Flotation column-flotation machine combined recovery method for sandstone type zinc oxide ore

Abstract

The invention relates to a flotation column-flotation machine combined recovery method for sandstone type zinc oxide ore, and belongs to the technical field of mineral processing. According to the method, firstly, the mineral surface property and the ore pulp environment are precisely regulated and controlled through the combined inhibitor and the combined collecting agent, gangue mineral floating is blocked from the front end, and selective hydrophobic strengthening is achieved on zinc oxide mineral; and then roughing is carried out twice through the flotation column, efficient recovery of zinc minerals can be achieved without scavenging, high-quality zinc oxide concentrates can be produced by carrying out concentration twice through the flotation machine, and efficient recovery of coarse-grain-level and micro-grain-level zinc oxide minerals is achieved through the short-process technology. Based on collaborative optimization of flotation equipment and a reagent system, the technical advantages of a flotation column and a flotation machine in the sandstone type zinc oxide ore separation process are effectively integrated, and the selective regulation and control effect of a combined reagent on flotation indexes, foam stability, fluidity and viscosity is fully exerted; and the flotation efficiency and the recovery rate of the sandstone type zinc oxide ore are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a flotation column-flotation machine combined recovery method for sandstone type zinc oxide ore, belonging to the technical field of mineral processing. Background Art

[0002] Sandstone-type zinc oxide ore is a zinc oxide ore mainly composed of siliceous gangue. The zinc minerals are finely embedded and have a dense symbiotic structure with the siliceous minerals. This resource endowment results in poor separation indicators obtained by traditional flotation processes, which seriously restricts the industrial utilization of this type of ore. Sulfide amine flotation is a commonly used separation process for zinc oxide ore, but the mud minerals in the slurry will consume amine collectors and are not selectively adsorbed on the mineral surface, making it difficult for the collector to target the zinc oxide minerals. In addition, the mud minerals that adsorb the collector adhere to the mineralized foam, forming an ultra-stable foam layer, which not only increases the circulation of the middlings, but also makes the flotation process difficult to control due to the poor fluidity of the foam, affecting production operations. There is an urgent need to develop new reagents to regulate the slurry environment and the flotation process.

[0003] Zinc oxide ore is typically sorted using flotation cells. These machines use mechanical agitation to create turbulent slurry, suspending the ore particles and mixing with reagents. The zinc oxide mineral particles are then separated by bubbles adhering to them. The zinc minerals in sandstone-type zinc oxide ores are often unevenly distributed, containing not only coarse-grained zinc oxide minerals but also a significant amount of fine-grained zinc oxide minerals. When flotation cells are used for sorting, the high-speed agitation of the impellers creates strong turbulence, which can cause the coarse-grained zinc oxide minerals, which have weak bubble-mineral bonds, to fall off. Furthermore, due to the short contact time between fine-grained zinc oxide minerals and their low probability of attachment, their effective recovery is difficult. Furthermore, using traditional flotation cells to sort sandstone-type zinc oxide ores requires a large number of flotation cells, resulting in a complex process flow, a large footprint, and difficult operation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new processes to optimize the flotation process and achieve efficient recovery of all particle sizes of sandstone-type zinc oxide ores. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention addresses the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a combined flotation column-flotation machine recovery method for sandstone-type zinc oxide ore. First, the mineral surface properties and slurry environment are precisely controlled by combining a depressant and a collector, not only blocking the flotation of gangue minerals from the front end but also achieving selective hydrophobic enhancement of the zinc oxide minerals. Then, two roughing operations are performed on the flotation column, eliminating the need for scavenging to achieve efficient recovery of zinc minerals. Two concentration operations on the flotation machine produce high-quality zinc oxide concentrate, achieving efficient recovery of coarse and fine-grained zinc oxide minerals in a short process. The present invention utilizes a coordinated configuration of flotation columns and flotation machines, employing flotation columns for roughing to ensure effective recovery of coarse and fine-grained zinc oxide minerals. The flotation machine then uses strong turbulent flow to enhance impurity removal in the coarse concentrate, significantly shortening the process and improving the concentrate grade and recovery rate.

[0005] A flotation column-flotation machine combined recovery method for sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, the specific steps are as follows: (1) The sandstone-type zinc oxide ore is slurried to a slurry mass percentage concentration of 26-36%, and a combined sulfiding agent, a combined depressant and a combined collector are added in sequence, and a primary flotation column roughing operation is performed in a flotation column to obtain a primary flotation column roughing concentrate and a primary flotation column roughing tailings; (2) adding a combined sulfiding agent, a combined depressant, and a combined collector to the primary flotation column roughing tailings obtained in step (1) in sequence, and performing a secondary flotation column roughing operation in the flotation column to obtain a secondary flotation column roughing concentrate and a secondary flotation column roughing tailings; (3) combining the primary flotation column roughing concentrate obtained in step (1) and the secondary flotation column roughing concentrate obtained in step (2), adding a combined depressant and a combined collector, and performing a primary flotation concentrating operation in a flotation machine to obtain a primary flotation concentrating concentrate and a primary flotation concentrating tailings, wherein the primary flotation concentrating tailings are returned for slurrying and incorporated into the secondary flotation column roughing operation; (4) The primary flotation concentrate obtained in step (3) is slurried and then subjected to secondary flotation concentrating operation in the flotation machine to obtain secondary flotation concentrate and secondary flotation tailings, wherein the secondary flotation tailings are returned for slurrying and incorporated into the primary flotation concentrating operation; the secondary flotation concentrate is flotation zinc concentrate, and the secondary flotation column roughing tailings are flotation tailings; The combined vulcanizing agent is a mixture of sodium sulfide and sodium hydrosulfide, the combined inhibitor is a mixture of water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate and lignin ammonium, and the combined collector is a mixture of dodecylamine acetate, sodium coconut sulfate, N-lauryldiethanolamine and dodecylbis(hydroxyethyl)methylammonium chloride.

[0006] Preferably, the mass percentage content of zinc in the sandstone-type zinc oxide ore in step (1) is 4.7-9.3%.

[0007] Preferably, per ton of sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, 5500-8500 g of combined sulfiding agent, 600-1500 g of combined depressant and 240-360 g of combined collector are added to the ore pulp of the primary flotation column roughing operation in step (1).

[0008] Preferably, per ton of sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, 1100-1700 g of combined sulfiding agent, 200-500 g of combined depressant and 80-120 g of combined collector are added to the ore pulp of the secondary flotation column roughing operation in step (2).

[0009] Preferably, based on each ton of sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, 100-250 g of the combined depressant and 40-60 g of the combined collector are added to the ore pulp of the flotation machine concentration operation in step (3).

[0010] Preferably, based on the mass fraction of the combined vulcanizing agent being 100%, sodium sulfide accounts for 45-65% and sodium hydrosulfide accounts for 35-55% of the combined vulcanizing agent.

[0011] Preferably, based on the mass fraction of the combined inhibitor being 100%, the combined inhibitor comprises 30-50% water glass, 25-45% sodium hexametaphosphate, and 15-35% lignin ammonium.

[0012] Preferably, based on the mass fraction of the combined collector being 100%, the combined collector comprises 25-35% dodecylamine acetate, 35-45% sodium coconut sulfate, 10-20% N-lauryldiethanolamine, and 10-20% dodecylbis(hydroxyethyl)methylammonium chloride.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The present invention is based on the coordinated configuration of flotation columns and flotation machines, effectively integrating the technical advantages of the two devices in the separation process of sandstone-type zinc oxide ores, thereby simplifying the flotation process; the flotation columns are used to implement two roughing operations, and the efficient recovery of zinc ore can be completed without the need for scavenging; the flotation machines are used to carry out two concentration operations, thereby producing high-quality zinc oxide concentrate, thus solving the problems of low flotation efficiency, lengthy process and poor separation index in traditional processes, and realizing a short-process and efficient separation of sandstone-type zinc oxide ores; (2) The present invention adds a combined inhibitor to selectively act on the sandstone-type zinc oxide ore. On the one hand, it promotes mineral dispersion by enhancing the electrostatic repulsion between particles, effectively weakening the coverage of the mineral mud on the surface of the zinc oxide mineral; on the other hand, it strengthens the masking of the active sites on the surface of the gangue mineral, thereby inhibiting the non-selective adsorption of the subsequently added collector on the gangue surface. The front-end control strategy blocks the floating of the gangue particles, significantly improves the grade of the zinc concentrate, and realizes the precise control and index optimization of the sorting process. (3) The present invention achieves selective hydrophobic enhancement of zinc oxide minerals in the ore by developing a combined collector, effectively expanding the floatability difference between zinc oxide minerals and gangue minerals; at the same time, it can optimize the physical properties of flotation foam, improve foam stability, fluidity and viscosity, so that it can not only efficiently carry mineral particles in the flotation column and flotation machine, but also promote the timely rupture of foam and discharge of ore, which not only greatly improves the flotation efficiency and recovery rate of sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, but also reduces the amount of flotation reagents used; (4) The present invention is based on the coordinated optimization of flotation equipment and reagent system, which can not only effectively capture coarse-grained zinc oxide minerals in sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, but also strengthen the stable attachment of fine-grained zinc oxide minerals and bubbles by taking advantage of the long residence time of bubbles in the flotation column, thereby improving its flotation effect; through the coupling design of this equipment and process, the efficient recovery of full-grained zinc oxide minerals can be achieved with a short process, providing an innovative technical path for the development and utilization of such resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents described above.

[0016] In the following examples of the present invention, the combined vulcanizing agent is a mixture of sodium sulfide and sodium bisulfide, the combined inhibitor is a mixture of water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate, and lignin ammonium, and the combined collector is a mixture of dodecylamine acetate, sodium coconut sulfate, N-lauryldiethanolamine, and dodecylbis(hydroxyethyl)methylammonium chloride.

[0017] Example 1: In this example, based on the mass fraction of the combined vulcanizing agent being 100%, sodium sulfide accounts for 45% and sodium hydrosulfide accounts for 55% of the combined vulcanizing agent; based on the mass fraction of the combined inhibitor being 100%, water glass accounts for 30%, sodium hexametaphosphate accounts for 35%, and lignin accounts for 35% of the combined inhibitor; based on the mass fraction of the combined collector being 100%, dodecylamine acetate accounts for 25%, sodium coconut sulfate accounts for 40%, N-lauryldiethanolamine accounts for 15%, and dodecylbis(hydroxyethyl)methylammonium chloride accounts for 20% of the combined collector; like Figure 1 As shown, a flotation column-flotation machine combined recovery method for sandstone-type zinc oxide ore has the following specific steps: (1) The sandstone type zinc oxide ore is slurried to a slurry mass percentage concentration of 26%, and a combined sulfiding agent, a combined depressant and a combined collector are added in sequence, and a primary flotation column roughing operation is carried out in a flotation column to obtain a primary flotation column roughing concentrate and a primary flotation column roughing tailings; wherein the mass percentage content of zinc in the sandstone type zinc oxide ore is 4.7%; based on each ton of sandstone type zinc oxide ore, 5500g of the combined sulfiding agent, 600g of the combined depressant and 240g of the combined collector are added to the slurry of the primary flotation column roughing operation; (2) adding a combined sulfiding agent, a combined depressant, and a combined collector to the primary flotation column roughing tailings obtained in step (1) in sequence, and performing a secondary flotation column roughing operation in the flotation column to obtain a secondary flotation column roughing concentrate and a secondary flotation column roughing tailings; based on each ton of sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, 1100 g of the combined sulfiding agent, 200 g of the combined depressant, and 80 g of the combined collector are added to the slurry of the secondary flotation column roughing operation; (3) The primary flotation column roughing concentrate obtained in step (1) and the secondary flotation column roughing concentrate obtained in step (2) are combined and slurried, and then a combined inhibitor and a combined collector are added to perform a primary flotation concentration operation in a flotation machine to obtain a primary flotation concentrate and a primary flotation tailings, wherein the primary flotation tailings are returned for slurry mixing and incorporated into the secondary flotation column roughing operation; based on each ton of sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, 100 g of the combined inhibitor and 40 g of the combined collector are added to the slurry of the primary flotation concentration operation; (4) The primary flotation concentrate obtained in step (3) is slurried and then subjected to secondary flotation concentrating operation in the flotation machine to obtain secondary flotation concentrate and secondary flotation tailings, wherein the secondary flotation tailings are returned for slurrying and incorporated into the primary flotation concentrating operation; the secondary flotation concentrate is flotation zinc concentrate, and the secondary flotation column roughing tailings are flotation tailings; The flotation recovery rate of zinc in this embodiment is 80.6%.

[0018] Example 2: In this example, based on the mass fraction of the combined vulcanizing agent being 100%, sodium sulfide accounts for 55% and sodium hydrosulfide accounts for 45% of the combined vulcanizing agent; based on the mass fraction of the combined inhibitor being 100%, water glass accounts for 40%, sodium hexametaphosphate accounts for 45%, and lignin accounts for 15% of the combined inhibitor; based on the mass fraction of the combined collector being 100%, dodecylamine acetate accounts for 30%, sodium coconut sulfate accounts for 45%, N-lauryldiethanolamine accounts for 10%, and dodecylbis(hydroxyethyl)methylammonium chloride accounts for 15% of the combined collector; like Figure 1 As shown, a flotation column-flotation machine combined recovery method for sandstone-type zinc oxide ore has the following specific steps: (1) The sandstone type zinc oxide ore is slurried to a slurry mass percentage concentration of 31%, and a combined sulfiding agent, a combined depressant and a combined collector are added in sequence, and a primary flotation column roughing operation is carried out in a flotation column to obtain a primary flotation column roughing concentrate and a primary flotation column roughing tailings; wherein the mass percentage content of zinc in the sandstone type zinc oxide ore is 7.0%; based on each ton of sandstone type zinc oxide ore, 7000g of the combined sulfiding agent, 1050g of the combined depressant and 300g of the combined collector are added to the slurry of the primary flotation column roughing operation; (2) adding a combined sulfiding agent, a combined depressant, and a combined collector to the primary flotation column roughing tailings obtained in step (1) in sequence, and performing a secondary flotation column roughing operation in the flotation column to obtain a secondary flotation column roughing concentrate and a secondary flotation column roughing tailings; based on each ton of sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, 1400 g of the combined sulfiding agent, 350 g of the combined depressant, and 100 g of the combined collector are added to the slurry of the secondary flotation column roughing operation; (3) The primary flotation column roughing concentrate obtained in step (1) and the secondary flotation column roughing concentrate obtained in step (2) are combined and slurried, and then a combined inhibitor and a combined collector are added to perform a primary flotation concentration operation in a flotation machine to obtain a primary flotation concentrate and a primary flotation tailings, wherein the primary flotation tailings are returned for slurry mixing and incorporated into the secondary flotation column roughing operation; based on each ton of sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, 175 g of the combined inhibitor and 50 g of the combined collector are added to the slurry of the primary flotation concentration operation; (4) The primary flotation concentrate obtained in step (3) is slurried and then subjected to secondary flotation concentrating operation in the flotation machine to obtain secondary flotation concentrate and secondary flotation tailings, wherein the secondary flotation tailings are returned for slurrying and incorporated into the primary flotation concentrating operation; the secondary flotation concentrate is flotation zinc concentrate, and the secondary flotation column roughing tailings are flotation tailings; The flotation recovery rate of zinc in this embodiment is 82.2%.

[0019] Example 3: In this example, based on the mass fraction of the combined vulcanizing agent being 100%, sodium sulfide accounts for 65% and sodium hydrosulfide accounts for 35% of the combined vulcanizing agent; based on the mass fraction of the combined inhibitor being 100%, water glass accounts for 50%, sodium hexametaphosphate accounts for 25%, and lignin accounts for 25% of the combined inhibitor; based on the mass fraction of the combined collector being 100%, dodecylamine acetate accounts for 35%, sodium coconut sulfate accounts for 35%, N-lauryldiethanolamine accounts for 20%, and dodecylbis(hydroxyethyl)methylammonium chloride accounts for 10% of the combined collector; like Figure 1 As shown, a flotation column-flotation machine combined recovery method for sandstone-type zinc oxide ore has the following specific steps: (1) The sandstone type zinc oxide ore is slurried to a slurry mass percentage concentration of 36%, and a combined sulfiding agent, a combined depressant and a combined collector are added in sequence, and a primary flotation column roughing operation is performed in a flotation column to obtain a primary flotation column roughing concentrate and a primary flotation column roughing tailings; wherein the mass percentage content of zinc in the sandstone type zinc oxide ore is 9.3%; based on each ton of sandstone type zinc oxide ore, 8500g of the combined sulfiding agent, 1500g of the combined depressant and 360g of the combined collector are added to the slurry of the primary flotation column roughing operation; (2) adding a combined sulfiding agent, a combined depressant, and a combined collector to the primary flotation column roughing tailings obtained in step (1) in sequence, and performing a secondary flotation column roughing operation in the flotation column to obtain a secondary flotation column roughing concentrate and a secondary flotation column roughing tailings; based on each ton of sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, 1700 g of the combined sulfiding agent, 500 g of the combined depressant, and 120 g of the combined collector are added to the slurry of the secondary flotation column roughing operation; (3) The primary flotation column roughing concentrate obtained in step (1) and the secondary flotation column roughing concentrate obtained in step (2) are combined and slurried, and then a combined inhibitor and a combined collector are added to perform a primary flotation concentration operation in a flotation machine to obtain a primary flotation concentrate and a primary flotation tailings, wherein the primary flotation tailings are returned for slurry mixing and incorporated into the secondary flotation column roughing operation; based on each ton of sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, 250g of the combined inhibitor and 60g of the combined collector are added to the slurry of the primary flotation concentration operation; (4) The primary flotation concentrate obtained in step (3) is slurried and then subjected to secondary flotation concentrating operation in the flotation machine to obtain secondary flotation concentrate and secondary flotation tailings, wherein the secondary flotation tailings are returned for slurrying and incorporated into the primary flotation concentrating operation; the secondary flotation concentrate is flotation zinc concentrate, and the secondary flotation column roughing tailings are flotation tailings; The flotation recovery rate of zinc in this embodiment is 83.8%.

[0020] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the knowledge of ordinary technicians in this field without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flotation column-flotation machine combined recovery method for sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: (1) The sandstone-type zinc oxide ore is slurried to a slurry mass percentage concentration of 26-36%, and a combined sulfiding agent, a combined depressant and a combined collector are added in sequence, and a primary flotation column roughing operation is performed in a flotation column to obtain a primary flotation column roughing concentrate and a primary flotation column roughing tailings; (2) adding a combined sulfiding agent, a combined depressant, and a combined collector to the primary flotation column roughing tailings obtained in step (1) in sequence, and performing a secondary flotation column roughing operation in the flotation column to obtain a secondary flotation column roughing concentrate and a secondary flotation column roughing tailings; (3) combining the primary flotation column roughing concentrate obtained in step (1) and the secondary flotation column roughing concentrate obtained in step (2), adding a combined depressant and a combined collector, and performing a primary flotation concentrating operation in a flotation machine to obtain a primary flotation concentrating concentrate and a primary flotation concentrating tailings, wherein the primary flotation concentrating tailings are returned for slurrying and incorporated into the secondary flotation column roughing operation; (4) The primary flotation concentrate obtained in step (3) is slurried and then subjected to secondary flotation concentrating operation in the flotation machine to obtain secondary flotation concentrate and secondary flotation tailings, wherein the secondary flotation tailings are returned for slurrying and incorporated into the primary flotation concentrating operation; the secondary flotation concentrate is flotation zinc concentrate, and the secondary flotation column roughing tailings are flotation tailings; The combined vulcanizing agent is a mixture of sodium sulfide and sodium hydrosulfide, the combined inhibitor is a mixture of water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate and lignin ammonium, and the combined collector is a mixture of dodecylamine acetate, sodium coconut sulfate, N-lauryldiethanolamine and dodecylbis(hydroxyethyl)methylammonium chloride.

2. The flotation column-flotation machine combined recovery method for sandstone-type zinc oxide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass percentage content of zinc in the sandstone-type zinc oxide ore in step (1) is 4.7-9.3%.

3. The flotation column-flotation machine combined recovery method for sandstone-type zinc oxide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculated per ton of sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, 5500-8500 g of combined sulfiding agent, 600-1500 g of combined depressant and 240-360 g of combined collector are added to the ore pulp of the primary flotation column roughing operation in step (1).

4. The flotation column-flotation machine combined recovery method for sandstone-type zinc oxide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculated per ton of sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, 1100-1700 g of combined sulfiding agent, 200-500 g of combined depressant and 80-120 g of combined collector are added to the ore pulp in the secondary flotation column roughing operation in step (2).

5. The flotation column-flotation machine combined recovery method for sandstone-type zinc oxide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on each ton of sandstone-type zinc oxide ore, 100-250 g of the combined depressant and 40-60 g of the combined collector are added to the slurry of the flotation machine concentration operation in step (3).

6. The flotation column-flotation machine combined recovery method for sandstone-type zinc oxide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Taking the mass fraction of the combined vulcanizing agent as 100%, sodium sulfide accounts for 45-65% and sodium hydrosulfide accounts for 35-55% in the combined vulcanizing agent.

7. The flotation column-flotation machine combined recovery method for sandstone-type zinc oxide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Taking the mass fraction of the combined inhibitor as 100%, water glass accounts for 30-50%, sodium hexametaphosphate accounts for 25-45%, and lignin ammonium accounts for 15-35% of the combined inhibitor.

8. The flotation column-flotation machine combined recovery method for sandstone-type zinc oxide ore according to claim 1, characterized in that: Taking the mass fraction of the combined collector as 100%, the combined collector comprises 25-35% of dodecylamine acetate, 35-45% of sodium coconut sulfate, 10-20% of N-lauryldiethanolamine, and 10-20% of dodecylbis(hydroxyethyl)methylammonium chloride.

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