Anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter and method

Abstract

According to the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter and the method, the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter is installed at the position away from the lithotripsy catheter and an adsorption opening through an attraction switch, or the adsorption opening comprises at least two open holes, and the structural design and the size of the adsorption opening face are matched, or an ultrasonic device and an installation mode thereof are adopted. The probability that the broken stones block the suction channel is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the positions of the stones at the adsorption opening are continuously reset through the method that the adsorption opening and the suction source are repeatedly and continuously connected and disconnected through the suction switch, and therefore the continuous laser lithotripsy performance in the operation is kept. By means of program control of the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter suction switch and the design of the endoscope fixator, the working intensity of an operation doctor during an operation when the operation doctor manipulates an instrument is reduced, and operation is more convenient and simpler; through the design of the quick-connection type connector of the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser guide pipe component, instrument sterilization is more convenient, and independent production is convenient to arrange; the invention relates to a method for treating human and animal calculi by using an anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter and method, and more specifically to an apparatus and method for simultaneously adsorbing stones, laser lithotripsy, and stone removal for performing laser minimally invasive lithotripsy surgery. Background Art

[0002] Stones in humans and animals are a relatively common and recurring disease. Depending on the organ in which the stones form, they can be divided into urinary stones (or urinary stones) and digestive tract stones. Urinary stones are further divided into kidney stones, ureteral stones, and bladder stones based on the site of onset. Gastrointestinal stones commonly include gallbladder stones, bile or common hepatic duct stones, and intrahepatic bile duct stones.

[0003] Common minimally invasive surgical treatments for urinary stones include percutaneous nephrolithotomy, flexible ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy, ureteroscopic lithotripsy, and cystoscopic lithotripsy. These procedures utilize the natural cavities of living organisms for minimally invasive surgical treatment. Currently, flexible ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy is the only technique that utilizes laser energy for lithotripsy. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is a minimally invasive lithotripsy technique that uses percutaneous transrenal puncture to create an artificial surgical channel. Of course, artificial surgical channels are not limited to the kidneys, as in the case of pets, where percutaneous transvesical puncture is used.

[0004] During minimally invasive urinary stone surgery, whether artificial or natural, an endoscope is typically used to provide access for surgical instruments, illuminate the surgical field, and flush the lesion with fluid. Energy-based surgical instruments such as laser fibers, ultrasonic rods, and pneumatic rods crush the stones. Fluid, under external pressure such as dynamic perfusion or intravenous drip, or vacuum suction, carries the crushed stones out of the body.

[0005] The main pain points of the above-mentioned minimally invasive surgical treatment methods for urinary stones are either the stones jumping when crushing them, or the stones cannot be crushed and cleared out of the body at the same time, and the crushed stones need to be cleaned separately, or only stones with partial composition or hardness can be attracted and successfully crushed, and the stone crushing and stone removal can be synchronized during the operation, or they cannot implement complete natural cavity stone crushing like laser fiber, such as ultrasonic energy lithotripsy.

[0006] Minimally invasive surgical treatments for hepatobiliary stones are also gradually being developed. These procedures include duodenoscope-assisted lithotripsy, percutaneous transhepatic biliary lithotripsy, and laparoscopic choledocholithotomy. Compared to urinary stones, minimally invasive surgery for hepatobiliary stones is more complex, demanding, and challenging due to the different organ locations where the stones originate. For example, irrigation water pressure requirements often require intravenous irrigation. Lithotripsy is typically performed using electrohydraulic lithotripsy or mechanical basket extraction. Lasers are rarely used, making them less common than in urinary stone treatment. This is primarily due to the "smoke" generated during laser treatment, which obstructs vision and limits their efficiency. Furthermore, a significant proportion of hepatobiliary stones are muddy and sandy, making intraoperative clearance more challenging. This reduces the efficiency of these procedures. Most gallstones are in the form of mud and sand. Even if the gallbladder-preserving stone removal surgery is successful, the recurrence rate of gallstones is high. Therefore, the current treatment of gallstones mostly involves removing the gallbladder without preserving the gallbladder.

[0007] The hardness or CT value of stones in animals, especially pets, is also relatively high. Currently, minimally invasive laser stone crushing treatments through natural or artificial channels are also being developed.

[0008] The Chinese utility model patented lithotripsy laser catheter (ZL201920923763.1) and its U.S. patented Laser Fiber Probe with Suction (US11,871,989B2) can absorb stones during laser lithotripsy, simultaneously achieving intraoperative stone absorption, laser pulverization, and removal of the broken stones from the body. This approach improves and overcomes existing urinary laser lithotripsy issues, such as stone pulsation, time-consuming and labor-intensive stone removal, thermal damage to tissues caused by heat accumulation during laser emission, and complications resulting from renal perfusion fluid reflux caused by high pressure. By avoiding the "smoke" generated by laser pulse excitation, the laser lithotripsy procedure offers a superior visual field, demonstrating its positive impact on the laser treatment of hepatobiliary stones. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The above-mentioned lithotripsy laser catheter is prone to clogging the adsorption channel when crushing stones during surgery. At the same time, in order to obtain a continuous laser lithotripsy effect, the stones adsorbed on the adsorption port need to be repeatedly positioned at the adsorption port by manually opening and closing the suction switch, which increases the doctor's workload during surgery.

[0010] This technical solution greatly reduces the probability of the suction channel being blocked by installing the suction switch externally away from the lithotripsy catheter and the adsorption port, or designing an adsorption port surface structure with no less than two openings and matching the opening sizes, or installing an ultrasonic component at a specific position in the suction channel to break up blocked stones and clear the blockage. The suction switch is automatically controlled by a program, and the endoscope fixator is designed to reduce the intraoperative operation intensity of the doctor using the anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter.

[0011] A blockage-resistant lithotripsy laser catheter is composed of at least a lithotripsy catheter, a catheter handle, a suction switch, and a suction tube, wherein the lithotripsy catheter includes a suction channel and an optical fiber channel, and the suction channel has an adsorption port at the front end, wherein a portion of the adsorption port is opened on the side of the suction channel and another portion is opened on the end face of the suction channel, or is completely opened on the side of the suction channel, or is completely opened on the end face of the suction channel. Its technical feature is that the attraction switch is designed to be installed outside the lithotripsy catheter and the catheter handle component and away from the lithotripsy catheter, and the force generated on the stone-breaking fluid in the suction channel of the lithotripsy catheter when the attraction switch is continuously turned off and on is parallel to the axial direction of the attraction channel.

[0012] The above-mentioned anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter has the technical feature that the suction switch is installed on the suction tube of the external suction source, or is shared with the suction source on the suction source connected to the suction tube, and the opening and closing of the suction switch are realized manually or by program control.

[0013] An embodiment of an anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter is composed of at least a lithotripsy catheter, a catheter handle, and an attraction switch, wherein the lithotripsy catheter is composed of a suction channel and an optical fiber channel, and the suction channel has an adsorption port at the front end, and a portion of the adsorption port is opened on the side of the suction channel and another portion is opened on the end face of the suction channel, or is completely opened on the side of the suction channel, or is completely opened on the end face of the suction channel. Its technical feature is that the adsorption port is an adsorption port surface with at least two openings, and the adsorption port surface is either a plane or a curved surface, and the angle of the inclined plane or the size of the curved surface depression is related to the optical fiber digital aperture and the laser window divergence angle, the optical fiber core diameter and the inner diameter of the suction channel. The opening size is related to the inner diameter of the suction channel, the laser lithotripsy rate and the crushed stone particle size, and the edge position of the adsorption port surface is partially on the side of the suction channel and another portion is on the end face of the suction channel, or is completely on the side of the suction channel, or is completely on the end face of the suction channel.

[0014] The above-mentioned anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter has the technical feature that the suction channel and the optical fiber channel of the lithotripsy catheter are either rigid and inflexible or soft and flexible.

[0015] An embodiment of an anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter is composed of at least a lithotripsy catheter, a catheter handle, an attraction switch, an ultrasonic component and an ultrasonic source, wherein the lithotripsy catheter is composed of a attraction channel and an optical fiber channel, the attraction channel has an adsorption port at the front end, a portion of the adsorption port is opened on the side of the attraction channel and another portion is opened on the end face of the attraction channel, or is completely opened on the side of the attraction channel, or is completely opened on the end face of the attraction channel, and its technical feature is that an ultrasonic component is installed on the attraction channel, and the ultrasonic component is installed on the attraction channel after the bifurcation of the optical fiber channel and the attraction channel and before the attraction switch, and the attraction channel generates mechanical vibration under the action of ultrasound, thereby preventively rupturing stones that are blocked in the attraction channel to prevent blockage and realize the function of clearing blockage.

[0016] The above-mentioned anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter has the technical feature that the ultrasonic components are an ultrasonic transducer and an amplitude transformer, and there is a conical channel between the suction channel at the ultrasonic amplitude transformer installation location and the suction channel at the suction switch installation location, and the suction channel diameter at the suction switch is larger than the suction channel diameter at the amplitude transformer installation location.

[0017] The anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter has the technical feature that the suction switch is installed on the lithotripsy catheter, or on the catheter handle, or on the suction tube of an external suction source, or on the suction source and shared with the suction source, and the opening and closing of the suction switch is achieved manually or by program control.

[0018] The anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter is technically characterized by the lithotripsy catheter and catheter handle being either an integral, integral unit or separate components with a quick-connect mounting structure, allowing them to be assembled into one piece. The separation between the lithotripsy catheter and the catheter handle is located after the bifurcation of the optical fiber channel and the suction channel, with the axes of the optical fiber channel and the suction channel parallel and spaced apart.

[0019] The anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter has the technical feature that the suction channel and the optical fiber channel are either tangent to each other or overlapped.

[0020] The anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter has the technical feature that the optical fiber channel included in the catheter handle is designed with an optical fiber delivery button.

[0021] The production method of the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter is characterized in that the lithotripsy catheter, the catheter handle, and the suction switch are each an independent component, and each component is produced independently.

[0022] The technical feature of the anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter is that the anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter component is designed with an endoscope holder. After the endoscope holder correctly installs the matching endoscope and the anti-blockage laser lithotripsy sheath, the line of sight of the endoscope camera first intersects with the optical fiber channel axis of the lithotripsy catheter, and then continues to extend and intersects with the suction channel axis of the lithotripsy catheter. At the same time, the anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter and the endoscope become one, and when either the endoscope or the anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter is operated, the endoscope and the anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter move synchronously.

[0023] The above-mentioned method for producing the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter is characterized in that the lithotripsy catheter, the catheter handle, the suction switch, and the endoscope holder are independent components, and each component is produced independently.

[0024] The method for ensuring continuous laser lithotripsy during the operation of the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter is technically characterized in that the suction switch is opened and closed during the laser lithotripsy and this process is continuously repeated, so that the suction port is repeatedly opened and disconnected from the external suction source.

[0025] The method for treating stones with an anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter has the following technical features: an endoscope is inserted through the natural cavity or artificial surgical channel of humans and animals, a laser optical fiber is installed on the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter and an external laser source and a suction source are connected. The lithotripsy catheter of the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter is inserted and protrudes out of the endoscope instrument channel. During the operation, the flushing fluid flows through the matching endoscope, the lesion surgical site and the suction channel of the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter. Under the field of view of the endoscope, the adsorption port is brought close to the stone, the suction channel is connected to the suction source and the laser is emitted. The adsorption port is continuously connected and disconnected from the suction source so that the position of the stone and the adsorption port is reset to obtain a continuous laser lithotripsy effect. The surgical haze generated by the stone crushing and laser excitation is attracted away from the lesion to achieve synchronization of laser lithotripsy and adsorption stone removal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of an anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter that can be disassembled and assembled into one, wherein B gives another embodiment of the suction tube of the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter.

[0027] Figure 2 : A schematic cross-sectional view of the lithotripsy catheter 100 and the catheter handle 200 along the longitudinal direction of the lithotripsy catheter.

[0028] Figure 3: Schematic diagram of the force exerted on the stone-breaking fluid in the suction channel 120 when the attraction switch 300 is turned on or off. A indicates that the force is parallel to the axial direction of the suction channel, thereby preventing the stone-breaking fluid from flipping in the suction channel 120 and causing the stone-breaking fluid to block the suction channel. B indicates that the force is not parallel to the axial direction of the suction channel 120, thereby causing the fluid to generate turbulence, causing the stone-breaking fluid to flip and thus block the suction channel.

[0029] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of the positions of the fiber laser window 181 and the adsorption port 121 when high lithotripsy efficiency is achieved.

[0030] Figure 5 : A schematic structural diagram of the opening of the adsorption port 121 at the tip of the suction channel.

[0031] Figure 6 : The attraction switch 300 is composed of a main switch 300a and a stone reset function switch 300b.

[0032] Figure 7 : An embodiment of an independent attraction switch 300, the right side of which shows its repeated opening and closing, as well as the opening and closing time.

[0033] Figure 8 : An embodiment of a positional relationship diagram of the optical fiber channel 100 and the suction channel.

[0034] Figure 9 : Schematic diagram of the structure of the quick-connect joint catheter handle of the lithotripsy catheter 100 and the catheter handle 200. The left figure is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of the catheter handle 200 in the AA direction.

[0035] Figure 10 : An embodiment of an anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter, wherein the number of openings of the G-direction adsorption port is 3 and 2 respectively, and the adsorption port surface is either flat or curved.

[0036] Figure 11 : Schematic diagram of an embodiment of an anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter that uses an ultrasonic component to dredge and break up stone blockages.

[0037] Figure 12 : An embodiment of an endoscope holder for an anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter, a schematic structural diagram of the endoscope holder 500 when the endoscope holder 500 is cut open along the axial direction of the lithotripsy catheter suction channel after the endoscope holder 500 is installed as a whole with the matching endoscope and the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter.

[0038] Figure 13 : Figure 12 G-direction schematic diagram of the endoscope holder of the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter.

[0039] Figure 14: After the endoscope holder is correctly installed, the line of sight of the endoscope camera first crosses the axis of the optical fiber channel, continues to extend, and then crosses the axis of the suction channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The patented lithotripsy laser catheter (China Utility Model ZL201920923763.1 and U.S. Patent No. US11,871,989B2) can absorb stones during laser lithotripsy, simultaneously achieving intraoperative laser crushing and suctioning of the stones out of the body. During use, the suction switch on the handle is constantly turned on and off.

[0041] This technical solution provides a stone treatment anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter, the installation position of the suction switch is outside the lithotripsy catheter 100 and the catheter handle 200 components. Figure 1 As shown. Figure 1 As shown, it is composed of at least a lithotripsy catheter 100, a catheter handle 200, a suction switch 300, and a suction tube 400. Figure 2 As shown, the lithotripsy catheter 100 includes a suction channel 120 and a fiber optic channel 110. The suction channel has an adsorption port 121 at the distal end, which is the distal end of the lithotripsy catheter (i.e., the end close to the surgical lesion). The fiber optic channel 110 and the suction channel 120 on the lithotripsy catheter 100 extend to the catheter handle 200. The suction channel of the catheter handle is provided with a fiber optic inlet 216, which is the entrance of the laser fiber of the external laser source; the suction channel 220 is provided with a suction source interface 226, which is connected to the suction tube 400 and then to the suction source 700. The suction source used in the embodiment includes a negative pressure source or a peristaltic suction pump commonly used in medical treatment. The suction tube 400 is a silicone hose. Before being connected to the suction interface 720 of the suction source, it is connected to the suction switch 300 (to be precise, in this embodiment, the suction tube 400 is placed in the squeezing mechanism of the suction switch). Figure 1 In the embodiment, the attraction switch 300 is installed on the attraction source 700, and the attraction switch also serves as the suction output control switch of the attraction source.

[0042] Figure 1 The embodiment provides a structure and connection method of the suction tube 400, which is designed to be connected to the interface 226 of the catheter handle 200 at one end, and then connected to the suction source 700 after passing through the suction switch 300. Figure 1Another embodiment B of the suction tube 400 is also provided. Before the suction tube 400 is connected to the suction switch 300, a stone collector 420 is connected to the suction tube. After the stone-breaking liquid flowing from the suction channel 120 of the stone-breaking catheter 100 is attracted to the stone collector, the broken stones are restricted and collected by the stone collector, while the liquid portion continues to be attracted by the suction source. This prevents the broken stone particles from interfering with the switching of the suction switch 300. The stone collector used in the embodiment is a standard product currently on the market. There are many implementation methods of the suction tube 400. The basic requirement is to achieve the connection between the catheter handle 200 and the suction switch 300 and to connect an external suction source to ensure the patency and airtightness of the suction channel.

[0043] Different from the prior art lithotripsy laser catheter embodiment, the suction switch 300 of the embodiment of the present invention is not installed on the catheter handle 200 or the lithotripsy catheter 100, but is installed on the connected silicone suction tube 400. Figure 1 When the suction switch 300 installed in this embodiment switches from on to off during surgery, the suction switch 300 generates a force on the suction channel, and the force is transmitted to the port 222 of the catheter handle 200 (see Figure 2 ) The blocking force on the stone crushing fluid generated at the port 122 of the suction channel 120 in the stone crushing catheter 100 is parallel to the axial direction of the suction channel 120, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown in the force A in FIG, the force A is synchronously transmitted to the adsorption port 121, so that the adsorbed stones are released and fall off from the adsorption port under the action of gravity. At the same time, the effect of the force A (arrow pointing to the adsorption port 121) on the broken stones a, b, and c is to stop or delay the movement of these stone particles without causing the stones to flip. For the same reason, when the attraction switch 300 is switched from off to on during the operation, the attraction switch 300 generates an attraction to the attraction channel (arrow pointing away from the adsorption port 121), and the attraction is transmitted to the port 222 of the catheter handle 200 (see FIG. Figure 2 ) The attraction force for the stone crushing fluid generated at the port 122 of the suction channel 120 in the lithotripsy catheter 100 is parallel to the axial direction of the suction channel 120. As a result, even if the suction switch 300 is frequently turned on and off during the operation, the probability of the stone crushing clogging the suction channel is greatly reduced or avoided. Figure 3 In addition to the force of type A, there is also a turbulent force of type B. During the frequent opening and closing process during the operation, the turbulence caused when it hits the stone crushers 150a, 150c will cause the stones to flip over, causing the stone crushers to block the suction channel 120 of the stone crushing catheter 100.

[0044] One solution of the suction port 121 of this embodiment is to open at the same time the end face and side face of the suction channel. Figure 2 As shown, the optical fiber channel 110 has an optical fiber channel opening 111 at the tip of the lithotripsy catheter, providing an outlet for the lithotripsy laser optical fiber 180 so that the laser end face 181 of the optical fiber can be in the position shown by the adsorption port 121. Figure 4 As shown. In one embodiment of the technical solution, the optical fiber channel 110 and the suction channel 120 are both medical stainless steel tubes. The optical fiber channel 110 and the suction channel 120 are integrated by laser welding. The distance between the opening 111 of the optical fiber channel 110 and the end face of the suction channel opening 121 is typically 5mm. The inner diameter of the optical fiber channel is larger than the outer diameter of the commonly used optical fiber on the market, such as 750um, and the inner diameter of the suction channel is 1.9mm. Figure 2 The optical fiber channel and the suction channel of the lithotripsy catheter are welded together, and the maximum outer diameter is, for example, 3.4 mm, and in some embodiments it is 1.9 mm, but it is not limited to these two specifications. The design of the above maximum outer diameter size follows the principle of ensuring that the lithotripsy catheter can smoothly pass through the instrument channel of the existing laser lithotripsy endoscope. Common endoscope instrument channels have inner diameters of 3.5 mm, 2.0 mm, etc. In some embodiments, the optical fiber channel 110 and the suction channel 120 are made of non-metallic materials such as polymer catheters, so as to achieve Figure 2 In addition to being integrated by welding, gluing, etc., the optical fiber channel and the suction channel shown in the medium lithotripsy catheter 100 can also be obtained by polymer tube extrusion. The use of such polymer materials can also optimize the cost, tube wall thickness, batch production, etc.

[0045] In addition to the above-mentioned structure, the suction port 121 of this embodiment has an opening completely on the side surface 121b at the front end of the suction channel, or completely on the end surface 121c of the suction channel. Figure 5 As shown, these structural changes are used to match the variability of stone lesions in different parts or organs.

[0046] In this embodiment, another embodiment of the suction switch 300 is installed on the connecting pipe 400 but is not a component of the suction source 700. Figure 6 As shown. The switch mechanism of the suction switch 300, or a pinch valve, squeezes against the outer wall of the suction tube 400 to close and open the connection between the inlet channel 120 and the external suction source. Other embodiments of the suction switch 300 may utilize different connection methods to the suction tube 400 than the pinch valve. The suction switch 300 may be a solenoid switch or a mechanical switch. Since both ends of this suction switch 300 are connected to the suction tube 400, disinfection or sterilization must be considered before surgery. In this embodiment, the suction tube does not necessarily need to be a flexible tube.

[0047] Figure 6 The embodiment of the suction switch 300 shown also includes a suction channel master switch 300a and a switch 300b for stone repositioning or continuous laser lithotripsy. The master switch 300a, mounted on the catheter handle 200, is operated by the user to open the suction channel at the start of surgery and to cut off the suction channel when the surgery is interrupted or completed. The switch 300b periodically opens and closes the connection between the suction port 121 and the suction source during surgery. The suction channel master switch 300a is mounted on the catheter handle 200. The schematic diagram of its structure is shown in FIG. Figure 11 , which is a conventional structural design and will not be described here.

[0048] A method for ensuring continuous laser lithotripsy during the operation of an anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter, wherein the suction switch is turned on and off during the laser lithotripsy and this process or operation is continuously repeated, so that the suction port is repeatedly opened and disconnected from the external suction source. Specifically, the suction switch 300 is continuously opened and closed during the operation so that the stones adsorbed by the suction port 121 can fall off from the suction port after the suction switch turns off the suction source 700. When the suction switch is opened again, the suction source re-adsorbs the stones onto the suction opening 121, causing the contact position between the stones and the suction port to change, that is, the position of the stones that the laser optical fiber 181 contacts or is aligned with changes, thereby maintaining the continuous laser lithotripsy performance of the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter. During laser lithotripsy, such as Figure 4 As shown, the suction port 121 approaches the stone and captures it. Simultaneously, the stone is pulverized and ablated by the laser (e.g., a pulsed holmium laser or thulium laser) emitted from the fiber laser end face 181. This creates a gap between the fiber laser end face 181 and the stone. As the gap increases, the laser energy emitted from the laser end face 181 is absorbed by the water filling the gap, weakening or even eliminating the laser lithotripsy effect. At this point, the suction switch 300 is turned off, severing the connection between the suction port 121 and the suction source. The stone then dislodges from the suction port 121 due to gravity or the impact of the laser pulse. When the suction switch 300 is turned on again, connecting the suction port to the suction source, the dislodged stone is reattached to the suction port 121, eliminating the gap between the stone and the fiber laser end face 181. This is called repositioning the stone and the laser end face 181, thus restoring laser lithotripsy efficiency.

[0049] One operation scheme of the attraction switch 300 in the embodiment is manual, operated by the user. Another operation mode is as follows Figure 1 In the embodiment, the attraction source is controlled by a fixed program to realize the connection between the attraction switch 300 and the attraction source. Figure 6In the embodiment of the present invention, the suction switch 300b is a programmable device that turns the suction tube 400 and the suction source on and off according to a fixed control program. The programmable suction switch can be turned on and off by a microcontroller, a PLC, or a dedicated programmable chip.

[0050] The following is a detailed description of the automatic control of the attraction switch 300. Figure 7 As described above, the main body of the suction switch is a pinch valve 310 (a standard product available on the market), whose typical components include a tube groove 301, a tongue-shaped structural member and a movable iron core 302, a spring body 303, a static iron core 304, and an electromagnetic coil 305. The silicone hose of the suction tube 400 is placed in the tube groove 301 of the pinch valve. The electromagnetic coil 305 of the pinch valve is externally connected to a DC power supply DC and a switch tube 320 such as a MOSFET module. The control gate of the switch tube 320 is connected to the control signal of a microcontroller 330 such as a PLC or a single-chip microcomputer through either optical, electrical, or optical and electrical control methods. The microcontroller is configured as follows: Figure 7 The control flow shown on the right controls the on and off of the switch 320. When the DC power supply is connected to the switch 320, the moving iron core and tongue-shaped component 302 are drawn toward the stationary iron core 304, causing the silicone tube of the suction tube 400 to return to its natural position and connecting the suction port 121 to the suction source. When the switch 320 is off, the moving iron core and tongue-shaped component 302, driven by the spring 303, compress the silicone tube of the suction tube 400, causing it to deform and disconnect the suction port 121 from the suction source. The microcontroller 330 controls the opening and closing of the switch 320, or pinch valve 310, according to the control software. This ensures that the suction switch 300 has an on time ton and an off time toff, with a cycle T = ton + toff. ton corresponds to the time the suction switch 300 is connected to the suction source, while toff is the time the suction switch 300 is off. This cycle repeats according to a cycle T. The cycle T can be fixed during surgery or programmable. The change in period T may involve changes in either ton alone or both ton and toff. For hard stones (high CT values) or when the laser operating frequency is low, such as 10 Hz, a larger ton can be used. Alternatively, the edges of some stones can be easily crushed, leaving the center of the stone as hard, corresponding to a larger ton value. The choice of ton value is also related to laser parameters such as laser energy and repetition rate. At a specific laser energy, the higher the laser frequency, the smaller the ton value should be. The toff value is related to the installation position of the suction switch 300 (in this embodiment, the distance from the suction tube 400 hose in the tube groove 301 to the suction port 121), the size and weight of the stone, etc. The larger the distance, the higher the toff value. The size of the stone and the settings of the laser parameters, namely, the laser energy and frequency, are also related to the toff value. Figure 7The switch flow chart on the right shows the function of the suction switch in a complete operation. For example, at the beginning of the operation, the suction switch changes from the off state to the open state. The repeated opening and closing of the suction channel during the operation is shown in the dotted box to reset the position of the stone at the suction port. The suction channel is closed when the operation is completed.

[0051] The switch cycle T of the manually controlled attraction switch 300 can be changed manually during the operation. The embodiment of this manual attraction switch is a common mechanical structure design (the structural principle diagram is as shown in FIG. Figure 11 shown), which will not be described here in detail.

[0052] The suction switch 300 may be an independent component that can be produced independently. It is required to meet the connection performance requirements of being conveniently connected to the suction tube 400, being airtight and leak-proof after assembly with the suction tube, and having an unobstructed channel. The opening and closing performance may be manual or automatic such as program control, so as to realize its usage method and maintain the continuous lithotripsy performance in anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheterization.

[0053] In addition to the structural design between the optical fiber channel 110 and the suction channel 120 in the lithotripsy catheter of the embodiment, Figure 2 The two channels shown are tangent and the fiber channel is completely independent and non-overlapping outside the attraction channel. Figure 8 Other embodiments of the structural design between the two channels are provided, namely, the overlapping portion of the optical fiber channel and the suction channel, and the optical fiber channel overlaps and is tangent to the suction channel.

[0054] The lithotripsy catheter of the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter needs to enter the human body during the operation, and the lithotripsy handle needs to be installed with an optical fiber so that the optical fiber end face 181 to Figure 4 , for which the optical fiber 180 needs to pass through the catheter handle and the lithotripsy catheter. Therefore, the lithotripsy catheter and the catheter handle both need to be sterilized before use in surgery. For the embodiments of the optical fiber channel and the suction channel, when the structure is a lumen, the requirements for sterilization implementation are relatively high, especially when the length of the lumen increases or is longer, a higher sterilization dosage and more sterilization time are required. For this reason, the lithotripsy catheter 100 and the catheter handle 200 are designed to be separate components during the production, packaging, and storage stages during sterilization, and then assembled into one body before surgery. We describe such a design as the lithotripsy catheter 100 and the catheter handle 200 being independent components, which are integrated after being connected. The lithotripsy catheter 100 enters the human body, and the catheter handle 200 functionally realizes the optical fiber access to the laser source of the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter, the control of the optical fiber position, and the access to the suction tube of the suction source.

[0055] A quick-connect installation structure embodiment Figure 9 As shown, the AA view of the catheter handle 200, the catheter handle housing 230 ( Figure 2) is installed with three sets of spring ball studs 260. The spring ball studs 260 have external threads and are installed in the catheter handle housing 230, which has corresponding internal threads. The position of the ball head of the spring ball studs 260 protruding from the catheter handle housing 230 can be adjusted via the threads, thereby adjusting the tightness and strength during quick-connect disassembly and assembly. Similarly, the docking body 150 of the lithotripsy catheter 100 is equipped with three sets of corresponding grooves. The groove dimensions correspond to the ball heads of the spring ball studs 260. The quick-connect disassembly and assembly counterpart 150 of the lithotripsy catheter 100 is equipped with a sealing ring 151. When the lithotripsy catheter 100 and the catheter handle 200 are assembled, the suction channel 120 on the lithotripsy catheter 100 docks with the suction channel 220 and its channel port 222 in the catheter handle, ensuring that the suction channel is sealed and airtight.

[0056] The embodiment scheme of the quick-connect installation structure is not limited to Figure 9 The overall requirements of the scheme shown are that in addition to meeting the requirements of convenient and quick connection during assembly, it must also meet the requirements that after the lithotripsy catheter 100 and the catheter handle 200 are assembled, their respective optical fiber channels and suction channels overlap and dock with each other, and the docking interface of the suction channel is as follows Figure 2 After assembly, the suction channel ports 122 and 222 ensure an airtight seal and unobstructed passageway. This airtight, airtight, and unobstructed passageway requirement is implemented throughout the entire embodiment, including the connection between the lithotripsy catheter 100 and the catheter handle 200, and the connections between the suction switch 300, the suction tube 400, and the catheter handle 200. The separation point between the lithotripsy catheter and the catheter handle is located after the bifurcation of the optical fiber channel and the suction channel, with the axes of the optical fiber channel and the suction channel parallel and spaced apart.

[0057] Similarly, the suction tube 400 and the suction source interface 226 of the catheter handle 200 also utilize a quick-connect interface. In this embodiment, the suction tube 400 utilizes a silicone hose with an inner diameter slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the suction source interface 226. This leverages the elasticity of the silicone hose 400 to ensure an airtight and leak-proof suction channel after quick connection. The suction tube 400 can be manufactured separately and is provided sterile upon shipment. In this embodiment, the suction switch 300 is a pinch valve, which is opened and closed by squeezing the silicone hose of the suction tube 400. Therefore, the airtightness of the suction tube 400 remains unchanged after the suction tube 400 is assembled to the suction switch 300.

[0058] The independently produced lithotripsy catheter 100 component comprises at least a suction channel 120 and an optical fiber channel 110. The suction channel has an adsorption port 121 at the front end. The adsorption port is partially opened on the side of the suction channel and partially opened on the end face of the suction channel, or the opening is completely opened on the side of the suction channel, or the opening is completely opened on the end face of the suction channel. The lithotripsy catheter 100 has a quick-connect mechanism that can be disassembled and assembled with an independent catheter handle 200. The suction channel is airtight after being assembled with the catheter handle. The lithotripsy catheter needs to enter the human body.

[0059] The independently manufactured catheter handle 200 comprises at least a fiber channel and a suction channel, and features a quick-connect mechanism for detachable and reassembled with the independent lithotripsy catheter 100. Once assembled with the lithotripsy catheter, the fiber channel of the lithotripsy catheter is further extended to connect to an external optical fiber from a laser source, while the suction channel is further extended to connect to an external suction tube, suction switch, and suction source. This allows for fiber access to the laser source of the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter, fiber position control, and suction tube access to the suction source.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the optical fiber position control component, the optical fiber delivery button 280, is composed of an optical fiber button 282 and an optical fiber stepping structure 281. The optical fiber stepping structure 281 is similar to the structure design of the lead pusher of a mechanical pencil currently on the market (not described here in detail). The result of the optical fiber pushing is that when the optical fiber button 282 is pressed to the bottom, the optical fiber stepping structure 281 holds the optical fiber 180 tightly ( Figure 2 The optical fiber is moved forward (as shown in FIG180 on the catheter handle 200), and the optical fiber button 282 is released. After the optical fiber button is restored by the spring, the optical fiber advances a characteristic step length and is locked by the optical fiber stepping structure 281. Before the operation begins, the lithotripsy catheter 100 and the catheter handle 200 are assembled. The optical fiber button 282 is pressed to the bottom and held, and the optical fiber 180 is inserted from the optical fiber inlet 216 and its optical fiber end face or laser window 181 is installed by the operator's hand. Figure 4 In the position shown, the fiber button 282 is released, the optical fiber 180 is locked, and the positions of the laser window 181 and the suction port 121 are maintained. When disassembling the lithotripsy catheter 100 and the catheter handle 200 assembly in which the optical fiber 180 is installed, it is necessary to first press the fiber button 282 all the way down and hold it. This releases the locking function of the optical fiber stepping structure 281, and the optical fiber 180 can be manually withdrawn from the assembly.

[0061] Although there are many structural schemes for the embodiment of the optical fiber delivery button 280, the basic requirement for the optical fiber position control of the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter is to realize the forward and backward movement of the laser window 181, and also to lock the optical fiber 180 to ensure that the position of the laser window 181 can be fixed and maintained.

[0062] The independently manufactured suction switch has the function of continuously turning the suction source on and off, allowing the suction force at the suction port 121 to be applied and removed. The suction switch is connected to the catheter handle via the suction tube. The on / off function can be manually or automatically controlled, such as by programmable control, to achieve its intended use and maintain continuous lithotripsy performance during anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheterization.

[0063] The lithotripsy catheter and catheter handle require sterilization before use, while the suction tube 400 does not necessarily require sterilization before use. Conventional medical device usage and production practices dictate that (sterilized) devices be designed for single use whenever possible, and provided sterile by the manufacturer or after sterilization. However, when the suction switch 300 is implemented as a pinch valve, it can be used during surgery without sterilization or disinfection. According to current medical device management regulations, which categorize medical devices based on risk management, surgical function, and lesion focus, the various components of the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter—the lithotripsy catheter, catheter handle, suction tube, and suction switch—can each be individually registered under existing medical device management regulations. Once the component registration certificates are obtained, production and sales can be arranged. Therefore, the lithotripsy catheter 100, catheter handle 200, and suction switch 300 are each considered independent components for patent protection purposes and are manufactured separately.

[0064] One embodiment of the adsorption port 121 of the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter is designed as a curved surface that is concave into the suction channel. Figure 10 The surface or plane shown is called the adsorption port surface, which has more than two adsorption holes or openings. The problem to be solved is to ensure that the size of the crushed stone particles that can enter the adsorption channel will not cause blockage in the attraction channel regardless of the installation position of the attraction switch 300 and the closed and opened operation of the cycle. At the same time, it is also necessary to achieve the adsorption of stones on the adsorption port 121 and the efficient stone crushing, and further the crushed stones can be cleaned and attracted in time, that is, there is sufficient cleaning ability and stone crushing rate. Figure 10 Although the adsorption port surface is a concave curved surface, no matter the adsorption port surface is an inclined surface (the dotted line in the figure shows an inclined adsorption port surface) or a concave surface, its inclined surface angle or curved surface sagging size must satisfy the laser window for the adsorption port surface range or the stones thereon without a dead angle for laser lithotripsy, because stones in the dead angle cannot be effectively crushed by the laser, even if the position of the stone is constantly reset. The above-mentioned adsorption port surface or inclined surface angle, or concave size, is related to the divergence angle of the laser window 181, the optical fiber performance such as digital aperture, core diameter, and the inner diameter of the suction channel. The embodiment of the curved surface design has a better adsorption effect and stone crushing effect for smaller stones or smaller stones than the flat surface design. The adsorption port surface is provided with adsorption holes, Figure 10The lower left figure shows an embodiment of a suction port with three suction holes, such as 121.1, 121.2, and 121.3. The lower right figure shows an suction port with two suction holes, 121.1 and 121.2. Each suction hole is at least smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the suction channel 120. The specific dimensions are determined through experimentation and are based on the basic requirements of ensuring that the suction channel is not blocked during lithotripsy and that the stone is adequately cleared. Typical opening diameters are 1 / 2 or 1 / 3 of the suction channel inner diameter, but these dimensions are not limited. Furthermore, these dimensions are related to the lithotripsy laser repetition rate (or the number of laser pulses per unit time), laser pulse energy, and laser operating mode, such as pulverization or agglomeration (generally speaking, the stone fragmentation rate and stone particle size). Laser parameter settings that favor pulverization are preferred. The key design considerations for the suction port surface and the opening diameter of the suction holes are that the opening size is related to the inner diameter of the suction channel 120, and the stone fragmentation rate and stone particle size of laser lithotripsy. The structure of the suction port surface 121 at the front end of the suction channel 120 is similar to Figure 5 As shown, part of the edge of the suction port is on the side of the suction channel and the other part is on the end face of the suction channel, or the edge of the suction port is completely on the side of the suction channel, or the edge of the suction port is completely on the end face of the suction channel.

[0065] Furthermore, the suction switch 300 of this embodiment may be mounted on the lithotripsy catheter, on the catheter handle, on the suction tube connected to the suction source, or may be a functional component of the suction source. Based on the structure and functionality, some embodiments of the suction switch may utilize a combination of 300a + 300a, or a single suction switch 300 that combines the functions of 300a, i.e., the main suction channel switch, and 300b, i.e., the stone repositioning function, or may utilize only the function of 300b. The structure or mechanical configuration of the suction switch typically requires manual operation to achieve the desired function, or may utilize optical or electronic control methods to facilitate automatic or program control.

[0066] In order to facilitate production, sterilization, transportation and use, the lithotripsy catheter 100 and the catheter handle 200 in this embodiment may be independent components, and a quick-connect mounting structure is designed on the component. Figure 2 , Figure 9 When used in clinical surgery, the lithotripsy catheter 100 and the catheter handle 200 are assembled into one piece.

[0067] One embodiment of the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter is to use ultrasound, which is currently widely used in industry and medicine, to assist in breaking or vibrating the stones in the suction channel to achieve the purpose of clearing the blockage or preventing the occurrence of blockage. This ultrasound achieves the above-mentioned anti-blocking function by vibrating parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the suction channel 120. Figure 11As shown, ultrasonic transducer 901 is a hollow cylinder mounted on horns 902 and 903, which are tightly mounted on the suction channel. Transducer 901 is connected to ultrasonic source 910 via cable 911, converting the electrical signal it outputs into ultrasonic waves. It is configured to resonate and convert electrical energy into mechanical vibrations, typically generating ultrasonic waves with a frequency range of 23,000 to 25,000 Hz. Horns 902 and 903 then efficiently couple the ultrasonic waves generated by transducer 901 to the suction channel 120, generating longitudinal and transverse mechanical vibrations of appropriate intensity and amplitude, thereby breaking up sharp corners of stones that may cause blockage and adjusting the position of the stones. Taking the installation location of the ultrasonic component 900 and the suction switch 300 on the catheter handle 200 of an anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter as an example, the ultrasonic component 900 is installed after the bifurcation between the optical fiber channel 110 and the suction channel 120 of the lithotripsy catheter 100, with the installation point close to the installation location of the suction switch 300 in the suction channel 120. Amplifiers 902 and 903 concentrate mechanical vibrations within the suction channel between the cross-section at position 225 and the suction port 121 in the figure. A tapered catheter structure exists between the position where the suction switch slide 351 is inserted into the suction channel 120 and the suction channel cross-section 225. This increases the suction channel diameter to prevent further blockage of stones in the non-ultrasound-resistant area. Unlike the size restrictions of the lithotripsy catheter section, the suction channel section 225 is smaller, resulting in a less invasive and more minimally invasive procedure. Under the action of the redirection block 353 of the attraction switch, the slider 351 of the attraction switch converts the movement of the switch top rods 361 and 364 parallel to the axial direction of the attraction channel into the movement of the slider 351 perpendicular to the axial direction of the attraction channel into and out of the attraction channel. The component 352 is designed to ensure that the attraction channel 120 remains airtight due to the entry of the slider 351 of the attraction switch 300. Usually, the component 352 is a sealing ring, and the surface of the slider 351 needs to be smooth. The component 362 restricts the switch top rods 361 and 364 to only move parallel to the axial direction of the attraction channel, and the component 355 restricts the slider 351 to only move perpendicular to the axial direction of the attraction channel. The springs 363 and 354 are in a deformed state when there is no external force, that is, when the attraction switch 300 is in a state of shutting off the attraction channel, that is, when the slider 351 is in the attraction channel. When an external force presses the trigger 365, the above-mentioned springs are in a deformed state. In this embodiment, the ultrasonic device 900 and suction switch 300 are both mounted on the catheter handle 200. Due to their common design, the handle housing components are not identified in this specification. The ultrasonic device 900 is not limited to being mounted on the catheter handle 200. Various standard products are commercially available for reference, such as the ultrasonic transducer 901 and the amplitude transformers 902 and 903, and are not described in detail in this specification.

[0068] Similar to some of the aforementioned embodiments, the lithotripsy catheter 100 employing an ultrasonic, anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter, and the catheter handle 200, or a separate component, are designed with a quick-connect mounting structure. However, this quick-connect mounting structure must be robust and, after being assembled, able to withstand the longitudinal and lateral mechanical vibrations generated by ultrasound. Furthermore, the structural design ensures that the mechanical vibrations are effectively transmitted from the adsorption channel 220 to the 120.

[0069] The anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter needs to be used in conjunction with an endoscope when performing minimally invasive surgery. In order to facilitate the manipulation of the endoscope and the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter during surgery, reduce the intensity of instrument manipulation during surgery, and improve surgical efficiency, an embodiment of the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter is designed with an endoscope holder 500 or is used in conjunction with an endoscope holder 500. The endoscope holder is as follows: Figure 12 、 13 The endoscope fixing component 503 shown in the figure has the function of locking and releasing the endoscope 800, and the catheter handle fixing component 501 has the function of locking and releasing the catheter handle. After the anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter (lithotripsy catheter 100, catheter handle 200, suction switch 300, and suction tube 400) is installed with a laser fiber 180 and connected to an external laser source and suction source, it is inserted into the instrument channel of an endoscope such as a percutaneous nephroscope or cystoscope and then secured to form a single or combined unit by the endoscope fixing device 500. During the procedure, the surgeon can either operate only the endoscope or only the anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter handle 200, with the endoscope 800 and the anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter moving synchronously to complete laser lithotripsy and stone removal. The suction port 121 and the optical fiber laser window 181 of the assembly shown should protrude outside the instrument channel of the endoscope 800 and be visible to the camera 801 of the endoscope 800. At the same time, the sight line 811 of the camera 801 should first cross the axis of the optical fiber laser window 181 or the optical fiber channel 110, and then the sight line 811 should continue to extend and then cross the axis of the suction channel 120. Figure 14 The structural design of the holder 500 allows the endoscope and the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter to be assembled through the endoscope holder 500. Pressing the fiber delivery button modulates the position of the laser end face of the optical fiber, and operating the suction switch opens and closes the connection between the suction port and the suction source.

[0070] An embodiment of an endoscope holder that can be manufactured separately includes at least a housing 501, fixing components 501 and 502 at the end of the catheter handle 200, and a fixing component 503 at the end of the endoscope 800. When the endoscope holder 500 fixes the endoscope 800 and the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter together, the structure of the endoscope holder along the axial section of the lithotripsy catheter 100 is shown as follows: Figure 12 As shown in the figure, the G viewing direction schematic diagram is as follows Figure 12As shown, the handle fixing parts 501, 502 of the endoscope holder and the fixing part 503 at the end of the endoscope 800.

[0071] In order to facilitate production, sterilization, transportation and use, the lithotripsy catheter 100, the catheter handle 200, and the endoscope holder 500 in the embodiment of the endoscope holder are designed or used as independent components, and the components are designed with a quick-connect mounting structure such as Figure 2 , Figure 9 , Figure 13 As shown. During clinical use, the lithotripsy catheter 100, catheter handle 200, and endoscope holder 500 are assembled into one piece. In embodiments employing the lithotripsy catheter 100, catheter handle 200, endoscope holder 500, and suction tube 400, the lithotripsy catheter 100, catheter handle 200, endoscope holder 500, suction switch 300, and suction tube 400 can be constructed as separate components with a quick-connect design. During clinical use, the lithotripsy catheter 100, catheter handle 200, endoscope holder 500, suction switch 300, and suction tube 400 are assembled into one piece.

[0072] In the above embodiments of the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter, the suction channel, fiber optic channel, or lithotripsy catheter 100 is either rigid, such as medical stainless steel, or a polymer material with relatively high hardness, such as Peek or Pom material. The catheter in such an embodiment cannot be bent. In some embodiments, the suction channel, fiber optic channel, or lithotripsy catheter is either soft, such as a flexible PA polymer material, and can be bent during use. In order to achieve excellent bending performance of the catheter without invariance in medical devices, other structural solutions such as spring composite tubes, snake bones, and other technical means are usually adopted. The catheter technology of these technical means has been widely used in medical devices.

[0073] In the adsorption laser treatment of human urinary stones, the anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter is equipped with a laser optical fiber and connected to an external laser source and an external suction source. The intraoperative flushing fluid, such as normal saline, is connected to the endoscope irrigation inlet. An endoscope, such as a ureteronephroscope, a cystoscope, etc., is inserted through the natural cavity of the human body, such as the urethra, or an endoscope, such as a percutaneous nephroscope, is inserted through an artificial channel. The lithotripsy catheter of the anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter is inserted and protrudes outside the endoscope instrument channel. Under the field of view of the endoscope, the adsorption port is placed close to the stone, the suction switch is turned on and the laser is emitted. The adsorption port is continuously connected and disconnected from the suction source so that the position of the stone and the adsorption port is reset to obtain a continuous laser lithotripsy effect. The broken stones are attracted away from the lesions to achieve synchronization of laser lithotripsy and adsorption stone removal. The surgical haze generated by laser excitation is attracted and disappears in the suction channel.

[0074] In the adsorption laser treatment of liver and gallstones in the human digestive tract, an optical fiber is installed on the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter and an external laser source and suction source are connected. Intraoperative flushing fluid such as normal saline is connected to the infusion inlet of the endoscope. An endoscope such as a duodenoscope (including a mother-and-child endoscope) is inserted through the human body's natural cavity and the surgical channel formed by the incision of some organs or tissues, or an endoscope is inserted through an artificial channel such as a percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscope, a choledochoscope, or a laparoscopic combined choledochoscope. The lithotripsy catheter of the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter is inserted and protrudes outside the endoscope instrument channel. Under the field of view of the endoscope, the adsorption port is placed close to the stone, the suction switch is turned on and the laser is emitted. The adsorption port is continuously connected and disconnected from the suction source so that the position of the stone and the adsorption port is reset to obtain a continuous laser lithotripsy effect. The broken stones are attracted away from the lesions to achieve synchronization of laser lithotripsy and adsorption stone removal. The surgical haze generated by laser excitation is attracted and disappears in the suction channel.

[0075] In the adsorption laser treatment of animal stones, an optical fiber is installed on the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter and an external laser source and suction source are connected. Intraoperative flushing fluid such as saline is connected to the endoscope irrigation inlet, and the endoscope is inserted through the animal's natural cavity or an artificial surgical channel. The lithotripsy catheter of the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter is inserted and protrudes outside the endoscope instrument channel. Under the field of view of the endoscope, the adsorption port is placed close to the stone, the suction switch is turned on and the laser is emitted. The adsorption port is continuously connected and disconnected from the suction source so that the position of the stone and the adsorption port is reset to obtain a continuous laser lithotripsy effect. The broken stones are attracted away from the lesions to achieve synchronization of laser lithotripsy and adsorption stone removal. The surgical haze generated by laser excitation is attracted and disappears in the suction channel.

Claims

1. An anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter is composed of at least a lithotripsy catheter, a catheter handle, a suction switch, and a suction tube, wherein the lithotripsy catheter includes a suction channel and an optical fiber channel, and the suction channel has an adsorption port at the front end, wherein a portion of the adsorption port is opened on the side of the suction channel and another portion is opened on the end face of the suction channel, or is completely opened on the side of the suction channel, or is completely opened on the end face of the suction channel, and its technical feature is that the attraction switch is designed to be installed outside the lithotripsy catheter and the catheter handle component and away from the lithotripsy catheter, and the force exerted on the stone-breaking fluid in the suction channel of the lithotripsy catheter when the attraction switch is continuously turned on and off during surgery is parallel to the axial direction of the attraction channel.

2. The anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter according to claim 1 is technically characterized in that the suction switch is installed on a suction tube connected to an external suction source, or is shared with the suction source on the suction source to which the suction tube is connected, and the opening and closing of the suction switch are realized either manually or by program control.

3. An anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter is composed of at least a lithotripsy catheter, a catheter handle, and an attraction switch, wherein the lithotripsy catheter is composed of a suction channel and an optical fiber channel, and the suction channel has an adsorption port at the front end, a part of the adsorption port is opened on the side of the suction channel and the other part is opened on the end face of the suction channel, or is completely opened on the side of the suction channel, or is completely opened on the end face of the suction channel, and its technical feature is that the adsorption port is an adsorption port surface with at least 2 openings, and the adsorption port surface is either flat or curved, and the angle of the oblique plane or the size of the curved surface depression is related to the optical fiber digital aperture and the laser window divergence angle, the optical fiber core diameter and the inner diameter of the suction channel, the opening size is related to the inner diameter of the suction channel, the laser lithotripsy rate and the crushed stone particle size, and the edge position of the adsorption port surface is partially on the side of the suction channel and the other part on the end face of the suction channel, or is completely on the side of the suction channel, or is completely on the end face of the suction channel.

4. The anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the suction channel and the optical fiber channel are either rigid and inflexible or soft and flexible.

5. An anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter is composed of at least a lithotripsy catheter, a catheter handle, an attraction switch, an ultrasonic component and an ultrasonic source, wherein the lithotripsy catheter is composed of a attraction channel and an optical fiber channel, and the attraction channel has an adsorption port at the front end, a part of the adsorption port is opened on the side of the attraction channel and the other part is opened on the end face of the attraction channel, or is completely opened on the side of the attraction channel, or is completely opened on the end face of the attraction channel. Its technical feature is that an ultrasonic component is installed on the attraction channel, and the ultrasonic component is installed on the attraction channel after the bifurcation of the optical fiber channel and the attraction channel and before the attraction switch. The attraction channel generates mechanical vibration under the action of ultrasound, which prevents the stones that are blocked in the attraction channel from being broken and achieves the function of dredging the blockage.

6. The anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter according to claim 5 is technically characterized in that the ultrasonic components are an ultrasonic transducer and an amp, a conical channel is formed between the suction channel at the ultrasonic amp installation location and the suction channel at the suction switch installation location, and the diameter of the suction channel at the suction switch is larger than the diameter of the suction channel at the amp installation location.

7. The anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter according to claim 3 or 5 is technically characterized in that the suction switch is installed on the lithotripsy catheter, on the catheter handle, on the suction tube of an external suction source, or on the suction source and shared with the suction source, and the opening and closing of the suction switch are realized manually or by program control.

8. The anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter according to claim 1, 3, or 5 is technically characterized in that the lithotripsy catheter and the catheter handle are either an inseparable whole or separate components and are designed with a quick-connect installation structure, which can realize the lithotripsy catheter and the catheter handle as a whole after assembly. The splitting point of the lithotripsy catheter and the catheter handle is arranged after the bifurcation of the optical fiber channel and the suction channel, and the axes of the optical fiber channel and the suction channel are parallel, with a space between the two.

9. The anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter according to claim 1, 3, or 5, wherein the suction channel and the optical fiber channel are either tangent to each other or overlapped with each other.

10. The anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter according to claim 1, 3, or 5, wherein the optical fiber channel included in the catheter handle is designed with an optical fiber delivery button.

11. A method for producing the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter according to claim 1, 3, or 5, characterized in that The lithotripsy catheter, catheter handle, and suction switch are each an independent component, and each component is produced independently.

12. The anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter according to claim 1, 3, or 5 is technically characterized in that the anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter component is designed with an endoscope holder. After the endoscope holder correctly installs the matching endoscope and the anti-blockage laser lithotripsy sheath, the line of sight of the endoscope camera first intersects with the optical fiber channel axis of the lithotripsy catheter, and then continues to extend to intersect with the suction channel axis of the lithotripsy catheter. At the same time, the anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter and the endoscope become one, and when either the endoscope or the anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter is operated, the endoscope and the anti-blockage lithotripsy laser catheter move synchronously.

13. A method for producing the anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter according to claim 12, characterized in that The lithotripsy catheter, catheter handle, suction switch, and endoscope holder are independent components, and each component is produced independently.

14. A method for ensuring a continuous laser lithotripsy effect during the operation of an anti-clogging lithotripsy laser catheter as described in claim 1, 3, or 5, wherein the technical feature is that the suction switch is opened and closed during the laser lithotripsy and this process is continuously repeated, so that the suction port is repeatedly opened and disconnected from the external suction source.

15. A method for treating stones with an anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter as described in claim 1, 3, or 5, the technical feature of which is that an endoscope is inserted through the natural cavity or artificial surgical channel of humans and animals, a laser optical fiber is installed on the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter and an external laser source and an external suction source are connected, the lithotripsy catheter of the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter is inserted and protrudes out of the endoscope instrument channel, the intraoperative flushing fluid flows through the matching endoscope, the lesion surgical site and the suction channel of the anti-blocking lithotripsy laser catheter, the adsorption port is brought close to the stone under the field of view of the endoscope, the suction channel is connected to the suction source and emits laser, the adsorption port is continuously connected and disconnected from the suction source so that the position of the stone and the adsorption port is reset to obtain a continuous laser lithotripsy effect, and the surgical haze generated by the stone crushing and laser excitation is attracted away from the lesion to achieve synchronization of laser lithotripsy and adsorption stone removal.

Images