Flexible laryngoscope for vocal cord fascia operation

Abstract

The invention provides a flexible laryngoscope for a vocal cord fascia operation. The flexible laryngoscope effectively solves the problems that an existing laryngoscope is invariable in shape, invariable in shape and incapable of being adjusted at will in supporting strength during use, the epiglottis and the throat are very likely to be excessively supported or scratched, flexible adjustment cannot be achieved, and applicability and practicability are poor. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a handle, a fixing cylinder is arranged on the left side of the handle, and a plurality of supporting units are arranged on the right side of the fixing cylinder; the multiple supporting units form a flexible mechanism; each supporting unit comprises a front small plate and a rear small plate, and two arc-shaped plates are arranged between the two small plates; when the arc-shaped plates on the multiple supporting units are opened at the same time, the throat can be opened; the lower ends of the small plates in the adjacent supporting units are hinged together, lead screws are arranged on the outer sides of the small plates, nuts are arranged on the lead screws, connecting rods are hinged to the nuts, and the upper ends of the connecting rods are hinged to the adjacent small plates. When the lead screws rotate at the same time, the upper ends of every two adjacent small plates are gradually close to each other, so that the flexible mechanism is of a bent arc-shaped structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of supported laryngoscopes, in particular to a flexible laryngoscope for vocal cord fascia surgery. Background Art

[0002] During vocal cord surgery, a laryngoscope is required for assistance. Currently, some laryngoscopes are roughly divided into two types. One type is directly inserted using a cylinder. During use, due to the large front section, it is easy to scratch the side wall of the larynx during insertion, causing secondary damage. The other type is assembled, which is expanded after insertion to expose the glottis. In essence, it is still a straight-cylinder structure, and during and after insertion, it still exerts great pressure on the larynx. According to clinical experience, the passage between the laryngopharynx and the oral cavity of the larynx is generally arc-shaped, and it is obvious that an arc-shaped laryngoscope is easier to insert. However, considering that the operation requires observation with a binocular surgical microscope, the patient needs to lie on his back during the operation, and the oral cavity and vocal cords are in a straight line, so a straight-cylinder laryngoscope is more convenient for surgery. However, existing laryngoscopes cannot meet both of the above conditions at the same time.

[0003] A search revealed that the prior art patent document CN101342071A discloses a laryngeal dilator that uses a curved, movable expansion plate for post-insertion support. However, the curvature of the main body remains unchanged, making it difficult to adapt to different patients. Similarly, patent documents CN209733945U and CN109602384B also employ movable support plates, but the curvature of these plates remains unadjustable during use. Surgeons are forced to use specialized curved scissors or knives, which further complicates the procedure. Patent document CN219480040U, a flexible visual laryngoscope sleeve, claims to utilize a flexible laryngoscope. However, the disclosed documents show that the sleeve only utilizes a movable tongue depressor 8 for tongue support, with no mention of flexible support for the throat. In short, whether it is a straight laryngoscope or an arc-shaped supported laryngoscope, its shape and form cannot be changed during use, and the supporting strength cannot be adjusted at will. It is easy to cause excessive support or scratching of the epiglottis and larynx. It cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the specific conditions of different patients, and its applicability and practicality are poor.

[0004] A flexible laryngoscope for vocal cord fascia surgery is now provided to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the existing technology, the present invention provides a flexible laryngoscope for vocal cord fascia surgery, which effectively solves the problems of the existing laryngoscope in which the form and shape cannot be changed during use, the support strength cannot be adjusted at will, it is easy to cause excessive support or scratching of the epiglottis and larynx, and it cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the specific conditions of different patients, and has poor applicability and practicality.

[0006] The technical solution is to include a handle, a fixed cylinder is fixed on the left side of the handle, and a plurality of support units are evenly distributed and connected end to end on the right side of the fixed cylinder, and the support units can expand the throat; the plurality of support units form a flexible mechanism with adjustable curvature; The support unit includes two vertical small plates arranged symmetrically in front and back, with two curved plates between the two small plates. The two curved plates are opened facing each other, and the ends of the curved plates are hinged to the corresponding small plates via torsion springs. The two curved plates can be opened or closed; when the curved plates on multiple support units are opened at the same time, the throat can be opened; The lower ends of the small plates on the same side in adjacent supporting units are hinged together to form a chain structure. A rotatable screw is installed on the outside of the small plate, a nut is screwed on the screw, and a connecting rod is hinged on the nut. The upper end of the connecting rod is tilted to the right and hinged to the adjacent small plate; when multiple screws rotate at the same time, the nuts on the screws gradually bring the upper ends of the two adjacent small plates closer together through the connecting rod, thereby making the flexible mechanism a curved arc structure.

[0007] Preferably, an axial square hole is opened at the end of the screw, and a square shaft is inserted in the square hole. The square shaft can slide axially in the square hole but does not disengage, and the two square shafts between adjacent screws are connected via a universal coupling; a rotatable ring gear is mounted on the outer side of the fixed cylinder, and a rotatable gear is installed on the fixed cylinder, and the square shaft on the far left is fixed together with the gear; when the ring gear drives the square shaft on the far left to rotate via the gear, multiple screws rotate simultaneously.

[0008] Preferably, there is a screw on the side wall of the fixed cylinder, which is arranged horizontally and can move axially when the screw rotates. The right end of the screw is connected to a main rope, and the main rope extends to the right; the hinged part of the end of the arc plate is installed with a pulley, and an auxiliary rope is wound on the pulley, and the auxiliary rope is connected to the main rope; when the screw rotates and drives the main rope to move to the left, the main rope can drive multiple pulleys to rotate at the same time through multiple auxiliary ropes, so that multiple arc plates can rotate to the right, and then multiple support units are in a closed state.

[0009] Preferably, the ends of the arc-shaped plates are provided with tooth structures, and the tooth structures at the ends of the two arc-shaped plates in the same support unit are in a meshing state.

[0010] Preferably, the pulley is located between the arc plate and the small plate, a recessed area is provided on the outer side of the end of the arc plate, and the pulley is located in the recessed area; the main rope passes through multiple support units in sequence.

[0011] Preferably, a cap is mounted on the right end of the screw rod, and the screw rod drives the main rope to move via the cap; a bearing is installed between the cap and the screw rod; and a bearing is installed between the screw rod and the fixed cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, a guide piece is provided in the middle of the arc-shaped plate, the cross-section of the guide piece is C-shaped, the left end of the guide piece is fixed on the inner side of the arc-shaped plate and the right end extends to the right; when multiple support units are distributed in multiple straight lines and their respective arc-shaped plates are in an open state, multiple guide pieces can be connected end to end to form a guide rail.

[0013] Preferably, there is an arc-shaped cover plate on the outside of the small plate, the cover plate and the small plate form a hollow structure, and the connecting rod and the lead screw are located between the small plate and the cover plate.

[0014] The invention adopts the method of contracting to enter, then expanding, and finally straightening. Firstly, it can avoid secondary damage to the throat mucosa, secondly, it can be inserted more conveniently, and thirdly, it can be adjusted to different degrees according to different patients, and is highly practical.

[0015] The present invention can not only meet the requirements of convenient insertion, but also meet the requirements of surgical operation. It can adjust the opening force according to needs, and can adaptively adjust the curvature presented by multiple support units according to the patient's own differences. It is easy to use, helps to improve surgical efficiency, and reduces patient pain.

[0016] The present invention adopts the opening and closing of a pair of arc-shaped plates to realize the expansion of the larynx, and realizes the exposure of the vocal cords through a flexible chain structure. The structure is ingenious and practical.

[0017] In the present invention, the displacement generated by the rotation of the screw drives all the curved plates to rotate through the main rope, and the angle between the corresponding curved plates increases, thereby achieving radial expansion of the larynx and fully exposing the vocal cords; and the gear ring drives all the lead screws to rotate through the gears, thereby controlling the curvature of the flexible mechanism composed of multiple support units, so as to achieve a straight line between the vocal cords and the oral cavity for observation under a surgical microscope; the two functions cooperate with each other to meet the requirements of various vocal cord surgeries or examinations as much as possible, with a wide range of adaptability and strong practicality.

[0018] The present invention has an ingenious structure and adopts a flexible design. It can be adjusted according to the specific conditions of different patients. It can be inserted in a bent state and adjusted to a straight cylindrical shape after insertion. It will not scratch the epiglottis and larynx when inserted into the larynx. After insertion, it can support and open the entire larynx and fully expose the vocal cords under the surgical microscope lens. It is convenient for insertion and can expose the entire vocal cords within the visual range of the surgical microscope, thus achieving the best of both worlds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is the front view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a side view of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional exploded view of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the handle, fixed cylinder, upper gear ring, and gear structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a state diagram of the support unit in the present invention when it is in an expanded state.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the state of the support unit in the present invention when it is in a closed state.

[0026] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the support unit in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the arc plate, its upper wire wheel and guide plate in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of a flexible mechanism composed of multiple support units in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a state diagram of the present invention before insertion into the throat.

[0030] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The main view in state.

[0031] Figure 13 The structural diagram after installing a curved cover on the small board.

[0032] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the small board in the present invention in the expanded state after the cover plate is installed.

[0033] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the small plate in the present invention in a closed state after the cover plate is installed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Depend on Figures 1 to 15 The present invention includes a handle 1, a fixed cylinder 2 is fixed on the left side of the handle 1, and a plurality of support units 3 are evenly distributed and connected end to end on the right side of the fixed cylinder 2. The support units 3 can expand the throat; the plurality of support units 3 form a flexible mechanism with adjustable curvature; The support unit 3 includes two vertical small plates 4 arranged symmetrically in front and back, with two curved plates 5 between the two small plates 4. The two curved plates 5 are opened facing each other, and the ends of the curved plates 5 are hinged to the corresponding small plates 4 via torsion springs. The two curved plates 5 can be opened or closed. When the curved plates 5 on multiple support units 3 are opened at the same time, the throat can be opened. The lower ends of the small plates 4 on the same side in adjacent supporting units 3 are hinged together to form a chain structure. A rotatable screw 6 is installed on the outside of the small plate 4, and a nut 7 is screwed on the screw 6. A connecting rod 8 is hinged on the nut 7. The upper end of the connecting rod 8 is tilted to the right and is hinged to the adjacent small plate 4; when multiple screws 6 rotate at the same time, the nut 7 on the screw 6 gradually brings the upper ends of the two adjacent small plates 4 closer together through the connecting rod 8, thereby making the flexible mechanism a curved arc structure.

[0036] like Figure 1 、 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 4, in order to realize the simultaneous rotation of multiple screws 6 and thus control the curvature of the flexible mechanism composed of multiple support units 3, an axial square hole is opened at the end of the screw 6, and a square shaft 9 is inserted in the square hole. The square shaft 9 can slide axially in the square hole but does not disengage. The two square shafts 9 between adjacent screws 6 are connected via a universal joint 10; a rotatable ring gear 11 is mounted on the outer side of the fixed cylinder 2, and a rotatable gear 12 is installed on the fixed cylinder 2, and the square shaft 9 on the far left is fixed together with the gear 12; when the ring gear 11 drives the square shaft 9 on the far left to rotate via the gear 12, multiple screws 6 rotate simultaneously.

[0037] like Figure 4 、 7 As shown in Figures 8 and 11, in order to control the simultaneous opening or closing of the curved plates 5 on multiple support units 3, a screw 13 is provided on the side wall of the fixed cylinder 2, and the screw 13 is arranged horizontally. When the screw 13 rotates, it can move axially, and the right end of the screw 13 is connected to a main rope 14, which extends to the right; a pulley 15 is installed at the hinged part of the end of the curved plate 5, and an auxiliary rope is wound around the pulley 15, and the auxiliary rope is connected to the main rope 14; when the screw 13 rotates and drives the main rope 14 to move to the left, the main rope 14 can simultaneously drive multiple pulleys 15 to rotate through multiple auxiliary ropes, so that multiple curved plates 5 rotate to the right, and then multiple support units 3 are in a closed state.

[0038] like Figure 7 、 8 As shown in Figures 9, in order to ensure that the right rotation angles of the two arc-shaped plates 5 in the same support unit 3 are always consistent, the ends of the arc-shaped plates 5 are provided with tooth structures, and the tooth structures at the ends of the two arc-shaped plates 5 in the same support unit 3 are in a meshing state.

[0039] like Figure 4 、 8As shown, in order to prevent the main rope 14 from interfering with the surgical line of sight, the pulley 15 is located between the arc plate 5 and the small plate 4, and a recessed area is provided on the outer side of the end of the arc plate 5, and the pulley 15 is located in the recessed area; the main rope 14 passes through multiple support units 3 in sequence.

[0040] like Figure 3 、 4 As shown, in order to prevent the main rope 14 from twisting off, a cap 16 is installed on the right end of the screw 13, and the screw 13 drives the main rope 14 to move through the cap 16; a bearing is installed between the cap 16 and the screw 13; the screw 13 and the fixed cylinder 2 are connected by a threaded structure. When the screw 13 rotates, the axial movement of the screw 13 is achieved under the action of the threaded structure.

[0041] like Figure 6 、 7 As shown in Figures 8 and 9, in order to facilitate the insertion of the trachea and the optical fiber tube, a guide piece 17 is provided in the middle of the arc-shaped plate 5. The cross-section of the guide piece 17 is C-shaped, and the left end of the guide piece 17 is fixed to the inner side of the arc-shaped plate 5 and the right end extends to the right; when the multiple support units 3 are distributed in a straight line and their respective arc-shaped plates 5 are in an open state, the multiple guide pieces 17 can be connected end to end to form a guide rail.

[0042] like Figure 13 As shown, in order to prevent the connecting rod 8 from scratching the mucosa of the side wall of the throat, an arc-shaped cover plate 18 is provided on the outside of the small plate 4. The cover plate 18 and the small plate 4 form a hollow structure, and the connecting rod 8 and the lead screw 6 are located between the small plate 4 and the cover plate 18.

[0043] It is worth noting that a bearing is installed between the lead screw 6 and the small plate 4; a torsion spring is installed between the end of the arc plate 5 and the small plate 4. When the torsion spring is not subjected to external force, the two arc plates 5 in one support unit 3 are tilted to the right, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 7 、 8 As shown; the screw 13 drives the main rope 14 to move to the left through the cap 16, and the main rope 14 drives multiple pulleys 15 to rotate to the left through multiple auxiliary ropes at the same time, and the torsion spring is compressed until the two arc plates 5 in a support unit 3 are opened relative to each other and are in the same plane, that is, at this time the support unit 3 is in an open state, which plays a supporting role on the throat, as shown Figure 6 shown.

[0044] Before inserting into the throat, the present invention needs to make the two arc plates 5 in the support unit 3 be in the following position: Figure 7 、 8The closed state shown in the figure can minimize the scratching of the laryngeal cavity side wall mask as much as possible. At the same time, the gear ring 11 needs to be screwed. The gear ring 11 drives multiple screws 6 to rotate simultaneously through the gear 12. The nuts 7 on the multiple screws 6 shorten the distance between the upper ends of the two adjacent small plates 4 through the connecting rod 8 thereon. In this way, the flexible mechanism composed of multiple support units 3 is curved in an arc shape until the flexible mechanism shows a suitable curvature. Stop rotating the gear ring 11. At this time, the state is as follows Figure 11 、 12 , 15, and then insert the present invention along the patient's mouth to the position of the vocal cords in the larynx, so that the larynx can be expanded.

[0045] During expansion, the screw 13 on the fixed cylinder 2 is screwed to move the screw 13 to the left. The screw 13 moves to the left and drives the main rope 14 to be pulled to the left through the cap 16. The main rope 14 drives the two curved plates 5 in the support unit 3 to move away from each other through multiple auxiliary ropes. When the two curved plates 5 reach Figure 6 The operation is stopped after the state shown. At this time, the epiglottis and larynx have been fully stretched, and the entire device is still in an arc shape. At this time, the surgical microscope cannot see the vocal cords, so the flexible mechanism needs to be adjusted back to a straight line. Specifically, the ring gear 11 is rotated in the opposite direction. The ring gear 11 drives the multiple lead screws 6 to rotate simultaneously through the gear 12, thereby moving the multiple nuts 7 to the right, and finally the multiple support units 3 are arranged in a straight line. At this point, the vocal cords are completely exposed to the field of view of the surgical microscope. The handle 1 is fixed to the fixed frame and kept motionless until the end of the operation. The above operation steps are reversed to finally withdraw the present invention.

[0046] It is not difficult to see from the above that the present invention shrinks as much as possible before being inserted into the throat to protect the laryngeal mucosa as much as possible. After being inserted into the laryngeal cavity, the throat is first supported and then the multiple support units 3 are straightened. The whole process is divided into two steps: supporting and straightening. This can reduce the sliding or displacement of the laryngoscope on the laryngeal mucosa and protect the mucosa from dislocation.

Claims

1. A flexible laryngoscope for vocal cord fascia surgery, characterized in that: The invention comprises a handle (1), a fixed cylinder (2) is fixed on the left side of the handle (1), and a plurality of support units (3) are evenly distributed and connected end to end on the right side of the fixed cylinder (2), and the support units (3) can open the throat; the plurality of support units (3) form a flexible mechanism with adjustable curvature; The support unit (3) comprises two small plates (4) arranged symmetrically in front and back and vertically, two arc-shaped plates (5) are arranged between the two small plates (4), the two arc-shaped plates (5) are opened facing each other, the ends of the arc-shaped plates (5) and the corresponding small plates (4) are hinged together via a torsion spring, and the two arc-shaped plates (5) can be opened or closed; when the arc-shaped plates (5) on multiple support units (3) are opened at the same time, the throat can be opened; The lower ends of the small plates (4) on the same side of the adjacent support units (3) are hinged together to form a chain structure. A rotatable screw (6) is installed on the outside of the small plate (4). A nut (7) is screwed on the screw (6). A connecting rod (8) is hinged on the nut (7). The upper end of the connecting rod (8) is tilted to the right and is hinged to the adjacent small plate (4). When the multiple screws (6) rotate simultaneously, the nuts (7) on the screws (6) gradually move the upper ends of the two adjacent small plates (4) closer together through the connecting rod (8), thereby making the flexible mechanism present a curved arc structure.

2. A flexible laryngoscope for vocal cord fascia surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the lead screw (6) is provided with an axial square hole, and a square shaft (9) is inserted into the square hole. The square shaft (9) can slide axially in the square hole but does not separate. The two square shafts (9) between adjacent lead screws (6) are connected via a universal coupling (10); a rotatable ring gear (11) is sleeved on the outer side of the fixed cylinder (2), and a rotatable gear (12) is installed on the fixed cylinder (2). The square shaft (9) on the far left is fixed together with the gear (12); when the ring gear (11) drives the square shaft (9) on the far left to rotate via the gear (12), the multiple lead screws (6) rotate simultaneously.

3. The flexible laryngoscope for vocal cord fascia surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A screw (13) is provided on the side wall of the fixed cylinder (2), and the screw (13) is arranged horizontally. When the screw (13) rotates, it can move in the axial direction. The right end of the screw (13) is connected to a main rope (14), and the main rope (14) extends to the right. A wire wheel (15) is installed at the hinged portion of the end of the arc plate (5), and an auxiliary rope is wound around the wire wheel (15), and the auxiliary rope is connected to the main rope (14). When the screw (13) rotates and drives the main rope (14) to move to the left, the main rope (14) can simultaneously drive the multiple wire wheels (15) to rotate through the multiple auxiliary ropes, so that the multiple arc plates (5) rotate to the right, thereby making the multiple support units (3) in a closed state.

4. The flexible laryngoscope for vocal cord fascia surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ends of the arc-shaped plates (5) are provided with tooth structures, and the tooth structures at the ends of the two arc-shaped plates (5) in the same support unit (3) are in a meshing state.

5. A flexible laryngoscope for vocal cord fascia surgery according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The line wheel (15) is located between the arc plate (5) and the small plate (4); a recessed area is provided outside the end of the arc plate (5), and the line wheel (15) is located in the recessed area; the main rope (14) passes through the plurality of support units (3) in sequence.

6. The flexible laryngoscope for vocal cord fascia surgery according to claim 5, characterized in that: The right end of the screw rod (13) is fitted with a cap (16), and the screw rod (13) drives the main rope (14) to move via the cap (16); a bearing is installed between the cap (16) and the screw rod (13); the screw rod (13) and the fixed cylinder (2) are connected via a threaded structure, and when the screw rod (13) rotates, the axial movement of the screw rod (13) is achieved under the action of the threaded structure.

7. The flexible laryngoscope for vocal cord fascia surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide piece (17) is provided in the middle of the arc-shaped plate (5), and the cross section of the guide piece (17) is C-shaped. The left end of the guide piece (17) is fixed to the inner side of the arc-shaped plate (5) and the right end extends to the right. When the plurality of support units (3) are distributed in a straight line and their respective arc-shaped plates (5) are in an open state, the plurality of guide pieces (17) can be connected end to end to form a guide rail.

8. A flexible laryngoscope for vocal cord fascia surgery according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7, characterized in that: The small plate (4) is provided with an arc-shaped cover plate (18) on the outside. The cover plate (18) and the small plate (4) form a hollow structure. The connecting rod (8) and the lead screw (6) are located between the small plate (4) and the cover plate (18).

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