RH vacuum tank system and combustion heating operation method

Abstract

The invention relates to an RH vacuum tank system and a combustion heating operation method, and belongs to the field of ferrous metallurgy vacuum treatment equipment. The system comprises a vacuum tank, a hot bent pipe, a top lance device, a vacuum air pump system and an automatic control system, the hot bent pipe is connected with the vacuum tank, and an automatic ignition device, an infrared temperature measuring device, a video monitoring device and a thermocouple are integrated in the hot bent pipe; the top lance device is of a water-cooling multi-layer sleeve structure, multiple stations are switched through a top lance rotating frame and a lifting trolley, and vacuum sealing is maintained. The method is based on multi-sensor cooperative control, low-temperature ignition, high-temperature spontaneous combustion and molten steel heating modes are automatically executed according to the temperature of a refractory material at the bottom of a tank and the temperature of molten steel, and combustion stability is ensured by dynamically adjusting the flow of fuel gas and oxygen. According to the scheme, through closed-loop ignition control, inert gas protection and intelligent monitoring, the safety is remarkably improved, and the gas explosion risk is avoided; full-automatic operation and precise temperature control are combined, the molten steel quality and the production efficiency are improved, and the device is suitable for refining production of high-value-added steel such as silicon steel and automobile sheets.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of vacuum processing equipment for steel metallurgy, and relates to an RH vacuum tank system and a combustion heating operation method. Background Art

[0002] As a key technology in the field of iron and steel metallurgy, the RH vacuum refining process has been developed since the middle of the last century and has been widely used in the production of high-value-added steel grades. It significantly improves the quality of molten steel through vacuum degassing, decarburization, composition adjustment and other functions. The traditional RH vacuum tank system uses a top gun device to achieve oxygen blowing decarburization, combustion heating and other operations, but there are still many technical bottlenecks in actual application. In the existing technology, the automatic ignition function of the top gun mostly relies on a built-in ignition device or an external auxiliary ignition gun. However, under low-temperature conditions (such as the temperature of the refractory material at the bottom of the tank is lower than 600°C), it is difficult for the gas to spontaneously ignite, and the ignition device needs to be frequently activated. Due to the complex environment in the vacuum tank, problems such as steel slag splashing, high-temperature radiation and fragile sealing structure, the traditional automatic ignition device is not reliable enough and difficult to maintain. It may even cause gas accumulation and explosion due to ignition failure, which seriously threatens production safety.

[0003] In recent years, some improvement plans have attempted to optimize the ignition position by combining an external ignition gun with a telescopic structure. However, this type of design still has inherent defects: the flame combustion point is close to the rubber airbag of the sealing device, and long-term high temperature can easily cause the airbag to age and fail, destroying the vacuum seal; at the same time, the metal components in the ignition area are easily deformed due to thermal stress, further reducing the service life of the equipment. In addition, the existing top gun system lacks an integrated design in terms of injection medium control, flame monitoring and multi-condition adaptive adjustment, making it difficult to achieve full-process automated control. For example, when the temperature in the vacuum tank is higher than 800°C, the gas can spontaneously ignite, but the traditional system still relies on a fixed ignition process and cannot dynamically switch the operating mode according to the real-time temperature, resulting in energy waste and low efficiency; and during the molten steel heating stage, due to the lack of multi-sensor collaborative feedback, the combustion process is not stable enough, affecting the temperature uniformity of the molten steel.

[0004] On the other hand, while existing technologies for hot-bent pipes, core components connecting the vacuum tank to the exhaust system, have achieved basic vacuum sealing and high-temperature resistance, they still lack ignition support, temperature monitoring, and ease of maintenance. Most hot-bent pipes lack integrated low-temperature ignition assist devices, making them difficult to adapt to varying temperature conditions. Refractory temperature monitoring relies on a single thermocouple, which cannot accurately cover the entire tank bottom. Video monitoring systems are susceptible to interference from high-temperature flue gases, making it difficult to accurately determine the state of the molten steel. These issues have resulted in the RH vacuum treatment process remaining highly dependent on manual intervention, limiting production efficiency and the level of intelligent automation.

[0005] In summary, the existing RH vacuum tank system and combustion heating method have significant deficiencies in safety, automation and equipment reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide an RH vacuum tank system and a combustion heating operation method, aiming to improve the safety, automation level and equipment reliability of vacuum refining in the steelmaking process.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A RH vacuum tank system includes a vacuum tank, a hot bend pipe, a top gun device, a vacuum pump system and an automatic control system. The vacuum tank has the functions of vacuum cycle degassing, vacuum alloying and refractory temperature monitoring. The hot bend pipe is sealed and connected to the vacuum tank and the main exhaust pipe through water-cooled flanges at both ends. An automatic ignition device, an infrared temperature measuring device, a video monitoring device and a thermocouple are integrated inside. The automatic ignition device is used to start low-temperature ignition when the temperature at the bottom of the tank is lower than the set threshold. The infrared temperature measuring device monitors the temperature of the refractory material or molten steel at the bottom of the tank in real time. The video monitoring device detects the existence status and reaction process of the molten steel. The thermocouple is embedded in the refractory material at the top of the hot bend pipe to monitor temperature changes. A top gun hole is provided at the top of the hot bend pipe, which is connected to the top gun sealing channel through nitrogen sealing.

[0009] The top gun assembly includes a water-cooled, multi-layered casing structure, a top gun sealing channel, a top gun rotating frame and lifting trolley, and a flame UV sensor. The top gun sealing channel is sealed to the top gun hole of the hot bend pipe, and nitrogen sealing prevents the ingress of external air. The top gun rotating frame and lifting trolley drive the gun body to switch between multiple positions, such as oxygen blowing, ignition, and heating. The flame UV sensor is embedded in the gun head to monitor the flame status in real time and provide feedback to the automatic control system. A vacuum pump system maintains the vacuum environment in the vacuum tank. The automatic control system is connected to an external superior network to fully automatically control the blowing and ignition processes. It also integrates a cooling water monitoring function, which detects differences in inlet and return water pressure, temperature, and flow to generate alarms and automatically raise the gun.

[0010] Optionally, the top gun body is provided with a cooling water jacket, a fuel gas / powder channel, an oxygen channel and a flame ultraviolet sensor channel from the outside to the inside.

[0011] Optionally, an inspection and observation hole is provided at the end of the hot-bend pipe for cleaning and maintaining the automatic ignition device.

[0012] Optionally, the top gun device includes a gas powder input hose, an oxygen input hose and a cooling water inlet and outlet hose, which are respectively connected to corresponding channels of the gun body and the flow is adjusted through a valve station.

[0013] Furthermore, the gas and oxygen flows can be linked to the automatic control system through the valve station and dynamically adjusted according to the preset curve.

[0014] Optionally, the hot-bent pipe is a U-shaped pipe welded with heat-resistant steel plates, lined with refractory materials, and is detached from the connecting flange when the vacuum tank is replaced through a hydraulic jacking device.

[0015] Optionally, the cooling water jacket of the top gun body is provided with an inlet and return water pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a flow meter. When the inlet and return water flow difference exceeds a threshold, an alarm is triggered and the gun is automatically lifted. After the spraying is completed, nitrogen or argon is filled into the gun body for purging.

[0016] A combustion heating operation method based on the above system comprises the following steps:

[0017] Low-temperature ignition mode: When the video surveillance device detects that there is no molten steel in the vacuum tank and the infrared temperature measuring device detects that the temperature of the refractory material at the bottom of the tank is lower than T1 (500℃~700℃), the automatic control system controls the top gun to move to the hot bending pipe ignition position, starts the automatic ignition device to ignite the pilot flame, and then the top gun sprays out combustion-supporting oxygen and fuel gas in low flow in sequence; the flame ultraviolet sensor detects the flame signal, and if it is stable, the pilot flame is extinguished and the heating position is entered, and the fuel gas and oxygen are increased according to the preset curve; if the signal is abnormal, the fuel gas is cut off and an alarm is sounded.

[0018] High-temperature spontaneous combustion mode: When the temperature of the refractory material at the bottom of the tank is higher than T2 (700℃~900℃), the top gun moves to the ignition position of the vacuum tank and directly sprays out oxygen and fuel gas. After the flame stabilizes, it enters the heating position. In case of abnormality, the fuel gas and oxygen are cut off and an alarm is issued.

[0019] Molten steel heating mode: When the molten steel temperature is detected to be higher than T3 (1200℃~1500℃), the top gun moves to the combustion heating position to spray oxygen and fuel gas, and increases the flow rate according to the curve after stabilization; in case of abnormality, the medium is cut off and an alarm is issued.

[0020] Optionally, the automatic control system receives signals from the flame ultraviolet light sensor, infrared temperature measuring device and video monitoring device in real time, and dynamically adjusts the flow rates of fuel gas and oxygen to maintain combustion stability.

[0021] Furthermore, T1, T2 and T3 may preferably be 600° C., 800° C. and 1350° C., respectively.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The RH vacuum tank system and combustion heating operation method of the present invention achieve significant improvements in safety, automation level, equipment reliability, and production efficiency through multi-sensor coordinated control, modular structural design, and adaptive operation logic. These improvements are embodied in the following core advantages:

[0024] 1. Comprehensively improve safety and effectively avoid production accidents

[0025] Traditional RH vacuum tank systems rely on manual or built-in ignition devices for low-temperature ignition, which can easily cause gas accumulation and explosion due to steel slag splashing, seal failure or ignition delay. This solution forms a closed-loop control through the automatic ignition device integrated in the hot bend pipe and the flame UV sensor of the top gun device. Under low-temperature working conditions (the temperature of the refractory material at the bottom of the tank is lower than 600°C), it automatically starts the long-open flame and monitors the flame status in real time. If the flame signal is abnormal, the system immediately cuts off the gas supply and alarms, eliminating the risk of gas leakage at the source. At the same time, the top gun sealing channel uses a nitrogen sealing device to continuously introduce inert gas to isolate external air from entering the vacuum tank, avoiding the contact of oxygen and residual gas in high-temperature environments to cause explosions. In addition, the water-cooled multi-layer casing structure of the top gun body (from the outside to the inside are the cooling water jacket, gas / powder channel, oxygen channel and sensor channel) effectively reduces the gun body temperature through a closed-loop cooling system, preventing equipment damage or medium leakage due to overheating, and further ensuring operational safety.

[0026] 2. The level of automation and intelligence has been significantly improved

[0027] In existing technologies, the combustion and heating process relies on manual judgment of temperature thresholds and switching of operating modes, which is inefficient and prone to errors. This solution achieves full process automation through multi-sensor collaborative control:

[0028] The infrared temperature measuring device monitors the temperature of the refractory material and molten steel at the bottom of the tank in real time, accurately covering the temperature changes over the entire area;

[0029] The video monitoring device is combined with a visual algorithm to accurately identify the timing and reaction status of molten steel entering the vacuum tank;

[0030] The flame UV sensor dynamically feeds back combustion stability and works in conjunction with the automatic control system to adjust the gas and oxygen flow rates.

[0031] Based on this data, the system automatically switches between low-temperature ignition mode, high-temperature spontaneous combustion mode, and molten steel heating mode, without manual intervention. For example, when the tank bottom temperature exceeds 800°C, the system skips the ignition step and directly injects fuel gas, utilizing the high-temperature environment to achieve spontaneous combustion, saving energy and shortening processing time.

[0032] 3. Enhanced equipment reliability and reduced maintenance costs

[0033] Traditional hot-bending pipes are complex in structure and lack self-maintenance features, making maintenance difficult and leading to long downtimes. This solution optimizes equipment reliability through the following designs:

[0034] An inspection and observation hole is set at the end of the hot-bent pipe to facilitate the rapid cleaning of the automatic ignition device and nodules on the surface of the refractory material, reducing unplanned downtime;

[0035] Thermocouples are embedded in the refractory material of the hot-bending pipe to monitor the temperature changes of the refractory material in real time and provide early warning of local overheating or damage risks;

[0036] The top gun cooling water system integrates pressure, temperature and flow sensors. When abnormal flow (such as leakage or blockage) is detected, the gun will be automatically raised and an alarm will be issued to avoid burning of the gun body.

[0037] After spraying, fill with nitrogen / argon to purge and remove the residual medium in the gun body to prevent powder deposition or gas backfire.

[0038] In addition, the hot-bent pipe can be quickly separated from the vacuum tank and exhaust pipe through the hydraulic jacking device, which simplifies the replacement process and greatly improves maintenance efficiency.

[0039] 4. Strong process adaptability, improved molten steel quality and production efficiency

[0040] This solution dynamically adjusts the gas and oxygen flow rates through preset curves to ensure a stable combustion process under different working conditions. For example:

[0041] In the molten steel heating mode, the system automatically matches the optimal heating curve according to the molten steel temperature (above 1350℃) to avoid local overheating or uneven temperature;

[0042] During the oxygen decarburization or powder desulfurization stages, the top gun's multi-layer media channels support precise and synchronous injection of oxygen, powder and fuel gas to optimize reaction efficiency.

[0043] The above functions significantly reduce the fluctuation of molten steel composition and improve the purity and mechanical properties of high value-added steel grades (such as silicon steel and automotive plates).

[0044] 5. Outstanding advantages in energy conservation, environmental protection and cost control

[0045] Traditional processes require continuous consumption of pilot flame gas during low-temperature ignition. This solution, however, activates the pilot flame only during the initial ignition phase and immediately shuts it off once the flame stabilizes, improving gas utilization. Furthermore, through real-time monitoring and adaptive regulation, excessive oxygen or gas injection is avoided, reducing exhaust emissions and energy waste. This extended equipment life and reduced maintenance frequency further reduce overall production costs, creating significant economic benefits for the company.

[0046] In summary, this solution solves the long-standing pain points of traditional RH vacuum tank systems in terms of safety, reliability, and automation through the deep integration of structural innovation and intelligent control technology, providing an efficient, stable, and sustainable solution for modern steelmaking processes.

[0047] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description or may be learned from practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the RH vacuum tank system;

[0050] Figure 2 This is the cross-sectional view of the RH hot-bent pipe;

[0051] Figure 3 This is a top view of the RH hot-bent pipe.

[0052] Figure numerals: 1 top gun, 2 hot bending pipe, 3 top gun flame, 4 vacuum tank, 5 ladle, 6 air bag, 7 nitrogen sealing tube, 8 sealing channel, 9 ignition device, 10 hot bending pipe refractory, 11 ignition tube channel, 12 water cooling flange, 13 temperature sensor, 14 video monitoring device, 15 infrared temperature measuring device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by means of specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0054] Among them, the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and represent only schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the dimensions of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the accompanying drawings.

[0055] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships, they are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0056] See also Figures 1 to 3 The RH vacuum tank system and combustion heating operation method of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] 1.RH vacuum tank system structure

[0058] The RH vacuum tank system includes a vacuum tank 4, a hot bending pipe 2, a top gun device 1, a vacuum pump system and an automatic control system (such as Figure 1 As shown). The vacuum tank 4 consists of an immersion tube, a bottom tank, and an upper tank. It has vacuum cycle degassing and vacuum alloying functions. A temperature sensor 13 is installed inside it to monitor the temperature of the refractory material at the bottom of the tank. The hot bend pipe 2 is sealed with the vacuum tank 4 and the main exhaust pipe through water-cooled flanges 12 at both ends. A rubber sealing ring is installed between the flanges, and the vacuum seal is achieved by the deadweight of the hot bend pipe 2. The hot bend pipe 2 is welded into a U-shaped pipe using heat-resistant steel plates, and the hot bend pipe refractory material 10 is built inside. The following key components are integrated on the top:

[0059] Automatic ignition device 9: located on the axis of the top gun hole, equipped with gas purge and water cooling protection facilities, used to start low-temperature ignition when the tank bottom temperature is lower than 600℃;

[0060] Infrared temperature measuring device 15: The measuring point is located at the center of the bottom of the vacuum tank 4, which monitors the temperature of the refractory material or molten steel in real time;

[0061] Video monitoring device 14: identifies the moment when the molten steel in the ladle 5 enters the vacuum tank 4 and the reaction state through a visual algorithm;

[0062] Top gun hole: It is set at the top of the hot bending pipe 2 and is connected to the sealing channel 8 of the top gun device 1 through the nitrogen sealing tube 7. Nitrogen is continuously introduced into the sealing gap to prevent air from infiltrating;

[0063] Thermocouple 13: embedded in the hot bending pipe refractory 10 to accurately monitor the temperature change of the refractory;

[0064] Inspection and observation hole 11: It is set at the end of the hot-bend pipe 2 and is used to clean the automatic ignition device 9 and nodules on the surface of the refractory material.

[0065] The top gun device 1 includes a top gun body, a sealing channel 8, a top gun rotating frame and a top gun lifting trolley. The top gun body is a water-cooled multi-layer casing structure, which is composed of a cooling water jacket, a gas / powder channel, an oxygen channel and a flame ultraviolet sensor channel from the outside to the inside.

[0066] Cooling water jacket: Connect the cooling water inlet and outlet hoses, set a pressure sensor and flow meter at the water inlet, and a temperature sensor 13 at the water return. If the difference between the inlet and return water flow exceeds the threshold, the automatic control system triggers an alarm and raises the gun;

[0067] Gas / powder channel: connected to the top gun control valve station through the gas / powder input hose, used to transport natural gas or desulfurization powder;

[0068] Oxygen channel: connected to the valve station through the oxygen input hose to transport combustion-supporting oxygen;

[0069] Flame UV sensor: embedded in the head of the gun body, it detects the status of the top gun flame 3 in real time and feeds back to the automatic control system through the electrical cable.

[0070] The top gun device 1 utilizes a rotating gun frame and a lifting trolley to switch between multiple positions, including oxygen blowing, hot bend ignition, vacuum tank ignition, combustion heating, and standby positions outside and inside the tank. After the injection is complete, nitrogen or argon is injected through a valve station into each channel of the gun body for purge, preventing any residual medium.

[0071] 2. Combustion heating operation method

[0072] The method is implemented by an automatic control system in the following modes (such as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown):

[0073] (1) Low temperature ignition mode

[0074] When the video monitoring device 14 detects that there is no molten steel in the vacuum tank 4, and the infrared temperature measuring device 15 detects that the temperature of the refractory material at the bottom of the tank is lower than 600°C:

[0075] The automatic control system instructs the top gun device 1 to move to the hot-bend pipe ignition position, and the top gun body is inserted into the hot-bend pipe 2 through the sealing channel 8;

[0076] Start the automatic ignition device 9 to ignite the pilot flame, and the top gun body will spray out combustion-supporting oxygen and fuel gas in low flow in sequence;

[0077] The flame ultraviolet sensor detects the top gun flame 3 signal. If the signal is stable within 3 seconds, the pilot flame is extinguished, the top gun is lowered to the combustion and heating position, and the gas and oxygen flow rates are increased according to the preset curve. If the signal is abnormal, the gas is immediately cut off and an alarm is sounded.

[0078] (2) High temperature spontaneous combustion mode

[0079] When the temperature of the refractory material at the bottom of the tank is higher than 800℃:

[0080] The top gun device 1 moves directly to the ignition position of the vacuum tank and sprays combustion-supporting oxygen and fuel gas in low flow rates in sequence;

[0081] The top gun flame 3 spontaneously ignites in a high temperature environment. After the flame stabilizes, it enters the combustion and heating position and adjusts the flow rate according to the curve. If the flame signal is interrupted, the system cuts off the gas and oxygen and sounds an alarm.

[0082] (3) Molten steel heating mode

[0083] When the molten steel in the ladle 5 enters the vacuum tank 4 and the infrared temperature measuring device 15 detects that the temperature of the molten steel is higher than 1350°C:

[0084] The top gun device 1 moves to the combustion and heating position to spray combustion-supporting oxygen and fuel gas;

[0085] The flame UV sensor monitors the top gun flame 3 in real time. After it stabilizes, the flow rate is increased according to the preset curve to ensure uniform heating of the molten steel. If an abnormality is detected, the medium supply is immediately cut off.

[0086] 3. Accessibility and security protection

[0087] Cooling water monitoring: The automatic control system collects cooling water pressure, temperature and flow data in real time. If leakage or blockage (flow difference exceeds the limit) is detected, the gun will be raised immediately and an alarm will be issued;

[0088] Nitrogen purge: After the spraying is completed, nitrogen is injected into the gun body through the nitrogen sealing tube 7 and the sealing channel 8 to remove residual gas and cool the equipment;

[0089] Hydraulic jacking device: When replacing the vacuum tank 4, the hydraulic system jacks up the hot bend pipe 2 to separate from the water-cooling flange 12, which is convenient for quick maintenance.

[0090] 4. Implementation Effect

[0091] This solution achieves fully automatic ignition, precise temperature control and efficient maintenance through multi-sensor collaborative control (infrared temperature measuring device 15, video monitoring device 14, flame ultraviolet light sensor), modular structure (hot bending pipe 2 integrates ignition and monitoring functions) and adaptive operation logic, significantly improving the safety, reliability and production efficiency of the RH vacuum refining process.

[0092] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A RH vacuum tank system, characterized in that: include: The vacuum tank (4) has the functions of vacuum cycle degassing, vacuum alloying and refractory material temperature monitoring; The hot-bend pipe (2) is sealedly connected to the vacuum tank (4) and the main exhaust pipe through water-cooling flanges (12) at both ends; The hot-bent pipe (2) comprises: an automatic ignition device (9) configured to initiate low-temperature ignition when the tank bottom temperature is lower than a set threshold; an infrared temperature measuring device (15) configured to monitor in real time the temperature of the refractory material or the temperature of the molten steel at the bottom of the vacuum tank (4); A video monitoring device (14) is configured to detect the presence state and reaction process of the molten steel in the vacuum tank (4); A top gun hole is provided at the top of the hot-bend pipe (2) and is sealed and connected to the top gun sealing channel (8) via a nitrogen sealing device (7); A thermocouple (13) is embedded in the refractory material (10) on the top wall of the hot-bend pipe (2) and is used to monitor the temperature of the refractory material; The top gun device (1) comprises: The top gun body adopts a water-cooled multi-layer casing structure; The top gun sealing channel (8) is sealed and connected to the top gun hole of the hot bending pipe (2), and is prevented from entering by the nitrogen sealing device (7); The top gun rotating frame and the top gun lifting trolley are configured to drive the top gun body to switch between the oxygen blowing position, the hot bending pipe ignition position, the vacuum tank ignition position, the combustion heating position, the outside tank standby position and the inside tank standby position; A flame ultraviolet light sensor (3), embedded in the head of the gun body and connected to the automatic control system via an electrical cable, monitors the flame status in real time; A vacuum pump system is connected to the hot bending pipe (2) to maintain the vacuum environment of the vacuum tank (4); The automatic control system is connected to an external superior network, receives process instructions and fully automatically controls the spraying operation and ignition process of the top gun device (1); the system integrates a cooling water monitoring function, detects the difference in inlet and return water pressure, temperature and flow rate, triggers an alarm and automatically raises the gun.

2. The RH vacuum tank system according to claim 1, characterized in that The top gun body is provided with a cooling water jacket, a fuel gas / powder passage, an oxygen passage and a flame ultraviolet light sensor passage (3) in sequence from the outside to the inside.

3. The RH vacuum tank system according to claim 1, wherein: The hot-bend pipe (2) includes an inspection and observation hole (11) which is arranged at the end of the hot-bend pipe (2) and is used for cleaning and maintaining the automatic ignition device (9).

4. The RH vacuum tank system according to claim 1, wherein: The top gun device (1) comprises a fuel gas powder input hose, an oxygen input hose and a cooling water inlet and outlet hose, which are respectively connected to corresponding channels of the top gun body, and the flow is adjusted by a top gun control valve station.

5. The RH vacuum tank system according to claim 4, characterized in that The gas powder input hose and the oxygen input hose of the top gun device (1) are linked to the automatic control system through the top gun control valve station to adjust the gas and oxygen flows according to a preset curve.

6. The RH vacuum tank system according to claim 1, wherein: The hot-bend pipe (2) is a U-shaped pipe welded with heat-resistant steel plates, with refractory material (10) built inside, and is separated from the connecting flange (12) by a hydraulic jacking device when the vacuum tank is replaced.

7. The RH vacuum tank system according to claim 1, wherein: The cooling water jacket of the top gun body is provided with an inlet and return water pressure sensor, a temperature sensor (13) and a flow meter. When the inlet and return water flow rate difference exceeds a threshold value, a chain alarm is triggered and the gun is automatically lifted. After the spraying is completed, nitrogen or argon is filled into each channel in the gun body for purging.

8. A combustion heating operation method for an RH vacuum tank system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Low temperature ignition mode When the video monitoring device (14) detects that there is no molten steel in the vacuum tank (4) and the infrared temperature measuring device (15) detects that the temperature of the refractory material at the bottom of the tank is lower than T1: The automatic control system instructs the top gun device (1) to move to the hot-bend pipe ignition position; Activating the automatic ignition device (9) of the hot bending pipe (2) to ignite the pilot flame; The top gun body sprays out combustion-supporting oxygen and fuel gas in low flow in sequence; The flame ultraviolet light sensor (3) detects the flame signal. If the signal is stable, the pilot flame is extinguished, the top gun is lowered to the combustion and heating position, and the gas and oxygen are increased according to the preset curve; if the signal is abnormal, the gas is cut off and an alarm is issued; S2: High temperature spontaneous combustion mode When the video monitoring device (14) detects that there is no molten steel in the vacuum tank (4) and the infrared temperature measuring device (15) detects that the temperature of the refractory material at the bottom of the tank is higher than T2: The automatic control system instructs the top gun device (1) to move to the vacuum tank ignition position; The top gun body sprays out combustion-supporting oxygen and fuel gas in low flow in sequence; The flame ultraviolet light sensor (3) detects the flame signal. If the signal is stable, the flame enters the combustion and heating position and increases the gas and oxygen according to the preset curve; if the signal is abnormal, the gas and oxygen are cut off and an alarm is issued. S3: Molten steel heating mode When the video monitoring device (14) detects that there is molten steel in the vacuum tank (4) and the infrared temperature measuring device (15) detects that the temperature of the molten steel is higher than T3: The automatic control system instructs the top gun device (1) to move to the combustion and heating position; The top gun body sprays out combustion-supporting oxygen and fuel gas in low flow in sequence; The flame ultraviolet light sensor (3) detects the flame signal, and if the signal is stable, increases the fuel gas and oxygen according to a preset curve; If the signal is abnormal, the gas and oxygen will be cut off and an alarm will be issued; Among them, T1∈[500℃, 700℃], T2∈[700℃, 900℃], T3∈[1200℃, 1500℃].

9. The combustion heating operation method of the RH vacuum tank system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The automatic control system receives signals from the flame ultraviolet light sensor (3), the infrared temperature measuring device (15) and the video monitoring device (14) in real time, and dynamically adjusts the flow rates of fuel gas and oxygen to ensure a stable combustion process.

10. The combustion heating operation method of the RH vacuum tank system according to claim 8, characterized in that: T1 is 600℃, T2 is 800℃, and T3 is 1350℃.

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