Mountain irrigation area water resource allocation method and application

Abstract

The invention discloses a hill irrigation area water resource allocation method and application, and the method comprises the steps: firstly, determining an irrigation sheet of water resource supply and demand analysis with the minimum granularity according to the characteristics of a hill irrigation area, combining the water storage, water diversion, water lifting and water transfer projects of the irrigation area, generalizing the topological structure of the hill irrigation area, and obtaining a generalized topological structure diagram of the hill irrigation area; then establishing a hill irrigation area water resource optimization scheduling model according to the hill irrigation area generalization topological structure diagram, and performing optimization solution on the model by using a dual simplex algorithm; respectively carrying out irrigation area social and economic water consumption analysis and irrigation area ecological water consumption analysis, and finally carrying out water balance analysis on the water resource subarea where the irrigation area is located. According to the method, water balance is taken as a basic principle, the natural-social binary water circulation path of the water circulation of the hill irrigation area is coupled in the mathematical equation set, complex simulation sequence coding is avoided, modeling is easy, and the universality is good. The constraint equations are linear, a global optimal solution is easy to seek, and the utilization efficiency of water resources in the hill irrigation area can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water resource optimization and scheduling in hilly irrigation areas, and provides a water resource allocation method and application in hilly irrigation areas. Background Art

[0002] Hilly irrigation areas refer to agricultural irrigation areas located in hilly terrain. Due to their unique geographical and climatic conditions, hilly irrigation areas face complex water resource management challenges. Water resources in hilly irrigation areas often exhibit significant temporal and spatial imbalances, with some areas experiencing abundant water resources but others experiencing relatively scarce water resources. This is particularly true in mountainous regions, where groundwater resources are limited and precipitation and seasonality vary significantly, impacting the stable supply of water resources. Due to the erratic nature of precipitation in hilly areas, irrigation areas face severe water shortages during the dry season. Water supply in these areas largely relies on accumulated water during the rainy season, resulting in greater water pressure in the winter and spring. Agricultural production methods in hilly irrigation areas are often traditional, with many areas relying primarily on monoculture, which places high demands on water resources and low production efficiency, further exacerbating water demand pressures.

[0003] Water resource scheduling in hilly irrigation areas is a crucial measure for reallocating the spatiotemporal distribution of water resources. It allows for a purposeful and planned coordination of the spatiotemporal distribution of water resources and the balance of supply and demand, based on runoff characteristics and reservoir requirements, as water inflow and water use fluctuate. Leveraging the storage and regulation capabilities of reservoirs and ponds in hilly irrigation areas can help address and resolve conflicts between water inflow and water use, as well as between various water-using sectors, optimize the spatiotemporal distribution of water resources, and improve water resource utilization efficiency.

[0004] Currently, commonly used water scheduling models allocate water to each user from upstream to downstream, then automatically find the optimal solution based on an optimization algorithm. However, due to the complexity of canal headworks, pumping stations, diversion gates, and canal systems—main, branch, tributary, and agricultural—in hilly irrigation areas, water resource flow in these areas is not a top-down, gradually converging system similar to a river. Instead, it is a dual water cycle system that couples the natural and social water cycles. The natural water cycle, dominated by rivers, continues to converge from top to bottom. However, the water supply and drainage canal systems in hilly irrigation areas are a complex water cycle, similar to the blood circulation system, initially dispersing and then converging. Therefore, water scheduling models that allocate water to each user from upstream to downstream are difficult to adapt, limiting the efficient use of water resources in hilly irrigation areas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a water resource allocation method for hilly irrigation areas and its application, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A method for water resource scheduling in a hilly irrigation area comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1, based on the characteristics of the hilly irrigation area, determine the irrigation area with the smallest granularity for water resource supply and demand analysis, and generalize the topological structure of the hilly irrigation area by combining the water storage, water diversion, water lifting and water transfer projects in the irrigation area to obtain the generalized topological structure map of the hilly irrigation area;

[0008] S2, based on the generalized topological structure diagram of the hilly irrigation area, establishes a water resource optimization scheduling model for the hilly irrigation area. Its objective function is expressed as:

[0009]

[0010] Among them, obj is the objective function value, q ht is the flow rate of h channel section or river section in time period t, G h is the weight of the canal or river section h, G ij is the weight of water-using industry i in water-using area j, V ijt is the water shortage of industry i in water-using area j during period t, and n is the scheduling period for optimal scheduling of water resources in the irrigation area;

[0011] Constraints include:

[0012] A1, Water balance of reservoirs and mountain ponds:

[0013]

[0014] A2, Storage capacity constraints of reservoirs and mountain ponds:

[0015] Vu li ≤P it ≤Vl li i∈S (3)

[0016] A3, Water balance of the headworks, diversion gates, river channels and channel sections:

[0017]

[0018] A4, water diversion and transfer pipes, main, branch, ditch, agricultural irrigation channels, and river flow capacity constraints:

[0019]

[0020] A5, water supply and demand balance by zone:

[0021]

[0022] A6, water consumption balance of water use zones:

[0023]

[0024] Where: S is the collection of reservoirs and ponds; Q is the collection of canal heads, diversion gates, river channels, and channel sections; W is the collection of water use zones; B is the collection of connections between all nodes, reservoirs, and calculation zones, including water diversion and transfer pipes, main, branch, ditch, agricultural irrigation channels, and river channels; I is the water use industry; D j It is the collection of water storage facilities, river channel sections and downstream river channels of water use zones; U j G is the collection of water storage facilities, river channel sections and upstream river channels of water use zones; i The water-using industry is the weight; V ijt P is the water shortage of industry i in water-using area j during period t; it is the water storage capacity of reservoir i in period t; ΔP it is the storage capacity of reservoir i during period t; E jt Evaporation leakage or water consumption of water use zones; q ht is the flow rate of river channel h during period t; U lh and L lh Vl is the upper and lower limits of the overcurrent capacity of line h; li and Vu li is the upper and lower limits of reservoir capacity; q h2it is the water supply from the channel to industry i during period t; U 2it is the groundwater supply of industry i during period t; it is the water supply of industry i during period t; Ne it is the water demand of industry i in period t; all the above parameters and variables except ΔP it The outer values are greater than or equal to 0;

[0025] The scheduling period and time scale of the water resources optimization scheduling model for hilly irrigation areas are determined based on the analysis of basin meteorological and hydrological data, crop growth characteristics, and water demand at different stages. The time step for scheduling within a year is monthly, the time step for scheduling within a month is ten days, and the time step for scheduling within ten days is daily.

[0026] S3, using the dual simplex algorithm to optimize and solve the model;

[0027] S4. Based on the optimized scheduling of the irrigation district water resources system in S3, the socio-economic water consumption of the irrigation district is analyzed. The economic water consumption within the irrigation district includes urban domestic water consumption Uc, rural domestic water consumption Vc, industrial water consumption Ic, and agricultural water consumption Fc. Agricultural water consumption is composed of evaporation from surface water canals, field water consumption, and groundwater consumption.

[0028] Uc=(1-Ur)×Cc+Ec (8)

[0029] Vc=(1-Rr)×Rc (9)

[0030] Ic=(1-Dr)×Wc+Ei (10)

[0031] Fc=(1-u)×Au×Ep+ Au×u-Ng + Ga - Ri (11)

[0032] Emic = Uc + Vc + Ic + Fc (12)

[0033] Where: Ur is the urban domestic sewage discharge rate, Cc is the urban domestic water consumption, and Ec is the evaporation of the urban domestic water supply canal system; Rr is the rural domestic sewage discharge rate, Rc is the rural domestic water consumption. Rural domestic water use is relatively scattered and most of the discharged sewage is consumed by evaporation, so the water consumption and water consumption are basically equal; Dr is the industrial sewage discharge rate, Wc is the industrial water consumption, and Ei is the evaporation of the industrial water supply canal system; U is the irrigation water utilization coefficient, Au is the gross agricultural surface water supply, Ep is the evaporation ratio coefficient of the canal system water loss, Ng is the net field water consumption to replenish groundwater, Ga is the groundwater extraction supply to agriculture, Ri is the well irrigation regression coefficient, and Emic is the economic water consumption;

[0034] S5: Based on the optimized scheduling of the irrigation district water resources system in S3, an analysis of the ecological water consumption of the irrigation district is conducted. Ecological water consumption is divided into in-channel ecological water consumption and out-channel ecological water consumption. In-channel ecological water consumption includes reservoir evaporation, river evaporation, lake evaporation, and wetland evaporation. Out-channel ecological water consumption includes drainage evaporation, urban ecological water consumption, and groundwater evaporation. Urban ecological water demand is generally small, and the amount of groundwater replenishment is small, so it is considered to be all consumed.

[0035] Ewci=Revc + Wcolo+ Riec (13)

[0036] Ewcoc=Ewac+ Suec (14)

[0037] Ewac = Drainc + Uec (15)

[0038] Twc = Ewci + Ewcoc (16)

[0039] Where: Ewci is the ecological water consumption in the river, Revc is the evaporation of reservoirs, Wcolo is the water consumption in lakes or wetlands, Riec is the evaporation of the river, Ewcoc is the ecological water consumption outside the river, Ewac is the ecological water consumption during human water use, Suec is the evaporation of groundwater, Drainc is the evaporation of drainage, Uec is the ecological water consumption in cities and towns, and Twc is the total ecological water consumption;

[0040] S6: Based on the socio-economic water consumption analysis S4 and the ecological water consumption analysis S5, conduct water balance analysis of the water resource zones where the irrigation area is located;

[0041] The water balance of irrigation district water resources can be summarized as the dynamic balance between local water production, inflow, transfer, consumption, transfer and outflow:

[0042] U br +U sgr + U fu – U sec – T wc – R – U ra =W svar (17)

[0043] T wc =E wac + E wci + S uec (18)

[0044] Where: U br is the water production of the region, including surface water and deducting the groundwater resources that overlap with surface water, U tel is the total ecological water consumption, including artificial ecology and natural ecology, U sec is the socio-economic water consumption, U fu is the amount of water transferred from other basins, U ra To adjust the water output, U sgr Including surface water inflow and groundwater inflow, R is the annual runoff at the basin outlet, including surface water outflow and groundwater lateral discharge, E wac E is the ecological water consumption in the process of human water use. wci is the ecological water consumption in the river, S uec is the evaporation of water, W svar It refers to the water resource storage variable within the basin division, including surface water storage variable and groundwater storage variable.

[0045] Furthermore, in S1, the generalized topological structure diagram of the hill irrigation area can generalize the natural-social dual water cycle characteristics of the hill irrigation area, and can generalize the headwaters, pumping stations, diversion gates, and main, branch, ditch, and agricultural canal systems of the hill irrigation area, as well as the natural river system that gradually converges from top to bottom.

[0046] Furthermore, in S2 and S3, based on the principle of water balance, coupled with the storage capacity constraints of reservoirs and mountain ponds, and the flow capacity constraints of rivers and canals, a multi-objective optimization scheduling model is established with the minimization of water shortage in hilly irrigation areas and the minimization of ecological flow shortage as the scheduling objectives, and the optimization solution is performed using the dual simplex method; the scheduling model covers the natural-social binary water cycle characteristics of hilly irrigation areas in the form of a set of mathematical equations, and the feasible domain of the model solution is a convex set.

[0047] Furthermore, the socio-economic water consumption analysis, ecological water consumption analysis and water balance analysis of the water resource zones in which the irrigation areas are located can be used to calibrate the binary water cycle flux of the hill irrigation areas. First, the water cycle situation under the water resource allocation plan is tested based on the socio-economic water supply of the irrigation areas, and then the natural water cycle process is calibrated based on key hydrological sections.

[0048] Furthermore, the water circulation situation under the water resources allocation plan is tested based on the socio-economic water supply of the irrigation area, and verification is carried out by comparing the socio-economic water consumption of the irrigation area obtained by the model with the evaluation data of the irrigation area water resources development and utilization; the natural water circulation process is calibrated according to the key hydrological sections, and verification is carried out by comparing the simulated runoff of the river hydrological section with the measured runoff.

[0049] The water resources optimization scheduling model of hill irrigation area is established based on the above-mentioned water resources scheduling method of hill irrigation area.

[0050] A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is run, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the above method.

[0051] A computer device, characterized in that the computer device includes a memory, a processor and a program stored and executable on the memory, and the program implements the steps of the above method when executed by the processor.

[0052] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0053] (1) The water scheduling model that distributes water from upstream to downstream water users one by one is difficult to simulate the complex water supply system of hilly irrigation areas. The present invention takes water balance as the basic principle and couples the natural-social binary water cycle path of the hilly irrigation area water cycle into a set of mathematical equations, avoiding complex simulation sequence coding, making modeling easy and having excellent versatility.

[0054] (2) The present invention takes water balance as its basic principle, and all constraint equations are linear, which makes it very easy to find the global optimal solution and can effectively improve the water resource utilization efficiency in hilly irrigation areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] Figure 1 A flow chart of the water resource allocation method for hilly irrigation areas provided by the present invention;

[0056] Figure 2 A water resource optimization scheduling supply and demand balance diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 3 A graph showing changes in water consumption rates for optimized water resource scheduling according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 4 A water consumption percentage chart of various industries in water resource optimization scheduling according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for allocating water resources in a hilly irrigation area, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1. Based on the characteristics of the hilly irrigation area, the irrigation area with the smallest granularity for water resource supply and demand analysis is determined. Combined with the water storage, water diversion, water lifting and water transfer projects in the irrigation area, the topological structure of the hilly irrigation area is generalized to obtain the generalized topological structure map of the hilly irrigation area.

[0062] The generalized topological structure diagram of the hilly irrigation district is simplified and abstracted based on the water resource allocation system of the hilly irrigation district. It consists of three types of elements: nodes (points), water transmission systems (lines), and water resource partitions (surfaces).

[0063] Nodes include water demand nodes, water supply nodes, and water transmission nodes. Water demand nodes include the smallest granularity water use zones, water users, hydropower stations, lakes, wetlands, etc. Water supply nodes include reservoirs, mountain ponds, water diversion hubs, water pumping stations, groundwater wells, and sewage treatment plants. Water transmission nodes include intersections or water diversion points of rivers, tunnels, channels, and long-distance water pipelines, as well as river water quality sections, sections between administrative areas, sections between water resource zones, and water catchments.

[0064] The water transmission system (line) includes natural rivers of natural water circulation and surface water supply pipelines of social water circulation, external water supply pipelines, groundwater supply facilities, sewage treatment and reuse facilities, water lifting facilities, drainage facilities, etc.

[0065] Water resource zones are composed of one or more water use zones at the smallest granularity. The outflow from an upstream water resource zone corresponds to the inflow from a downstream water resource zone. This reflects the relationships between outflow and inflow, water transfers, socioeconomic and ecological water consumption, and water storage variables within a basin's water resource zones.

[0066] The main basis for drawing is the principle of water balance. According to the actual correspondence and logical relationship between the upstream and downstream lines of each node, several directed lines are connected between any two nodes. The water diversion channel (or pipeline), water transfer channel (or pipeline), and water lifting channel (or pipeline) are represented by two groups of lines in the network, reflecting the local surface water transmission relationship; the river is represented by another group of lines in the network, reflecting the river transmission relationship; the drainage, groundwater, recycled water and other transmission systems are represented by several other groups of lines. After the water source passes through the water supply, drainage, and river water transmission of various nodes, it should eventually converge to the water sink. The combination of water supply, water transmission, and drainage lines must be continuous and there must be no interruption. In this way, a generalized topological structure diagram of the hill irrigation area is formed. The production method and steps are as follows:

[0067] A1. Based on the water resources allocation objectives and research questions of the hilly irrigation area, the river system (including river main and tributary and generalized rivers) is drawn in a way close to the actual geographical location of the project area;

[0068] A2. Based on the river system, identify and mark the water resources division sections, administrative division sections, reservoirs, mountain ponds, hydropower stations, water diversion hubs, minimum granularity water use zones, lakes, wetlands, and water catchments in the basin;

[0069] A3, using the smallest granularity to divide water into zones, reservoirs, mountain ponds, water diversion hubs, lakes, wetlands and other nodes, including surface water supply pipelines, water diversion pipelines, external water supply pipelines, recycled water supply pipelines, and drainage pipelines;

[0070] A4, outline the boundaries of the water resources zones of the river basin, and only generalize one section for each water resources zone;

[0071] A6. Repeatedly check and modify the generalized topological structure map of the hill irrigation area until it meets the requirements.

[0072] S2, based on the generalized topological structure diagram of the hilly irrigation area, establishes a water resource optimization scheduling model for the hilly irrigation area. Its objective function is expressed as:

[0073]

[0074] Among them, obj is the objective function value, q ht is the flow rate of the canal or river section in time period t, G h is the weight of the canal or river section h, G ij The weight of water-using industry i in water-using area j is V ijt is the water shortage of industry i in water-using area j during period t, and n is the scheduling period for optimal scheduling of water resources in the irrigation area.

[0075] Constraints include:

[0076] A1, Water balance of water storage facilities such as reservoirs and mountain ponds:

[0077]

[0078] A2, Storage capacity constraints of reservoirs, mountain ponds and other water storage facilities:

[0079] Vu li ≤P it ≤Vl li i∈S (3)

[0080] A3, Water balance of the headworks, diversion gates, river channels and channel sections:

[0081]

[0082] A4, water diversion and transfer pipes, main, branch, ditch, agricultural irrigation channels, and river flow capacity constraints:

[0083]

[0084] A5, water supply and demand balance by zone:

[0085]

[0086] A6, water consumption balance of water use zones:

[0087]

[0088] Where: S is the collection of water storage facilities such as mountain ponds and reservoirs; Q is the collection of canal heads, diversion gates, river channels and channel sections; W is the collection of water use zones; B is the collection of connections between all nodes, reservoirs and calculation zones, including water diversion and transfer pipes, main, branch, ditch and agricultural irrigation channels, and river channels; I is the water use industry; D j It is the collection of water storage facilities, river channel sections and downstream river channels of water use zones; U j G is the collection of water storage facilities, river channel sections and upstream river channels of water use zones; i The water-using industry is the weight; V ijt P is the water shortage of industry i in water-using area j during period t; it is the water storage capacity of reservoir i in period t; ΔP it is the storage capacity of reservoir i during period t; E jt Evaporation leakage or water consumption of water use zones; q ht is the flow rate of river channel h during period t; U lh and L lh Vl is the upper and lower limits of the overcurrent capacity of line h; li and Vu li is the upper and lower limits of reservoir capacity; q h2it is the water supply from the channel to industry i during period t; U 2itis the groundwater supply of industry i during period t; it is the water supply of industry i during period t; Ne it is the water demand of industry i in period t. All the above parameters and variables except ΔP it All other values are greater than or equal to 0.

[0089] The scheduling period and time scale of the water resources optimization scheduling model for hilly irrigation areas are determined based on the analysis of basin meteorological and hydrological data, crop growth characteristics, and water demand at different stages. The time step for scheduling within a year is monthly, the time step for scheduling within a month is ten days, and the time step for scheduling within ten days is daily. The specific modeling process is as follows:

[0090] B1. Input of basic elements of hilly irrigation districts. Encode the administrative divisions, water resource divisions, minimum granularity water use divisions, reservoirs, ponds, canal headworks, diversion gates, river sections, water demand department classification, water source classification, and calculation period information of the hilly irrigation districts and input them into the model in a set form.

[0091] B2. Input of the natural-social water cycle in hilly irrigation areas. Surface water channels, external water transfer channels, water lifting channels, main irrigation channels, irrigation branch channels, irrigation ditches, agricultural channels, rivers, and drainage channels were encoded and input into the model as a set. The following were linked in sequence as a two-dimensional set: ① Surface water channels, external water transfer channels, water lifting channels, rivers, and drainage channels upstream of reservoirs and mountain ponds; Surface water channels, external water transfer channels, water lifting channels, main irrigation channels, irrigation branch channels, irrigation ditches, agricultural channels, and rivers downstream of mountain ponds; ② Surface water channels, external water transfer channels, water lifting channels, rivers, and drainage channels upstream of channel heads, diversion gates, and river sections; Surface water channels, external water transfer channels, water lifting channels, main irrigation channels, irrigation branch channels, irrigation ditches, agricultural channels, and rivers downstream; ③ Surface water channels, external water transfer channels, water lifting channels, main irrigation channels, irrigation branch channels, irrigation ditches, agricultural channels, and rivers upstream of the minimum granularity water supply area; ③ Surface water channels, external water transfer channels, water lifting channels, main irrigation channels, irrigation branch channels, irrigation ditches, agricultural channels, and drainage channels upstream of the minimum granularity water supply area; ③ Surface water channels, external water transfer channels, water lifting channels, main irrigation channels, irrigation branch channels, irrigation ditches, agricultural channels, and drainage channels downstream of the minimum granularity water supply area.

[0092] B3. Input of characteristic parameters of the natural-social water cycle connection in hilly irrigation areas, including engineering characteristic parameters of surface water channels, external water transfer channels, water lifting channels, irrigation main channels, irrigation branch channels, irrigation ditches, irrigation agricultural channels, drainage channels, and river channels.

[0093] B4, minimum granularity water use zoning information input, including time period water demand process, sewage treatment parameters, irrigation water utilization coefficient, groundwater availability, etc.

[0094] B5. Input information of reservoirs and ponds in hilly irrigation areas, including reservoir characteristic parameters, reservoir and node inflow, etc.

[0095] In step S3, the model was optimized using the dual simplex algorithm. Based on the last two to three years of water supply and use data from existing hilly irrigation areas, multiple optimization runs were performed to determine the model parameters, primarily including the time-phased water supply for the canal headworks, diversion gates, and groundwater extraction equipment. Surface water and groundwater supply were referenced to the last two to three years of extraction data from the smallest granularity water use zones, and the water deficit for each water use zone was determined.

[0096] S4: Based on the optimized scheduling of the irrigation district's water resources system in S3, an analysis of the district's socioeconomic water consumption is conducted. Economic water consumption within the irrigation district includes urban domestic water consumption (Uc), rural domestic water consumption (Vc), industrial water consumption (Ic), and agricultural water consumption (Fc). Agricultural water consumption is composed of evaporation from surface water canals, field water consumption, and groundwater consumption.

[0097] Uc=(1-Ur)×Cc+Ec (8)

[0098] Vc=(1-Rr)×Rc (9)

[0099] Ic=(1-Dr)×Wc+Ei (10)

[0100] Fc=(1-u)×Au×Ep+ Au×u-Ng + Ga - Ri (11)

[0101] Emic = Uc + Vc + Ic + Fc (12)

[0102] Where: Ur is the urban domestic sewage discharge rate, Cc is the urban domestic water consumption, and Ec is the evaporation of the urban domestic water supply canal system; Rr is the rural domestic sewage discharge rate, Rc is the rural domestic water consumption. Rural domestic water use is relatively scattered and most of the discharged sewage is consumed by evaporation, so the water consumption and water consumption are basically equal; Dr is the industrial sewage discharge rate, Wc is the industrial water consumption, and Ei is the evaporation of the industrial water supply canal system; U is the irrigation water utilization coefficient, Au is the gross agricultural surface water supply, Ep is the evaporation ratio coefficient of the canal system water loss, Ng is the net field water consumption to replenish groundwater, Ga is the groundwater extraction supply to agriculture, Ri is the well irrigation regression coefficient, and Emic is the economic water consumption.

[0103] Based on the supply, use, consumption and discharge results of the water resources development and utilization evaluation in hilly irrigation areas, the domestic water consumption rate, industrial and tertiary industry water consumption rate, agricultural water consumption rate and economic water consumption rate of each water resource zone are determined; the urban domestic sewage discharge rate, rural domestic sewage discharge rate, industrial sewage discharge rate, irrigation water utilization coefficient and canal water loss evaporation ratio coefficient are adjusted; the water consumption rate of each industry in each water resource zone is calculated to be consistent with the evaluation value, and the economic water consumption is obtained.

[0104] S5: Based on the optimized scheduling of the irrigation district's water resources system in S3, an analysis of ecological water consumption in the irrigation district is conducted. Ecological water consumption is divided into in-stream ecological water consumption and out-stream ecological water consumption. In-stream ecological water consumption includes evaporation from reservoirs, rivers, lakes, and wetlands; out-stream ecological water consumption includes drainage evaporation, urban ecological water consumption, and groundwater evaporation. Urban ecological water demand is generally small, and the amount of groundwater replenishment is also small, so it is considered to be fully consumed.

[0105] Ewci=Revc + Wcolo+ Riec (13)

[0106] Ewcoc=Ewac+ Suec (14)

[0107] Ewac = Drainc + Uec (15)

[0108] Twc = Ewci + Ewcoc (16)

[0109] Where: Ewci is the ecological water consumption in the river, Revc is the evaporation from reservoirs, Wcolo is the water consumption from lakes or wetlands, Riec is the evaporation from the river, Ewcoc is the ecological water consumption outside the river, Ewac is the ecological water consumption during human water use, Suec is the evaporation from groundwater, Drainc is the evaporation from drainage, Uec is the ecological water consumption in cities and towns, and Twc is the total ecological water consumption.

[0110] Based on the measured runoff and natural runoff at the hydrological stations in the past 3 to 5 years, and on the basis of the calculation results of social and economic water consumption, the evaporation and leakage ratio coefficients of each channel are adjusted, and the ecological water consumption within the basin division is calculated, and then the discharge volume of the main control sections of the basin is determined to make it consistent with the data of the hydrological stations.

[0111] S6. Based on the socio-economic water consumption analysis S4 and the ecological water consumption analysis S5, water balance analysis of the water resource zones in the irrigation area is conducted.

[0112] The water balance of irrigation district water resources can be summarized as the dynamic balance between local water production, inflow, transfer, consumption, transfer, and outflow, as shown in Equations (17) and (18).

[0113] U br +U sgr + U fu – U sec – T wc – R – U ra =W svar (17)

[0114] T wc =E wac + Ewci + S uec (18)

[0115] Where: U br is the water production of the region, including surface water and deducting the groundwater resources that overlap with surface water, U tel is the total ecological water consumption, including artificial ecology and natural ecology, U sec is the socio-economic water consumption. fu is the amount of water transferred from other basins, U ra To adjust the water output, U sgr Including surface water inflow and groundwater inflow, R is the annual runoff at the basin outlet, including surface water outflow and groundwater lateral discharge, E wac E is the ecological water consumption in the process of human water use. wci is the ecological water consumption in the river, S uec W is the amount of evaporation from diving. svar It refers to the water resource storage variable within the basin division, including surface water storage variable and groundwater storage variable.

[0116] In areas where regional groundwater levels are not declining, the multi-year average water storage variable for each water resource zone approaches zero. Due to uncertainties and various errors, water storage variables should be controlled within a certain equilibrium difference. If this is not met, adjustments should be made. In areas of groundwater overexploitation, water storage variables should be comprehensively determined within the basin zone.

[0117] Error Control for Optimizing Water Resources Scheduling in Hilly Irrigation Districts. Optimizing water resources scheduling in hilly irrigation districts involves a complex array of factors, including precipitation runoff, evaporation, soil and water conservation, water resource development and utilization, industrial and agricultural production, and urbanization. During water resource scheduling simulations, these factors interact with each other, and even a single influencing factor not properly accounted for can impact water resource allocation. Furthermore, within river basins with upstream and downstream transmission relationships, various errors can gradually accumulate from upstream to downstream areas through flow transmission, significantly impacting the water resource allocation pattern. By utilizing the water balance relationships of water resource zoning, with basin control sections or measured runoff data as the primary control basis, we control the accumulation of various errors from upstream to downstream areas, ensuring that water resource optimization simulations closely reflect the actual water resource situation in hilly irrigation districts and enabling rational water resource allocation.

[0118] The water resources optimization scheduling model of hill irrigation area is established based on the above-mentioned water resources scheduling method of hill irrigation area.

[0119] A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is run, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the above method.

[0120] A computer device, characterized in that the computer device includes a memory, a processor and a program stored and executable on the memory, and the program implements the steps of the above method when executed by the processor.

[0121] The present invention addresses the complexity of canal headworks, pumping stations, diversion gates, and canal systems such as main, branch, ditch, and agricultural canals in hilly irrigation areas. This allows the flow of water resources in the irrigation area to be not a system that gradually converges from top to bottom, similar to a river, but rather a dual circulation system for irrigation area water resources that couples the natural and social water circulation systems. The natural water circulation system, with rivers as the main body, still gradually converges from top to bottom. The water supply and drainage canal systems in hilly irrigation areas are a complex water circulation system similar to the blood circulation system, which first gradually disperses and then gradually converges. Therefore, the water scheduling model that allocates water to each water user from upstream to downstream is difficult to adapt, limiting the efficiency of water resource utilization in hilly irrigation areas.

[0122] The water resource allocation method used in the hilly irrigation area of the present invention is based on the binary model of the natural and artificial lateral circulation evolution of water resources in the hilly irrigation area. It consists of a water resource optimization and scheduling system for the water storage facility group in the mountainous irrigation area and an irrigation area water consumption balance analysis system. It can reasonably control and allocate the ratio of social and economic water consumption to ecological and environmental water consumption in the hilly irrigation area, and use the storage, diversion and regulation projects in the mountainous irrigation area as a link to efficiently distribute water resources to various water users in the irrigation area, thereby promoting the efficient use of water resources in the hilly irrigation area.

[0123] Example

[0124] This paper uses the Chongqing Rongchang Hilly Irrigation District as an example to simulate and analyze water resource optimization scheduling in this hilly irrigation district using the method described in this paper. The Chongqing Rongchang Hilly Irrigation District covers a large area, with numerous influencing factors and complex conditions. Application results demonstrate the feasibility and versatility of this method.

[0125] Rongchang Hill Irrigation District is located in the western part of Chongqing City, with an area of 1076.71 km 2, with 6 sub-district offices and 15 towns. The Rongchang Hills Irrigation District is divided into two water resource zones: the Qingliu River Basin and the Lesixi River Basin; the district's administrative divisions include 6 sub-district offices and 15 towns. Renyi, Hebao, and Panlong Towns in Rongchang District belong to the Qingliu and Lesixi River Basins, respectively. Urban and rural life and production are divided into 48 independent calculation units based on Rongchang's administrative divisions. The irrigation areas of Rongchang District's reservoirs are divided into 24 independent calculation units; and agricultural irrigation in Rongchang District's townships and sub-district offices is divided into 23 independent calculation units. Therefore, the Rongchang Hills Irrigation District has a total of 95 minimum granularity water use zones. All large, medium, and small reservoirs within the Rongchang District irrigation area are treated as independent reservoir nodes, including existing and planned reservoirs, totaling 104. To facilitate water consumption balance analysis within the water resource zones, water resource zone section control nodes are set at the outlet sections of each water resource zone. Water supply nodes are determined based on the actual water supply and water receiving unit conditions. Based on reservoir nodes, cross-section control nodes, and water supply nodes, a total of 113 control nodes were identified. Based on the above analysis and generalization, a system network diagram was determined, including two water resource zones, 21 administrative zones, 95 minimum granularity water use zones, 113 control nodes, and 104 reservoirs and mountain ponds.

[0126] Based on the generalization of the topological structure of water resource optimization scheduling in hilly irrigation areas, the present invention uses S2 to perform computer modeling, uses S3 to perform optimization solution, and performs supply and demand balance analysis ( Figure 2 ); then conduct socio-economic water consumption analysis and irrigation basin water balance analysis ( Figure 3 and Figure 4 ).

[0127] By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution disclosed in the present invention, the following beneficial effects are achieved: The water resource allocation method used in the hilly irrigation area is based on the binary model of the evolution of natural and artificial lateral circulation of water resources in the hilly irrigation area, and is composed of a water resource optimization and scheduling system for the water storage facility group in the mountainous irrigation area and an irrigation area water consumption balance analysis system. The constraint equations of the present invention are all linear, making it extremely easy to find the global optimal solution. It can reasonably control and allocate the ratio of socioeconomic water consumption and ecological water consumption in the hilly irrigation area. Using the storage, diversion and regulation projects within the mountainous irrigation area as a link, water resources are efficiently distributed to various water users in the irrigation area, promoting the efficient utilization of water resources in the hilly irrigation area. Application examples also show that the present invention has good versatility and can be applied to water resource optimization and scheduling calculations in different types of hilly irrigation areas.

[0128] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product, the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present invention is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.)) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape) or an optical medium.

[0129] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for water resource scheduling in a hilly irrigation area, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, based on the characteristics of the hilly irrigation area, determine the irrigation area with the smallest granularity for water resource supply and demand analysis, and generalize the topological structure of the hilly irrigation area by combining the water storage, water diversion, water lifting and water transfer projects in the irrigation area to obtain the generalized topological structure map of the hilly irrigation area; S2, based on the generalized topological structure diagram of the hilly irrigation area, establishes a water resource optimization scheduling model for the hilly irrigation area. Its objective function is expressed as: Among them, obj is the objective function value, q ht is the flow rate of h channel section or river section in time period t, G h is the weight of the canal or river section h, G ij is the weight of water-using industry i in water-using area j, V ijt is the water shortage of industry i in water-using area j during period t, and n is the scheduling period for optimal scheduling of water resources in the irrigation area; Constraints include: A1, Water balance of reservoirs and mountain ponds: A2, Storage capacity constraints of reservoirs and mountain ponds: From li ≤P it ≤Vl li i∈S (3) A3, Water balance of the headworks, diversion gates, river channels and channel sections: A4, water diversion and transfer pipes, main, branch, ditch, agricultural irrigation channels, and river flow capacity constraints: IN lh ≤q ht ≤l lh h∈B (5) A5, water supply and demand balance by zone: A6, water consumption balance of water use zones: Where: S is the collection of reservoirs and ponds; Q is the collection of canal heads, diversion gates, river channels, and channel sections; W is the collection of water use zones; B is the collection of connections between all nodes, reservoirs, and calculation zones, including water diversion and transfer pipes, main, branch, ditch, agricultural irrigation channels, and river channels; I is the water use industry; D j It is the collection of water storage facilities, river channel sections and downstream river channels of water use zones; U j G is the collection of water storage facilities, river channel sections and upstream river channels of water use zones; i The water-using industry is the weight; V ijt P is the water shortage of industry i in water-using area j during period t; it is the water storage capacity of reservoir i in period t; ΔP it is the storage capacity of reservoir i during period t; E jt Evaporation leakage or water consumption of water use zones; q ht is the flow rate of river channel h during period t; U lh and L lh Vl is the upper and lower limits of the overcurrent capacity of line h; li and Vu li is the upper and lower limits of reservoir capacity; q h2it is the water supply from the channel to industry i during period t; U 2it is the groundwater supply of industry i during period t; it is the water supply of industry i during period t; Ne it is the water demand of industry i in period t; all the above parameters and variables except ΔP it The outer values are greater than or equal to 0; The scheduling period and time scale of the water resources optimization scheduling model for hilly irrigation areas are determined based on the analysis of basin meteorological and hydrological data, crop growth characteristics, and water demand at different stages. The time step for scheduling within a year is monthly, the time step for scheduling within a month is ten days, and the time step for scheduling within ten days is daily. S3, using the dual simplex algorithm to optimize and solve the model; S4. Based on the optimized scheduling of the irrigation district water resources system in S3, the socio-economic water consumption of the irrigation district is analyzed. The economic water consumption within the irrigation district includes urban domestic water consumption Uc, rural domestic water consumption Vc, industrial water consumption Ic, and agricultural water consumption Fc. Agricultural water consumption is composed of evaporation from surface water canals, field water consumption, and groundwater consumption. Uc=(1-Ur)×Cc+Ec (8) Vc=(1-Rr)×Rc (9) Ic=(1-Dr)×Wc+Ei (10) Fc=(1-u)×Au×Ep+ Au×u-Ng + Ga - Ri (11) Emic = Uc + Vc + Ic + Fc (12) Where: Ur is the urban domestic sewage discharge rate, Cc is the urban domestic water consumption, and Ec is the evaporation of the urban domestic water supply canal system; Rr is the rural domestic sewage discharge rate, Rc is the rural domestic water consumption. Rural domestic water use is relatively scattered and most of the discharged sewage is consumed by evaporation, so the water consumption and water consumption are basically equal; Dr is the industrial sewage discharge rate, Wc is the industrial water consumption, and Ei is the evaporation of the industrial water supply canal system; U is the irrigation water utilization coefficient, Au is the gross agricultural surface water supply, Ep is the evaporation ratio coefficient of the canal system water loss, Ng is the net field water consumption to replenish groundwater, Ga is the groundwater extraction supply to agriculture, Ri is the well irrigation regression coefficient, and Emic is the economic water consumption; S5: Based on the optimized scheduling of the irrigation district water resources system in S3, an analysis of the ecological water consumption of the irrigation district is conducted. Ecological water consumption is divided into in-channel ecological water consumption and out-channel ecological water consumption. In-channel ecological water consumption includes reservoir evaporation, river evaporation, lake evaporation, and wetland evaporation. Out-channel ecological water consumption includes drainage evaporation, urban ecological water consumption, and groundwater evaporation. Urban ecological water demand is generally small, and the amount of groundwater replenishment is small, so it is considered to be all consumed. Ewci=Revc + Wcolo+ Riec (13) Ewcoc=Ewac+ Suec (14) Ewac = Drainc + Uec (15) Twc = Ewci + Ewcoc (16) Where: Ewci is the ecological water consumption in the river, Revc is the evaporation of reservoirs, Wcolo is the water consumption in lakes or wetlands, Riec is the evaporation of the river, Ewcoc is the ecological water consumption outside the river, Ewac is the ecological water consumption during human water use, Suec is the evaporation of groundwater, Drainc is the evaporation of drainage, Uec is the ecological water consumption in cities and towns, and Twc is the total ecological water consumption; S6: Based on the socio-economic water consumption analysis S4 and the ecological water consumption analysis S5, conduct water balance analysis of the water resource zones where the irrigation area is located; The water balance of irrigation district water resources can be summarized as the dynamic balance between local water production, inflow, transfer, consumption, transfer and outflow: U br +U sgr + U fu – U sec – T wc – R – U ra =W svar (17) T wc =E wac + E wci + S uec (18) Where: U br is the water production of the region, including surface water and deducting the groundwater resources that overlap with surface water, U tel is the total ecological water consumption, including artificial ecology and natural ecology, U sec is the socio-economic water consumption, U fu is the amount of water transferred from other basins, U ra To adjust the water output, U sgr Including surface water inflow and groundwater inflow, R is the annual runoff at the basin outlet, including surface water outflow and groundwater lateral discharge, E wac E is the ecological water consumption in the process of human water use. wci is the ecological water consumption in the river, S uec is the evaporation of water, W svar It refers to the water resource storage variable within the basin division, including surface water storage variable and groundwater storage variable.

2. The method for water resource scheduling in hilly irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the generalized topological structure diagram of the hilly irrigation area can generalize the natural-social dual water cycle characteristics of the hilly irrigation area, and can generalize the headwaters, pumping stations, diversion gates, and main, branch, ditch, and agricultural canal systems of the hilly irrigation area, as well as the natural river system that gradually converges from top to bottom.

3. The method for water resource scheduling in hilly irrigation areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S2 and S3, based on the principle of water balance, coupled with the storage capacity constraints of reservoirs and mountain ponds and the flow capacity constraints of rivers and canals, and with the minimization of water shortage in hilly irrigation areas and the minimization of ecological flow shortage as the scheduling objectives, a multi-objective optimization scheduling model is established, and the dual simplex method is used for optimization and solution; the scheduling model covers the natural-social dual water cycle characteristics of hilly irrigation areas in the form of a set of mathematical equations, and the feasible domain of the model solution is a convex set.

4. The method for water resource scheduling in hilly irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis of the socio-economic water consumption in the irrigation area, the analysis of the ecological water consumption in the irrigation area and the water balance analysis of the water resource zone where the irrigation area is located can be used to calibrate the binary water cycle flux in the hill irrigation area. First, the water cycle situation under the water resource allocation plan is tested according to the socio-economic water supply of the irrigation area, and then the natural water cycle process is calibrated according to the key hydrological sections.

5. The method for water resource scheduling in hilly irrigation areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The water circulation situation under the water resources allocation plan is tested according to the socio-economic water supply of the irrigation area, and the verification is carried out by comparing the socio-economic water consumption of the irrigation area obtained by the model with the evaluation data of the water resources development and utilization of the irrigation area; the natural water circulation process is calibrated according to the key hydrological sections, and the calibration is carried out by comparing the simulated runoff of the river hydrological section with the measured runoff.

6. A hill irrigation district water resources optimization scheduling model established according to the hill irrigation district water resources scheduling method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed, the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located is controlled to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A computer device, characterized in that: The computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a program stored and executable on the memory, and when the program is executed by the processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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