Lubricating oil hydrofining equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of lubricating oil processing, and particularly relates to lubricating oil hydrofining equipment which comprises a high-pressure tank, a high-pressure pump, an oil inlet pipe and a hydrogen inlet pipe. The output end of the oil inlet pipe and the output end of the hydrogen inlet pipe are both located on the lower portion of a hydrogenation cavity of the high-pressure tank, the spiral plate is installed in the middle of the hydrogenation cavity of the high-pressure tank, a hydrogenation catalyst is arranged on the surface of the spiral plate, and the permeable membrane separation barrel is installed on the upper portion of the hydrogenation cavity of the high-pressure tank; a permeable membrane for hydrogen and waste gas to enter is arranged on the outer wall of the permeable membrane separation barrel, the input end of the exhaust pipe extends into the permeable membrane separation barrel, the output end of the exhaust pipe is connected with the sucking pump, the input end of the oil outlet pipe extends into the upper part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank, and the output end of the oil outlet pipe is provided with a pressure limiting valve; hydrogenation mixing, hydrogenation refining and oil-gas separation are carried out in a high-temperature and high-pressure tank body, the integration level is high, the energy consumption is low, and the refining efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lubricating oil processing, in particular to a lubricating oil hydrorefining device. Background Art

[0002] Lubricating oil hydrorefining is a process for improving the quality of lubricating oil base oil through hydrogenation reaction. Various lubricating oil hydrorefining equipment are disclosed in the prior art. For example, the Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN118988229A proposes an environmentally friendly lubricating oil hydrorefining device. The lubricating oil hydrorefining device includes a base plate, a plurality of supporting legs are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the base plate, and a transmission mechanism is provided on one side of the top of the base plate, a high-temperature mechanism is provided on one side of the transmission mechanism, and a mixing mechanism is provided on the other side of the transmission mechanism, and a circulation separation mechanism is provided on one side of the mixing mechanism. The environmentally friendly lubricating oil hydrorefining device of the present invention has the function of filtering impurities in the lubricating oil multiple times, so that the prepared lubricating oil will not have impurities mixed in the lubricating oil, thereby reducing the quality of the lubricating oil. It also has the function of directly reacting the heated lubricating oil to produce hydrogen, and no longer needs to be cooled and then subjected to a heat processing reaction to produce hydrogen, so that the hydrogen can be recycled.

[0003] The hydrorefining process of lubricating oil requires heating, pressurization and a catalyst environment. After the hydrogen and lubricating oil are fully mixed, the above-mentioned hydrorefining device does not input the hydrogenation reaction into an environment with a catalyst. In addition, it is necessary to separate the refined lubricating oil and the hydrogen and reaction waste gas in it in a special hot-pressing separator. The hot-pressing separator needs to heat and pressurize the lubricating oil again. The double heating is not conducive to reducing energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a lubricating oil hydrorefining equipment which performs hydrogenation mixing, hydrorefining and oil-gas separation in a high-temperature and high-pressure tank, has high integration, low energy consumption and high refining efficiency.

[0005] The lubricating oil hydrorefining equipment of the present invention comprises a high-pressure tank, a high-pressure pump, an oil inlet pipe and a hydrogen inlet pipe, a hydrogenation chamber is arranged inside the high-pressure tank, a heater is installed in the hydrogenation chamber, an oil inlet pipe is installed at the output end of the high-pressure pump, the output end of the oil inlet pipe extends into the hydrogenation chamber, and the output end of the hydrogen inlet pipe extends into the hydrogenation chamber; the equipment also comprises a spiral plate, a permeable membrane separation cylinder, an exhaust pipe, an air pump and an oil outlet pipe, the output ends of the oil inlet pipe and the hydrogen inlet pipe are both located at the lower part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank, the spiral plate is installed in the middle of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank, and a hydrogenation chamber is arranged on the surface of the spiral plate. The catalyst and the spiral plate divide the middle part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank into a spiral ascending channel. The permeable membrane separation cylinder is installed on the upper part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank. The outer wall of the permeable membrane separation cylinder is provided with a permeable membrane for hydrogen and exhaust gas to enter. The input end of the exhaust pipe extends into the interior of the permeable membrane separation cylinder. The output end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the vacuum pump. The input end of the oil outlet pipe extends into the upper part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank. The output end of the oil outlet pipe is provided with a pressure limiting valve. When working, the high-pressure pump runs to pressurize the lubricating oil and input it into the lower part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank. At the same time, the hydrogen inlet pipe inputs hydrogen. The oil is mixed with the lubricating oil in the lower part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank. The heater in the high-pressure tank heats the lubricating oil and adjusts the threshold of the pressure limiting valve of the oil outlet pipe to keep the high pressure in the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank. The lubricating oil mixed with hydrogen flows along the ascending channel formed by the spiral plate to the upper part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank. During the flow of the lubricating oil, the impurities in the lubricating oil are efficiently hydrogenated under the action of the catalyst on the spiral plate, and the impurities in the lubricating oil are removed to achieve refining, and waste gases such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia are generated. The vacuum pump runs through the exhaust pipe to remove the oil from the permeable membrane separation cylinder. The interior is evacuated into a low-pressure area, so that the hydrogen and waste gas in the lubricating oil can efficiently pass through the permeable membrane on the permeable membrane separation cylinder, thereby realizing the separation of the lubricating oil and the gas. The hydrogen and waste gas entering the permeable membrane separation cylinder are discharged through the exhaust pipe and the vacuum pump, and the refined lubricating oil from which the hydrogen and waste gas are separated is discharged through the oil outlet pipe. Compared with the existing technology, hydrogenation mixing, hydrorefining and oil and gas separation are carried out in the same high-temperature and high-pressure tank, without the need for a special oil and gas separation system and secondary heating and pressurization, thus reducing energy consumption, realizing the hydrogenation reaction in the catalyst environment, and improving the efficiency of hydrorefining.

[0006] Preferably, it also includes a groove and a drain pipe, a groove is provided on the upper surface of the spiral plate, a hydrophilic and oleophobic layer is provided on the surface of the groove, the drain pipe is installed at the bottom of the high-pressure tank, the input end of the drain pipe extends into the bottom of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank, and a valve is installed at the output end of the drain pipe; when the lubricating oil mixed with hydrogen flows in the ascending channel formed by the spiral plate, the oxygen-containing compounds in the lubricating oil and the hydrogen catalytically react to convert into water, and the pressure and temperature inside the high-pressure tank are adjusted. Under the premise of ensuring the lubricating oil hydrogenation temperature and pressure, the water remains in a liquid state, for example, 350 to 374°C and a pressure of 10–20MPa. When the water contacts the groove of the spiral plate, it is adsorbed and gathered by the hydrophilic and oleophobic layer, so that the water flows downward along the groove and gathers at the bottom of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank. After working for a period of time, the valve of the drain pipe is opened to discharge the gathered water, thereby realizing the separation and discharge of water in the lubricating oil.

[0007] Preferably, it also includes protrusion 1 and protrusion 2, which are installed on the lower surface of the spiral plate, and catalysts are set on the surfaces of protrusion 1 and protrusion 2; by installing protrusion 1 and protrusion 2, the contact area between the catalyst and the lubricating oil is increased, thereby improving the efficiency of the hydrogenation reaction.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes a bearing, a plurality of guide vanes and an outer ring. The output end of the hydrogen inlet pipe is arranged opposite to the output end of the oil inlet pipe. The bearing is mounted on the outer wall of the output end of the hydrogen inlet pipe. The plurality of guide vanes are connected to the outer ring of the bearing. The plurality of guide vanes are evenly arranged around the circumference. The plurality of guide vanes are inclined to the vertical plane. The outer ends of the plurality of guide vanes are connected to the inner wall of the outer ring. The outer ring is located below and outside the bearing. The bearing, the plurality of guide vanes and the outer ring form an impeller shape. The high-pressure lubricating oil output from the oil inlet pipe and the hydrogen output from the hydrogen inlet pipe collide with each other. At the same time, the high-pressure lubricating oil impacts the plurality of guide vanes. The lubricating oil and hydrogen rise through the gaps between the plurality of guide vanes, so that the plurality of guide vanes are pushed to rotate under the rotation support of the bearing. The rotating plurality of guide vanes stir and cut the lubricating oil and hydrogen, so that the lubricating oil and hydrogen are fully mixed.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes pressure sensor 1 and pressure sensor 2, which are installed on the high-pressure tank, with the probe of pressure sensor 1 extending into the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank, and the probe of pressure sensor 2 extending into the interior of the permeable membrane separation cylinder; pressure sensor 1 detects the lubricating oil in the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank, and pressure sensor 2 detects the gas pressure in the permeable membrane separation cylinder, and the power of the vacuum pump is adjusted based on the pressure difference between the two, so that the pressure difference is maintained within a certain range, thereby maintaining the precipitation efficiency of hydrogen and exhaust gas in the lubricating oil.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a purification box, a partition, an ammonia decomposition chamber, a hydrogen sulfide decomposition chamber and a three-way valve. The purification chamber is set inside the purification box, the partition is installed in the middle of the purification chamber of the purification box, and a gap for gas to pass through is set between one end of the partition and the inner wall of the purification box. The ammonia decomposition chamber is set on the upper part of the partition, and the hydrogen sulfide decomposition chamber is set on the lower part of the partition. The input end of the purification box is connected to the output end of the vacuum pump through a pipeline, the output end of the purification box is connected to the channel 1 of the three-way valve, the input end of the hydrogen inlet pipe is connected to the channel 2 of the three-way valve, and the channel 3 of the three-way valve is connected to the external hydrogen system. connection; a ruthenium and nickel-based catalyst for ammonia decomposition is set in the ammonia decomposition chamber, and an activated carbon-loaded metal oxide catalyst for decomposing hydrogen sulfide is set in the hydrogen sulfide decomposition chamber; the hydrogen and waste gas output by the vacuum pump are input into the purification chamber of the purification box through pipelines; when the waste gas passes through the ammonia decomposition chamber, the ammonia in the waste gas is decomposed into nitrogen and hydrogen; when the waste gas passes through the hydrogen sulfide decomposition chamber, the hydrogen sulfide in the waste gas is catalytically oxidized into sulfur and water; the purified and regenerated hydrogen is output from the purification box and recycled through three-way valve 1 and the hydrogen inlet pipe; the external hydrogen system replenishes the consumed hydrogen to the hydrogen inlet pipe through the three-way valve 1, thereby reducing the hydrogenation cost.

[0011] Preferably, the method further comprises a heater 2 and a plurality of guide plates 1, wherein the heater 2 is mounted on the partition 1, and the plurality of guide plates 1 are mounted in the purification chamber of the purification box, and the plurality of guide plates 1 divide the space above the partition 1 into an upper rotating channel; the upper rotating channel formed by the plurality of guide plates 1 is filled with ruthenium and nickel-based catalysts for ammonia decomposition, and when the exhaust gas enters the upper part of the purification chamber of the purification box through the input end of the purification box, it flows along the upper rotating channel separated by the guide plate 1 and fully contacts the catalyst, and at the same time, the heater 2 heats the exhaust gas to 400-600°C to complete the decomposition of ammonia in the exhaust gas, and the decomposed hydrogen and nitrogen enter the hydrogen sulfide decomposition chamber through the gap between the partition 1 and the purification box.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes multiple guide plates 2, oxygen inlet pipes, permeable membrane group 2 and residual gas pipes, multiple guide plates 2 are installed in the purification chamber of the purification box, multiple guide plates 2 divide the space below the partition 1 into a lower turn channel, the oxygen inlet pipe is installed on the side wall of the purification box, the output end of the oxygen inlet pipe extends into the inlet of the lower turn channel, the permeable membrane group 2 is installed at the outlet of the lower turn channel, the residual gas pipe is installed on the side wall of 9, the input end of the residual gas pipe extends into the outlet of the lower turn channel, and the residual gas pipe is located in front of the permeable membrane group 2; the lower turn channel formed by the multiple guide plates 2 is filled with decomposed hydrogen sulfide The activated carbon supports a metal oxide catalyst. When the exhaust gas enters the lower rotary channel, it mixes with the oxygen input from the oxygen inlet pipe. During the flow of the exhaust gas in the lower rotary channel, it is oxidized by the catalyst and oxygen into sulfur and water. At this time, the exhaust gas contains hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen. When the exhaust gas reaches the outlet of the lower rotary channel, the hydrogen passes through the permeable membrane group 2 and is discharged, and the nitrogen and oxygen are intercepted and enriched. After working for a period of time, the valve of the residual gas pipe is opened to discharge the mixture of nitrogen and oxygen, so that the purity of the hydrogen output from the purification box is improved, and the adverse effects of nitrogen and oxygen on the lubricating oil are reduced.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a normal pressure tank, a second air extraction pipe, a return pipe and a second oil outlet pipe. A normal pressure chamber is arranged inside the normal pressure tank. The output end of the oil outlet pipe extends into the middle of the normal pressure chamber of the normal pressure tank. The input end of the second air extraction pipe extends into the top of the normal pressure chamber of the normal pressure tank. The output end of the second air extraction pipe is connected to the input end of the air extraction pump. The input end of the return pipe extends into the bottom of the normal pressure chamber of the normal pressure tank. The output end of the return pipe is connected to the input end of the high-pressure pump. The input end of the second oil outlet pipe extends into the middle and lower part of the normal pressure chamber of the normal pressure tank. The lubricating oil output by the oil outlet pipe When entering the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank, the pressure on the lubricating oil decreases, which makes the solubility of hydrogen in the lubricating oil decrease, thereby precipitating the hydrogen again. The precipitated hydrogen is pumped to the purification box by the vacuum pump through the second vacuum pipe for purification and recycling. The lubricating oil at the bottom of the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank is pumped to the high-pressure tank by the high-pressure pump through the reflux pipe for circulating hydrogenation refining. The oil outlet pipe 2 discharges the lubricating oil in the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank, realizing the secondary separation of hydrogen and circulating hydrogenation refining of the lubricating oil, thereby improving the refining quality.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a vertical partition, a filter plate 1, a pressure sensor 3, a pressure sensor 4 and a filter plate 2, the vertical partition is vertically installed in the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank, the filter plate 1 is installed at the lower part of the vertical partition, the pressure sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4 are installed on the atmospheric pressure tank, the probes of the pressure sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4 are both extended into the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank, the pressure sensor 3, the oil outlet pipe, the air extraction pipe 2 and the return pipe are located on the right side of the vertical partition and the filter plate 1, the oil outlet pipe 2 and the pressure sensor 4 are located on the left side of the vertical partition and the filter plate 1, the filter plate 2 is installed at the bottom of the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank, and the return pipe is located below the filter plate 2; the vertical partition and the filter Plate 1 separates the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank into two parts, left and right. The vertical partition prevents the precipitated hydrogen and exhaust gas from entering the left part of the atmospheric pressure chamber. Filter plate 1 filters the lubricating oil entering the left part of the atmospheric pressure chamber, thereby reducing impurities in the lubricating oil discharged through the oil outlet pipe 2. Filter plate 2 filters the lubricating oil entering the return pipe, thereby reducing impurities in the lubricating oil for circulating hydrogenation. Pressure sensor 3 and pressure sensor 4 respectively detect the pressure on the right and left sides of filter plate 1 and obtain the pressure difference. When the pressure difference exceeds the set value, it indicates that filter plate 1 is clogged. At this time, hydrofining is suspended, and hydrofining is continued after filter plates 1 and 2 are cleaned, which has good practicality.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: hydrogenation mixing, hydrorefining and oil-gas separation are carried out in the same high-temperature and high-pressure tank, without the need for a special oil-gas separation system and secondary heating and pressurization, thus reducing energy consumption, and realizing hydrogenation reaction in a catalyst environment, thereby improving the efficiency of hydrorefining. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is an axonometric structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a front cross-sectional structural diagram of the high-pressure tank, high-pressure pump, oil inlet pipe, hydrogen inlet pipe, spiral plate, permeable membrane separation cylinder, exhaust pipe and vacuum pump; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of a spiral plate, a groove and a protrusion; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the spiral plate, the first protrusion and the second protrusion; Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the high-pressure pump, oil inlet pipe, hydrogen inlet pipe, bearing, guide vane and outer sleeve; Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the hydrogen inlet pipe, bearing, guide vane and outer sleeve; Figure 9It is a front cross-sectional structural diagram of the atmospheric pressure tank, the second exhaust pipe, the return pipe, the second oil outlet pipe, the vertical partition plate and the first filter plate; Figure 10 It is a front cross-sectional structural diagram of the purification box, partition plate 1, ammonia decomposition chamber, hydrogen sulfide decomposition chamber and three-way valve 1.

[0017] Markings in the accompanying drawings: 1, high-pressure tank; 2, high-pressure pump; 3, oil inlet pipe; 4, hydrogen inlet pipe; 5, spiral plate; 6, permeable membrane separation cylinder; 7, exhaust pipe; 8, vacuum pump; 9, groove; 10, drain pipe; 11, protrusion 1; 12, protrusion 2; 13, bearing; 14, guide vane; 15, outer ring; 16, oil outlet pipe; 17, pressure sensor 1; 18, pressure sensor 2; 19, purification box; 20, partition 1 ; 21. Ammonia decomposition chamber; 22. Hydrogen sulfide decomposition chamber; 23. Three-way valve one; 24. Heater two; 25. Guide plate one; 26. Guide plate two; 27. Oxygen inlet pipe; 28. Permeable membrane group two; 29. ​​Residual gas pipe; 30. Atmospheric pressure tank; 31. Exhaust pipe two; 32. Return pipe; 33. Oil outlet pipe two; 34. Vertical partition; 35. Filter plate one; 36. Pressure sensor three; 37. Pressure sensor four; 38. Filter plate two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive. Example

[0019] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, a lubricating oil hydrorefining equipment includes a high-pressure tank 1, a high-pressure pump 2, an oil inlet pipe 3 and a hydrogen inlet pipe 4. A hydrogenation chamber is set inside the high-pressure tank 1, a heater is installed in the hydrogenation chamber, the output end of the high-pressure pump 2 is installed with an oil inlet pipe 3, the output end of the oil inlet pipe 3 extends into the hydrogenation chamber, and the output end of the hydrogen inlet pipe 4 extends into the hydrogenation chamber; it also includes a spiral plate 5, a permeable membrane separation cylinder 6, an exhaust pipe 7, an air pump 8 and an oil outlet pipe 16. The output ends of the oil inlet pipe 3 and the hydrogen inlet pipe 4 are both located in the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1. At the lower part of the chamber, a spiral plate 5 is installed in the middle of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1. A hydrogenation catalyst is set on the surface of the spiral plate 5. The spiral plate 5 divides the middle of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1 into a spiral ascending channel. A permeable membrane separation cylinder 6 is installed in the upper part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1. The outer wall of the permeable membrane separation cylinder 6 is provided with a permeable membrane for hydrogen and exhaust gas to enter. The input end of the exhaust pipe 7 extends into the interior of the permeable membrane separation cylinder 6. The output end of the exhaust pipe 7 is connected to the vacuum pump 8. The input end of the oil outlet pipe 16 extends into the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1. The upper part of the chemical chamber is provided with a pressure limiting valve at the output end of the oil outlet pipe 16; it also includes a protrusion 11 and a protrusion 2 12, which are installed on the lower surface of the spiral plate 5, and the surfaces of the protrusion 11 and the protrusion 2 12 are provided with a catalyst; it also includes a bearing 13, a plurality of guide plates 14 and an outer ring 15, the output end of the hydrogen inlet pipe 4 is arranged opposite to the output end of the oil inlet pipe 3, the bearing 13 is sleeved on the outer wall of the output end of the hydrogen inlet pipe 4, and the plurality of guide plates 14 are connected to the outer ring of the bearing 13 Then, multiple guide vanes 14 are evenly arranged around the circumference, and multiple guide vanes 14 are inclined to the vertical plane. The outer ends of the multiple guide vanes 14 are connected to the inner wall of the outer ring 15, and the outer ring 15 is located below and outside the bearing 13; it also includes pressure sensor 17 and pressure sensor 2 18. Pressure sensor 1 17 and pressure sensor 2 18 are installed on the high-pressure tank 1, and the probe of pressure sensor 17 extends into the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1, and the probe of pressure sensor 2 18 extends into the interior of the permeable membrane separation cylinder 6.

[0020] During operation, the high-pressure pump 2 operates to pressurize the lubricating oil and input it into the lower part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1. At the same time, the hydrogen inlet pipe 4 inputs hydrogen into the lower part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1. The bearing 13, multiple guide vanes 14 and the outer ring 15 form an impeller shape. The high-pressure lubricating oil output by the oil inlet pipe 3 and the hydrogen output by the hydrogen inlet pipe 4 collide with each other. At the same time, the high-pressure lubricating oil impacts the multiple guide vanes 14. The lubricating oil and hydrogen rise through the gaps between the multiple guide vanes 14, causing the multiple guide vanes 14 to be pushed to rotate under the rotation support of the bearing 13. The rotating multiple guide vanes 14 are rotated. The guide plate 14 stirs and cuts the lubricating oil and hydrogen, thereby fully mixing the lubricating oil and hydrogen. The heater in the high-pressure tank 1 heats the lubricating oil and adjusts the threshold of the pressure-limiting valve of the oil outlet pipe 16 to maintain a high pressure in the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1. The lubricating oil mixed with hydrogen flows along the ascending channel formed by the spiral plate 5 to the upper part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1. During the flow of the lubricating oil, the impurities in the lubricating oil are efficiently hydrogenated under the action of the catalyst on the spiral plate 5. By installing the protrusion 11 and the protrusion 2 12 to increase the catalyst pressure, the lubricating oil is heated and heated. The contact area between the agent and the lubricating oil is increased, the efficiency of the hydrogenation reaction is improved, the impurities in the lubricating oil are removed for refinement, and waste gases such as hydrogen sulfide H2S and ammonia NH3 are generated. The vacuum pump 8 operates through the exhaust pipe 7 to pump the interior of the permeable membrane separation cylinder 6 into a low-pressure area. The pressure sensor 1 17 detects the lubricating oil in the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1, and the pressure sensor 2 18 detects the gas pressure in the permeable membrane separation cylinder 6. The power of the vacuum pump 8 is adjusted according to the pressure difference between the two, so that the pressure difference is maintained within a certain range, maintaining the precipitation efficiency of hydrogen and waste gas in the lubricating oil. As a result, hydrogen and waste gas in the lubricating oil can efficiently pass through the permeable membrane on the permeable membrane separation cylinder 6, thereby realizing the separation of the lubricating oil and the gas. The hydrogen and waste gas entering the permeable membrane separation cylinder 6 are discharged through the exhaust pipe 7 and the vacuum pump 8, and the refined lubricating oil from which the hydrogen and waste gas are separated is discharged through the oil outlet pipe 16. Compared with the prior art, which carries out hydrogenation mixing, hydrorefining and oil-gas separation in the same high-temperature and high-pressure tank, there is no need for a special oil-gas separation system and secondary heating and pressurization, thereby reducing energy consumption, realizing the hydrogenation reaction in the catalyst environment, and improving the efficiency of hydrorefining.

[0021] It also includes a groove 9 and a drain pipe 10. The groove 9 is provided on the upper surface of the spiral plate 5, and a hydrophilic and oleophobic layer is provided on the surface of the groove 9. The drain pipe 10 is installed at the bottom of the high-pressure tank 1. The input end of the drain pipe 10 extends into the bottom of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1, and a valve is installed at the output end of the drain pipe 10.

[0022] When the lubricating oil mixed with hydrogen flows in the ascending channel formed by the spiral plate 5, the oxygen-containing compounds in the lubricating oil, such as phenols, react catalytically with the hydrogen to convert into water. The pressure and temperature inside the high-pressure tank 1 are adjusted to ensure that the water remains in a liquid state while ensuring the lubricating oil hydrogenation temperature and pressure. For example, the temperature is between 350 and 374°C and the pressure is 10-20 MPa. When the water contacts the grooves 9 of the spiral plate 5, it is adsorbed and accumulated by the hydrophilic and oleophobic layers, causing the water to flow downward along the grooves 9 and accumulate at the bottom of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1. After working for a period of time, the valve of the drain pipe 10 is opened to discharge the accumulated water, thereby achieving the separation and discharge of water from the lubricating oil. Example

[0023] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 10 As shown, on the basis of Example 1, it also includes a purification box 19, a partition 20, an ammonia decomposition chamber 21, a hydrogen sulfide decomposition chamber 22 and a three-way valve 23. The purification chamber is set inside the purification box 19, and the partition 20 is installed in the middle of the purification chamber of the purification box 19. A gap for gas to pass through is set between one end of the partition 20 and the inner wall of the purification box 19. The ammonia decomposition chamber 21 is set on the upper part of the partition 20, and the hydrogen sulfide decomposition chamber 22 is set on the lower part of the partition 20. The input end of the purification box 19 is connected to the output end of the vacuum pump 8 through a pipeline, the output end of the purification box 19 is connected to the channel 1 of the three-way valve 23, the input end of the hydrogen inlet pipe 4 is connected to the channel 2 of the three-way valve 23, and the channel 3 of the three-way valve 23 is connected to the external hydrogen system; it also includes a heater 24 and a plurality of guide plates 25 , heater 24 is installed on partition 1 20, multiple guide plates 1 25 are installed in the purification chamber of the purification box 19, and multiple guide plates 1 25 divide the space above the partition 1 20 into an upper rotary channel; it also includes multiple guide plates 26, oxygen inlet pipes 27, permeable membrane group 28 and residual gas pipes 29, multiple guide plates 26 are installed in the purification chamber of the purification box 19, and multiple guide plates 26 divide the space below the partition 20 into a lower rotary channel, the oxygen inlet pipe 27 is installed on the side wall of the purification box 19, and the output end of the oxygen inlet pipe 27 extends into the entrance of the lower rotary channel, the permeable membrane group 28 is installed at the outlet of the lower rotary channel, the residual gas pipe 29 is installed on the side wall of 9, and the input end of the residual gas pipe 29 extends into the outlet of the lower rotary channel, and the residual gas pipe 29 is located in front of the permeable membrane group 28.

[0024] The hydrogen and waste gas output by the vacuum pump 8 are input into the purification chamber of the purification box 19 through a pipeline. The upper rotary channel formed by multiple guide plates 25 is filled with ruthenium and nickel-based catalysts for decomposing ammonia NH3. When the waste gas enters the upper part of the purification chamber of the purification box 19 through the input end of the purification box 19, it flows along the upper rotary channel separated by the guide plate 25 and fully contacts with the catalyst. At the same time, the heater 24 heats the waste gas to 400-600°C to complete the decomposition of ammonia NH3 in the waste gas. The decomposed hydrogen and nitrogen enter the hydrogen sulfide decomposition chamber 22 through the gap between the partition 20 and the purification box 19. The lower rotary channel formed by multiple guide plates 26 is filled with activated carbon-loaded metal oxide catalysts for decomposing hydrogen sulfide H2S. The waste gas enters When entering the lower rotary channel, the exhaust gas is mixed with the oxygen input from the oxygen inlet pipe 27. During the flow of the exhaust gas in the lower rotary channel, it is oxidized by the catalyst and oxygen into sulfur and water. At this time, the exhaust gas contains hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen. When the exhaust gas reaches the outlet of the lower rotary channel, the hydrogen passes through the permeable membrane group 28 and is discharged, and the nitrogen and oxygen are intercepted and enriched. After working for a period of time, the valve of the residual gas pipe 29 is opened to discharge the mixed gas of nitrogen and oxygen, so that the purity of the hydrogen output from the purification box 19 is improved. The purified and regenerated hydrogen is output from the purification box 19 and recycled through the three-way valve 1 23 and the hydrogen inlet pipe 4. The external hydrogen system replenishes the consumed hydrogen to the hydrogen inlet pipe 4 through the three-way valve 1 23, thereby reducing the hydrogenation cost and reducing the adverse effects of nitrogen and oxygen on the lubricating oil. Example

[0025] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 9As shown, on the basis of Example 1, it also includes a normal pressure tank 30, a second air extraction pipe 31, a return pipe 32 and a second oil outlet pipe 33. A normal pressure chamber is set inside the normal pressure tank 30, the output end of the oil outlet pipe 16 extends into the middle of the normal pressure chamber of the normal pressure tank 30, the input end of the second air extraction pipe 31 extends into the top of the normal pressure chamber of the normal pressure tank 30, the output end of the second air extraction pipe 31 is connected to the input end of the air extraction pump 8, the input end of the return pipe 32 extends into the bottom of the normal pressure chamber of the normal pressure tank 30, the output end of the return pipe 32 is connected to the input end of the high-pressure pump 2, and the input end of the second oil outlet pipe 33 extends into the middle and lower part of the normal pressure chamber of the normal pressure tank 30; it also includes a vertical partition 34, a filter plate 1 35, a pressure sensor 36, a pressure Force sensor four 37 and filter plate two 38, vertical partition 34 are vertically installed in the atmospheric pressure chamber of atmospheric pressure tank 30, filter plate one 35 is installed at the lower part of vertical partition 34, pressure sensor three 36 and pressure sensor four 37 are installed on atmospheric pressure tank 30, and the probes of pressure sensor three 36 and pressure sensor four 37 are both extended into the atmospheric pressure chamber of atmospheric pressure tank 30, pressure sensor three 36, oil outlet pipe 16, exhaust pipe two 31 and return pipe 32 are located on the right side of vertical partition 34 and filter plate one 35, oil outlet pipe two 33 and pressure sensor four 37 are located on the left side of vertical partition 34 and filter plate one 35, filter plate two 38 is installed at the bottom of the atmospheric pressure chamber of atmospheric pressure tank 30, and return pipe 32 is located below filter plate two 38.

[0026] The vertical partition 34 and the filter plate 1 35 divide the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank 30 into two parts, the left and right parts. The lubricating oil output by the oil outlet pipe 16 enters the right part of the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank 30. The vertical partition 34 blocks the precipitated hydrogen and exhaust gas from entering the left part of the atmospheric pressure chamber. As the pressure on the lubricating oil decreases, the solubility of hydrogen in the lubricating oil decreases, thereby precipitating the hydrogen again. The precipitated hydrogen is pumped by the suction pump 8 to the purification box 19 through the suction pipe 2 31 for purification and recycling. The lubricating oil at the bottom of the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank 30 is pumped by the high-pressure pump 2 to the high-pressure tank 1 through the reflux pipe 32 for circulated hydrogenation refining. The oil outlet pipe 2 33 is used to pump the atmospheric pressure tank 3 0 in the atmospheric pressure chamber, realizes the secondary separation of hydrogen and circulating hydrofining of the lubricating oil, and improves the refining quality. At the same time, the filter plate 1 35 filters the lubricating oil entering the left part of the atmospheric pressure chamber, so as to reduce the impurities in the lubricating oil discharged through the oil outlet pipe 2 33. The filter plate 2 38 filters the lubricating oil entering the return pipe 32, so as to reduce the impurities in the lubricating oil for circulating hydrogenation. The pressure sensor 36 and the pressure sensor 4 37 respectively detect the pressure on the right and left sides of the filter plate 1 35 and obtain the pressure difference. When the pressure difference exceeds the set value, it indicates that the filter plate 1 35 is blocked. At this time, the hydrofining is suspended, and the filter plate 1 35 and the filter plate 2 38 are cleaned before continuing the hydrofining.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, a lubricating oil hydrorefining equipment of the present invention, when it is working, first the high-pressure pump 2 runs to pressurize the lubricating oil and input it into the lower part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1, and at the same time the hydrogen inlet pipe 4 inputs hydrogen into the lower part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1, and the hydrogen and the lubricating oil are fully and evenly mixed under the stirring and cutting action of the multi-guide plate 14, the heater in the high-pressure tank 1 heats the lubricating oil, and adjusts the threshold value of the pressure limiting valve of the oil outlet pipe 16 so that the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1 maintains a high-pressure state, and then the lubricating oil mixed with hydrogen flows along the ascending channel formed by the spiral plate 5 to the upper part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank 1, and in the process of the lubricating oil flowing, the impurities in the lubricating oil are efficiently hydrogenated under the action of the catalyst on the spiral plate 5, and the impurities in the lubricating oil are removed to achieve refining, and waste gases such as hydrogen sulfide H2S and ammonia NH3 are generated, and then the vacuum pump 8 runs to pump the interior of the permeable membrane separation cylinder 6 into a low-pressure area through the exhaust pipe 7, so that The hydrogen and waste gas in the lubricating oil efficiently pass through the permeable membrane on the permeable membrane separation cylinder 6 to separate the lubricating oil from the gas. The hydrogen and waste gas entering the permeable membrane separation cylinder 6 are discharged into the purification box 19 through the exhaust pipe 7 and the suction pump 8 for purification. After obtaining pure hydrogen, it is recycled through the three-way valve 23 and the hydrogen inlet pipe 4. Finally, the lubricating oil output by the oil outlet pipe 16 enters the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank 30. Due to the reduction in the pressure on the lubricating oil, the solubility of hydrogen in the lubricating oil decreases, thereby precipitating the hydrogen again. The precipitated hydrogen is pumped to the purification box 19 by the suction pump 8 through the suction pipe 2 31 for purification and recycling. The lubricating oil at the bottom of the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank 30 is filtered by the filter plate 2 38 and then pumped to the high-pressure tank 1 through the reflux pipe 32 by the high-pressure pump 2 for cyclic hydrogenation refining. The oil outlet pipe 2 33 discharges the refined lubricating oil filtered by the filter plate 1 35 in the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank 30.

[0028] The main functions achieved by the present invention are: 1. Hydrogenation mixing, hydrorefining and oil-gas separation are carried out in the same high-temperature and high-pressure tank, eliminating the need for a dedicated oil-gas separation system and secondary heating and pressurization, reducing energy consumption and achieving hydrogenation reaction in a catalyst environment, thereby improving hydrorefining efficiency; 2. Use materials with hydrophilic and oleophobic layers to gather and separate water from lubricating oil; 3. Use the kinetic energy of the lubricating oil to drive the impeller structure to stir and cut the lubricating oil and hydrogen, so that the lubricating oil and hydrogen are fully mixed; 4. Ability to purify the regenerated hydrogen and recycle it to reduce hydrogenation costs; 5. Lubricating oil is recycled and hydrorefined to improve the refining quality.

[0029] The lubricating oil hydrotreating equipment of the present invention has common mechanical installation methods, connection methods or setting methods, which can be implemented as long as they can achieve their beneficial effects; the high-pressure tank 1, high-pressure pump 2, oil inlet pipe 3, hydrogen inlet pipe 4, permeable membrane separation cylinder 6, vacuum pump 8, bearing 13, guide plate 14, outer ring 15, pressure sensor 1 17, pressure sensor 2 18, purification box 19, heater 2 24, guide plate 1 25, guide plate 2 26, oxygen inlet pipe 27, permeable membrane group 2 28, residual gas pipe 29, three-way valve 1 23, filter plate 1 35, pressure sensor 3 36, pressure sensor 4 37, filter plate 2 38 of the lubricating oil hydrotreating equipment of the present invention are purchased on the market, and technical personnel in this industry only need to install and operate them according to the accompanying instruction manual, without the need for technical personnel in this field to make creative labor.

[0030] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lubricating oil hydrorefining equipment, comprising a high-pressure tank (1), a high-pressure pump (2), an oil inlet pipe (3) and a hydrogen inlet pipe (4), wherein a hydrogenation chamber is provided inside the high-pressure tank (1), a heater is installed in the hydrogenation chamber, an oil inlet pipe (3) is installed at the output end of the high-pressure pump (2), the output end of the oil inlet pipe (3) extends into the hydrogenation chamber, and the output end of the hydrogen inlet pipe (4) extends into the hydrogenation chamber; characterized in that, The invention also includes a spiral plate (5), a permeable membrane separation cylinder (6), an exhaust pipe (7), an air pump (8) and an oil outlet pipe (16). The output ends of the oil inlet pipe (3) and the hydrogen inlet pipe (4) are both located at the lower part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank (1). The spiral plate (5) is installed in the middle of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank (1). A hydrogenation catalyst is arranged on the surface of the spiral plate (5). The spiral plate (5) divides the middle part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank (1) into a spiral ascending channel. The permeable membrane separation cylinder (6) is installed in the upper part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank (1). The outer wall of the permeable membrane separation cylinder (6) is provided with a permeable membrane for hydrogen and waste gas to enter. The input end of the exhaust pipe (7) extends into the interior of the permeable membrane separation cylinder (6). The output end of the exhaust pipe (7) is connected to the air pump (8). The input end of the oil outlet pipe (16) extends into the upper part of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank (1). A pressure limiting valve is arranged at the output end of the oil outlet pipe (16).

2. A lubricating oil hydrorefining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a groove (9) and a drain pipe (10), wherein the groove (9) is provided on the upper surface of the spiral plate (5), a hydrophilic and oleophobic layer is provided on the surface of the groove (9), the drain pipe (10) is installed at the bottom of the high-pressure tank (1), the input end of the drain pipe (10) extends into the bottom of the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank (1), and a valve is installed at the output end of the drain pipe (10).

3. The lubricating oil hydrorefining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a protrusion 1 (11) and a protrusion 2 (12), which are installed on the lower surface of the spiral plate (5), and catalysts are provided on the surfaces of the protrusion 1 (11) and the protrusion 2 (12).

4. The lubricating oil hydrorefining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a bearing (13), a plurality of guide plates (14) and an outer ring (15). The output end of the hydrogen inlet pipe (4) is arranged relative to the output end of the oil inlet pipe (3). The bearing (13) is sleeved on the outer wall of the output end of the hydrogen inlet pipe (4). The plurality of guide plates (14) are connected to the outer ring of the bearing (13). The plurality of guide plates (14) are evenly arranged around the circumference. The plurality of guide plates (14) are inclined with respect to the vertical plane. The outer ends of the plurality of guide plates (14) are connected to the inner wall of the outer ring (15). The outer ring (15) is located below and outside the bearing (13).

5. The lubricating oil hydrorefining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a pressure sensor 1 (17) and a pressure sensor 2 (18). The pressure sensor 1 (17) and the pressure sensor 2 (18) are installed on the high-pressure tank (1). The probe of the pressure sensor 1 (17) extends into the hydrogenation chamber of the high-pressure tank (1), and the probe of the pressure sensor 2 (18) extends into the interior of the permeable membrane separation cylinder (6).

6. The lubricating oil hydrorefining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also includes a purification box (19), a partition (20), an ammonia decomposition chamber (21), a hydrogen sulfide decomposition chamber (22) and a three-way valve (23). A purification chamber is provided inside the purification box (19). The partition (20) is installed in the middle of the purification chamber of the purification box (19). A gap for gas to pass through is provided between one end of the partition (20) and the inner wall of the purification box (19). An ammonia decomposition chamber (21) is provided on the upper part of the partition (20), and a hydrogen sulfide decomposition chamber (22) is provided on the lower part of the partition (20). The input end of the purification box (19) is connected to the output end of the vacuum pump (8) through a pipeline, the output end of the purification box (19) is connected to the channel 1 of the three-way valve (23), the input end of the hydrogen inlet pipe (4) is connected to the channel 2 of the three-way valve (23), and the channel 3 of the three-way valve (23) is connected to the external hydrogen system.

7. A lubricating oil hydrorefining equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a heater 2 (24) and a plurality of guide plates 1 (25), wherein the heater 2 (24) is mounted on the partition 1 (20), and the plurality of guide plates 1 (25) are mounted in the purification chamber of the purification box (19), and the plurality of guide plates 1 (25) divide the space above the partition 1 (20) into an upper rotary channel.

8. The lubricating oil hydrorefining equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of guide plates (26), an oxygen inlet pipe (27), a permeable membrane group (28) and a residual gas pipe (29). The plurality of guide plates (26) are installed in the purification chamber of the purification box (19). The plurality of guide plates (26) divide the space below the partition (20) into a lower rotary channel. The oxygen inlet pipe (27) is installed on the side wall of the purification box (19). The output end of the oxygen inlet pipe (27) extends into the inlet of the lower rotary channel. The permeable membrane group (28) is installed at the outlet of the lower rotary channel. The residual gas pipe (29) is installed on the side wall of 9. The input end of the residual gas pipe (29) extends into the outlet of the lower rotary channel. The residual gas pipe (29) is located in front of the permeable membrane group (28).

9. The lubricating oil hydrorefining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a normal pressure tank (30), a second air extraction pipe (31), a return pipe (32) and a second oil outlet pipe (33). A normal pressure chamber is provided inside the normal pressure tank (30). The output end of the oil outlet pipe (16) extends into the middle of the normal pressure chamber of the normal pressure tank (30). The input end of the second air extraction pipe (31) extends into the top of the normal pressure chamber of the normal pressure tank (30). The output end of the second air extraction pipe (31) is connected to the input end of the air extraction pump (8). The input end of the return pipe (32) extends into the bottom of the normal pressure chamber of the normal pressure tank (30). The output end of the return pipe (32) is connected to the input end of the high-pressure pump (2). The input end of the second oil outlet pipe (33) extends into the middle and lower part of the normal pressure chamber of the normal pressure tank (30).

10. The lubricating oil hydrorefining equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a vertical partition (34), a filter plate 1 (35), a pressure sensor 3 (36), a pressure sensor 4 (37) and a filter plate 2 (38), wherein the vertical partition (34) is vertically installed in the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank (30), the filter plate 1 (35) is installed at the lower part of the vertical partition (34), the pressure sensor 3 (36) and the pressure sensor 4 (37) are installed on the atmospheric pressure tank (30), and the probes of the pressure sensor 3 (36) and the pressure sensor 4 (37) are both extended into the atmospheric pressure chamber. In the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank (30), the pressure sensor 3 (36), the oil outlet pipe (16), the air extraction pipe 2 (31) and the return pipe (32) are located on the right side of the vertical partition (34) and the filter plate 1 (35), the oil outlet pipe 2 (33) and the pressure sensor 4 (37) are located on the left side of the vertical partition (34) and the filter plate 1 (35), the filter plate 2 (38) is installed at the bottom of the atmospheric pressure chamber of the atmospheric pressure tank (30), and the return pipe (32) is located below the filter plate 2 (38).

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