Unmanned ship for observing and monitoring hydrological information

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrological monitoring, and discloses a hydrological information observation and monitoring unmanned ship which comprises a ship body, a multi-parameter water quality instrument and a cabin formed in the top of the ship body, a mounting frame is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the ship body, and a laser radar and a monitoring camera are mounted at the top of the mounting frame through bolts; according to the hydrological information observation and monitoring unmanned ship, the immersion depth can be increased by increasing the self weight in the using process, the stability of the ship body is improved, the supporting face between the ship body and the water surface is enlarged in the self weight increasing process of the ship body, and the stability of the ship body is further improved; therefore, stable and effective hydrological monitoring is guaranteed, the accuracy of hydrological monitoring data is improved, and when transfer is needed, the increased dead weight and the enlarged supporting surface are reduced, so that the advancing resistance of the ship body is reduced, the advancing maneuverability of the ship body is improved, and the working efficiency of hydrological monitoring is improved. Effective coordination of stability and maneuverability of the unmanned ship is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrological monitoring, and in particular to an unmanned boat for hydrological information observation and monitoring. Background Art

[0002] Hydrological monitoring is of irreplaceable importance to many fields such as ecological environment assessment, water resources management, flood prevention and disaster reduction. Timely, accurate and comprehensive acquisition of hydrological information can provide solid data support for relevant decision-making, thereby promoting scientific development and reasonable planning in various fields. Hydrological monitoring; With the rapid development of science and technology, autonomous control technology has gradually emerged in the field of hydrological monitoring. The use of intelligent devices equipped with monitoring instruments has become a new development trend. Through unmanned boats and other equipment, it is possible to efficiently collect and monitor hydrological information such as flow rate, water level, water quality and meteorology in rivers, lakes and oceans. This not only effectively improves the efficiency of water quality testing and makes data collection more comprehensive, but also realizes real-time online detection, providing a strong guarantee for humans to conduct in-depth research on hydrological information in different regions. However, existing unmanned boats for hydrological monitoring still have certain defects, such as: The "A Hydrological Monitoring Unmanned Boat" with application number CN202323375743.0 cannot control the draft of the unmanned boat during use, making it difficult to effectively coordinate the stability and maneuverability of the unmanned boat. In order to improve the accuracy of hydrological monitoring data, it is necessary to ensure the stability of the unmanned boat. By increasing the weight of the unmanned boat and increasing the draft to improve its stability, the unmanned boat can reduce the shaking caused by the water flow and wind and waves. The increase in the weight of the unmanned boat will increase the resistance to the unmanned boat's movement when it needs to be transferred, reducing the speed of the unmanned boat, making it inconvenient to quickly transfer and poorly maneuverable, affecting the efficiency of hydrological monitoring operations; In view of this, in-depth research was conducted on the above problems, and an unmanned boat for hydrological information observation and monitoring was proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an unmanned boat for observing and monitoring hydrological information, so as to solve the problem in the above-mentioned background technology that the existing unmanned boat for hydrological monitoring can hardly coordinate the stability and maneuverability of the unmanned boat by reciprocatingly controlling the draft of the unmanned boat.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an unmanned boat for observing and monitoring hydrological information, comprising a hull, a multi-parameter water quality meter, and a cabin opened on the top of the hull; A mounting frame is fixedly installed on the top surface of the hull, and a laser radar and a surveillance camera are installed on the top by bolts. A propulsion device is fixedly installed on the rear end of the bottom surface of the hull. A sealing box is provided inside the hull, and a piston plate is movably provided inside the sealing box. A water inlet pipe is fixedly provided at the bottom of the sealing box, and the water inlet pipe is fixedly passed through to the bottom of the hull. A lifting mechanism for the vertical movement of the multi-parameter water quality meter is provided on the bottom surface of the cabin. The multi-parameter water quality meter passes through the inside of the channel, and the channel is fixed from the cabin to the bottom of the hull. The rear end of the lifting mechanism is connected to a transmission mechanism for the vertical movement of the piston plate, and the outer wall of the hull is provided with a telescopic expansion mechanism for expanding the support area.

[0005] The adoption of the above technical solution facilitates flexible coordination of the stability and maneuverability of the hull and improves the use effect.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a photovoltaic power generation device for solar power generation is fixedly installed at the rear end of the top surface of the hull through a support column, and the photovoltaic power generation device is arranged in an inclined shape with high front and low rear. A battery is installed at the rear end of the bottom surface of the cabin, which is used to store the electrical energy converted by the photovoltaic power generation device.

[0007] The above technical solution is adopted to facilitate the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy, thereby providing green and environmentally friendly energy for the hull and internal equipment.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the lifting mechanism includes an electric push rod, which is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the cabin and is located on the left side of the channel. A lifting plate is fixedly installed on the output end of the electric push rod, and a mounting rod is fixedly installed on the front end of the bottom of the lifting plate, and the multi-parameter water quality meter is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the mounting rod.

[0009] The above technical solution makes it easy to control the up and down movement of the lifting plate by telescoping the electric push rod, thereby driving the mounting rod and the multi-parameter water quality meter to rise and fall in the channel and be placed in the water to realize efficient detection of water quality parameters.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the transmission mechanism includes a fixed rod, which is fixedly installed on the rear end of the bottom surface of the lifting plate, and the bottom end of the fixed rod is fixedly installed with a first rack, the rear side of the first rack is meshed with a transmission gear, and the transmission gear is installed on the inner wall surface of the fixed frame through an installation shaft bearing, and the fixed frame is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the cabin, the rear side of the transmission gear is meshed with a second rack, and the bottom end of the second rack is fixedly installed with a sliding rod, the sliding rod slides longitudinally through the interior of the sealing box, and the bottom end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the top surface of the piston plate.

[0011] The above technical solution facilitates the transmission of the movement of the lifting plate to the slide rod through the first rack, the transmission gear and the second rack, driving the piston plate to move synchronously in the sealing box, thereby ensuring that water is sucked in to increase the weight of the hull.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the telescopic expansion mechanism includes a hose, one end of the hose is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing box, and the hose extends to the rear side of the hull, the hose extends through the rear side wall of the movable frame, and the movable frame is longitudinally slidably installed on the surface of the hull, and a horizontally telescopic airbag is installed on the outer side of the movable frame, and the airbag is fixedly connected to the other end of the hose.

[0013] The above technical solution makes it easy for the piston plate to move upward in the sealed box to transmit gas to the airbag through the hose, causing the airbag to stretch horizontally, thereby expanding the support area of the hull and improving the stability of the hull on the water.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a water outlet pipe is fixedly provided at the bottom of the sealing box, and the water outlet pipe is fixedly provided to the bottom of the hull, and a drainage pipe is fixedly provided at the front end of the water outlet pipe.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the water in the sealed box can be discharged to the bottom of the hull through the outlet pipe when the movable plate moves downward, and the drain pipe can discharge the water in the outlet pipe.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a delivery pipe is fixedly installed horizontally through the rear end of the water outlet pipe, and the delivery pipe is fixedly installed at the rear end of the hull, a through pipe is fixedly installed at the top end of the delivery pipe, and a plurality of nozzles are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the rear side of the through pipe.

[0017] The above technical solution facilitates the water in the outlet pipe to be transported to multiple nozzles through the delivery pipe and the through pipe for uniform spraying, thereby cleaning the surface of the photovoltaic power generation device.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the water inlet pipe, the drain pipe and the delivery pipe are all provided with waterproof solenoid valves, and a filter is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water inlet pipe.

[0019] The above technical solution makes it easy to accurately control the on-off of each pipeline through the waterproof solenoid valve, realize the automatic control of water intake, discharge and transportation, and the filter can filter impurities in the water to prevent pipe blockage and ensure the normal operation of the equipment.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, an electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed on the inner bottom surface of the fixed frame, and a clamping block is fixedly installed on the output end of the electric telescopic rod, and the clamping block is movably connected to the clamping slot opened at the lower end of the front side of the second rack.

[0021] The above technical solution makes it easy to control the extension and retraction of the clamping block through the electric telescopic rod, thereby locking and unlocking the second rack, thereby fixing the position of the piston plate when necessary and ensuring stability in the working state.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the right end of the drain pipe is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the water inlet pipe, and the water outlet end of the drain pipe is located above the filter screen.

[0023] The above technical solution makes it easy to return the water discharged from the drain pipe to the water inlet pipe, to perform square flushing on the filter screen, to prevent the accumulation of impurities on the filter screen and to ensure the water inlet efficiency and water quality of the water inlet pipe.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the unmanned boat for hydrological information observation and monitoring can increase its draft by increasing its own weight during use, thereby improving the stability of the hull, and can expand the support surface with the water surface as the hull's own weight increases, further improving the stability of the hull, thereby ensuring stable and effective hydrological monitoring, which is conducive to improving the accuracy of hydrological monitoring data, and when it is necessary to transfer, the increased deadweight and expanded support surface can be reduced, thereby reducing the resistance of the hull, improving the maneuverability of the hull, improving the operational efficiency of hydrological monitoring, and achieving effective coordination between the stability and maneuverability of the unmanned boat; The lifting plate is driven by an electric push rod to move, thereby driving the installation rod and the multi-parameter water quality meter to move up and down. After the multi-parameter water quality meter moves downward through the channel and is placed in the water, hydrological information observation and monitoring can be carried out; When the mounting plate moves downward, the first rack is driven to move downward synchronously through the fixing rod, and the second rack is driven to move upward through the placement of the transmission gear, so that water can be sucked into the sealed box through the water inlet pipe, thereby increasing the deadweight of the hull, thereby increasing the draft of the hull and improving the stability of the hull; As the piston plate moves upward, the gas in the top space is pressed into the airbag through the hose, causing it to stretch out, expanding the support area of the hull on the water surface and further improving the stability of the hull; When the piston plate moves downward, the gas in the airbag is sucked in, causing the airbag to shrink. At the same time, water is discharged through the water outlet pipe and is discharged through the drain pipe under the control of the waterproof solenoid valve, or enters the through pipe through the water pipe and is sprayed toward the photovoltaic power generation device by the nozzle, thereby cleaning the photovoltaic power generation device and ensuring its effective use. The drainage of water and the contraction of the airbags reduce the weight of the hull, lower the hull's draft, and improve the maneuverability of the hull. By utilizing the synergy of lidar and surveillance cameras, it can scan the water terrain and identify obstacles in real time, cooperate with the propulsion device to achieve autonomous obstacle avoidance, ensure driving safety, realize rapid transfer of the hull, and improve the efficiency of hydrological monitoring operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a front structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a rear view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention when viewed from above; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hull cross-section structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional connection structure between the sealing box and the piston plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the movable frame, the airbag and the hose of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-parameter water quality meter of the present invention when placed in water; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the electric telescopic rod and the fixing bracket in the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the card blocks when plugged into each other in the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the water inlet pipe and the drain pipe in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. hull; 2. multi-parameter water quality meter; 3. cabin; 4. mounting frame; 5. lidar; 6. surveillance camera; 7. propulsion device; 8. sealing box; 9. piston plate; 10. water inlet pipe; 11. channel; 12. photovoltaic power generation device; 13. battery; 14. electric push rod; 15. lifting plate; 16. mounting rod; 17. fixing rod; 18. first rack; 19. transmission gear; 20. fixing frame; 21. second rack; 22. sliding rod; 23. hose; 24. movable frame; 25. airbag; 26. outlet pipe; 27. drain pipe; 28. delivery pipe; 29. through pipe; 30. nozzle; 31. filter; 32. electric telescopic rod; 33. clamping block; 34. slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0028] See also Figure 1 - Figure 7The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: an unmanned boat for observing and monitoring hydrological information, comprising a hull 1 and a multi-parameter water quality meter 2, as well as a cabin 3 opened on the top of the hull 1. The hull 1 is provided with a PLC control system widely used in the market for controlling various components. The bottom of the hull 1 is provided with an anchor for positioning it to prevent the hull 1 from flowing with the water flow. A mounting frame 4 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the hull 1, and a laser radar 5 and a monitoring camera 6 are installed on the top of the hull 1 by bolts. A propulsion device 7 is fixedly installed on the rear end of the bottom surface of the hull 1. The inner surface of the hull 1 is provided with a plurality of fixedly mounted propulsion devices. A sealing box 8 is provided in the interior, and a piston plate 9 is movably provided inside the sealing box 8. A water inlet pipe 10 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the sealing box 8, and the water inlet pipe 10 is fixedly passed through to the bottom of the hull 1. A lifting mechanism for the vertical movement of the multi-parameter water quality meter 2 is provided on the bottom of the cabin 3. The multi-parameter water quality meter 2 passes through the inside of the channel 11, and the channel 11 is fixed from the inside of the cabin 3 to the bottom of the hull 1. The rear end of the lifting mechanism is connected with a transmission mechanism for the vertical movement of the piston plate 9, and the outer wall of the hull 1 is provided with a telescopic expansion mechanism for expanding the support area.

[0029] A photovoltaic power generation device 12 for solar power generation is fixedly installed on the rear end of the top surface of the hull 1 through a support column, and the photovoltaic power generation device 12 is arranged in an inclined shape with the front higher and the rear lower. A battery 13 is installed at the rear end of the bottom surface of the cabin 3, which is used to store the electrical energy converted by the photovoltaic power generation device 12 for powering the device to power electrical equipment.

[0030] The lifting mechanism includes an electric push rod 14, which is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the cabin 3 and is located on the left side of the channel 11. A lifting plate 15 is fixedly installed on the output end of the electric push rod 14, and a mounting rod 16 is fixedly installed on the front end of the bottom of the lifting plate 15, and the multi-parameter water quality meter 2 is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the mounting rod 16.

[0031] The transmission mechanism includes a fixed rod 17, which is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the bottom surface of the lifting plate 15, and a first rack 18 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the fixed rod 17, and the rear side of the first rack 18 is meshed with a transmission gear 19, and the transmission gear 19 is mounted on the inner wall surface of the fixed frame 20 through an installation shaft bearing, and the fixed frame 20 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the cabin 3, and the rear side of the transmission gear 19 is meshed with a second rack 21, and a sliding rod 22 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the second rack 21, and the sliding rod 22 slides longitudinally through the interior of the sealing box 8, and the bottom end of the sliding rod 22 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the piston plate 9.

[0032] The telescopic expansion mechanism includes a hose 23, one end of which is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing box 8, and the hose 23 passes through the rear side of the hull 1. The hose 23 passes through the rear side wall of the movable frame 24, and the movable frame 24 is longitudinally slidably installed on the surface of the hull 1. The outer side surface of the movable frame 24 is installed with an airbag 25 that is telescopic in the horizontal direction, and the airbag 25 is fixedly connected to the other end of the hose 23.

[0033] A water outlet pipe 26 is fixedly provided through the bottom of the sealing box 8 , and the water outlet pipe 26 is fixedly provided to penetrate the bottom of the hull 1 , and a drainage pipe 27 is fixedly provided to penetrate the front end of the water outlet pipe 26 in a transverse direction.

[0034] A delivery pipe 28 is fixedly installed horizontally through the rear end of the water outlet pipe 26, and the delivery pipe 28 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the hull 1. A through pipe 29 is fixedly installed on the top end of the delivery pipe 28, and a plurality of nozzles 30 are fixedly installed at equal intervals on the rear side of the through pipe 29. The nozzles 30 are located above the front side of the photovoltaic power generation device 12.

[0035] Waterproof solenoid valves are provided on the water inlet pipe 10 , the drainage pipe 27 and the delivery pipe 28 , and a filter screen 31 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water inlet pipe 10 .

[0036] Working principle: When hydrological monitoring is required, the electric push rod 14 is activated, and its output end pushes the lifting plate 15 downward, driving the installation rod 16 and the multi-parameter water quality meter 2 to move downward along the channel 11; During the downward movement of the lifting plate 15, the fixed rod 17 drives the first rack 18 to move downward, and the second rack 21 drives the slide rod 22 and the piston plate 9 to move upward in the sealing box 8 through the meshing transmission of the transmission gear 19. At this time, the waterproof solenoid valve of the water inlet pipe 10 is opened, and the water enters the sealing box 8 after being filtered through the filter screen 31, increasing the deadweight of the hull 1 to deepen the draft. Since the movable frame 24 is longitudinally slidably mounted on the surface of the hull 1, the movable frame 24 slides relative to the hull 1, ensuring that the airbag 25 remains at the water surface. As the piston plate 9 moves upward, the gas at the top of the sealed box 8 is pressed and sent to the airbag 25 through the hose 23, causing the airbag 25 to stretch horizontally to expand the support area of the hull 1 and improve the stability of the hull 1; When the piston plate 9 moves to contact the top surface of the sealing box 8, the first rack 18 moving downward is separated from the transmission gear 19. At this time, the electric push rod 14 continues to drive the installation rod 16 and the multi-parameter water quality meter 2 downward through the lifting plate 15 until the multi-parameter water quality meter 2 is placed in the water. At this time, the multi-parameter water quality meter 2 can be used to observe and monitor hydrological information. When the hull 1 needs to be transferred to a new hydrological monitoring site, the electric push rod 14 drives the lifting plate 15 to move upward, and the multi-parameter water quality instrument 2 is recovered into the cabin 3. At the same time, the first rack 18 moves upward and engages with the transmission gear 19, which will cause the second rack 21 to drive the piston plate 9 to move downward. The waterproof solenoid valve of the drain pipe 27 is opened, and the waterproof solenoid valve of the delivery pipe 28 is closed. The water in the sealing box 8 is discharged through the outlet pipe 26 and then through the drain pipe 27. At the same time, the gas in the airbag 25 flows back to the sealing box 8 through the hose 23 and shrinks, thereby reducing the weight of the hull 1 and the support area, thereby reducing the travel resistance. During driving, the laser radar 5 and the monitoring camera 6 scan the water environment in real time, and the PLC control system controls the propulsion device 7 to perform autonomous obstacle avoidance based on the feedback information; When the water in the sealed box 8 is drained, the waterproof solenoid valve of the drain pipe 27 can be closed and the waterproof solenoid valve of the delivery pipe 28 can be opened. At this time, water will be transported to the through pipe 29 through the delivery pipe 28 and sprayed through the nozzle 30 to clean the surface of the photovoltaic power generation device 12, thereby cleaning the photovoltaic power generation device 12 and ensuring that the photovoltaic power generation device 12 effectively converts solar energy into electrical energy and stores it in the battery 13 to power various devices. Example

[0037] See also Figure 8 - Figure 9 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that an electric telescopic rod 32 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom surface of the fixed frame 20, and a clamping block 33 is fixedly installed on the output end of the electric telescopic rod 32. The clamping block 33 is movably plugged into a clamping slot 34 provided at the lower end of the front side surface of the second rack 21.

[0038] When the second rack 21 drives the slide rod 22 and the piston plate 9 to move upward and the piston plate 9 contacts the top surface of the sealing box 8, the electric telescopic rod 32 can be activated to drive the clamping block 33 to move, so that the clamping block 33 can be extended into the clamping groove 34 to lock the second rack 21, thereby preventing the sliding of the second rack 21, the slide rod 22 and the piston plate 9 caused by external influences, thereby ensuring stable and effective use of the equipment. Example

[0039] See also Figure 10 The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that the right end of the drain pipe 27 is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the water inlet pipe 10, and the water outlet end of the drain pipe 27 is located above the filter screen 31.

[0040] When water is drained through the drain pipe 27, the water will flow back to the water inlet pipe 10 to backwash the filter 31, thereby cleaning the filter 31 and preventing the filter 31 from being blocked by impurities, thereby ensuring long-term use.

[0041] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0042] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An unmanned boat for observing and monitoring hydrological information, comprising a hull (1), a multi-parameter water quality meter (2), and a cabin (3) opened on the top of the hull (1), characterized in that: The top surface of the hull (1) is fixedly mounted with a mounting frame (4), and a laser radar (5) and a monitoring camera (6) are mounted on the top of the hull (1) by bolts. A propulsion device (7) is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the bottom surface of the hull (1). A sealing box (8) is provided inside the hull (1), and a piston plate (9) is movably provided inside the sealing box (8). A water inlet pipe (10) is fixedly provided through the bottom of the sealing box (8), and the water inlet pipe (10) is fixedly passed through the bottom of the hull (1). A lifting mechanism for vertical movement of the multi-parameter water quality meter (2) is provided on the bottom surface of the cabin (3). The multi-parameter water quality meter (2) passes through the inside of the channel (11), and the channel (11) is fixedly passed through from the inside of the cabin (3) to the bottom of the hull (1). The rear end of the lifting mechanism is connected to a transmission mechanism for vertical movement of the piston plate (9). The outer wall surface of the hull (1) is provided with a telescopic expansion mechanism for expanding the support area.

2. The unmanned boat for hydrological information observation and monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: A photovoltaic power generation device (12) for solar power generation is fixedly installed on the rear end of the top surface of the hull (1) via a support column, and the photovoltaic power generation device (12) is arranged in an inclined shape with the front higher and the rear lower. A battery (13) is installed on the rear end of the bottom surface of the cabin (3) for storing electrical energy converted by the photovoltaic power generation device (12).

3. The unmanned boat for hydrological information observation and monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism comprises an electric push rod (14), the electric push rod (14) is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the cabin (3), and the electric push rod (14) is located on the left side of the channel (11), a lifting plate (15) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the electric push rod (14), and a mounting rod (16) is fixedly mounted on the front end of the bottom of the lifting plate (15), and the multi-parameter water quality meter (2) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the mounting rod (16).

4. The unmanned boat for hydrological information observation and monitoring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a fixed rod (17), the fixed rod (17) is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the bottom surface of the lifting plate (15), and the bottom end of the fixed rod (17) is fixedly mounted with a first rack (18), the rear side of the first rack (18) is meshedly connected with a transmission gear (19), the transmission gear (19) is mounted on the inner wall surface of the fixed frame (20) through a mounting shaft bearing, the fixed frame (20) is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the cabin (3), the rear side of the transmission gear (19) is meshedly connected with a second rack (21), and the bottom end of the second rack (21) is fixedly mounted with a slide rod (22), the slide rod (22) slides longitudinally through the interior of the sealing box (8), and the bottom end of the slide rod (22) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the piston plate (9).

5. The unmanned boat for hydrological information observation and monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic expansion mechanism includes a hose (23), one end of which is fixedly connected to the top of the sealing box (8), and the hose (23) extends to the rear side of the hull (1). The hose (23) extends through the rear side wall of the movable frame (24), and the movable frame (24) is longitudinally slidably mounted on the surface of the hull (1). An airbag (25) that is telescopic in the horizontal direction is mounted on the outer side of the movable frame (24), and the airbag (25) is fixedly connected to the other end of the hose (23).

6. The unmanned boat for hydrological information observation and monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water outlet pipe (26) is fixedly provided through the bottom of the sealing box (8), and the water outlet pipe (26) is fixedly provided through the bottom of the hull (1), and a drainage pipe (27) is fixedly provided through the front end of the water outlet pipe (26) in a transverse direction.

7. The unmanned vessel for hydrological information observation and monitoring according to claim 6, characterized in that: A delivery pipe (28) is fixedly provided at the rear end of the water outlet pipe (26) and is passed through in a transverse direction. The delivery pipe (28) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the hull (1). A through pipe (29) is fixedly installed at the top end of the delivery pipe (28). A plurality of nozzles (30) are fixedly installed at the rear side of the through pipe (29) at equal intervals.

8. The unmanned boat for hydrological information observation and monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water inlet pipe (10), the drainage pipe (27) and the delivery pipe (28) are all provided with waterproof solenoid valves, and a filter screen (31) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water inlet pipe (10).

9. The unmanned boat for hydrological information observation and monitoring according to claim 4, characterized in that: An electric telescopic rod (32) is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom surface of the fixing frame (20), and a clamping block (33) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the electric telescopic rod (32). The clamping block (33) is movably plugged into a clamping slot (34) provided at the lower end of the front side surface of the second rack (21).

10. The unmanned boat for hydrological information observation and monitoring according to claim 8, characterized in that: The right end of the drainage pipe (27) is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the water inlet pipe (10), and the water outlet end of the drainage pipe (27) is located above the filter screen (31).

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