A grafting seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate

Abstract

The application discloses a grafting seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate, relates to the technical field of grafting seedling cultivation, and aims at the problem of poor success rate of seedling grafting. The application deeply fuses plant physiological characteristics, geometric morphological parameters and grafting mechanics principles, constructs a quantifiable and traceable method selection model, improves the adaptation efficiency of the grafting method by more than 3 times, realizes continuous optimization of the healing environment through continuous circulation of data comparison and parameter adjustment, guarantees efficient grafting process, sets evaluation indexes such as callus development, new shoot growth, environmental stability and root development, accurately judges the growth quality of the grafting seedling at different healing stages, realizes continuous optimization of the healing environment through continuous circulation of data comparison and parameter adjustment, and guarantees efficient grafting process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of grafted seedling cultivation, in particular to a grafted seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate. BACKGROUND

[0002] Grafted seedling cultivation refers to grafting the branches or buds (scion) of one seedling onto another seedling (rootstock), regulating the environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity and light, promoting the healing of the grafting interface, monitoring the growth of callus and the development of new shoots, and managing in stages to ensure that the scion and rootstock form a complete plant, achieve the cultivation goals of variety improvement and resistance enhancement, etc.

[0003] Chinese patent CN110337932A discloses a method for improving the survival rate and uniformity of fruit tree seedlings, which mainly uses repair liquid to soak the bud core and uniformly spray the inner wall of the side bud cut, provides nutrients for the scion, irrigates the rootstock in advance, and simultaneously kills the bacteria to avoid infection. In addition, the strychnine used as an insecticide can protect the grafting interface and avoid the influence of pests, thereby effectively improving the survival rate of seedling grafting, reducing the number of secondary grafting, and thus reducing the cost. The present application collects the scion, processes the scion, processes the rootstock, and manages after grafting, so that the uniformity of the seedlings is high, the commercial seedlings are ensured to be on the market at the best time, the seedling sales price is ensured, and the economic benefit of the grower is significantly improved. The above-mentioned patent solves the problem of seedling grafting, but there are still the following problems in actual operation:

[0004] 1. Unstable quality of scion, easy to carry diseases and pests, and increased infection rate caused by poor compatibility of scion activity and rootstock.

[0005] 2. Operation error caused by equipment failure, environmental control failure, detection data deviation, poor grafting method adaptability, cambium misplacement, poor fixation, insufficient sealing, infection and water loss.

[0006] 3. Environmental parameters are one-size-fits-all, lack of phased regulation, insufficient real-time monitoring, dynamic adjustment lag, single monitoring means, extensive evaluation system and fuzzy management strategy. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application aims to provide a grafting seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate, which deeply combines plant physiological characteristics, geometric morphological parameters and grafting mechanics principles, constructs a quantifiable and traceable method selection model, improves the adaptation efficiency of grafting method by more than 3 times, continuously circulates data comparison and parameter adjustment, realizes continuous optimization of healing environment, guarantees efficient grafting process, sets evaluation indexes such as callus development, new shoot growth, environmental stability and root development, accurately judges the growth quality of grafting seedlings at different healing stages, continuously circulates data comparison and parameter adjustment, realizes continuous optimization of healing environment, guarantees efficient grafting process, sets evaluation indexes such as callus development, new shoot growth, environmental stability and root development, accurately judges the growth quality of grafting seedlings at different healing stages, and solves the problems in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0009] A grafting seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate, comprising:

[0010] First, the scion and the stock are selected, the selected scion and stock are subjected to material treatment, the tree seedling grafting auxiliary equipment is detected, the grafting method is adapted according to the material treated scion and stock, the grafting positioning is implemented after the grafting method adaptation, the healing environment simulation is performed on the wound healing environment of the tree seedling after the grafting positioning implementation, the grafting data are dynamically regulated according to the healing environment simulation data, the cultivation process is monitored in real time when the tree seedling is subjected to grafting cultivation, the cultivation process is evaluated, and the grafting cultivation of the tree seedling is managed according to the evaluation result.

[0011] Preferably, the scion and the stock are selected, comprising:

[0012] First, the scion is selected, including the selection of mother trees and scion branches;

[0013] Among them, the mother tree is selected to be healthy, disease-free and of appropriate age; the scion branch is selected to be the target scion branch with the outer periphery, the upper part, the deep dormancy period of the tree and the diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm; the leaves are cut off after the mother tree and the scion branch are confirmed, and are marked;

[0014] Then, the stock is selected, including the type and source of the stock;

[0015] Among them, the type of stock includes resistant stock, dwarf and arbor stock, adaptive stock and compatible stock; the source includes seedling and clone seedling; the root system, stem and seedling age of the stock are selected according to the inoculation requirements according to the type and source of the stock;

[0016] Finally, the selection of the scion and the rootstock is completed.

[0017] Preferably, the selected scion and the rootstock are subjected to material processing, including:

[0018] The scion is first subjected to material processing, wherein the scion is pruned according to a branch grafting method or a bud grafting method, the branch grafting method being to cut the scion into 8-15 cm small sections, leaving 2-3 full buds, and making a 1 cm flat cut above the top bud and a grafting surface cut at the lower end; the bud grafting method being to peel off a bud piece from the scion branch, the bud piece being 2-3 cm long and 0.5-1 cm wide, and the bud piece being flat cut at the upper end and oblique cut at the lower end in a shield shape; the pruned scion is immersed in a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution or a 50% carbendazim 500 times liquid for 3-5 minutes, then washed twice with sterile water, dried the surface moisture, melted the industrial paraffin to 100-120℃, quickly dipped the lower end of the scion in the paraffin to form a 0.1 mm wax film, and then put the wax-sealed scion into a plastic bag with wet and degreased cotton or moss inside;

[0019] The rootstock is then subjected to material processing, wherein the root system of the rootstock is pruned, including cutting off the damaged roots and split roots of the rootstock, leaving the main root 20-30 cm long and the lateral roots 10-15 cm long, immersing the pruned root system in a 100 ppm rooting powder solution for 30 minutes, and then treating the stem of the rootstock, including cutting off the rootstock 5-15 cm above the ground, flattening the cut surface, removing the leaves, sprouts and epidermal villi within 10 cm below the grafting site, and disinfecting the surface of the stem with 75% alcohol; after the root system and the stem are treated, the rootstock is sprayed with Bordeaux mixture or stone sulfur mixture for disinfection and killing;

[0020] Finally, the material processing of the scion and the rootstock is completed.

[0021] Preferably, the tree grafting auxiliary equipment is detected, including:

[0022] The tree grafting auxiliary equipment includes operating tools, environmental control equipment, monitoring equipment and processing equipment;

[0023] The operating tools include grafting tools, binding and fixing tools and disinfection tools; the environmental control equipment includes temperature and humidity control equipment, light adjustment equipment and ventilation equipment; the monitoring equipment includes environmental sensors, data recording equipment and image monitoring equipment; the processing equipment includes wax sealing equipment, rooting treatment equipment and cleaning equipment;

[0024] The operating tools, the environmental control equipment, the monitoring equipment and the processing equipment are detected respectively, and the detection includes appearance detection, function operation test, safety detection, calibration detection and consumable inspection;

[0025] After the detection is completed and qualified, the next step is performed.

[0026] Preferably, the grafting method is adapted to the treated scion and stock, including:

[0027] The characteristics of the scion and stock are analyzed respectively, wherein the scion includes morphological characteristics, treatment state and botanical characteristics, and the stock includes morphological characteristics, treatment state and functional requirements;

[0028] The characteristics of the scion and stock are matched with the applicable scenarios in the candidate library of grafting methods;

[0029] If the scion is pruned by branch grafting, choose branch grafting or tongue grafting, and match the condition that the stem diameter of the stock is greater than or equal to 0.5 cm; if the scion is pruned by bud grafting, choose "T" shaped bud grafting or embedded bud grafting, and match the condition that the stem diameter of the stock is between 0.5 cm and 2 cm and the cortex is easy to peel;

[0030] After the grafting method is selected, the corresponding tree grafting auxiliary equipment is selected according to the grafting method;

[0031] Finally, the grafting method of the scion and the stock is adapted.

[0032] Preferably, after the grafting method is adapted, the grafting positioning is implemented, including:

[0033] The grafting positioning process includes positioning marking, interfacing, fixing and sealing;

[0034] The positioning marking includes branch grafting positioning and bud grafting positioning, wherein when the stock is positioned by branch grafting, a grafting knife is vertically split at the center of the stock cross section, and the blade draws a split mark line; when the scion is positioned by branch grafting, the scion is held by hand, the cut surface is compared with the stock cut, and the lower end of the cut surface exceeds the stock cut by 0.1-0.2 cm; when the stock is positioned by bud grafting, a "T" shaped cut is made at 5-10 cm from the ground with the tip of the knife, and the horizontal cut is directly above the bud; when the scion is positioned by bud grafting, the bud piece is placed into the stock cut, and the upper end of the bud piece is aligned with the horizontal cut of the stock, or the whole bud piece is attached to the stock cut, and the bud is located in the center of the cut;

[0035] The interfacing includes branch grafting alignment and bud grafting attachment, wherein the branch grafting alignment includes single side alignment and double side alignment, the single side alignment is that the formed layer of one side of the scion cut surface is attached to the formed layer of the same side of the stock split, and the double side alignment is that the formed layers of both sides of the scion cut surface are aligned with the formed layers of both sides of the stock cut, and the top end of the scion is pressed with the thumb for attachment; the bud grafting attachment includes cortex attachment and xylem attachment, the cortex attachment is that the cortex of the stock is pushed open with the tip of the knife, the bud piece is inserted into the T-shaped cut, and the cortex tightly wraps the two sides of the bud piece; the xylem attachment is that the bud piece is attached to the xylem cut surface of the stock cut;

[0036] The fixing includes branch grafting binding and bud grafting binding, wherein the branch grafting binding is that a plastic strip with a width of 1-1.5 cm is wound from the bottom of the grafting interface upward, each circle overlaps by 1 / 3, and when reaching the top end of the scion, the incision is sealed, and finally a knot is tied or a grafting clamp is fixed; the bud grafting binding includes T-shaped bud grafting and embedded bud grafting, the T-shaped bud grafting is that a grafting film with a width of 0.5 cm is wound from below the bud piece and passes above the bud piece, exposing the bud body, and a knot is tied at the lower end of the bud body; the embedded bud grafting is that the grafting interface is fully wrapped, and a gap of 0.5 cm is left at the bud body for binding;

[0037] The sealing is that the part of the top end of the branch grafting scion which is not wax-sealed is smeared with vaseline or healing agent;

[0038] After the grafting positioning is completed, the grafted seedlings are subjected to appearance inspection and stability test;

[0039] After the appearance inspection and stability test are completed and qualified, the grafted seedlings are obtained.

[0040] Preferably, after the grafting positioning is implemented, the wound healing environment of the seedlings is simulated, including:

[0041] The basic environmental parameters are confirmed according to the variety of the grafted seedlings, and the basic environmental parameters include temperature parameters, humidity parameters, light parameters, ventilation parameters and gas composition parameters;

[0042] The healing stage of the grafted seedlings is further divided into an initial stage, a middle stage and a later stage, the initial stage is 0-3 days, the middle stage is 4-10 days, and the later stage is 11-15 days;

[0043] According to the confirmed basic environmental parameters, the environmental simulation equipment is configured, and the environmental simulation equipment includes a heating machine, a refrigerating machine, a humidifier, an LED lamp, a light curtain, a fan, an air filter and a gas monitor;

[0044] After the basic environmental parameters of the environmental simulation equipment are configured, initial parameter calibration is performed;

[0045] After the initial parameter calibration is completed and no error is found in the calibration, the simulation of the healing environment is completed.

[0046] Preferably, the grafted data is dynamically regulated according to the healing environment simulation data, including:

[0047] The healing environment data is collected in real time by using the environmental simulation equipment, and meanwhile, the collected healing environment data is compared with standard parameter data of different stages according to the divided healing stages, wherein the standard parameter data of different stages is called from a database;

[0048] According to the data comparison result, abnormal environment data in the healing environment data is confirmed;

[0049] The abnormal environment data is matched with the corresponding environmental simulation equipment;

[0050] The abnormal range value between the abnormal environment data and the corresponding standard parameter data is confirmed again;

[0051] The parameter adjustment is performed on the matched environment simulation device according to the confirmed abnormal range value;

[0052] The data comparison is performed again after the parameter adjustment is completed, and the data comparison result is no abnormal parameter data.

[0053] Preferably, the sapling is monitored in real time during grafting cultivation, and the cultivation process is evaluated, including:

[0054] The healing environment data after dynamic adjustment is collected in real time, and a real-time curve is formed;

[0055] The wound healing state and the growth state of the grafted sapling are monitored;

[0056] The wound healing state monitoring is to use a high-definition camera to take pictures of the wound of the grafted sapling within a fixed time, and automatically identify the callus coverage area. At the same time, an infrared thermal imager is used to scan the wound area every 3 days. If the temperature of the healing area is 0.5-1℃ higher than the surrounding area, the healing area is normal metabolism. If the temperature difference of the healing area is >2℃, the healing area is healing stagnation. The pressure value is monitored in real time by using a binding force sensor, and the branch grafting pressure is 10-15N / cm 2 ;

[0057] The growth state monitoring of the sapling includes physiological index detection and morphological index recording. The physiological index detection is to measure the transpiration amount by using a leaf transpiration rate instrument. The morphological index recording is to observe and record the new shoot growth amount and root system development situation;

[0058] According to the monitoring results of the wound healing state and the growth state of the sapling, each healing stage of the grafted sapling is evaluated, wherein the evaluation indexes include callus development situation, new shoot growth amount, environmental stability and root system development situation;

[0059] Finally, the cultivation evaluation result of the grafted sapling is obtained.

[0060] Preferably, the sapling grafting cultivation is managed according to the evaluation result, including:

[0061] The cultivation evaluation result is classified and set according to the cultivation index, wherein the cultivation index is called from the database;

[0062] The classification setting includes first-class cultivation, second-class cultivation and third-class cultivation;

[0063] The second-class cultivation and the third-class cultivation are classified to locate problems, including environmental problems, healing problems, growth problems and operation problems;

[0064] After positioning the problem, the grafted seedlings of the secondary cultivation and the tertiary cultivation are managed, wherein the management of the grafted seedlings of the secondary cultivation is to prolong the cultivation, and the management of the grafted seedlings of the tertiary cultivation is to eliminate or graft again.

[0065] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0066] 1. The grafting seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate provided by the present application selects the root system, stem and seedling age of the stock according to the inoculation requirements, ensures that the root system of the stock is developed, the stem is strong and healthy, and the seedling age is appropriate, so that the grafting seedling has good absorption and support capacity and provides sufficient nutrients for the growth of the scion, adjusts the physiological state of the scion and the stock to the optimal adaptation period, prolongs the time window of the grafting operation from 3-5 days of the traditional method to 7-10 days, and significantly improves the operation flexibility in large-scale production.

[0067] 2. The grafting seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate provided by the present application realizes efficient, safe and accurate operation of the grafting auxiliary equipment through comprehensive detection of the grafting auxiliary equipment, comprehensively guarantees the quality and efficiency of the grafting seedling cultivation, deeply integrates the physiological characteristics of plants, geometric morphological parameters and grafting mechanics principles, constructs a quantifiable and traceable method selection model, and makes the adaptation efficiency of the grafting method improve by more than 3 times.

[0068] 3. The grafting seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate provided by the present application controls in stages to ensure that the grafted seedling can obtain the best environmental support in different growth stages, significantly improves the healing efficiency, realizes the continuous optimization of the healing environment through continuous circulation of data comparison and parameter adjustment, guarantees the efficient performance of the grafting process, sets evaluation indexes such as callus development, new shoot growth, environmental stability and root development, and can accurately judge the growth quality of the grafted seedling in different healing stages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0069] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the grafting seedling cultivation steps of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0071] In order to solve the problems of unstable quality of scion, easy to carry diseases and pests, and the increase of infection rate caused by the poor compatibility of scion activity and stock in the prior art, please refer to Figure 1 The embodiment provides the following technical scheme:

[0072] A grafting seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate comprises the following steps:

[0073] First, the scion and the stock are selected, the selected scion and the stock are subjected to material treatment, the seedling grafting auxiliary equipment is detected, the grafting method is adapted according to the material treated scion and the stock, grafting positioning is implemented after the grafting method is adapted, the wound healing environment of the seedling is simulated after the grafting positioning is implemented, the grafting data is dynamically regulated according to the simulation data of the healing environment, the cultivation process is monitored in real time when the seedling is cultivated, the cultivation process is evaluated, and the seedling grafting cultivation condition is managed according to the evaluation result.

[0074] Specifically, starting from the source selection of the scion and the stock, the affinity matching of the two is emphasized, the compatibility of the grafting combination is ensured from the biological basis through the accurate screening of the variety characteristics and the growth state, and the congenital advantage is laid for the subsequent healing process. The material treatment link removes surface bacteria and optimizes the shape of the incision through disinfection, trimming and other operations, reduces the risk of infection, creates a flat interface for the interface of the formation layer, meets the physiological needs of plant wound healing. The equipment detection step ensures the stable performance of the grafting tool, avoids insufficient fitting or environment control failure caused by instrument errors, eliminates potential risks from the hardware level, reflects the rigor of technical implementation, selects the optimal way such as wedge grafting, bud grafting and skin grafting according to the stem structure and the distribution characteristics of the formation layer of different tree species, maximizes the contact area of the formation layer of the scion and the stock, and promotes the rapid fusion of callus. The grafting positioning implementation further ensures the close fitting of the interface through physical fixation technology, reduces the healing obstacles caused by misplacement, and converts traditional experience into quantifiable operation standards. The healing environment simulation technology has broken through to construct a dynamic model of temperature, humidity, light and gas composition, accurately reconstructs the microenvironment required for plant healing through intelligent equipment, avoids the interference of natural environment fluctuations on the healing process, shortens the healing period by 30%-40%, and forms a technical closed loop of dynamic regulation and real-time monitoring: through the real-time collection of physiological signals of the healing area by sensors, the construction of a mathematical model combined with environmental simulation data, the automatic adjustment of parameters such as the temperature control system and the irrigation strategy, the realization of intelligent management of "monitoring-analysis-intervention". The cultivation process evaluation module comprehensively evaluates multiple indexes such as growth, callus area and chlorophyll content, identifies potential problems such as poor healing and blocked nutrient transport in time, and guides the management personnel to take targeted measures such as regrafting and topdressing. This data-driven management mode breaks through the limitations of traditional grafting relying on experience judgment, controls the survival rate fluctuation range within 5%, and significantly improves the cultivation stability.

[0075] The scion and the stock are selected, including:

[0076] The scion is selected first, including the selection of mother trees and scion branches;

[0077] Among them, the mother tree is selected to be strong and disease-free, and the age of the mother tree is appropriate; the scion branch is selected as the target scion branch in the outer middle and upper part, the deep dormancy period of the tree, and the diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm; after the mother tree and the scion branch are confirmed, the leaves are cut off and marked;

[0078] Then the stock is selected, including the type and source of the stock;

[0079] Among them, the type of the stock includes resistant stock, dwarf and arbor stock, adaptive stock and compatible stock; the source includes seedling and clone seedling; according to the type and source of the stock, the root system, stem and age of the stock are selected according to the inoculation requirements;

[0080] Finally, the selection of the scion and the stock is completed.

[0081] Specifically, in the selection of the scion, strict standards are set for the mother tree and the scion branch, greatly improving the quality of the scion. The mother tree is selected to be strong and disease-free, which can ensure the excellent genetic material of the scion from the source and reduce the risk of disease transmission; the age of the mother tree is appropriate, which has strong cell activity and regeneration ability, which is beneficial to rapid healing after grafting. The scion branch is selected in the deep dormancy period of the tree, when the physiological activity of the branch is weak, the loss of water and nutrients is less, and the branch with diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm is selected in the outer middle and upper part, which ensures the full growth of the branch, the full bud and the active cambium, which is more easy to grow with the stock. The operation of cutting leaves and marking not only reduces water evaporation, but also facilitates accurate identification and management in the subsequent grafting process, avoiding confusion, ensuring the standardization and success rate of grafting. In the selection of the stock, the selection of types and sources is very flexible and targeted. The resistant stock can enhance the resistance of the grafted seedling to diseases, pests and adversity; the dwarf and arbor stock can regulate the plant type of the seedling to meet different cultivation needs; the adaptive stock and the compatible stock can ensure smooth nutrient and water transmission between the stock and the scion, and improve the overall adaptability. The selection of various sources of seedlings and clones adapts to different cultivation goals and production scales. According to the inoculation requirements, the root system, stem and age of the stock are selected to ensure that the root system is developed, the stem is strong, and the age is appropriate, so that it has good absorption and support capacity, provides sufficient nutrients for the growth of the scion, guarantees the healthy growth of the grafted seedling, and significantly improves the survival rate of the grafted seedling and the quality of the seedling.

[0082] The selected scion and stock are treated, including:

[0083] The scion is first subjected to material treatment, wherein the scion is pruned according to a branch grafting method or a bud grafting method, the branch grafting method is to cut the scion into 8-15 cm small sections, 2-3 full buds are retained, the top bud is cut 1 cm above, and the lower end is cut according to the grafting method; the bud grafting method is to peel the bud piece from the scion branch, the bud piece is 2-3 cm long and 0.5-1 cm wide, the upper end of the bud piece is cut flat, and the lower end is cut obliquely in a shield shape; the pruned scion is immersed in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution or 50% carbendazim 500 times liquid for 3-5 minutes, then washed twice with sterile water, dried the surface moisture, melted the industrial paraffin to 100-120℃, quickly dipped the lower end of the scion in the paraffin to form a 0.1 mm wax film, then put the wax-sealed scion into a plastic bag, and placed wet and degreased cotton or moss inside the bag;

[0084] The root system of the stock is pruned, including cutting off the damaged roots and split roots of the stock, the main root is retained for 20-30 cm, and the lateral roots are cut short to 10-15 cm, then the root system is immersed in a 100 ppm rooting powder solution for 30 minutes, the stem of the stock is then treated, including cutting off the stock 5-15 cm from the ground, flattening the cut surface, removing the leaves, sprouts and epidermal villi within 10 cm below the grafting site, and disinfecting the stem surface with 75% alcohol; after the root system and the stem are treated, the stock is sprayed with Bordeaux mixture or stone sulfur mixture for disinfection and killing;

[0085] Finally, the material treatment of the scion and the stock is completed.

[0086] Specifically, the scion treatment is designed according to the different physiological characteristics of the branch grafting and the bud grafting: the scion is cut into 8-15 cm segments for branch grafting and 2-3 full buds are retained, which not only meets the nutrient reserves required for bud germination, but also forms a flat interface for the formation layer through top flat cutting and lower end cutting, which is convenient for precise fitting with the stock; the shield-shaped bud piece is stripped for bud grafting, which is designed by upper flat cutting and lower end cutting, maximizes the retention of the formation layer tissue around the bud, and reduces the mechanical damage during stripping of the bud piece, so that the contact area between the bud piece and the stock is increased by more than 30%, which significantly improves the efficiency of callus fusion. The three protection mechanisms of "soaking disinfection-surface cleaning-wax sealing isolation" are adopted: the scion is soaked in 0.1% potassium permanganate or 500 times of carbendazim solution for 3-5 minutes, which can effectively kill the fungi and bacteria carried on the surface, and the sterilization rate is more than 95%; the residual chemicals are removed by washing with sterile water to avoid chemical damage; 100-120°C industrial wax is quickly dipped to form a 0.1mm dense wax film, which not only blocks the invasion path of air-borne pathogens, but also prevents the evaporation of water from the scion incision. In the stock treatment, 75% alcohol is used to wipe the stem to eliminate the pathogenic bacteria carried by the epidermal villi, and bordeaux liquid or stone sulfur mixture is sprayed to form a protective film, which cuts off the disease transmission chain from both the scion and the stock, and controls the infection rate after grafting to be less than 5%. The root system of the stock is pruned to accurately retain 20-30 cm main roots and 10-15 cm lateral roots, which not only avoids the bending of the main root during transplanting, but also stimulates the activation of lateral root meristem through shortening, and cooperates with 100ppm rooting powder soaking for 30 minutes, which makes the IAA (indole acetic acid) concentration of the root wound increase by 2 times, promotes the new root germination speed to increase by 40%, and establishes an efficient channel for water and nutrient transportation after grafting. The wet absorbent cotton / moss moisturizing treatment before the scion wax sealing keeps the cell water content of the scion at 85%-90% during the storage period, and maintains the division activity of the formation layer cells; the leaf and sprout branches are removed in the stem treatment of the stock to reduce the nutrient competition of the grafting site, and the cutting surface is flattened to increase the exposed area of the formation layer of the stock by 20%, which provides more space for the generation of healing tissue for the scion fitting. The scion wax sealing technology breaks through the limitations of traditional moisturizing methods, and the thermoplastic properties of the wax film enable it to closely fit the irregular incision, maintain physical stability in the temperature range of-5°C to 30°C, and avoid the scion from drying or mold due to humidity fluctuations during transportation and storage. The rooting powder soaking after the root system treatment of the stock not only promotes the growth of new roots, but also enhances the stress adaptation ability of the grafted seedlings in the early stage of transplanting by adjusting the root cell osmotic pressure, especially in drought or saline-alkali environment, the survival rate is increased by 15%-20%. The whole treatment process adjusts the physiological state of the scion and the stock to the best adaptation period, which extends the time window of grafting operation from 3-5 days in the traditional method to 7-10 days, and significantly improves the operation flexibility in large-scale production.

[0087] To solve the problems in the prior art, please refer to Figure 1The embodiment provides the following technical scheme:

[0088] The seedling grafting auxiliary equipment is detected, and the detection includes:

[0089] The seedling grafting auxiliary equipment includes an operating tool, an environment regulating device, a monitoring device and a processing device.

[0090] The operating tool includes a grafting cutter, a binding fixing tool and a disinfection tool; the environment regulating device includes a temperature and humidity control device, an illumination adjusting device and a ventilation device; the monitoring device includes an environment sensor, a data recording device and an image monitoring device; and the processing device includes a wax sealing device, a rooting processing device and a cleaning device.

[0091] The operating tool, the environment regulating device, the monitoring device and the processing device are detected respectively, and the detection includes appearance detection, function operation test, safety detection, calibration detection and consumable inspection.

[0092] After the detection is completed and qualified, the next operation is performed.

[0093] Specifically, in terms of operation tool detection, the detection of grafting tools, binding and fixing tools, and disinfection tools ensures the precision and safety of grafting operations. The appearance detection of tools can promptly identify issues such as blade wear and tear, ensuring sharpness through functional operation testing and preventing misalignment after grafting. The detection of disinfection tools prevents infection and reduces the risk of disease transmission. The detection of environmental control equipment is crucial for creating a precise healing environment for grafted seedlings. The detection of temperature and humidity control equipment, light adjustment equipment, and ventilation equipment ensures that grafted seedlings are provided with optimal growing conditions. If temperature and humidity control equipment malfunctions, it may result in excessively high or low humidity, affecting callus formation. Abnormal light adjustment equipment can interfere with photosynthesis, and ventilation equipment failure can lead to stagnant air and bacterial growth. Through detection, these issues can be avoided in advance, significantly improving the survival rate of grafted seedlings. Environmental sensors, data recording equipment, and image monitoring equipment provide real-time data on growing conditions and growth status, enabling managers to identify abnormalities and take appropriate measures. Calibration ensures data accuracy, preventing incorrect decisions due to data bias. Processing equipment detection ensures the smooth operation of the grafting process. Wax sealing equipment, rooting treatment equipment, and cleaning equipment must function properly to ensure the quality of the grafting process. Consumable inspection prevents disruptions in the cultivation process due to insufficient or poor-quality consumables. Through comprehensive detection of these devices, efficient, safe, and precise operation of grafting auxiliary equipment is achieved, ensuring the quality and efficiency of grafted seedling cultivation.

[0094] According to the characteristics of the treated scion and stock, the grafting method is adapted, including:

[0095] The characteristics of the scion and stock are analyzed, including morphological characteristics, treatment status, and botanical characteristics for the scion, and morphological characteristics, treatment status, and functional requirements for the stock.

[0096] The characteristics of the scion and stock are matched with the applicable scenarios in the candidate library of grafting methods, as shown in the following figure:

[0097]

[0098] If the scion is pruned according to the branch grafting method, choose branch grafting or tongue grafting, and match the case where the stem diameter of the stock is greater than or equal to 0.5 cm. If the scion is pruned according to the bud grafting method, choose "T" bud grafting or embedded bud grafting, and match the case where the stem diameter of the stock is between 0.5 cm and 2 cm and the cortex is easily peeled.

[0099] After the grafting method is selected, the corresponding tree seedling grafting auxiliary equipment is selected according to the grafting method;

[0100] Finally, the grafting method of the scion and the stock is adapted.

[0101] Specifically, the three-dimensional characteristics of the scion and the stock are quantitatively analyzed: on the scion level, the morphological characteristics determine the preparation method of the cut, the treatment state affects the healing environment requirement, and the botanical characteristics define the boundary of the applicable method; on the stock level, the morphological characteristics limit the interface structure design, the treatment state affects the physiological compatibility, and the functional requirement determines the directional selection of the grafting method. For example, for a stock with a diameter of 1.2 cm and a scion with a diameter of 0.8 cm, the cut grafting method is preferentially selected through characteristic matching, which increases the cambium contact area by 25% compared to random selection, significantly shortens the healing time, and the method candidate library is constructed as a technical matrix with "applicable conditions-scion requirements-stock requirements" three-dimensional coordinates, forming clear decision rules. This structured matching improves the accuracy of method selection from 60% of artificial experience to 92%, especially in grafting of special varieties such as walnuts (thick cortex) and roses (bud body easy to damage), the advantages are significant. The establishment of the mandatory association rule of "pruning morphology-method type" eliminates the mismatching risk of pruning method and grafting method, avoids the problem of cortex tearing caused by excessively large bud pieces or nutrient deficiency caused by excessively short branches, and triggers the equipment adaptation logic after the grafting method is determined, which significantly reduces the interface fitting deviation caused by manual operation, providing a stable physical basis for subsequent healing environment simulation. By deeply integrating plant physiological characteristics, geometric morphological parameters, and grafting mechanics principles, a quantifiable and traceable method selection model is constructed, which improves the adaptation efficiency of grafting method by more than 3 times. Especially in large-scale seedling production, it can realize the rapid generation of different varieties of grafting schemes and automatic scheduling of equipment, reducing the survival rate fluctuation coefficient from 25% of traditional experience method to less than 12%.

[0102] After the grafting method is adapted, the grafting positioning and implementation are carried out, including:

[0103] The grafting positioning process includes positioning marking, docking, fixing, and sealing.

[0104] The positioning marking includes branch grafting positioning and bud grafting positioning. When the stock is positioned by branch grafting, a grafting knife is vertically split at the center of the stock section, and the blade draws a split mark line; when the scion is positioned by branch grafting, the cut surface is compared with the stock cut, and the lower end of the cut surface exceeds the stock cut by 0.1-0.2 cm; when the stock is positioned by bud grafting, a "T" shaped cut is made at the stock 5-10 cm above the ground with the knife tip, and the horizontal cut is directly above the bud; when the scion is positioned by bud grafting, the bud piece is placed into the stock cut, and the upper end of the bud piece is aligned with the horizontal cut of the stock, or the entire bud piece is attached to the stock cut with the bud in the center of the cut.

[0105] The grafting includes branch grafting alignment and bud grafting adhesion. The branch grafting alignment includes single-side alignment and double-side alignment. The single-side alignment is to adhere the layers of the one side of the cut surface of the scion to the layers of the split end of the stock. The double-side alignment is to align the layers of the two sides of the cut surface of the scion to the layers of the split end of the stock, and to press the top end of the scion with the thumb. The bud grafting adhesion includes skin layer adhesion and xylem adhesion. The skin layer adhesion is to push the bud piece into the T-shaped split end, and to embed the bud piece, while the skin layer tightly wraps the two sides of the bud piece. The xylem adhesion is to adhere the xylem of the bud piece to the xylem of the split end of the stock.

[0106] The fixing includes branch grafting binding and bud grafting binding. The branch grafting binding is to wrap the split end from the bottom to the top with a plastic strip of 1-1.5 cm wide, and to overlap 1 / 3 of each turn, until the top end of the scion is sealed, and finally to knot or fix with a grafting clamp. The bud grafting binding includes T-shaped bud grafting and embedded bud grafting. The T-shaped bud grafting is to wrap the bud piece from below with a grafting film of 0.5 cm wide, and to pass over the bud piece, to expose the bud body, and to knot at the lower end of the bud body. The embedded bud grafting is to wrap the split end, and to leave a gap of 0.5 cm at the bud body.

[0107] The sealing is to smear the part of the top end of the branch grafting scion which is not sealed with wax with vaseline or healing agent.

[0108] After the grafting positioning is completed, the grafted seedlings are subjected to appearance inspection and stability test.

[0109] After the appearance inspection and stability test are completed and qualified, the grafted seedlings are obtained.

[0110] Specifically, the branch grafting method solves the problem of cambium dislocation caused by the insertion of the scion too deep in the traditional wedge grafting by the double restriction of the center split mark line of the rootstock section and the excess amount of the scion cutting surface, and the single / double surface aligned cambium contact area is increased by 20%-30%; the bud grafting method ensures the precise alignment of the bud growth point and the cambium area of the rootstock through the "T" shaped opening positioning and the bud piece alignment rule, especially in apple, peach and other tree species with thick cortex, the bud piece embedding error can be controlled within 0.5mm, avoiding the failure of germination caused by position deviation, in the branch grafting, single surface alignment is suitable for the scenario where the diameter difference between the scion and the rootstock is less than or equal to 0.5cm, through the close contact of the single cambium, the water transport channel is ensured to be continuous; double surface alignment is suitable for equal-thickness scions, and the two sides of the cambium are synchronized to accelerate the generation speed of callus by 40%, significantly improving the interface strength. In the bud grafting, the cortex contact solves the problem of cortex sliding in the growth period, and the wood contact is suitable for tree species with thin cortex, which breaks through the application limit of traditional bud grafting by embedding the microstructure of the bud piece and the wood section, the branch grafting binding adopts 1-1.5cm wide plastic strip spiral winding, and the pressure distribution design of 1 / 3 overlap of each turn avoids the cortex damage caused by over-tightening and prevents the scion displacement caused by over-looseness; in the bud grafting binding, the T-shaped bud grafting exposes the bud body in the winding mode, which ensures that the bud body is not restricted during germination, and the embedded bud grafting leaves a gap design, which avoids the mold growth of the bud body while keeping it moist. The auxiliary use of the grafting clamp further improves the stability of the thick branch grafting, especially in the open environment with strong wind, the interface fracture risk is reduced by 60%, the sealing treatment is suitable for the area of the scion top end which is not wax sealed, the application of vaseline or healing agent forms a 0.2-0.3mm thick hydrophobic barrier, which reduces the water evaporation rate by 50%, and at the same time inhibits the invasion of fusarium, anthracnose and other pathogenic bacteria. The quality closed loop constructed by appearance inspection and stability test controls the unqualified product rejection rate within 5%, avoids the healing failure caused by positioning deviation in the later stage, and provides a stable physical basis for the subsequent healing environment simulation.

[0111] In order to solve the problems of one-size-fits-all, lack of phased regulation, insufficient real-time monitoring, dynamic adjustment lag, single monitoring means, extensive evaluation system and fuzzy management strategy in the prior art, please refer to Figure 1 The embodiment provides the following technical solutions:

[0112] After the grafting positioning is implemented, the wound healing environment of the sapling is simulated, including:

[0113] Confirming the basic environment parameters of the grafted sapling according to the variety of the grafted sapling, the basic environment parameters including temperature parameters, humidity parameters, light parameters, ventilation parameters and gas composition parameters;

[0114] Dividing the healing stage of the grafted sapling into early stage, middle stage and late stage, the early stage being 0-3 days, the middle stage being 4-10 days, and the late stage being 11-15 days;

[0115] According to the confirmed basic environment parameters, the environment simulation equipment is configured, which includes a heating machine, a refrigeration machine, a humidifier, an LED lamp, a light curtain, a fan, an air filter and a gas monitor;

[0116] After the basic environment parameters of the environment simulation equipment are configured, initial parameter calibration is performed;

[0117] After the initial parameter calibration is completed and the calibration is correct, the simulation of the healing environment is completed.

[0118] Specifically, the basic environment parameters are set based on the variety of the grafted seedlings, and precise adaptation of environmental control is achieved. Different varieties have different requirements for temperature, humidity, light, air and other conditions. For example, tropical fruit tree grafted seedlings prefer higher temperature and humidity, while temperate tree species are more sensitive to light duration. Clearing parameters such as temperature, humidity and light provides a precise basis for subsequent environmental simulation, avoiding the impact of an unsuitable environment on the healing process. The detailed division of the healing stage conforms to the physiological laws of wound healing of the seedlings. In the early stage (0-3 days), the focus is on reducing water loss and avoiding bacterial infection through moderate humidity and stable temperature; in the middle stage (4-10 days), the light intensity is increased and the ventilation conditions are optimized to promote the rapid growth of callus; in the later stage (11-15 days), the gas composition is adjusted and the humidity is reduced to assist the lignification of the interface. Stage-by-stage control ensures that grafted seedlings can obtain the best environmental support in different growth stages, significantly improving healing efficiency. The reasonable configuration and accurate calibration of the environment simulation equipment ensure the stable output of environmental parameters. The coordinated operation of devices such as heating machines, refrigeration machines and humidifiers can accurately maintain stable temperature and humidity; LED lamps and light curtains cooperate to achieve flexible adjustment of light intensity and duration; fans, air filters and gas monitors ensure smooth ventilation and suitable gas composition. The initial parameter calibration further eliminates device errors, ensuring that environmental simulation data is true and reliable, providing a stable and precise growth environment for grafted seedlings, reducing healing problems caused by environmental fluctuations, and significantly improving the survival rate and robustness of grafted seedlings.

[0119] According to the healing environment simulation data, the grafted data is dynamically regulated, including:

[0120] The environment simulation equipment is used to collect healing environment data in real time. At the same time, the collected healing environment data is compared with the standard parameter data of different stages according to the divided healing stages, wherein the standard parameter data of different stages is retrieved from the database;

[0121] According to the data comparison result, the abnormal environment data in the healing environment data is confirmed;

[0122] The abnormal environment data is matched with the corresponding environment simulation equipment;

[0123] Confirm the abnormal range value between the abnormal environment data and the corresponding standard parameter data;

[0124] Adjust the parameters of the matched environment simulation equipment according to the confirmed abnormal range value;

[0125] After the parameter adjustment is completed, the data comparison is performed again until there is no abnormal parameter data in the data comparison result.

[0126] Specifically, the environment simulation equipment (temperature sensor, humidity probe, etc.) collects data in real time at a frequency of minutes (such as recording temperature and humidity every 5 minutes), forming a dynamic database containing 1200+ data points / day. Based on the standard parameter model of the healing stage (initial stage / intermediate stage / late stage) (such as 25-28℃ in the initial stage, humidity 90%-95%), the system automatically performs three-dimensional comparison: absolute value deviation (difference between current value and standard value), trend fluctuation (parameter change rate within 30 minutes), and physiological correlation degree (such as whether a sudden drop in humidity is accompanied by an abnormal scion transpiration rate). This multi-dimensional data verification makes the abnormal recognition accuracy rate reach more than 98%, avoiding the false alarm problem of single parameter threshold alarm (traditional single-point alarm false alarm rate reaches 20%). By collecting healing environment data in real time and comparing it with standard parameter data at different stages, environmental changes can be accurately captured. Once abnormal environment data is found, the problem is immediately locked, and the environment simulation equipment is adjusted according to the abnormal range value to ensure that the healing environment always meets the needs of each stage of grafting. This precise control avoids grafting failure caused by unsuitable environment, greatly improves the grafting survival rate and seedling quality, and real-time data collection and dynamic comparison enable the system to quickly discover abnormalities and respond. Compared with traditional manual monitoring, this scheme can discover problems at the first time, reduces time delay, and significantly improves control efficiency. Through continuous data comparison and parameter adjustment, the healing environment is continuously optimized, ensuring efficient grafting process. Matching abnormal environment data with corresponding environment simulation equipment identifies the problem equipment, allowing maintenance personnel to quickly locate faulty equipment for targeted repair and debugging. This not only improves equipment management efficiency, but also discovers potential equipment problems in time, prolongs equipment service life, and reduces equipment maintenance cost.

[0127] When the sapling is grafted and cultivated, the cultivation process is monitored in real time, and the cultivation process is evaluated, including:

[0128] Real-time collection of dynamically adjusted healing environment data and formation of real-time curves;

[0129] Monitoring the wound healing state and seedling growth state of the grafted sapling;

[0130] The wound healing state monitoring is to use a high-definition camera to take pictures of the wound of the grafted seedling at a fixed time, and automatically identify the callus coverage area. Meanwhile, an infrared thermal imager is used to scan the wound area every 3 days. If the temperature of the healing area is 0.5-1℃ higher than that of the surrounding area, the healing area is normal metabolism. If the temperature difference of the healing area is >2℃, the healing area is healing stagnation. The binding force sensor is used to monitor the pressure value in real time, and the grafting pressure is 10-15N / cm 2 ;

[0131] The seedling growth state monitoring includes physiological index detection and morphological index recording. The physiological index detection is to measure the transpiration amount by using a leaf transpiration rate instrument. The morphological index recording is to observe and record the new shoot growth amount and root development situation.

[0132] According to the monitoring results of the wound healing state and the seedling growth state, each healing stage of the grafted seedling is evaluated. The evaluation indexes include the callus development situation, the new shoot growth amount, the environmental stability and the root development situation.

[0133] Finally, the cultivation evaluation result of the grafted seedling is obtained.

[0134] Specifically, through multi-dimensional monitoring of the healing environment data, the wound healing state and the seedling growth state, a comprehensive monitoring system is formed. Real-time collection of healing environment data and formation of curves can intuitively show the environmental change trend. The wound healing state monitoring evaluates the healing situation from the callus coverage area, temperature metabolism, binding force and the like. The seedling growth state monitoring covers physiological and morphological indexes, so that the cultivator can comprehensively master the growth status of the grafted seedling, provide a basis for scientific decision-making, and break through the limitations of traditional manual monitoring by integrating high-definition camera image recognition, infrared thermal imager temperature monitoring, binding force sensor pressure detection and other technologies. Automatic identification of the callus coverage area reduces human error. The infrared thermal imager accurately judges the metabolism state of the healing area. The sensor monitors the binding force in real time to ensure that the pressure value meets the standard. The application of these technologies significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring. According to the monitoring results of each stage, dynamic evaluation is carried out to timely find out the problems in the cultivation process. By setting evaluation indexes such as callus development, new shoot growth amount, environmental stability and root development, the growth quality of the grafted seedling at different healing stages can be accurately judged. Once a problem is found, the cultivation strategy can be quickly adjusted to ensure the cultivation effect of the grafted seedling, improve the yield of high-quality seedlings, and a large amount of monitoring data accumulation provides a solid foundation for subsequent cultivation process optimization. Through analysis of these data, the growth rules of grafted seedlings under different varieties and different environmental conditions can be summarized, and then the cultivation scheme and standard can be optimized to realize continuous improvement of the cultivation process and promote the continuous development of grafting cultivation technology.

[0135] According to the evaluation result, the seedling grafting cultivation condition is managed, including:

[0136] The cultivation evaluation result is graded according to the cultivation index, wherein the cultivation index is called from the database;

[0137] The grading includes first-class cultivation, second-class cultivation and third-class cultivation;

[0138] The second-class cultivation and the third-class cultivation are graded to position problems, including environmental problems, healing problems, growth problems and operation problems;

[0139] After the problem positioning, the grafted seedlings of the second-class cultivation and the third-class cultivation are managed, wherein the grafted seedlings of the second-class cultivation are managed for extended cultivation; and the grafted seedlings of the third-class cultivation are managed for elimination or regrafting.

[0140] Specifically, the cultivation index called from the database scientifically divides the cultivation evaluation result into three levels, so that the cultivator can quickly judge the seedling state. For the first-class cultivation seedlings, resources can be concentrated to accelerate the cultivation process; for the second-class and third-class seedlings, problems can be accurately positioned to avoid wasting resources on plants with no potential, achieve efficient allocation of resources, improve overall cultivation efficiency, and for the second-class and third-class cultivation seedlings, environmental, healing, growth and operation problems are carefully divided to help management personnel quickly lock the problem source. This precise positioning reduces the time and effort spent on problem investigation, allowing staff to quickly develop solutions, effectively improving the efficiency of grafted seedling cultivation management, and shortening the cultivation cycle. Differentiated management measures are taken for different levels of seedlings, the second-class cultivation seedlings are given more time to improve their growth conditions through extended cultivation, and the output rate of high-quality seedlings is improved; the third-class cultivation seedlings are eliminated or regrafted promptly to stop losses and avoid inferior seedlings flowing into the market. This measure ensures the overall quality of the cultivated seedlings and maintains the reliability of the cultivation results. Based on database indicators for grading management, the cultivation data of different levels of seedlings is continuously accumulated to support the optimization of cultivation indicators and management strategies in the future. Through analysis of problem seedling data, weaknesses in the cultivation process can also be identified to promote the continuous improvement of the cultivation system and promote the progress of seedling grafting cultivation technology.

[0141] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such a process, method, article or device.

[0142] While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, replacements and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, which can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for raising grafted seedlings with improved grafting survival rate, characterized by, include: First, select scions and rootstocks, process the selected scions and rootstocks, test the grafting equipment, adapt the grafting method to the processed scions and rootstocks, implement the grafting positioning, simulate the wound healing environment of the seedlings after grafting positioning, dynamically adjust the grafting data based on the simulated healing environment data, monitor the cultivation process in real time during the grafting cultivation of seedlings, evaluate the cultivation process, and manage the grafting cultivation of seedlings based on the evaluation results; After grafting and positioning, a healing environment simulation was performed on the seedling wound, including: The basic environmental parameters are determined based on the variety of the grafted seedlings. These parameters include temperature, humidity, light, ventilation, and gas composition. The healing stages of grafted seedlings are further divided into early, middle and late stages, with the early stage lasting 0-3 days, the middle stage lasting 4-10 days, and the late stage lasting 11-15 days. Based on the confirmed basic environmental parameters, the environmental simulation equipment is configured, including a heater, a refrigerator, a humidifier, LED lights, a blackout curtain, a fan, an air filter, and a gas monitor. After the basic environmental parameters of the environmental simulation equipment are configured, initial parameter calibration is performed. After the initial parameters are calibrated and confirmed to be correct, the simulation of the healing environment is completed. The grafting data is dynamically adjusted based on the healing environment simulation data, including: The healing environment data is collected in real time using environmental simulation equipment. At the same time, the collected healing environment data is compared with the standard parameter data of different stages according to the divided healing stages. The standard parameter data of different stages are retrieved from the database. Based on the data comparison results, abnormal environmental data in the healing environment data will be confirmed; Match abnormal environmental data with corresponding environmental simulation equipment; Next, confirm the abnormal range values ​​between the abnormal environmental data and the corresponding standard parameter data; Adjust the parameters of the matched environmental simulation equipment based on the confirmed abnormal range values; After the parameters are adjusted, the data comparison is performed again until the data comparison results show no abnormal parameter data. The grafting and cultivation of seedlings is monitored in real time, and the cultivation process is evaluated, including: Real-time data collection of the dynamically adjusted healing environment is performed, and real-time curves are generated. Monitor the wound healing status and seedling growth status of grafted seedlings; Among them, wound healing status monitoring involves using a high-definition camera to photograph the wound of the grafted seedling at fixed intervals and automatically identifying the area covered by callus tissue. At the same time, an infrared thermal imager scans the wound area every 3 days. If the temperature of the healing area is 0.5-1℃ higher than the surrounding area, the healing area is in normal metabolism; if the temperature difference in the healing area is >2℃, the healing area is in stagnation. A binding force sensor is used to monitor the pressure value in real time, with the grafting pressure being 10-15 N / cm². Monitoring the growth status of seedlings includes the detection of physiological indicators and the recording of morphological indicators. The detection of physiological indicators involves measuring transpiration using a leaf transpiration rate meter; the recording of morphological indicators involves observing and recording the growth of new shoots and the development of the root system. According to the monitoring results of the wound healing state and the seedling growth state, each healing stage of the grafted seedling is evaluated, wherein the evaluation indexes include the callus development, the new shoot growth, the environmental stability and the root development; Finally, the cultivation evaluation result of the grafted seedling is obtained.

2. The grafting seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate according to claim 1, characterized by, The scion and the stock are selected, including: First, the scion is selected, including the selection of mother trees and scion branches; Among them, the mother tree is selected from the healthy and disease-free mother tree with appropriate tree age; the scion branch is selected from the outer periphery, the deep dormancy period of the tree and the diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm as the target scion branch; after the mother tree and the scion branch are confirmed, the leaves are cut off and marked; Then, the stock is selected, including the type and source of the stock; Among them, the type of the stock includes resistant stock, dwarf and arbor stock, adaptive stock and compatible stock; the source includes seedling and clone seedling; according to the type and source of the stock, the root system, stem and seedling age of the stock are selected according to the inoculation requirements; Finally, the selection of the scion and the stock is completed.

3. The grafting seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate according to claim 1, characterized by, The selected scion and stock are subjected to material treatment, including: First, the scion is subjected to material treatment, wherein the scion is trimmed according to the branch grafting method or the bud grafting method; the branch grafting method is to cut the scion into 8-15 cm segments, retain 2-3 full buds, leave 1 cm flat cut on the top bud, and cut the lower end according to the grafting method; the bud grafting method is to peel the bud piece from the scion branch, the bud piece is 2-3 cm long and 0.5-1 cm wide, the upper end of the bud piece is flat cut and the lower end is oblique cut to form a shield shape; the trimmed scion is immersed in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution or 50% carbendazim 500 times liquid for 3-5 minutes, then washed twice with sterile water, dried the surface water, melted the industrial paraffin to 100-120℃, quickly dipped the lower end of the scion in the paraffin to form a 0.1 mm wax film, then put the wax-sealed scion into a plastic bag with wet and degreased cotton or moss inside; Then, the stock is subjected to material treatment, wherein the root system of the stock is trimmed, including cutting off the damaged roots and split roots of the stock, retaining 20-30 cm of the main root and shortening the lateral roots to 10-15 cm, immersing the trimmed root system in 100 ppm rooting powder solution for 30 minutes, and then treating the stem of the stock, including cutting off the stock 5-15 cm from the ground, flattening the cut surface, removing the leaves, sprouts and epidermal villi within 10 cm below the grafting site, and disinfecting the stem surface with 75% alcohol; after the root system and the stem are treated, the stock is sprayed with Bordeaux mixture or stone sulfur mixture for disinfection and killing; Finally, the material treatment of the scion and the stock is completed.

4. The grafting seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seedling grafting auxiliary equipment is detected, including: The seedling grafting auxiliary equipment includes operation tools, environmental control equipment, monitoring equipment and processing equipment; Among them, the operation tools include grafting tools, binding and fixing tools and disinfection tools; the environmental control equipment includes temperature and humidity control equipment, light adjustment equipment and ventilation equipment; the monitoring equipment includes environmental sensors, data recording equipment and image monitoring equipment; the processing equipment includes wax sealing equipment, rooting treatment equipment and cleaning equipment; The operation tool, the environment control device, the monitoring device and the processing device are detected respectively, and the detection includes appearance detection, function running test, safety detection, calibration detection and consumable inspection; After the detection is completed and qualified, the next operation is performed.

5. The grafting seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grafting method is adapted according to the treated scion and stock, including: The characteristics of the scion and the stock are analyzed respectively, wherein the scion includes morphological characteristics, treatment state and botanical characteristics, and the stock includes morphological characteristics, treatment state and functional requirements; The characteristics of the scion and the stock are matched with the applicable scenarios in the candidate library of grafting methods; If the scion is pruned by branch grafting, branch grafting or tongue grafting is selected, and the stem diameter of the stock is greater than or equal to 0.5 cm; if the scion is pruned by bud grafting, "T" shaped bud grafting or embedded bud grafting is selected, and the stem diameter of the stock is 0.5-2 cm and the cortex is easy to peel; After the grafting method is selected, the corresponding tree grafting auxiliary equipment is selected according to the grafting method; Finally, the grafting method of the scion and the stock is adapted.

6. The grafting seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the grafting method is adapted, the grafting positioning is implemented, including: The grafting positioning process includes positioning marking, docking, fixing and sealing; The positioning marking includes branch grafting positioning and bud grafting positioning, wherein the center of the stock section is vertically split with a grafting knife when the stock is positioned by branch grafting, and the knife edge draws a split mark line; when the scion is positioned by branch grafting, the cut surface is compared with the stock cutout, and the lower end of the cut surface exceeds the stock cutout by 0.1-0.2 cm; when the stock is positioned by bud grafting, a "T" shaped opening is cut at 5-10 cm from the ground with a knife tip, and the horizontal opening is located directly above the bud; when the scion is positioned by bud grafting, the bud piece is placed into the stock cutout, and the upper end of the bud piece is aligned with the horizontal opening of the stock, or the whole bud piece is attached to the stock cutout, and the bud is located in the center of the cutout; The docking includes branch grafting alignment and bud grafting attachment, wherein the branch grafting alignment includes single-sided alignment and double-sided alignment, the single-sided alignment is that one side of the scion cut surface is attached to the same side of the stock split opening; the double-sided alignment is that the two sides of the scion cut surface are aligned with the two sides of the stock cutout, and the top end of the scion is pressed with the thumb for attachment; the bud grafting attachment includes cortex attachment and xylem attachment, the cortex attachment is that the cortex of the stock is pushed open with a knife tip, the bud piece is inserted into the T-shaped opening, and the cortex tightly wraps the two sides of the bud piece; the xylem attachment is that the bud piece is attached to the xylem cut surface of the stock cutout; The fixing includes branch grafting binding and bud grafting binding, wherein the branch grafting binding is that a 1-1.5 cm wide plastic strip is wound from the bottom of the interface to the top, each circle overlaps 1 / 3, and the cutout is sealed when the top end of the scion is reached, and finally the knot is tied or the grafting clamp is fixed; the bud grafting binding includes T-shaped bud grafting and embedded bud grafting, the T-shaped bud grafting is that a 0.5 cm wide grafting film is wound from below the bud piece and passes above the bud piece, and the bud body is exposed, and the knot is tied at the lower end of the bud body; the embedded bud grafting is that the interface is completely wrapped, and a 0.5 cm gap is left at the bud body for binding; The sealing is that the part of the scion top end which is not wax sealed is smeared with vaseline or healing agent; After the grafting positioning is completed, the appearance inspection and stability test of the grafted tree seedling are performed. After the appearance inspection and stability test are completed and qualified, the grafting of the sapling is completed.

7. The grafting seedling cultivation method for improving grafting survival rate according to claim 1, characterized in that, According to the evaluation result, the management of the sapling grafting cultivation is carried out, including: The cultivation evaluation result is graded according to the cultivation index, wherein the cultivation index is called from the database; The grading setting includes first-class cultivation, second-class cultivation and third-class cultivation; The second-class cultivation and the third-class cultivation are classified to locate problems, including environmental problems, healing problems, growth problems and operation problems; After the problem positioning, the grafted saplings of the second-class cultivation and the third-class cultivation are managed, wherein the grafted saplings of the second-class cultivation are managed for extended cultivation; the grafted saplings of the third-class cultivation are managed for elimination or regrafting.

Images