A floating photovoltaic wave-resistant structure based on ocean wave gradient impedance matching

Abstract

This invention discloses a floating photovoltaic wave-resistant structure based on ocean wave gradient impedance matching, comprising a central buoy for mounting photovoltaic panels, wherein multiple annular plates are spaced along the height of the central buoy's sidewalls and surround it. This invention integrates offshore photovoltaic power generation and wave energy generation, and floats directly on the ocean in a completely passive manner, without requiring a rigid foundation connection to the seabed, making it economical, simple, and highly practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore power generation technology, and in particular to a floating photovoltaic wave-resistant structure based on ocean wave gradient impedance matching. Background Technology

[0002] Floating photovoltaic (PV) platforms are an innovative renewable energy technology that installs solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems on the surface of water bodies such as oceans, lakes, and reservoirs. They utilize a floating structure to support PV modules, enabling power generation on water. This technology offers advantages such as saving land resources and improving power generation efficiency, making it particularly suitable for areas with limited land resources or abundant water resources.

[0003] Current floating structures generally adopt pontoon structures with high overall rigidity. Under the action of waves, the overall vertical movement is large, and there is a lack of measures to dissipate and utilize wave energy. This places high demands on the strength and installation structure of the pontoon structure itself and the photovoltaic panels installed on it. At the same time, the large-amplitude vibration of the whole also reduces the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic panels and the service life of the platform. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a floating photovoltaic wave-resistant structure based on ocean wave gradient impedance matching, which solves the problems of large stiffness, large response to ocean waves, and poor stability of existing offshore floating photovoltaic platforms.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A floating photovoltaic wave-resistant structure based on ocean wave gradient impedance matching includes a central pontoon for mounting photovoltaic panels, wherein multiple annular plates are spaced apart along the height direction on the side wall of the central pontoon and surround it.

[0007] As an optimization, the thickness of the annular plate at the edge away from the central pontoon is less than the thickness at the edge closer to the central pontoon.

[0008] As an optimization, the annular plates are distributed within a preset height range above and below the draft of the central buoy and at the lower part of the central buoy; the spacing between adjacent annular plates gradually increases from top to bottom along the height direction of the central buoy, or, the annular plates include a plurality of first annular plates close to the draft of the central buoy and a plurality of second annular plates far from the draft of the central buoy, the spacing between adjacent first annular plates is equal, the spacing between adjacent second annular plates is equal, and the spacing between adjacent first annular plates is less than the spacing between adjacent second annular plates.

[0009] As an optimization, a plurality of serpentine protrusions are provided on at least one side surface of the first annular plate and / or the second annular plate.

[0010] As an optimization, the outer diameter of the annular plate is set to be equal from top to bottom along the height direction of the central pontoon, or gradually decreases.

[0011] As an optimization, the central pontoon has a circular cross-section, with its upper diameter being equal to or greater than its lower diameter, and its sidewalls being either flat or curved.

[0012] As an optimization, it also includes multiple peripheral buoys distributed around the central buoy, and multiple connecting arms connecting the central buoy and each peripheral buoy. The connecting arms are V-shaped and have two arms. The apex of each arm is hinged to the peripheral buoy. The end of one arm is hinged to the lower part of the side wall of the central buoy, and the end of the other arm extends through the upper part of the side wall of the central buoy into the central buoy and is connected to a power generation device installed inside the central buoy. When there is relative movement between the peripheral buoys and the central buoy, the connecting arms can be moved, thereby driving the power generation device to generate electricity.

[0013] As an optimization, the power generation device includes a bracket, on which a horizontal push rod hinged to a connecting arm is slidably mounted. The horizontal push rod is connected to the motor shaft of a generator through a crank-connecting rod mechanism. When the connecting arm moves, it can drive the horizontal push rod to move, thereby driving the motor shaft of the generator to rotate through the crank-connecting rod mechanism.

[0014] As an optimization, the horizontal push rod is connected to the crank-connecting rod mechanism via a high-pressure spring.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following advantages:

[0016] This invention,

[0017] By spaced-out multiple annular plates on the sidewalls of the central pontoon, narrow slits are formed between the plates, allowing water to pass through. When waves arrive, the central pontoon floats up and down, causing the water in the slits to collide and generate turbulence or local eddies. Wave energy is dissipated through viscous dissipation and kinetic energy conversion to maintain the overall stability of the pontoon. At the same time, during the floating process of the central pontoon, water that is not discharged in time from the slits between the annular plates above the water surface can increase the weight of the central pontoon and reduce its buoyancy. Furthermore, the large-area structure of the annular plates increases the contact area with the water surface when the central pontoon sinks, providing greater resistance when entering the water, thereby reducing the sinking amplitude of the central pontoon and improving its stability. This allows the photovoltaic panels on top to work normally in large waves. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a structural view of the power generation device in this invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the serpentine protrusion structure on the annular plate in this invention;

[0023] In the diagram, 1 is the central buoy, 2 is the annular plate, 3 is the serpentine protrusion structure, 4 is the peripheral buoy, 5 is the connecting arm, 6 is the bracket, 7 is the horizontal push rod, 8 is the crank-connecting rod mechanism, 9 is the flywheel, and 10 is the high-pressure spring. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] For specific implementation: see [link / reference] Figures 1-5 ,

[0026] An embodiment of a floating photovoltaic wave-resistant structure based on ocean wave gradient impedance matching includes a central pontoon 1 for mounting photovoltaic panels, wherein multiple annular plates 2 are distributed at intervals along the height direction on the side wall of the central pontoon 1 around it.

[0027] By setting multiple layers of annular plates 2 at intervals on the side wall of the central pontoon 1, narrow gaps are formed between the annular plates 2, allowing water to pass through. When waves come, the central pontoon 1 floats up and down, causing the water flow in the gaps to collide and generate turbulence or local eddies. Wave energy is consumed through viscous dissipation and kinetic energy conversion to maintain the stability of the overall pontoon. At the same time, during the floating process of the central pontoon 1, the water that is not discharged in time from the gaps between the annular plates 2 above the water surface can increase the weight of the central pontoon 1 and reduce its upward movement. Moreover, the large area structure of the annular plates 2 increases the contact area with the water surface when the central pontoon 1 sinks, providing greater resistance when entering the water, thereby reducing the sinking amplitude of the central pontoon 1 and improving its stability. This allows the photovoltaic panels on the top to work normally in large waves.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment, the central pontoon 1 has a circular cross-section, with its upper diameter equal to or greater than its lower diameter, and its sidewalls are planar or curved. The outer diameter of the annular plate 2 is equal from top to bottom along the height direction of the central pontoon 1, or gradually decreases. The thickness of the annular plate 2 at the edge away from the central pontoon 1 is less than the thickness at the edge closer to the central pontoon 1. By adopting a tapered flow channel design, the slit is wide at the inlet and narrow inside, utilizing the Venturi effect to accelerate the water flow, enhance turbulent energy dissipation, and make the central pontoon 1 more stable when waves arrive.

[0029] More specifically, the annular plates 2 are distributed within a predetermined height range above and below the waterline of the central buoy 1 and at the lower part of the central buoy 1; the spacing between adjacent annular plates 2 gradually increases from top to bottom along the height direction of the central buoy 1, or, the annular plates 2 include multiple first annular plates 2 close to the waterline of the central buoy 1 and multiple second annular plates 2 far from the waterline of the central buoy 1, the spacing between adjacent first annular plates 2 is equal, the spacing between adjacent second annular plates 2 is equal, and the spacing between adjacent first annular plates 2 is smaller than the spacing between adjacent second annular plates 2. The annular plates 2 are divided into two levels in the depth direction mainly considering the exponential decay distribution law of wave energy in the depth direction. Therefore, in the surface layer, i.e., the area covered by the waterline, the annular plates 2 are densely arranged to cope with large amplitude high-frequency waves, and sparsely arranged in deeper positions to allow large flow to pass through and cope with low-frequency wave energy. The surface of the deep annular plates 2 has a serpentine protrusion structure 3 to guide waves to pass over a longer distance and increase viscous drag. This layered design essentially constructs a vertical wave filter, which achieves targeted attenuation of wave energy across the entire frequency band through spatially distributed energy-consuming units. In practical applications, depth-frequency matching design needs to be carried out in conjunction with the wave rose diagram of the specific sea area.

[0030] It also includes eight peripheral floats 4 distributed around the central float 1, and eight connecting arms 5 connecting the central float 1 and each peripheral float 4. The connecting arms 5 are V-shaped and have two arms. The apex of each arm is hinged to the peripheral float 4. The end of one arm is hinged to the lower part of the side wall of the central float 1, and the end of the other arm extends through the upper part of the side wall of the central float 1 into the central float 1 and is connected to a power generation device installed inside the central float 1. The power generation device includes a bracket 6, on which a horizontal push rod 7 is slidably mounted and hinged to the connecting arm 5. The horizontal push rod 7 is connected to the motor shaft of a generator through a crank-connecting rod mechanism 8. When there is relative movement between the peripheral floats 4 and the central float 1, it can drive the connecting arm 5 to rotate around the connection point between one of the arms and the lower part of the side wall of the central float 1, thereby causing the other arm to push and pull. Thus, the horizontal push and pull drives the crank-connecting rod mechanism 8 to drive the motor shaft of the generator to rotate, thereby generating electricity. The horizontal push rod 7 is connected to the crank-connecting rod mechanism 8 via a high-pressure spring 10. Specifically, the crank-connecting rod mechanism 8 can also be connected to a flywheel 9 coaxially mounted with the generator's motor shaft. Relying on its inertia, it resists the impact of wave loads and stores the energy of those loads. Simultaneously, the high-pressure spring 10 further enhances the impact resistance and energy storage effect. Eight peripheral floats 4 are connected to the central float 1 via triangular connecting arms 5. Due to the influence of the annular plate 2, the outer wall of the central float 1 will, to some extent, hinder its vertical displacement under the action of waves. Meanwhile, the peripheral floats 4 will all follow the waves vertically, resulting in relative vertical movement between the two. This relative movement drives the crank-connecting rod mechanism 8 at the top of the central float 1 through the connecting arms 5 to rotate and generate electricity. Two high-strength springs are installed inside the connecting rod to cope with sudden, large waves, temporarily storing this energy in the springs for slow release.

[0031] Fiberglass reinforced plastic (GFRP) or carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is recommended as the material, and the thickness should meet the 10-year corrosion allowance (the annual corrosion rate in tropical seas is approximately 0.1 mm). The surface can be coated with a diatomaceous earth-based antifouling coating to inhibit biofouling.

[0032] This structure integrates offshore photovoltaic power generation and wave power generation, and floats directly on the ocean in a completely passive manner, without the need for a rigid foundation connection with the seabed. It is economical, simple, and highly practical.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will be able to make various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to these embodiments without departing from the principles and basis of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative examples and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way.

Claims

1. A floating photovoltaic wave-resistant structure based on ocean wave gradient impedance matching, characterized in that, The device includes a central pontoon for mounting photovoltaic panels. Multiple annular plates are spaced along the height of the sidewall of the central pontoon, forming a ring around it. The thickness of the annular plates at their edges away from the central pontoon is less than the thickness at their edges closer to the central pontoon. The annular plates are distributed within a predetermined height range above and below the waterline of the central pontoon and at the lower part of the central pontoon. The spacing between adjacent annular plates gradually increases from top to bottom along the height of the central pontoon. Alternatively, the annular plates include multiple first annular plates near the waterline of the central pontoon and multiple second annular plates away from the waterline. The spacing between adjacent first annular plates is equal, the spacing between adjacent second annular plates is equal, and the spacing between adjacent first annular plates is less than the spacing between adjacent second annular plates. Multiple serpentine protrusions are provided on at least one surface of the first and / or second annular plates. It also includes multiple peripheral buoys distributed around the central buoy, and multiple connecting arms connecting the central buoy and each peripheral buoy. The connecting arms are V-shaped and have two arms. The apex of each arm is hinged to the peripheral buoy. The end of one arm is hinged to the lower part of the side wall of the central buoy, and the end of the other arm extends through the upper part of the side wall of the central buoy into the central buoy and is connected to a power generation device installed inside the central buoy. When there is relative movement between the peripheral buoys and the central buoy, the connecting arms can be moved, thereby driving the power generation device to generate electricity.

2. The floating photovoltaic wave-resistant structure based on ocean wave gradient impedance matching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the annular plate is set equally from top to bottom along the height direction of the central pontoon, or gradually decreases.

3. The floating photovoltaic wave-resistant structure based on ocean wave gradient impedance matching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central pontoon has a circular cross-section, with its upper diameter being equal to or greater than its lower diameter, and its sidewalls being either flat or curved.

4. A floating photovoltaic wave-resistant structure based on ocean wave gradient impedance matching according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power generation device includes a bracket, on which a horizontal push rod is slidably mounted and hinged to a connecting arm. The horizontal push rod is connected to the motor shaft of a generator through a crank-connecting rod mechanism. When the connecting arm moves, it can drive the horizontal push rod to move, thereby driving the motor shaft of the generator to rotate through the crank-connecting rod mechanism.

5. A floating photovoltaic wave-resistant structure based on ocean wave gradient impedance matching according to claim 4, characterized in that, The horizontal push rod is connected to the crank-connecting rod mechanism via a high-pressure spring.

Images