected to the ventilation gas path, and a flow adjustment gas path connected to the end of the expiratory gas path;

[0036] The air flow adjusting air path comprises an air flow generator and a throttle valve, and the end of the exhalation air path selectively communicates with the air outlet side of the inhalation control part and one end of the throttle valve; one end of the air flow generator selectively communicates with the air inlet side of the inhalation control part and the external atmosphere, and the other end of the air flow generator selectively communicates with the air outlet side of the inhalation control part and one end of the throttle valve, and the other end of the throttle valve communicates with the external atmosphere.

[0037] The inhalation control part is arranged on the inhalation air path.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present application at least has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The air flow monitoring and control system, method and device based on air pressure control of the breathing machine can control the pressure on the exhalation air path through the air flow adjusting air path, so as to prevent the inhalation air flow from being discharged in large quantities from the exhalation air path in the inhalation stage, reduce the oxygen consumption, and make the inhalation air flow provided for the patient meet the preset pressure, so as to ensure the stability of the ventilation pressure and realize the constant airway pressure; and in the exhalation stage, the end of the exhalation positive pressure can be realized through the exhalation pressure monitoring and control of the exhalation air path.

[0040] The air flow monitoring and control system, method and device based on air pressure control of the breathing machine, other advantages, objects and features of the present application will be embodied in part through the following description, and will be understood by those skilled in the art through research and practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0041] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, and are used to explain the present application together with embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation of the present application. In the drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 The block diagram of the air flow monitoring and control system based on air pressure control of the breathing machine is shown;

[0043] Figure 2 The block diagram of the inhalation air pressure control module in the air flow monitoring and control system based on air pressure control of the breathing machine is shown;

[0044] Figure 3 The block diagram of the exhalation air pressure control module in the air flow monitoring and control system based on air pressure control of the breathing machine is shown;

[0045] Figure 4 The block diagram of the inhalation control unit in the air flow monitoring and control system based on air pressure control of the breathing machine is shown;

[0046] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the airway structure during the inspiratory phase in the air pressure-controlled ventilator airflow monitoring and control device of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the airway structure during the exhalation phase in the air pressure-controlled ventilator airflow monitoring and control device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0049] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0050] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides a ventilator airflow monitoring and control system based on air pressure control, including: an inspiratory air pressure control module, used to control the airflow regulating airway 2 connected to the end of the expiratory airway 1 according to the real-time monitored pressure on the expiratory airway 1 during the inspiratory phase, so as to ensure that the inspiratory airflow provided to the patient meets the preset pressure.

[0051] The expiratory pressure control module is used to control the airflow regulation path 2 connected to the end of the expiratory path 1 during the expiratory phase based on the real-time monitored expiratory pressure, so as to achieve the set positive end-expiratory pressure.

[0052] The inspiratory airway 5 and the expiratory airway 1 are connected to the inspiratory port and expiratory port of the ventilation airway 4, respectively. The ventilation port of the ventilation airway 4 is used to ventilate the patient. The airflow regulating airway 2 is located at the end of the expiratory airway 1.

[0053] During inhalation, the inspiratory airway 5 provides inspiratory airflow to the patient. The airflow enters through the inspiratory port of the ventilation airway 4 and exits through the port to provide airflow to the patient. The pressure of the inspiratory airflow provided to the patient is the airflow pressure near the port on the ventilation airway 4. Furthermore, during inhalation, in order to prevent excessive airflow from being expelled from the expiratory airway 1, the pressure on the expiratory airway 1 is monitored, and the airflow regulation airway 2 provides airflow to the expiratory airway 1. This ensures that the pressure on the expiratory airway 1 can maintain the airflow provided to the patient by the inspiratory airway 4 at a constant pressure, i.e., the preset pressure. If the preset pressure is exceeded, the airflow can be expelled from the expiratory airway 1 to prevent overpressure ventilation.

[0054] When exhaling, the air flow of the patient is discharged from the exhale port of the ventilation air path 4, enters the exhale air path 1, and is discharged from the air flow regulating air path 2. At the end of the exhalation, in order to realize the positive end expiratory pressure, the air flow regulating air path 2 is used to provide low pressure air flow, so that a certain pressure is maintained on the exhale air path 1. By monitoring the pressure on the exhale air path 1, the air flow provided by the air flow regulating air path 2 for the exhale air path 1 can be controlled, and the positive end expiratory pressure is realized.

[0055] Through the above design, the pressure on the exhale air path 1 can be controlled by the air flow regulating air path 2, so as to prevent the inhale air flow from being discharged in large quantities from the exhale air path 1 at the inhale stage, reduce the oxygen consumption, and make the inhale air flow provided for the patient meet the preset pressure, ensure the stability of the ventilation pressure, and realize the constant airway pressure. At the exhale stage, the positive end expiratory pressure can be realized by monitoring and controlling the exhale pressure of the exhale air path 1.

[0056] As shown in FIG. 1, Figure 5 in one embodiment, the air flow regulating air path 2 comprises:

[0057] an air flow generator 21, one end of which is in communication with the external atmosphere, and the other end of which is in communication with the end of the exhale air path 1;

[0058] a first throttle valve 22, one end of which is in communication with the end of the exhale air path 1, and the other end of which is in communication with the external atmosphere.

[0059] The air flow generator 21 is one of a turbine, a fan, a peristaltic pump, a reciprocating cylinder pump, or a gear pump, and can generate air flow. The adjustment of the air flow generator 21 is performed by adjusting the rotating speed and power, etc., so as to adjust the air flow. The first throttle valve 22 can adjust the opening degree, so as to adjust the air flow of the air flow regulating air path 2.

[0060] As shown in FIG. 1, Figure 2 in one embodiment, the inhale air pressure control module comprises:

[0061] an inhale monitoring unit, configured to monitor the pressure on the exhale air path 1 in real time at the inhale stage;

[0062] an inhale control unit, configured to adjust the first set working state of the air flow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 according to the pressure on the exhale air path 1 at the inhale stage, so as to maintain the pressure on the exhale air path 1 at the set pressure;

[0063] The set pressure is used to balance the pressure on the exhale air path 1 and the preset pressure provided for the patient.

[0064] Further, the first set working state of the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 is that in the last inhalation stage, the airflow provided by the airflow generator 21 to the airflow adjusting air path 2 matches the opening degree of the first throttle valve 22, so that the pressure on the exhalation air path 1 is maintained at the set pressure.

[0065] In the inhalation stage, the inhalation control unit also needs to control the inhalation air path 5, and the airflow provided by the inhalation air path 5 makes the pressure of the ventilation air path 4 close to the patient be the preset pressure.

[0066] The set pressure is set according to the preset pressure. At the beginning of the inhalation stage, the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 work in the first set working state, that is, the airflow generator 21 works at the first set speed or the first set power, and the first throttle valve 22 works at the first set opening degree. If the real-time pressure on the exhalation air path 1 is lower or higher than the set pressure in the inhalation stage, the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 are adjusted according to the difference between the real-time pressure and the set pressure, and the working state of the adjusted airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 is taken as the first set working state of the next inhalation stage.

[0067] Specifically:

[0068] In the first case, when the pressure on the exhalation air path 1 meets the set pressure and the pressure provided for the patient meets the preset pressure, the pressure on the ventilation air path 4 balances with the pressure on the exhalation air path 1, so as to ensure that the airflow on the ventilation air path 4 will not be discharged from the exhalation air path 1, and a constant airway pressure can be provided for the patient.

[0069] In the second case, when the pressure on the exhalation air path 1 meets the set pressure, if the pressure provided for the patient exceeds the preset pressure at a certain time, part of the airflow will be discharged from the exhalation air path 1, so that the pressure on the exhalation air path 1 will be higher than the set pressure. The inhalation air path 5 needs to be adjusted, and the first set working state of the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 does not need to be adjusted.

[0070] In the third case, when the pressure on the exhalation air path 1 is lower than the set pressure and the pressure provided for the patient meets the preset pressure, it indicates that the pressure of the airflow provided by the airflow generator 21 for the exhalation air path 1 is smaller, and part of the airflow on the ventilation air path 4 is discharged from the exhalation air path 1, so that the oxygen consumption will increase. The airflow of the inhalation air path 5 needs to be adjusted, and the first set working state of the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 also needs to be adjusted, so as to reduce the pressure of the inhalation air path 5 and increase the pressure of the exhalation air path 1 at the same time, while keeping the pressure of the ventilation air path 4 meet the preset pressure.

[0071] In the fourth case, when the pressure on the expiratory airway 1 is higher than the set pressure, and the pressure provided to the patient meets the preset pressure, it is necessary to adjust the first set working state of the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 so that the pressure on the expiratory airway 1 meets the set pressure.

[0072] Regarding the third scenario, such as Figure 4 As shown, the inhalation control unit further includes:

[0073] The pressure judgment subunit, when the real-time pressure of the inspiratory airflow provided to the patient meets the preset pressure, acquires the pressure difference between the real-time pressure of the inspiratory airflow provided to the patient and the real-time pressure on the expiratory airway 1, and judges the pressure difference according to the preset pressure difference threshold.

[0074] If the pressure difference is greater than zero and less than the preset pressure difference threshold, no adjustment is needed, and the first set working state of the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 is maintained.

[0075] If the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the preset pressure difference threshold, adjustment is required. The first set working state of the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 is adjusted, and the airflow of the inhalation airway 5 is adjusted at the same time. That is, the pressure of the inhalation airway 5 is reduced and the pressure of the exhalation airway 1 is increased at the same time. While making adjustments, the pressure of the ventilation airway 4 is kept at the preset pressure.

[0076] The adjustment subunit adjusts the first set working state of the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22, and at the same time adjusts the pressure of the inspiratory airway 5. During the adjustment process, the real-time pressure of the inspiratory airflow provided to the patient meets the preset pressure.

[0077] For example, while reducing the pressure on the inspiratory airway 5, such as by adjusting the flow rate of each gas on the inspiratory airway 5 using a proportional valve or adjusting the inspiratory control unit 53, the pressure on the expiratory airway 1 is increased to the set pressure.

[0078] The rate at which the pressure decreases in the inspiratory airway 5 corresponds to the rate at which the pressure increases in the expiratory airway 1. During the adjustment process, the real-time pressure of the inspiratory airflow provided to the patient is kept at the preset pressure.

[0079] By controlling the inspiratory phase as described above, oxygen consumption can be minimized, and the pressure of the airflow supplied to the patient can be maintained at the preset pressure throughout the adjustment process, ensuring the stability and safety of the gas supply to the patient.

[0080] like Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment, the expiratory pressure control module includes:

[0081] The exhalation monitoring unit is used to monitor the pressure on the expiratory airway 1 in real time during the exhalation phase;

[0082] An expiration control unit is configured to adjust the second set working state of the flow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 according to the pressure in the expiration gas path 1 at the end of expiration, so as to achieve the set positive end-expiratory pressure.

[0083] Further, the second set working state of the flow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 is the working state at the end of the previous expiration phase, in which the flow generator 21 provides the flow in the flow regulation gas path 2 in cooperation with the opening degree of the first throttle valve 22, so as to achieve the set positive end-expiratory pressure.

[0084] During the expiration phase, the gas exhaled by the patient is discharged from the first throttle valve 22 through the expiration gas path 1; during the expiration phase, the pressure in the expiration gas path 1 gradually decreases, and in order to ensure the positive end-expiratory pressure, the flow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 are in the second set working state at the end of expiration, i.e., the flow generator 21 works at the second set rotating speed or the second set power, and the first throttle valve 22 works at the second set opening degree, so as to achieve the positive end-expiratory pressure of the expiration gas path 1, and the pressure in the expiration gas path 1 is monitored at the same time; if the pressure in the expiration gas path 1 does not meet the positive end-expiratory pressure, the second set working state of the flow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 needs to be adjusted, for example, the second set rotating speed or the second set power of the flow generator 21 is adjusted, or the second set opening degree of the first throttle valve 22 is adjusted.

[0085] The application further provides a breathing machine flow monitoring and control method based on gas pressure control, comprising:

[0086] During the inspiration phase, the flow regulation gas path 2 connected to the end of the expiration gas path 1 is controlled according to the real-time monitored pressure in the expiration gas path 1, so as to make the inspiration flow provided for the patient meet the preset pressure.

[0087] During the expiration phase, the flow regulation gas path 2 connected to the end of the expiration gas path 1 is controlled according to the real-time monitored expiration pressure, so as to achieve the set positive end-expiratory pressure.

[0088] The inspiration gas path 5 and the expiration gas path 1 are connected to the inspiration port and the expiration port of the ventilation gas path 4 respectively, the ventilation port of the ventilation gas path 4 is used for ventilating the patient, and the flow regulation gas path 2 is arranged at the end of the expiration gas path 1.

[0089] In the inhalation stage, the inhalation gas path 5 provides the inhalation gas flow for the patient, the gas flow enters the inhalation port of the ventilation gas path 4 and is discharged from the ventilation port to provide the patient, and the pressure of the inhalation gas flow provided for the patient is the gas flow pressure near the ventilation port of the ventilation gas path 4; and in the inhalation stage, in order to prevent the gas flow from being discharged in large quantities from the exhalation gas path 1, the gas flow is provided for the exhalation gas path 1 by monitoring the pressure of the exhalation gas path 1 and using the gas flow adjusting path 2, so that the pressure of the exhalation gas path 1 can maintain the gas flow provided by the inhalation gas path 4 at a constant pressure, i.e. a preset pressure, and when the preset pressure is exceeded, the gas flow can be discharged from the exhalation gas path 1 to prevent overpressure ventilation.

[0090] In the exhalation stage, the gas flow exhaled by the patient is discharged from the exhalation port of the ventilation gas path 4, enters the exhalation gas path 1, and is discharged from the gas flow adjusting path 2. In the end of the exhalation stage, in order to achieve positive end-expiratory pressure, low-pressure gas flow is provided by the gas flow adjusting path 2 to maintain a certain pressure on the exhalation gas path 1. By monitoring the pressure of the exhalation gas path 1, the gas flow provided by the gas flow adjusting path 2 for the exhalation gas path 1 can be controlled to achieve positive end-expiratory pressure.

[0091] By the above method, the pressure of the exhalation gas path 1 can be controlled by the gas flow adjusting path 2 to prevent the inhalation gas flow from being discharged in large quantities from the exhalation gas path 1 in the inhalation stage, reduce the oxygen consumption, and make the inhalation gas flow provided for the patient meet the preset pressure to ensure the stability of the ventilation pressure. In the exhalation stage, the exhalation pressure of the exhalation gas path 1 is monitored and controlled to achieve positive end-expiratory pressure.

[0092] In one embodiment, the control in the inhalation stage includes:

[0093] The pressure on the exhalation gas path 1 is monitored in real time;

[0094] According to the pressure on the exhalation gas path 1, the first set working state of the gas flow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 on the gas flow adjusting path 2 is adjusted to maintain the pressure on the exhalation gas path 1 at a set pressure;

[0095] Wherein, the gas flow generator 21 is one of a turbine, a fan, a peristaltic pump, a reciprocating cylinder pump or a gear pump, which can generate gas flow, and the adjustment of the gas flow generator 21 is achieved by adjusting the speed and power, etc. to adjust the gas flow; the first throttle valve 22 can adjust the opening to adjust the gas flow discharged from the gas flow adjusting path 2;

[0096] Wherein, the set pressure is used to balance the pressure on the exhalation gas path 1 and the preset pressure provided for the patient.

[0097] Further, the first set working state of the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 is that in the last inhalation stage, the airflow provided by the airflow generator 21 to the airflow adjusting air path 2 matches the opening degree of the first throttle valve 22, so that the pressure on the exhalation air path 1 is maintained at the set pressure.

[0098] In the inhalation stage, the inhalation control unit also needs to control the inhalation air path 5, and the airflow provided by the inhalation air path 5 makes the pressure of the ventilation air path 4 close to the patient be the preset pressure;

[0099] The set pressure is set according to the preset pressure. At the beginning of the inhalation stage, the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 work in the first set working state, that is, the airflow generator 21 works at the first set speed or the first set power, and the first throttle valve 22 works at the first set opening degree. If the real-time pressure on the exhalation air path 1 is lower or higher than the set pressure in the inhalation stage, the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 are adjusted according to the difference between the real-time pressure and the set pressure, and the working state of the adjusted airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 is taken as the first set working state of the next inhalation stage;

[0100] Specifically:

[0101] The first case is that when the pressure on the exhalation air path 1 meets the set pressure and the pressure provided for the patient meets the preset pressure, the pressure on the ventilation air path 4 balances with the pressure on the exhalation air path 1, so as to ensure that the airflow on the ventilation air path 4 will not be discharged from the exhalation air path 1, and a constant airway pressure can be provided for the patient;

[0102] The second case is that when the pressure on the exhalation air path 1 meets the set pressure, if the pressure provided for the patient exceeds the preset pressure at a certain time, part of the airflow will be discharged from the exhalation air path 1, so that the pressure on the exhalation air path 1 will be higher than the set pressure. The inhalation air path 5 needs to be adjusted, and the first set working state of the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 does not need to be adjusted;

[0103] The third case is that when the pressure on the exhalation air path 1 is lower than the set pressure and the pressure provided for the patient meets the preset pressure, it indicates that the pressure of the airflow provided by the airflow generator 21 for the exhalation air path 1 is small, and part of the airflow on the ventilation air path 4 is discharged from the exhalation air path 1, so that the oxygen consumption will increase. The airflow of the inhalation air path 5 needs to be adjusted, and the first set working state of the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 also needs to be adjusted, so as to reduce the pressure of the inhalation air path 5 and increase the pressure of the exhalation air path 1 at the same time, while keeping the pressure of the ventilation air path 4 meet the preset pressure;

[0104] In the fourth case, when the pressure on the expiratory gas path 1 is higher than the set pressure and the pressure provided for the patient meets the preset pressure, the first set working state of the gas flow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 needs to be adjusted to make the pressure on the expiratory gas path 1 meet the set pressure.

[0105] For the third case, further, the first set working state of the gas flow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 is adjusted according to the pressure on the expiratory gas path 1, including:

[0106] When the real-time pressure of the inspiratory gas flow provided for the patient meets the preset pressure, the pressure difference between the real-time pressure of the inspiratory gas flow provided for the patient and the real-time pressure on the expiratory gas path 1 is obtained, and the pressure difference is judged according to the preset pressure difference threshold value;

[0107] If the pressure difference is greater than zero and less than the preset pressure difference threshold value, no adjustment is needed, and the first set working state of the gas flow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 is maintained;

[0108] If the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the preset pressure difference threshold value, adjustment is needed, and the first set working state of the gas flow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 is adjusted, and the gas flow of the inspiratory gas path 5 is adjusted, that is, the pressure of the inspiratory gas path 5 is reduced and the pressure of the expiratory gas path 1 is increased at the same time, and the pressure of the ventilation gas path 4 is maintained to meet the preset pressure during the adjustment;

[0109] The first set working state of the gas flow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 is adjusted, and the pressure of the inspiratory gas path 5 is adjusted, and the real-time pressure of the inspiratory gas flow provided for the patient is maintained to meet the preset pressure during the adjustment.

[0110] Through the above control of the inspiratory stage, the oxygen consumption can be minimized, and the pressure of the gas flow provided for the patient is maintained at the preset pressure during the adjustment, ensuring the stability and safety of the gas supply for the patient.

[0111] In one embodiment, the control of the expiratory stage includes:

[0112] The pressure on the expiratory gas path 1 is monitored in real time;

[0113] The second set working state of the gas flow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 is adjusted according to the pressure on the expiratory gas path 1 to achieve the set positive end-expiratory pressure.

[0114] Further, the second set working state of the gas flow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 is: the working state of the gas flow generator 21 providing the gas flow to the gas flow adjusting path 2 in cooperation with the opening degree of the first throttle valve 22 to achieve the set positive end-expiratory pressure in the last expiratory stage.

[0115] In the expiration phase, the gas exhaled by the patient is discharged from the first throttle valve 22 through the expiration gas path 1; in the expiration phase, the pressure on the expiration gas path 1 gradually decreases, in order to ensure the positive end-expiratory pressure, at the end-expiratory phase, the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 are in the second set working state, that is, the airflow generator 21 works at the second set rotating speed or the second set power, and the first throttle valve 22 works at the second set opening degree, so as to realize the positive end-expiratory pressure of the expiration gas path 1, and the air pressure on the expiration gas path 1 is monitored, if the air pressure on the expiration gas path 1 does not meet the positive end-expiratory pressure, the second set working state of the airflow generator 21 and the first throttle valve 22 needs to be adjusted, for example, the second set rotating speed or the second set power of the airflow generator 21 is adjusted, or the second set opening degree of the first throttle valve 22 is adjusted.

[0116] As shown in Figure 5 The application also provides a breathing machine airflow monitoring and control device based on air pressure control, comprising:

[0117] An inspiration gas path 5 and an expiration gas path 1 connected with the ventilation gas path 4 respectively, and an airflow adjusting gas path 2 connected with the end of the expiration gas path 1;

[0118] The airflow adjusting gas path 2 comprises an airflow generator 21 and a first throttle valve 22, the end of the expiration gas path 1 is selectively communicated with the air outlet side of the inspiration control part 53 and one end of the first throttle valve 22; one end of the airflow generator 21 is selectively communicated with the air inlet side of the inspiration control part 53 and the external atmosphere, and the other end of the airflow generator 21 is selectively communicated with the air outlet side of the inspiration control part 53 and one end of the first throttle valve 22, and the other end of the first throttle valve 22 is communicated with the external atmosphere;

[0119] The inspiration control part 53 is arranged on the inspiration gas path 5.

[0120] The inspiration port of the ventilation gas path 4 is connected with the inspiration gas path 5, the expiration port of the ventilation gas path 4 is connected with the expiration gas path, and the ventilation port of the ventilation gas path 4 is used for ventilating the patient; the ventilation gas path 4 has three connection ports, which are the inspiration port, the expiration port and the ventilation port; one of a mask, a tracheal cannula, a nasal oxygen tube, a breathing head cover or a breathing nasal cover is connected with the ventilation port; a proximal pressure sensor, a proximal flow sensor and an end-expiratory carbon dioxide detector are further arranged at the proximal patient of the gas path of the ventilation port;

[0121] As shown in Figure 5 The inspiration gas path 5 comprises, in sequence, a ventilation gas source 51, a ventilation control module 52, an inspiration control part 53, a safety valve 54, a ventilation monitoring sensor 55, a ventilation one-way valve 56 and a ventilation filter 57, and the ventilation filter 57 is connected with the inspiration port of the ventilation gas path 4; the safety valve 54 can form a passage in case of unexpected power failure, so that the patient's inspiration is not hindered;

[0122] The air intake control unit 53 is a turbine, the ventilation monitoring sensor 55 comprises one or more combinations of a flow sensor, a pressure sensor, and a gas concentration sensor, and the gas concentration sensor at least comprises an oxygen concentration sensor and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor.

[0123] As shown in Figure 5 Further, the air inlet of the airflow generator 21 is connected to the air intake side of the air intake control unit 53 and the external atmosphere 6 through the first selector switch 23, and the air outlet is connected to the air outlet side of the air intake control unit 53 and one end of the first throttle valve 22 through the second selector switch 24.

[0124] Further, the airflow generator 21 is one of a turbine, a fan, a peristaltic pump, a reciprocating cylinder pump, or a gear pump.

[0125] The first selector switch 23 and the second selector switch 24 are both large-flow two-position three-way valves, and through the first selector switch 23, one end of the airflow generator 21 can be connected to the external atmosphere 6 or the air intake side of the air intake control unit 53, and through the second selector switch 24, the other end of the airflow generator 21 can be connected to the air outlet side of the air intake control unit 53 or the first throttle valve 22.

[0126] As shown in Figure 5 Further, the exhalation gas path 1 comprises, in sequence, a first control valve 11, a second throttle valve 12, a first air pressure sensor 13, a safety control valve 14, and an exhalation valve 15; the exhalation valve 15 is connected to the exhalation port 41 of the ventilation gas path 4, and the first control valve 11 is connected to the air outlet side of the air intake control unit 53 and one end of the first throttle valve 22, respectively.

[0127] Among them, the first control valve 11 and the safety control valve 14 are both two-position three-way valves, one end of the safety control valve 14 is connected to the external atmosphere 6, and the exhalation valve 15 is a diaphragm valve.

[0128] The second throttle valve 12 is used to adjust the airflow of the exhalation gas path 1, the first air pressure sensor 13 is used to monitor the air pressure of the exhalation gas path 1, the safety control valve 14 can switch to communication with the external atmosphere 6 in case of accidental power failure, thereby ensuring that the patient can exhale, the exhalation valve 15 is connected to the exhalation port and is used to ensure that the patient can exhale; through the first control valve 11, the other end of the exhalation gas path 1 can be connected to the air outlet side of the air intake control unit 53, or the other end of the exhalation gas path 1 can be connected to the first throttle valve 22.

[0129] As shown in Figure 5 In the inhalation stage, one end of the exhalation gas path 1 is connected to the exhalation port of the ventilation gas path 4, the other end is connected to the first throttle valve 22, one end of the airflow generator 21 is connected to the external atmosphere 6, and the other end is connected to the first throttle valve 22, that is,Figure 5 As shown by the solid line part, the airway 5 provides the preset pressure air flow for the patient, the flow generator 21 provides the set pressure air flow for the airway 1, if the air flow pressure provided for the patient exceeds the preset pressure, the air flow will pass through the airway 1 and be discharged from the first throttle valve 22, so as to ensure that the air flow pressure provided for the patient is maintained at the preset pressure, improve the stability of the air supply for the patient, and reduce the oxygen consumption.

[0130] As shown in the figure, Figure 6 In the expiratory phase, one end of the airway 1 is in communication with the expiratory port of the ventilation airway 4, and the other end is in communication with the first throttle valve 22, one end of the flow generator 21 is in communication with the external atmosphere 6, and the other end is in communication with the first throttle valve 22, that is, Figure 6 As shown by the solid line part; in the expiratory phase, a low-pressure air flow is generated by the flow generator 21, a part of the air flow is discharged from the first throttle valve 22, and a part of the air flow is used to maintain the pressure of the airway 1 at a positive pressure, so as to realize the set positive pressure at the end of expiration, the pressure provided by the flow generator 21 for the airway 1 is controlled according to the air flow discharged from the first throttle valve 22 or the air flow generated by the flow generator 21, so as to realize the set positive pressure at the end of expiration.

[0131] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0132] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrated; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection or communication with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0133] While embodiments of the application have been disclosed in connection with the above specification, it will be evident to those skilled in the art that many modifications, substitutions, and alterations to the embodiments of the application can be made and that many specifically adapted embodiments of the application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure. Accordingly, the application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments described above but is to be accorded the full scope that resides in the art and scope of the appended claims along with the legal equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A barometric pressure control based ventilator flow monitoring and control system, comprising: The application relates to a ventilation device, which comprises: an inspiration air pressure control module, which is used for controlling a gas flow regulating air path (2) connected with the end of an expiration air path (1) according to the real-time monitored pressure on the expiration air path (1) in an inspiration stage, so that the inspiration gas flow provided for a patient meets a preset pressure; an expiration air pressure control module, which is used for controlling the gas flow regulating air path (2) connected with the end of the expiration air path (1) according to the real-time monitored expiration pressure in an expiration stage, so as to realize a set positive end-expiratory pressure; a ventilation air path (4) connected with the expiration air path (1) and an inspiration air path (5) respectively; wherein the gas flow regulating air path (2) comprises: a gas flow generator (21) with one end communicated with the outside atmosphere and the other end communicated with the end of the expiration air path (1); a first throttle valve (22) with one end communicated with the end of the expiration air path (1) and the other end communicated with the outside atmosphere; the inspiration air path (5) comprises ventilation air sources (51), a ventilation control module (52), an inspiration control part (53), a safety valve (54), a ventilation monitoring sensor (55), a ventilation one-way valve (56) and a ventilation filter (57) connected in sequence, and the ventilation filter (57) is connected with the inspiration air path (4); the expiration air path (1) comprises a first control valve (11), a second throttle valve (12), a first gas pressure sensor (13), a safety control valve (14) and an expiration valve (15) connected in sequence; the expiration valve (15) is connected with the expiration air path (4); and the first control valve (11) is connected with the gas outlet side of the inspiration control part (53) and one end of the first throttle valve (22) respectively.

2. The barometric pressure control based ventilator flow monitoring and control system of claim 1, wherein, The inspiration air pressure control module comprises: an inspiration monitoring unit, which is used for real-time monitoring the pressure on the expiration air path (1) in the inspiration stage; an inspiration control unit, which is used for adjusting the first set working state of the gas flow generator (21) and the first throttle valve (22) according to the pressure on the expiration air path (1) in the inspiration stage, so as to maintain the pressure on the expiration air path (1) at a set pressure; wherein the set pressure is used for balancing the pressure on the expiration air path (1) and the preset pressure provided for the patient.

3. The barometric pressure control based ventilator flow monitoring and control system of claim 2, wherein, The first set working state of the gas flow generator (21) and the first throttle valve (22) is that, in the last inspiration stage, the gas flow provided by the gas flow generator (21) for the gas flow regulating air path (2) cooperates with the opening degree of the first throttle valve (22), so that the working state of the expiration air path (1) is maintained at the set pressure.

4. The barometric pressure control based ventilator flow monitoring and control system of claim 1, wherein, The expiration air pressure control module comprises: an expiration monitoring unit, which is used for real-time monitoring the pressure on the expiration air path (1) in the expiration stage; an expiration control unit, which is used for adjusting the second set working state of the gas flow generator (21) and the first throttle valve (22) according to the pressure on the expiration air path (1) in the expiration stage, so as to realize the set positive end-expiratory pressure.

5. The barometric pressure control based ventilator flow monitoring and control system of claim 4, wherein, The second set working state of the airflow generator (21) and the first throttle valve (22) is that in the last expiratory phase, the airflow provided by the airflow generator (21) to the airflow adjusting air path (2) matches the opening degree of the first throttle valve (22), so that the working state of the set positive end-expiratory pressure is realized.

6. A barometric pressure control based breathing machine flow monitoring and control device, controlled by a barometric pressure control based breathing machine flow monitoring and control system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The application relates to a ventilation device. The ventilation device comprises an inhalation air path (5) and an exhalation air path (1) connected with the ventilation air path (4) respectively, and an airflow adjusting air path (2) connected with the end of the exhalation air path (1); The airflow adjusting air path (2) comprises an airflow generator (21) and a first throttle valve (22), the end of the exhalation air path (1) selectively communicates with the air outlet side of an inhalation control part (53) and one end of the first throttle valve (22); one end of the airflow generator (21) selectively communicates with the air inlet side of the inhalation control part (53) and the external atmosphere, and the other end selectively communicates with the air outlet side of the inhalation control part (53) and one end of the first throttle valve (22), and the other end of the first throttle valve (22) communicates with the external atmosphere; The inhalation control part (53) is arranged on the inhalation air path (5).

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