Sample sampling and detecting device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of instant diagnosis, and particularly relates to a sample sampling and detecting device. The sample sampling and detecting device comprises a sample diluting assembly and a sampling assembly, the sample dilution assembly comprises a sample dilution box, and the sample dilution box is provided with a containing cavity for storing sample dilution liquid; the sampling assembly comprises a sampling head, detection test paper and a flow guide structure, the sampling head is provided with a liquid inlet, the sampling head can be inserted into the accommodating cavity so that a sample diluent enters the sampling head through the liquid inlet and is mixed with a sample, and the flow guide structure is arranged in the sampling head and is provided with a flow guide part; a lateral flow channel is formed between the flow guide part and the inner wall of the sampling head. By using the sample sampling and detecting device in the technical scheme, a sample diluent can be prevented from overflowing from a gap between the outer wall of the sampling head and the inner wall of the sample dilution box in the process that the sampling head is inserted into the sample dilution box, meanwhile, waste caused by splashing of the sample diluent can be prevented, and full contact of the sample diluent and detection test paper is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of instant diagnosis, and in particular relates to a sample sampling and detection device. Background Art

[0002] The detection of immune markers in the blood is a laboratory technology that analyzes specific molecules or cells related to the immune system in the blood to evaluate the body's immune function, assist in disease diagnosis, and monitor the effectiveness of treatment. Its core is to use the principle of antigen-antibody specific binding to detect changes in immune-related indicators and provide accurate medical information for clinicians, so as to achieve the purpose of finding the cause of the disease, diagnosing and differentially diagnosing the disease, estimating the patient's condition, or evaluating the efficacy of the treatment. The traditional card-type blood sample collection and testing method is to use a blood collection needle to prick the fingertip, then collect the fingertip blood in the sample collection container, insert it into the sample diluent to mix, and then insert the corresponding test paper into the sample in the specified way or add the sample to the reagent card sample hole, and read the test results after waiting for a certain period of time.

[0003] Since traditional sampling methods are complicated and difficult to operate, and are not suitable for personal self-testing, sampling and detection devices have come into being. Existing sampling and detection devices usually include a sampling head and a sample diluent box. The sample diluent box is provided with a storage chamber for storing sample diluent. After sampling, the sampling head is inserted into the storage chamber to mix the sample and sample diluent for testing. The storage chamber of the existing sampling and detection device is provided with a filter element. The outer side of the filter element and the inner wall of the storage chamber are interference-connected. When the sampling head is inserted into the storage chamber, the fluid resistance is large, which easily causes the sample diluent to overflow from the gap between the sampling head and the sample diluent box. The diluted sample cannot be fully utilized and may cause contamination. When no filter element is provided, when the sampling head is inserted into the storage chamber, the sample diluent splashes, resulting in the sample not being able to blend well with the sample diluent.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a sample sampling and detection device that can prevent the sample diluent from overflowing and splashing to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least solve the problem of how to prevent the sample diluent from overflowing and splashing. This object is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A first aspect of the present invention provides a sample sampling and detection device, comprising:

[0007] The sample dilution component includes a sample dilution box having a receiving cavity for storing a sample diluent;

[0008] The sampling assembly includes a sampling head, a test paper and a guide structure. The sampling head has a liquid inlet. The sampling end of the test paper is located inside the sampling head. The sampling head can be inserted into the accommodating cavity so that the sample diluent enters the interior of the sampling head through the liquid inlet and mixes with the sample. The guide structure is arranged inside the sampling head. The guide structure is provided with a guide part. A lateral flow channel is provided between the guide part and the inner wall of the sampling head. The guide part is arranged in the flow direction of the sample diluent.

[0009] The sample sampling and detection device in the present technical solution eliminates the setting of the filter element in the existing solution, and is provided with a lateral flow channel, thereby improving the flow resistance of the accommodating chamber, and preventing the sample diluent from overflowing from the gap between the outer wall of the sampling head and the inner wall of the sample diluent box during the insertion of the sampling head into the sample diluent box. In addition, at the moment the sampling head is inserted into the accommodating chamber, the sample diluent flows into the interior of the sampling head from the liquid inlet, and the sample diluent will impact the guide portion of the guide structure in the form of sputtering, and the guide portion will remove the impact force and fall back. As the amount of sample diluent falling back gradually increases, the sample diluent will flow upward until it contacts the test paper. By providing the guide portion, the sample diluent can be prevented from being wasted due to splashing, and sufficient contact between the sample diluent and the test paper can be ensured.

[0010] In addition, the sample sampling and detection device of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the flow guide structure further includes a bottom plate and two first side plates, the two sides of the first direction of the flow guide portion are respectively connected to the bottom plate by the first side plates and are spaced apart from the bottom plate, the bottom plate is provided with a flow guide hole, the flow guide portion is arranged opposite to the flow guide hole, and the two sides of the second direction of the flow guide portion form the lateral flow channel, the sample diluent in the accommodating chamber can contact the sampling end through the liquid inlet, the flow guide hole and the lateral flow channel in sequence, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the guide structure also includes two second side plates, which are respectively located on both sides of the second direction of the guide portion and are spaced apart from the guide portion to form the lateral flow channel, and the two ends of the second side plates along the second direction are respectively connected to the adjacent first side plates.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sampling assembly further comprises a bracket having a mounting groove, the portion of the test paper away from the sampling end is arranged inside the mounting groove, the end of the bracket close to the sampling end is inserted into the sampling head, the guide portion is arranged circumferentially around the bracket, and seals the gap between the outer periphery of the bracket and the inner wall of the sampling head.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the sampling head includes a sampling part and a plug-in part, the sampling part and the plug-in part are connected, the sampling part is provided with at least one capillary channel, the plug-in part is provided with a connecting cavity, the liquid inlet is provided at one end of the sampling part away from the plug-in part, the liquid inlet, the capillary channel and the connecting cavity are connected in sequence, and the guide structure is provided inside the connecting cavity and connected to the inner wall of the connecting cavity.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the capillary channel has a preset volume and is used to collect a preset volume of sample diluent.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the flow areas of the capillary channels are consistent along the extension direction of the capillary channels.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the capillary channel is a cylindrical channel.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the inner wall of the capillary channel is provided with a hydrophilic coating.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the accommodating chamber includes a first accommodating chamber and a second accommodating chamber that are connected to each other. When the sampling head is inserted into the accommodating chamber, the sampling portion is located in the first accommodating chamber, the outer wall of the plug-in portion and the inner wall of the second accommodating chamber are interference-connected, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sampling portion is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the plug-in portion, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first accommodating chamber is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second accommodating chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. The same reference numerals are used throughout the accompanying drawings to denote the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 Schematically shows a structural diagram of a sample sampling and detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 Schematically shows a structural diagram of a sampling assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Schematically shows an exploded view of a sample sampling and detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4The schematic diagram of the structure of the guide structure according to the embodiment of the present invention at a certain viewing angle is shown schematically. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 5 Schematically shows the structure of the guide structure according to an embodiment of the present invention at another viewing angle. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 6 Schematically shows a partial structural cross-section (X direction) of a sample sampling and detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the structure of the guide structure according to the embodiment of the present invention at a certain viewing angle is shown schematically. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 8 Schematically shows the structure of the guide structure according to an embodiment of the present invention at another viewing angle. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 9 Schematically shows a partial structural cross-section (X direction) of a sample sampling and detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 10 The schematic diagram of the structure of the flow guide structure according to the embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically. Figure 3 ;

[0031] Figure 11 Schematically shows an assembly diagram of a sampling head and a flow guide structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 12 Schematically shows a partial structural cross-section (X direction) of a sample sampling and detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0033] Figure 13 The structure of the bracket according to the embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 14 The structure of the bracket according to the embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 15 The structure diagram of the sampling head (preset volume is 10 μl) according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown;

[0036] Figure 16Schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a sampling head (preset volume is 10 μl) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 17 The structure diagram of the sampling head (preset volume is 20 μl) according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown;

[0038] Figure 18 Schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a sampling head (preset volume is 20 μl) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 19 The structure diagram of the sampling head (preset volume is 5 μl) according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown;

[0040] Figure 20 Schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a sampling head (preset volume is 5 μl) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 21 The structure diagram of the sampling head (preset volume is 15 μl) according to an embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown;

[0042] Figure 22 Schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a sampling head (preset volume is 15 μl) according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 23 Schematically shows a partial structural cross-sectional view (in the Y direction) of a sample sampling and detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 24 The structure diagram of the detection test paper according to the embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown;

[0045] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings represent the following:

[0046] 100, sample dilution assembly; 110, sample dilution box; 111, accommodating cavity; 111a, first accommodating cavity; 111b, second accommodating cavity; 120, base; 130, cover;

[0047] 200, sampling assembly; 210, sampling head; 210a, liquid inlet; 211, sampling part; 211a, capillary channel; 212, plug-in part; 212a, connecting cavity; 213, positioning ring rib; 220, test paper; 211, absorbent paper; 212, nitrocellulose membrane; 212a, T line; 212b, C line; 213, coupling pad; 214, sample pad; 230, diversion structure; 231, diversion part; 231a, lateral flow channel; 232, bottom plate; 232a, diversion hole; 233, first side plate; 234, second side plate; 240, bracket; 241, mounting slot; 250, housing; 251, window; 260, pipe plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0049] It should be understood that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing specific example embodiments only and are not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "an" and "said" as used herein may also be meant to include plural forms. The terms "comprise", "include", "contain" and "have" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements and / or parts, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring them to be performed in the specific order described or illustrated, unless the order of execution is clearly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0050] Although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can only be used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teaching of the example embodiments.

[0051] For ease of description, spatially relative terms may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the figures, such as "inside," "outside," "inside," "outside," "below," "beneath," "above," and the like. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is flipped over, an element described as "below" or "beneath" another element or feature would then be oriented "above" or "above" the other element or feature. Thus, the example term "below" can encompass both above and below orientations.

[0052] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention proposes a sample sampling and detection device, including a sample dilution component 100 and a sampling component 200; the sample dilution component 100 includes a sample dilution box 110, and the sample dilution box 110 has a accommodating chamber 111 for storing a sample diluent; the sampling component 200 includes a sampling head 210, a test paper 220 and a guide structure 230, the sampling head 210 has a liquid inlet 210a, and the sampling end of the test paper 220 is located inside the sampling head 210, and the sampling head 210 can be inserted into the accommodating chamber 111 so that the sample dilution enters the interior of the sampling head 210 through the liquid inlet 210a and mixes with the sample, and the guide structure 230 is arranged inside the sampling head 210, and the guide structure 230 is provided with a guide part 231, and a lateral flow channel 231a is between the guide part 231 and the inner wall of the sampling head 210, and the guide part 231 is arranged in the flow direction of the sample dilution.

[0053] The sample sampling and detection device in the present technical solution eliminates the filter element in the existing solution and is provided with a lateral flow channel 231a, thereby improving the flow resistance of the accommodating chamber 111 and preventing the sample diluent from overflowing from the gap between the outer wall of the sampling head 210 and the inner wall of the sample diluent box 110 during the insertion of the sampling head 210 into the accommodating chamber 111. In addition, at the moment the sampling head 210 is inserted into the accommodating chamber 111, the sample diluent flows into the interior of the sampling head 210 from the liquid inlet 210a. The sample diluent will impact the guide portion 231 of the guide structure 230 in the form of splashing, and the guide portion 231 will remove the impact force and fall back. As the amount of sample diluent falling back gradually increases, the sample diluent will flow upward until it contacts the test paper 220. The provision of the guide portion 231 can prevent the sample diluent from being wasted due to splashing, ensuring full contact between the sample diluent and the test paper 220.

[0054] Further, see Figures 1 to 3The sample sampling detection device in the present technical solution also includes a shell 250 and a pipe plug 260, and the sampling head 210 and the pipe plug 260 are respectively connected to the two ends of the shell 250. Optionally, the sampling head 210 and the shell 250 are plug-connected. Exemplarily, the end of the sampling head 210 away from the liquid inlet 210a is inserted into the shell 250. A positioning ring rib 213 is provided along the circumference of the sampling head 210. When the sampling head 210 is inserted into the position where the positioning ring rib 213 and the shell 250 abut, it indicates that the sampling head 210 and the shell 250 are installed in place. Optionally, the pipe plug 260 and the shell 250 are detachably connected, and a vent is provided on the pipe plug 260. When there is gas inside the shell 250 that needs to be discharged, the gas can be discharged to the outside through the vent. Furthermore, a transparent window portion 251 is provided on the shell 250, and the test results can be read through the window portion 251.

[0055] Furthermore, the sample dilution assembly 100 further includes a base 120 and a cover 130. The sample dilution box 110 is disposed inside the base 120, and the cover 130 is buckled onto the sample dilution box 110 and connected to the base 120. By disposing the sample dilution box 110 in the cavity formed by the base 120 and the cover 130, the sample dilution assembly 100 can be stably placed on the operating platform.

[0056] Optionally, the material of the flow guide structure 230 can be a polymer elastomer material or a thermoplastic plastic. The polymer elastomer material can be one of natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, fluororubber, ethylene-propylene rubber, chloroprene rubber, silicone rubber, methyl silicone rubber, fluorosilicone rubber, polyurethane rubber, or acrylic rubber, and the thermoplastic plastic can be a general-purpose plastic such as PE, PP, PS, PVC, PMMA, etc., an engineering plastic such as ABS, PA, POM, PC, PPS, PEEK, etc., or a specialty plastic such as PTFE, PLA, PET, PU, ​​etc. Understandably, the use of a polymer injection molding process to produce the flow guide structure 230 is relatively low-cost. At the same time, the standardized nature of the injection molding process is utilized to ensure high consistency in structural dimensions between batches, completely resolving the issue of batch variation.

[0057] Further, see Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 The flow guide structure 230 also includes a bottom plate 232 and two first side plates 233. The two sides of the flow guide portion 231 in the first direction are connected to the bottom plate 232 through the first side plates 233 and the bottom plate 232 respectively, and are spaced apart from the bottom plate 232. The bottom plate 232 is provided with a flow guide hole 232a. The flow guide portion 231 is arranged opposite the flow guide hole 232a. Lateral flow channels 231a are formed on both sides of the flow guide portion 231 in the second direction. The sample diluent in the accommodating chamber 111 can contact the sampling end through the liquid inlet 210a, the flow guide hole 232a and the lateral flow channel 231a in sequence. The first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

[0058] The guide portion 231 is supported by providing a bottom plate 232 and a first side plate 233, so that there is a space below the guide portion 231 to allow the sample diluent to pass through. It can be understood that the guide hole 232a on the bottom plate 232 and the liquid inlet 210a on the sampling head 210 are arranged opposite each other, thereby ensuring that the sample diluent can smoothly enter the interior of the sampling head 210 and contact the guide portion 231. When the guide structure 230 is set into this structure, after the sample diluent enters the interior of the sampling head 210 from the liquid inlet 210a, it will flow into the guide portion 231, be blocked by the guide portion 231, and then flow back. At the same time, the sample diluent can also flow upward toward the test paper 220 through the lateral flow channels 231a on both sides of the guide portion 231. Therefore, during the process of inserting the sampling head 210 into the sample dilution box 110, there will be no problem of splashing due to the instantaneous increase in internal pressure. By guiding the flow direction of the sample diluent, it is possible to ensure that the sample diluent and the test paper 220 are in full contact, thus avoiding waste. It is understandable that the size of the guide portion 231 in the first direction is smaller than the size of the first side plate 233 in the first direction, so that there is a certain gap between the guide portion 231 and the side wall of the sampling head 210, and the gap is the lateral flow channel 231a. Optionally, the guide portion 231 can be a rectangular plate structure, a waist-shaped plate structure or an elliptical plate structure, etc., which can be set according to actual needs. Optionally, the first side plate 233 can be a square plate, a U-shaped plate or an L-shaped plate, etc., which are not specifically limited here.

[0059] Further, see Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 The guide structure 230 also includes two second side plates 234, which are respectively located on both sides of the second direction of the guide portion 231 and are spaced apart from the guide portion 231 to form a lateral flow channel 231a, and the two ends of the second side plate 234 along the second direction are respectively connected to the adjacent first side plate 233.

[0060] The addition of a second side panel 234 ensures the strength and stability of the flow guide structure 230. Optionally, the height of the second side panel 234 can be the same as or different from that of the first side panel 233, depending on the specific needs. The spacing between the flow guide 231 and the second side panel 234 is adjusted based on the specific needs to ensure that the sample diluent can smoothly pass through the lateral flow channel 231a and contact the test strip 220, while also preventing splashing of the sample diluent during the insertion of the sampling head 210.

[0061] Further, see Figures 10 to 12The sampling assembly 200 also includes a bracket 240, which has a mounting groove 241. The part of the test paper 220 away from the sampling end is arranged inside the mounting groove 241. The end of the bracket 240 close to the sampling end is inserted into the sampling head 210. The guide part 231 is arranged around the circumference of the bracket 240 and seals the gap between the outer periphery of the bracket 240 and the inner wall of the sampling head 210.

[0062] The bracket 240 can support the test strip 220 to reduce the risk of the test strip 220 being bent or misplaced during use. For example, the bracket 240 in this embodiment is provided with two mounting slots 241, which are located on the front and back sides of the bracket 240, respectively. Accordingly, the housing 250 is provided with two viewing windows 251, which are located on both sides of the housing 250 and correspond one-to-one with the two viewing windows 241. With this structure, two different test strips 220 can be loaded onto the same bracket 240 as needed.

[0063] Taking into account the different dilution multiples of samples for different test items, that is, the volumes of sample diluents are different, when the sampling head 210 is pressed into the sample dilution box 110, the volume of liquid entering the sampling head 210 will be different, and the height of the liquid splashing will also be different. On the one hand, the guide part 213 should be able to prevent liquid splashing. On the other hand, the height of the guide part 231 in the sampling head 210 is set according to the liquid level height when the liquid completely enters the sampling head 210, so that the guide structure 230 will not be immersed in the liquid and cause the liquid level to rise (if the liquid level is too high, the liquid will cover the sample pad 214 and contact the coupling pad 213, resulting in invalid test results. Under normal circumstances, the liquid splashing height is controlled to be lower than the coupling pad 213 to ensure stable detection). See Figure 11 In one embodiment, the outer periphery of the guide portion 231 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sampling head 210. For example, the guide portion 231 and the sampling head 210 are integrally formed and are detachably connected to the bracket 240. Figure 13 In another embodiment, the inner ring of the guide portion 231 is fixedly connected to the bracket 240. For example, the guide portion 231 and the bracket 240 are integrally formed and can be detachably connected to the sampling head 210. Of course, in other embodiments, the guide portion 231 can also be an independent component. During assembly, it is first put on the bracket 230 and then inserted into the sampling head 210. Figure 14In other embodiments, the flow guide 231 may also be a raised structure provided on both sides of the bracket 240, with the outer sides of the raised structures contacting the inner wall of the sampling head 210. Of course, the flow guide 231 may also be a separate component. It is understood that the flow guide 231 is located between the bracket 240 and the sampling head 210, which can effectively prevent the sample diluent from overflowing from the gap, contaminating the bracket 240, or causing waste of the sample diluent.

[0064] Further, see Figures 15 to 22 The sampling head 210 includes a sampling portion 211 and a plug-in portion 212, the sampling portion 211 and the plug-in portion 212 are connected, the sampling portion 211 is provided with at least one capillary channel 211a, the plug-in portion 212 is provided with a connecting cavity 212a, the liquid inlet 210a is provided at one end of the sampling portion 211 away from the plug-in portion 212, the liquid inlet 210a, the capillary channel 211a and the connecting cavity 212a are connected in sequence, and the guide structure 230 is provided inside the connecting cavity 212a and connected to the inner wall of the connecting cavity 212a.

[0065] The setting of the capillary channel 211a utilizes the capillary phenomenon, which refers to the phenomenon that liquid rises in a small pipe or pore. This process is caused by the interaction between the surface tension of the liquid and the solid surface. The surface tension of the liquid is caused by the cohesive force between the liquid molecules, and the surface tension of the liquid causes the liquid surface to have a tendency to shrink. When the liquid enters the small pipe, the interaction between the liquid and the solid (such as adhesion) causes the liquid to form a curved surface in the pipe, thereby producing capillary phenomenon. The sample collected by the capillary channel 211a can be fingertip blood or blood from other parts of the body.

[0066] When sampling, hold the sampling assembly 200 and bring the sampling portion 211 into contact with the blood flowing out after the skin is punctured. A capillary phenomenon occurs in the capillary channel 211a to draw the blood into the capillary channel 211a. After the sampling is completed, insert the sampling head 210 into the sample dilution box 110, so that the sample solution enters the capillary channel 211a, and then the sample solution and the sample are mixed.

[0067] Furthermore, the capillary channel 211 a has a preset volume and is used to collect a preset volume of sample diluent.

[0068] For example, the preset volume may be 2 μl, 5 μl, 10 μl, 15 μl or 20 μl, etc. Since the capillary channel 211a has a preset volume, the capillary channel 211a can quantitatively collect samples and adapt the collected samples to the detection requirements. Figures 15 to 18The capillary channel 211a can change the volume of the sample it holds by adjusting its dimensions in only one direction (e.g., maintaining the Y-direction dimension unchanged and expanding the X-direction dimension). Maintaining a relatively thin diameter in the capillary channel 211a increases the contact area between the sample and the tube wall, thereby enhancing capillary force and ensuring the accuracy and repeatability of the collected sample volume. Therefore, in this embodiment, the smaller dimension in the Y-direction is maintained, while the dimension in the X-direction is varied to achieve quantitative sample collection. In other embodiments, the dimensions in both the X- and Y-directions can be adjusted simultaneously, allowing the liquid inlet 210a to assume a square, rectangular, circular, or elliptical shape, for example.

[0069] Further, see Figures 19 to 22 In some embodiments, the capillary channel 211 a is a cylindrical channel.

[0070] The capillary channel 211a is a cylindrical channel, and accordingly, the liquid inlet 210a is circular. Compared to other structures, because the inner diameter is circular, the inner wall of the cylindrical capillary channel 211a is subjected to uniform force at all locations, making it more suitable for the process of quantitatively collecting small-volume samples. The sampling head 210 of this structure is very suitable for projects with large dilution ratios, that is, the sampling head 210 for quantitative small-volume samples is used with the sample dilution box 110 for large-volume diluents. Figure 21 and Figure 22 The number of capillary channels 211a can also be multiple. The middle capillary channel 211a is vertically arranged, and the capillary channels 211a on both sides are designed in an inclined manner. The force difference between the inclined cylindrical capillary channel 211a and the vertical cylindrical capillary channel 211a is not much, and the preset volume sample can be effectively quantitatively measured. Compared with a single capillary channel 211a, the design of multiple capillary channels 211a can meet the needs of large volume sampling.

[0071] Further, see Figures 15 to 22 , along the extension direction of the capillary channel 211 a , the flow area of ​​the capillary channel 211 a is consistent.

[0072] When the width of the upper end of the inner wall of the capillary channel 211a is greater than that of the lower end (the location of the liquid inlet 210a), the capillary force acting on the upper and lower ends of the sample is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom. Therefore, when the sampling portion 211 leaves the sampling site (the blood surface at the fingertip rupture), part of the sample will be "pulled out" from the lower end of the sampling portion 211 by the liquid surface tension formed when the sample leaves the liquid phase and enters the gas phase (air) at the lower end of the sampling portion 211 due to the uneven force applied to the capillary channel 211a. This will cause a deviation in the fixed (quantitative) volume of the capillary channel 211a. The magnitude of the deviation is related to the treatment state of the inner surface of the sampling portion 211, the speed and angle at which the sampling portion 211 leaves the liquid surface, the viscosity of the blood at the fingertip, etc. The inner walls of the upper and lower ends of the capillary channel 211a in the present technical solution are uniform in size, and the capillary forces at the upper and lower ends are almost consistent. The actual volume measurement results of fingertip blood samples show that the structure in the present technical solution can better retain the predetermined volume of sample, ensuring the accuracy of the liquid volume quantified by the capillary channel 211a, thereby ensuring the consistency and stability of the sampling volume and test results in each detection process.

[0073] Furthermore, the inner wall of the capillary channel 211 a is provided with a hydrophilic coating.

[0074] In order to enhance the accuracy of the sampling volume of the sampling portion 211 and the surface tension of the capillary channel 211a, the sampling portion 211 is subjected to different degrees of hydrophilic modification treatment so that the capillary channel 211a in the sampling portion 211 has a stronger capillary force. According to the mass production process requirements and fluid control requirements of the product, the entire sampling portion 211 can be subjected to hydrophilic modification treatment, or the inner wall of the capillary channel 211a can be subjected to hydrophilic modification treatment, or the inner wall of the entire sampling portion 211 can be subjected to hydrophilic modification treatment. Optionally, the hydrophilic coating can be a polymer material coating or a nanomaterial coating. The hydrophilic coating is usually composed of molecules with polar groups, which can form bonds with water molecules through hydrogen bonds, thereby showing a strong affinity for water.

[0075] Common hydrophilic polymer materials include:

[0076] 1) Natural polymer composite coatings, such as ovalbumin (OVA) and tannic acid (TA) complex, chitosan (CS) and its derivatives.

[0077] 2) Synthetic polymer coatings: such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), polyacrylamide (PAM), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), etc.

[0078] Common nanomaterials include:

[0079] 1) Metal oxide nanoparticles, such as titanium dioxide Graphene oxide (GO), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), etc.

[0080] 2) Composite nanosystems, such as silica nanoparticles, chitosan-polyethylene glycol complexes, etc.

[0081] Furthermore, the accommodating chamber 111 includes a first accommodating chamber 111a and a second accommodating chamber 111b that are connected to each other. When the sampling head 210 is inserted into the accommodating chamber 111, the sampling portion 211 is located in the first accommodating chamber 111a, and the outer wall of the plug-in portion 212 and the inner wall of the second accommodating chamber 111b are interference-connected. The cross-sectional area of ​​the sampling portion 211 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the plug-in portion 212, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first accommodating chamber 111a is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second accommodating chamber 111b.

[0082] The structural design of the accommodating chamber 111 can reduce the dead volume of the first accommodating chamber 111a, and promote the sample diluent to enter the interior of the sampling head 210 as much as possible. Furthermore, the first accommodating chamber 111a can adopt a contoured structural design, that is, its structure is designed according to the shape of the sampling portion 211, thereby reducing the dead volume of the liquid to a minimum, ensuring that the sample diluent can be almost completely transferred from the sample diluent box 110 to the interior of the sampling head 210 during the process of the sampling head 210 being pressed into the sample diluent box 110. The dead volume formed by the accumulation of the sample diluent due to the excess space is reduced as much as possible, solving the problem that the sample diluent cannot completely enter the capillary channel 211a during the process of the sampling head 210 being pressed into the sample diluent box 110, greatly reducing the randomness of the test results, and improving the repeatability and stability of the test results.

[0083] Further, see Figure 24The test paper 220 includes a laminated absorbent paper 211 for absorbing water, a nitrocellulose membrane 212, a coupling pad 213 for labeling proteins, a sample pad 214 for absorbing and pre-treating samples, and a base pad that serves as an adhesive support. The absorbent paper 211, the nitrocellulose membrane 212, the coupling pad 213, and the sample pad 214 are all bonded to the base pad. Optionally, the base pad can be made of polyvinyl chloride. The labeled protein carried by the coupling pad 213 reacts with the corresponding detection substance in the sample, and the reaction product acts on the nitrocellulose membrane 212, causing the nitrocellulose membrane 212 to develop color or emit light, thereby achieving detection of the sample. The absorbent paper 211 can increase the chromatography effect of the test paper 220 to increase the accuracy of the detection. Each test paper 220 has one or more T lines 212a (test lines), thereby enabling the test paper 220 to detect different items. Exemplarily, the nitrocellulose membrane 212 has two T lines 212a and one C line 212b (Control line). The test results are reflected by the two T lines 212a, and the process control and the validity of the results are judged by the C line 212b. The window portion 251 is located on the side of the test paper 220 close to the nitrocellulose membrane 212. The test results can be read through the transparent window portion 251, thereby increasing the convenience of reading the test results. Optionally, the sample pad 214 is pretreated (such as surface modification or material compounding) so that it can directly capture and filter red blood cells and foreign proteins in whole blood, thereby eliminating the need for a filter element in the prior art and achieving dual optimization of cost and technical redundancy.

[0084] Example 1

[0085] AIDS is a highly devastating infectious disease caused by infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), a virus that attacks the human immune system. It primarily targets CD4 T lymphocytes, a crucial component of the immune system, destroying them en masse and causing immune dysfunction. This predisposes the body to various infections and malignant tumors, resulting in a high mortality rate. While AIDS cannot be cured, medication can be taken early to block the HIV virus. Early detection and treatment can effectively inhibit disease progression, improve patients' quality of life, prolong their lifespan, and reduce the risk of HIV transmission.

[0086] Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STD) caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, which is transmitted through sexual intercourse and blood. Early detection and treatment of syphilis can effectively curb the progression of the disease, preventing it from worsening and causing serious complications. In the early stages of syphilis, treatment is very effective, and most patients can be completely cured. However, in the later stages of the disease, treatment becomes much more difficult, and the cure rate decreases. Early detection and treatment of syphilis can also reduce the spread of the virus among the population, protecting public health.

[0087] As two of the world's most serious sexually and blood-borne infectious diseases, HIV and syphilis testing is of paramount importance. Traditionally, testing for these two infectious diseases has typically required visits to hospitals and other specialized institutions, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Existing home self-testing products often require large blood samples and require prolonged wound exposure, posing significant risks to both the testee and the operator. Therefore, finding a way to effectively minimize infection risks while facilitating testing is crucial.

[0088] The following uses HIV / TP (Treponema Pallidum) antibody combined detection as an example to illustrate the use of the sample sampling and detection device provided by this technical solution:

[0089] Step 1: Add the sample diluent to the sample dilution box 110, and use an easily punctured aluminum foil as a sealing sheet to seal the opening of the sample dilution box 110. Insert the sample dilution box 110 filled with the sample dilution and sealed with the sealed end facing upward into the locking cavity of the base 120. The sample dilution box 110 is fixed in the locking cavity by the locking structure in the locking cavity. Then, the cover 130 is pressed together with the base 120. The locking structure of the base 120 and the locking mechanism of the cover 130 cooperate with each other, so that the sample dilution box 110, the base 120 and the cover 130 are tightly combined to form a complete sample dilution assembly 100.

[0090] Step 2: Place the flow guide structure 230 into the connecting cavity 212a of the sampling head 210, ensuring an interference fit between the flow guide structure 230 and the wall of the connecting cavity 212a. The outer wall of the sampling head 210 is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the housing 250. The prepared HIV antibody test strips 220 and TP antibody test strips 220 are inserted into the mounting slots 241 on either side of the bracket 240, with the nitrocellulose membranes 212 facing outward. The bracket 240 is then inserted into the sampling head 210. The sampling head 210 with the bracket 240 is then inserted into the housing 250, ensuring that the nitrocellulose membranes 212 of the HIV antibody test strips 220 and the nitrocellulose membranes 212 of the TP antibody test strips 220 correspond to the windows 251 on either side of the housing 250. Finally, the pipe plug 260 is plugged into the housing 250. The nitrocellulose membrane 212 in the HIV antibody test strip 220 has a control line coated with goat anti-mouse IgG and a test line coated with an HIV-specific antigen. The coupling pad 213 has another HIV-specific antigen labeled with colloidal gold. The TP antibody test strip 220 has a control line coated with goat anti-mouse IgG and a test line coated with a TP-specific antigen. The coupling pad 213 has another TP-specific antigen labeled with colloidal gold.

[0091] Step 3: During testing, the sampling head 210 is brought into contact with the blood flowing out of the subject's fingertip after being punctured, so that the capillary channel 211a is filled with the blood sample, completing the sample collection.

[0092] Step 4: After the sampling is completed, the sampling head 210 is inserted into the sample dilution box 110 from the opening of the cover 130. Since the sampling head 210 and the sample dilution box 110 can form an interference fit, the sample diluent is pressed from the sample dilution box 110 into the capillary channel 211a by squeezing air and space, and mixed with the sample collected in the capillary channel 211a. The liquid is guided by the guide structure 230 and pressed into the sampling head 210 to contact the sample pads 214 of the two test strips. After the sample contacts the sample pads 214 of the HIV antibody test paper 220, it passes through the sample pad 214 and reaches the coupling pad 213. HIV antibodies bind to HIV-specific antigens labeled with colloidal gold to form a complex. Under the action of chromatographic force, the complex continues to pass through the nitrocellulose membrane 212 and binds to the detection line of HIV-specific antigens coated on the membrane to form a color. After the sample contacts the sample pad 214 end of the TP antibody detection test paper 220, it passes through the sample pad 214 to reach the coupling pad 213. The TP antibodies in the sample bind to the TP-specific antigens labeled with colloidal gold to form a complex. Under the action of chromatographic force, the complex continues to pass through the nitrocellulose membrane 212 and binds to the detection line of HIV-specific antigens coated on the membrane to form a color.

[0093] Step 5: The test device is left to stand for 15 minutes. After the test time is reached, the test result is read from the window portion 251 to complete the test. If the C line 212b of the HIV antibody test strip 220 is colored and the T line 212a is not colored, the test result is determined to be HIV-negative. If both the C line 212b and the T line 212a are colored, the test result is determined to be HIV-positive. If the C line 212b of the TP antibody test strip 220 is colored and the T line 212a is not colored, the test result is determined to be TP-negative. If both the C line 212b and the T line 212a are colored, the test result is determined to be TP-positive.

[0094] By utilizing the sample sampling and detection device provided by this technical solution, HIV / TP home self-testing can be carried out conveniently and quickly, while reducing the infection risk caused by non-professional operation in a home self-testing environment.

[0095] 100 HIV-negative samples, 100 HIV-positive samples, 100 TP-negative samples, and 100 TP-positive samples, confirmed by standard testing, were selected and tested using test strips 220 with the same conditions for each item using a traditional card detection structure, a sample sampling and detection device in the prior art, and a sample sampling and detection device in this technical solution. The results showed that the sample sampling and detection device in this technical solution had significant advantages in sampling accuracy, fading time, and positive detection rate. The specific results are as follows:

[0096] Test results

[0097]

[0098] The sample sampling and detection device in this technical solution differs from existing HIV antibody tests and TP antibody tests in the following ways: Currently, there are some traditional card-type home self-test products on the market. These products often collect samples from fingertip blood, using a small wound on the fingertip to collect blood. In this case, it is often necessary to squeeze the wound site multiple times to collect a sufficient amount of sample to complete the test. During the test, the sample needs to be added dropwise in mid-air, and there is a high risk of sample contamination for those who are not skilled in the operation. If the sample is added to an inappropriate location, there is also a risk of infection from the exposed sample to others. At the same time, the test strip 220 is exposed, and the user may come into contact with the bioactive substances on the test strip during the test, causing wound infection. Traditional card-type home self-test products have complicated sampling steps, complex operation, and a long time to complete the test. All of the above indicate that these painful home self-test products have problems such as inconvenient operation and a high risk of infection when used.

[0099] Example 2

[0100] Vitamin D helps promote the absorption of minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, thereby maintaining bone health and strength. It is crucial for the prevention and treatment of diseases such as fractures and osteomalacia. Vitamin D plays an important role in the normal functioning of the immune system. Conventional vitamin D testing often requires going to designated locations (such as hospitals, etc.) with the help of large machines. The process is cumbersome and takes a lot of time. If vitamin D can be self-tested at home, it can greatly save time. The implementation of home self-testing can greatly increase the detection rate of vitamin D in a more convenient and people-friendly way, which helps people understand their vitamin D levels early, so that they can take early measures when necessary to prevent possible health problems. For those who are already supplementing, home testing can help test the effectiveness of supplementation and ensure that appropriate vitamin D levels are maintained.

[0101] The following describes the sample sampling and detection device provided by this technical solution using vitamin D detection as an example. The detailed steps are as follows:

[0102] Step 1: Add the sample diluent to the sample dilution box 110, and use an easily punctured aluminum foil as a sealing sheet to seal the opening of the sample dilution box 110. Insert the sample dilution box 110 filled with the sample dilution and sealed with the sealed end facing upward into the locking cavity of the base 120. The sample dilution box 110 is fixed in the locking cavity by the locking structure in the locking cavity. Then, the cover 130 is pressed together with the base 120. The locking structure of the base 120 and the locking mechanism of the cover 130 cooperate with each other, so that the sample dilution box 110, the base 120 and the cover 130 are tightly combined to form a complete sample dilution assembly 100.

[0103] Step 2: Place the flow guide structure 230 into the connecting cavity 212a of the sampling head 210, ensuring an interference fit between the flow guide structure 230 and the wall of the connecting cavity 212a. The outer wall of the sampling head 210 is interference-fitted with the inner wall of the housing 250. The prepared HIV antibody test strips 220 and TP antibody test strips 220 are inserted into the mounting slots 241 on either side of the bracket 240, with the nitrocellulose membranes 212 facing outward. The bracket 240 is then inserted into the sampling head 210. The sampling head 210 with the bracket 240 is then inserted into the housing 250, ensuring that the nitrocellulose membranes 212 of the HIV antibody test strips 220 and the nitrocellulose membranes 212 of the TP antibody test strips 220 correspond to the windows 251 on either side of the housing 250. Finally, the pipe plug 260 is plugged into the housing 250. The 25-hydroxyvitamin D test paper 220 consists of a base pad that serves as an adhesive support and a nitrocellulose membrane 212, absorbent paper 211, a coupling pad 213 and a sample pad 214 thereon. The nitrocellulose membrane 212 has a quality control line coated with sheep anti-mouse IgG and a detection line coated with a 25-hydroxyvitamin D-specific antibody. The coupling pad 213 has another 25-hydroxyvitamin D-specific antibody labeled with colloidal gold.

[0104] Step 3: During testing, the sampling head 210 is brought into contact with the blood flowing out of the subject's fingertip after being punctured, so that the capillary channel 211a is filled with the blood sample, completing the sample collection.

[0105] Step 4: After the sampling is completed, the sampling head 210 is inserted into the sample dilution box 110 through the opening of the cover 130. Since the sampling head 210 and the sample dilution box 110 can form an interference fit, the sample diluent is pressed from the sample dilution box 110 into the capillary channel 211a by squeezing air and space, and mixed with the sample collected in the capillary channel 211a. The liquid is guided by the diversion structure 230 and pressed into the sampling head 210 to contact the sample pads 214 of the two test strips. After the sample contacts the sample pad 214 of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D test paper 220, it passes through the sample pad 214 to reach the coupling pad 213. The 25-hydroxyvitamin D antigen in the sample combines with the colloidal gold-labeled 25-hydroxyvitamin D-specific antibody to form a complex. Under the action of the chromatographic force, the complex continues to pass through the nitrocellulose membrane 212 and combines with the detection line of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D-specific antibody coated on the membrane to form a color.

[0106] Step 5: Allow the test device to rest for a set time of 15 minutes. Once the test time is reached, read the test result through window 251 to complete the test. If the C line 212b on the test strip is colored and the T line 212a is not, it is determined to be vitamin D deficient. If both the C line 212b and the T line 212a are colored, the vitamin D content (deficiency, insufficiency, or sufficiency) is determined based on the color intensity.

[0107] The difference between the vitamin D detection method provided in this embodiment and the conventional vitamin D detection method is that the conventional vitamin D detection method requires going to a professional medical institution for quantitative detection of vitamin D, with a sampling volume of 3 to 5 ml, and the waiting time for the results is long, often taking several hours to get the results, and the time and energy cost of the entire detection process is high. The home self-test of vitamin D proposed in this solution can greatly optimize the patient's experience of vitamin D testing. First of all, the solution has extremely low space requirements and can complete the test in a home environment; secondly, the sample size required is small, and only a 10μl fingertip blood sample is needed to complete the test, which reduces the pain of the patient during the test; the test time is short, and it only takes 15 minutes to draw a conclusion, and the result can be judged by the naked eye, which greatly saves time and energy costs. In addition, home self-testing products can easily detect vitamin D levels, which is beneficial for people with abnormal vitamin D to monitor their own treatment.

[0108] 50 VD samples that had been assigned values ​​using Roche chemiluminescence reagent were selected and tested using the same test strip 220 using a traditional card detection structure, a sample sampling and detection device in the prior art, and a sample sampling and detection device in the present technical solution. The sample sampling and detection device in the present technical solution had a higher sensitivity and a better correlation in the color gradient. The specific results are as follows (the color intensity G1 to G9 increases in sequence):

[0109] Statistics of sample concentration and color intensity of each device

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] Since the sampling head 210 in this technical solution can achieve accurate quantitative sampling, the results are more reliable; by setting the guide structure 230, the sample reaches the test paper 220 through a specified path, preventing splashing and overflow, and reducing the loss of effective substances, making the detection sensitivity higher and able to detect samples with lower concentrations.

[0113] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A sample sampling and detection device, characterized in that: include: A sample dilution assembly (100) comprises a sample dilution box (110), wherein the sample dilution box (110) has a receiving cavity (111) for storing a sample diluent; A sampling assembly (200) comprises a sampling head (210), a test paper (220) and a flow guide structure (230), wherein the sampling head (210) has a liquid inlet (210a), the sampling end of the test paper (220) is located inside the sampling head (210), the sampling head (210) can be inserted into the accommodating cavity (111) so that the sample diluent enters the interior of the sampling head (210) through the liquid inlet (210a) and is mixed with the sample, and the flow guide structure (230) is arranged inside the sampling head (210), the flow guide structure (230) is provided with a flow guide portion (231), a lateral flow channel (231a) is present between the flow guide portion (231) and the inner wall of the sampling head (210), and the flow guide portion (231) is arranged in the flow direction of the sample diluent to prevent the sample diluent from splashing.

2. The sample sampling and detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guide structure (230) further comprises a bottom plate (232) and two first side plates (233); the two sides of the flow guide portion (231) in a first direction are respectively connected to the bottom plate (232) through the first side plates (233) and are spaced apart from the bottom plate (232); the bottom plate (232) is provided with a flow guide hole (232a); the flow guide portion (231) is arranged opposite to the flow guide hole (232a); the two sides of the flow guide portion (231) in a second direction form the lateral flow channel (231a); the sample diluent in the accommodating chamber (111) can sequentially contact the sampling end through the liquid inlet (210a), the flow guide hole (232a) and the lateral flow channel (231a); the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.

3. The sample sampling and detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flow guide structure (230) further comprises two second side plates (234), the two second side plates (234) being respectively located on both sides of the flow guide portion (231) in the second direction and spaced apart from the flow guide portion (231) to form the lateral flow channel (231a), and the two ends of the second side plates (234) along the second direction being respectively connected to the adjacent first side plates (233).

4. The sample sampling and detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling assembly (200) further comprises a bracket (240), the bracket (240) having a mounting groove (241), a portion of the test paper (220) away from the sampling end being arranged inside the mounting groove (241), an end of the bracket (240) close to the sampling end being inserted into the sampling head (210), and the guide portion (231) being arranged around the circumference of the bracket (240) and sealing the gap between the outer periphery of the bracket (240) and the inner wall of the sampling head (210).

5. The sample sampling and detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The sampling head (210) comprises a sampling portion (211) and a plug-in portion (212); the sampling portion (211) and the plug-in portion (212) are connected; the sampling portion (211) is provided with at least one capillary channel (211a); the plug-in portion (212) is provided with a communication cavity (212a); the liquid inlet (210a) is provided at one end of the sampling portion (211) away from the plug-in portion (212); the liquid inlet (210a), the capillary channel (211a) and the communication cavity (212a) are connected in sequence; and the flow guide structure (230) is provided inside the communication cavity (212a) and connected to the inner wall of the communication cavity (212a).

6. The sample sampling and detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The capillary channel (211a) has a preset volume and is used to collect a sample diluent of a preset volume.

7. The sample sampling and detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Along the extension direction of the capillary channel (211a), the flow areas of the capillary channel (211a) are consistent.

8. The sample sampling and detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The capillary channel (211a) is a cylindrical channel.

9. The sample sampling and detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the capillary channel (211a) is provided with a hydrophilic coating.

10. The sample sampling and detection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The accommodating chamber (111) comprises a first accommodating chamber (111a) and a second accommodating chamber (111b) which are connected to each other. When the sampling head (210) is inserted into the accommodating chamber (111), the sampling portion (211) is located in the first accommodating chamber (111a), the outer wall of the plug-in portion (212) and the inner wall of the second accommodating chamber (111b) are interference-connected, the cross-sectional area of ​​the sampling portion (211) is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the plug-in portion (212), and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first accommodating chamber (111a) is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the second accommodating chamber (111b).

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