Light-wind synergistic plant canopy environment optimization method and light supplement lamp

Abstract

The invention discloses a light-wind collaborative plant canopy environment optimization method and a light supplement lamp, and the method comprises the steps: comparing a collected current environment parameter with an environment reference value, if the current environment parameter and the environment reference value are in an allowable difference range, executing a conventional strategy, and maintaining the basic illumination intensity and basic air supply speed; if the difference between the current environment parameter and the environment reference value is not allowed, an optimization strategy is executed, and the illumination intensity and the air supply speed are increased or decreased; and after the optimization strategy is executed for a set time, if it is detected that the new environment parameter and the environment reference value have a difference beyond permission, an emergency strategy is executed, and manual intervention adjustment is performed. Through cooperative regulation and control of vertical air supply and light supplement, gas distribution, humidity and illumination conditions at the bottom of the canopy are optimized, the growth efficiency of crops is improved, diseases are inhibited, the microenvironment at the bottom of the canopy in a high-density planting environment is remarkably improved, and the method is suitable for crop cultivation in plant factories.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of plant lamps, and in particular to a light-wind coordinated plant canopy environment optimization method and a fill light, which mainly optimize and adjust the bottom environment of the plant canopy. Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural production, plant factories are widely used as an efficient and controllable cultivation method for high-density cash crop cultivation. However, existing plant factory environmental control technologies still have many shortcomings, especially in optimizing the microenvironment at the base of the canopy. In plant factories, for high-density cash crop cultivation, a design with overhead suspended fill lights combined with horizontal circulation fans is commonly used. However, in this high-density planting environment, the following shortcomings exist.

[0003] 1. The microenvironment at the bottom of the canopy is not adequately regulated. Top fill lights and side fans cannot effectively improve the ventilation dead corners at the bottom of the canopy, resulting in an uneven CO2 concentration gradient and affecting the efficiency of gas absorption by plant stomata.

[0004] 2. The bottom of the canopy is in a high humidity and low light environment for a long time, which is prone to breeding foliar diseases such as gray mold and downy mildew. The existing technology lacks an active intervention mechanism for the humidity of the bottom microenvironment.

[0005] 3. Low gas utilization efficiency: The stomata of dicotyledonous crops are mainly distributed on the back of the leaves. Traditional horizontal air supply cannot directly act on the stomatal-dense areas, and the horizontal air supply mode is difficult to penetrate the leaf layer at the bottom of the canopy.

[0006] 4. Energy consumption redundancy: The independent CO2 delivery system requires additional equipment and is separated from the supplemental lighting device, resulting in complex installation and high operation and maintenance costs.

[0007] 5. Lack of dynamic response: Existing fans mostly use fixed speeds and cannot adjust the wind speed in real time according to the canopy temperature and humidity, which can easily cause local oversaturation or gas waste.

[0008] 6. Leaf shading effect: In a high-density planting environment, crop leaves overlap with each other, resulting in uneven light distribution for the middle and lower leaves. Traditional static lighting cannot effectively solve the problem of leaf self-shading, resulting in a decrease in photosynthetic efficiency.

[0009] In summary, existing technologies have significant defects in terms of canopy bottom microenvironment regulation, gas utilization efficiency, dynamic response capability, and disease prevention and control. There is an urgent need for a technical solution that can integrate lighting and ventilation functions, achieve dynamic regulation, and optimize the canopy bottom microenvironment to improve the production efficiency and crop quality of plant factories. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a light-wind coordinated plant canopy environment optimization method and fill light, which has the advantages of improving ventilation dead corners at the bottom of the canopy, promoting uniform distribution of CO2, reducing humidity to inhibit leaf diseases, and improving gas utilization efficiency.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0012] A light-wind synergistic plant canopy environment optimization method comprises the following steps:

[0013] Set environmental benchmark values, including temperature benchmark value, humidity benchmark value, carbon dioxide benchmark value, and light intensity benchmark value;

[0014] Build a dynamic control mechanism with conventional strategies, optimization strategies and emergency strategies;

[0015] When started, the lamps provide basic light intensity to the plant canopy, and the fans provide basic air supply speed. Air blows vertically upward from the bottom of the plant canopy to form a vertical upward directional laminar flow that penetrates the plant canopy.

[0016] The current environmental parameters at the bottom of the plant canopy are collected in real time through sensors and sent to the control end. The current environmental parameters include current temperature, current humidity, current carbon dioxide concentration, and current light intensity;

[0017] According to the collected current environmental parameters, they are compared with the environmental benchmark values. If the current environmental parameters are within the allowable difference range between the environmental benchmark values, the conventional strategy is executed to maintain the basic light intensity and basic air supply speed; if the current environmental parameters are outside the allowable range between the environmental benchmark values, the optimization strategy is executed to increase or decrease the light intensity and air supply speed; after executing the optimization strategy for a set time, if it is detected that the new environmental parameters are still outside the allowable range between the environmental benchmark values, the emergency strategy is executed and manual intervention is made to adjust.

[0018] The temperature reference value includes a temperature reference upper limit value and a temperature reference lower limit value. If the current temperature parameter is greater than the temperature reference upper limit value, the air supply speed of the fan is limited to ≤0.8m / s; if the current temperature parameter is less than the temperature reference lower limit value, the lamp is operated at a set low power to generate radiant heat, so that the temperature at the bottom of the plant canopy is maintained above the temperature reference lower limit value.

[0019] If the current humidity parameter is greater than the humidity reference value and lasts for T1, the fan speed is increased to 1m / s-1.2m / s, and blue light irradiation is turned on at the same time, so that the proportion of blue light in the lighting environment provided by the lamp is 35-40%.

[0020] The fan's air supply mode is set to a pulse air supply mode that alternates between strong and weak air. The air supply speed of the strong air is greater than that of the weak air.

[0021] The light intensity reference value has a light intensity reference upper limit value and a light intensity reference lower limit value. If the current light intensity is less than the light intensity reference lower limit value and the duration is T2, the luminous power of the lamp is increased at a rate gradient of 3-5% / min, and the wind speed disturbance is increased at the same time so that the air supply speed of the fan fluctuates at ±0.2m / s at the current speed; if the current light intensity is greater than the light intensity reference upper limit value, the air supply speed of the fan is maintained at 0.8-1m / s.

[0022] At night, between 18:00 and 06:00, the lamps only emit ultraviolet light. The fan's air speed is reduced to 0.4-0.6 m / s. However, if the current humidity is >70%, the intermittent high-wind mode is activated, with the fan providing air at a speed of 0.8-1 m / s for 5 minutes every 30 minutes. This maintains the plant canopy temperature at 20-24°C.

[0023] When the humidity at the bottom of the plant canopy is >75% and the temperature is >25°C for 2-2.5 consecutive hours, the UV antibacterial mode is activated, the lamp emits UV light, and the fan air supply speed is maintained at 1-1.2m / s;

[0024] During the period of 04:00-05:00 every day, a preventive drying cycle is implemented, and the air supply speed is increased to 1.2-1.5m / s to replace the moist air trapped at the bottom of the plant canopy.

[0025] A fill light comprises a lamp, which is provided with a light-emitting component, and has input terminals and output terminals at both ends of the lamp. A vertical air supply module is provided on the side of the lamp, and the vertical air supply module supplies air in a vertical direction toward the lamp to form a vertical upward laminar flow. A controller is provided in the lamp, and the vertical air supply module and the light-emitting component are both connected to the controller. A partition is provided in the lamp, and the partition divides the internal space of the lamp into an independent air outlet cavity and a heat dissipation cavity. A heat dissipation vent is provided on the end cover, and a breathing valve is provided in the area of ​​the lamp corresponding to the heat dissipation cavity, and the air outlet is corresponding to the area of ​​the air outlet cavity.

[0026] The vertical air supply module includes a fan and an air outlet. The air outlet is arranged on the upper surface of the lamp, and the fan is installed on one side of the lamp. When the fan is running, the air is driven to be discharged from the air outlet. The lamp is provided with an environmental sensing module, which is connected to the controller. The environmental sensing module includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a light intensity sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor.

[0027] End covers are installed on both sides of the lamp, and the contact position between the end cover and the lamp is coated with waterproof silicone or embedded sealing gaskets. The end cover connected to the shell is provided with a drainage hole in the area corresponding to the air outlet cavity, and the shell is provided with a water outlet hole.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0029] 1. Targeted solution to gas diffusion problem

[0030] Through the vertical upward air supply design, the stagnant air at the bottom of the plant canopy is directly driven to form a directional airflow from bottom to top, so that CO2 is evenly distributed on the back area of ​​the leaves with dense stomata.

[0031] 2. Improve resource utilization efficiency

[0032] Integrate supplementary lighting and ventilation functions, using the same device to simultaneously optimize light supply and gas exchange, reduce equipment redundancy and lower energy consumption.

[0033] 3. Dynamic environment adaptability

[0034] A temperature and humidity feedback control mechanism is introduced to adjust the wind speed in real time according to the canopy microenvironment, maintaining an appropriate airflow speed range of 0.5-1m / s to avoid leaf dehydration caused by excessive ventilation.

[0035] 4. Crop physiological adaptability

[0036] Based on the stomatal distribution characteristics of dicotyledons, the CO2 absorption efficiency is improved through the coordinated design of airflow direction and leaf space arrangement.

[0037] 5. Disease suppression efficacy

[0038] The directional airflow formed by vertical air supply can accelerate the replacement of moist air at the bottom, reduce the relative humidity at the bottom of the canopy, avoid high humidity in the bottom canopy microenvironment, thereby destroying the conditions for the attachment and germination of pathogenic bacteria spores and reducing the occurrence of diseases.

[0039] 6. Light distribution optimization performance:

[0040] The blade disturbance effect caused by vertical airflow can cause the blade gap to change dynamically, increasing the light exposure time of the bottom blades and reducing the impact of blade shading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention when viewed from above;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention from another perspective;

[0044] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of point A;

[0045] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lamp in the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the vertical air supply module area in the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 8 This is a partial exploded schematic diagram of the fan assembly area of ​​the present invention.

[0049] Reference numerals:

[0050] Lamp 1, light-emitting component 2, end cover 3, output terminal 4, fan 5, air outlet 6, input terminal 7, shell 8, fan bracket 9, fan cover 10, vent 11, partition 12, air outlet cavity 13, heat dissipation cavity 14, heat dissipation air outlet 15, breathing valve 16, drain hole 17, water outlet 18. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0052] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like are used to indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, removable connections, or integral connections. They may refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections. They may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary, and they may refer to internal communication between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] like Figure 7 As shown, a light-wind synergistic plant canopy environment optimization method includes the following steps:

[0056] Set environmental benchmark values, including temperature benchmark value, humidity benchmark value, carbon dioxide benchmark value, and light intensity benchmark value;

[0057] Build a dynamic control mechanism with conventional strategies, optimization strategies and emergency strategies;

[0058] When started, the lamps provide basic light intensity to the plant canopy, and the fans provide basic air supply speed. Air blows vertically upward from the bottom of the plant canopy to form a vertical upward directional laminar flow, which penetrates the plant canopy from bottom to top.

[0059] The current environmental parameters at the bottom of the plant canopy are collected in real time through sensors and sent to the control end. The current environmental parameters include current temperature, current humidity, current carbon dioxide concentration, and current light intensity;

[0060] According to the collected current environmental parameters, they are compared with the environmental benchmark values. If the current environmental parameters are within the allowable difference range between the environmental benchmark values, the conventional strategy is executed to maintain the basic light intensity and basic air supply speed; if the current environmental parameters are outside the allowable range between the environmental benchmark values, the optimization strategy is executed to increase or decrease the light intensity and air supply speed; after executing the optimization strategy for a set time, if it is detected that the new environmental parameters are still outside the allowable range between the environmental benchmark values, the emergency strategy is executed and manual intervention is made to adjust.

[0061] The temperature reference value includes a temperature reference upper limit value and a temperature reference lower limit value. If the current temperature parameter is greater than the temperature reference upper limit value, the air supply speed of the fan is limited to ≤0.8m / s; if the current temperature parameter is less than the temperature reference lower limit value, the lamp is operated at a set low power to generate radiant heat, so that the temperature at the bottom of the plant canopy is maintained above the temperature reference lower limit value. Especially when the temperature is low at night, the lamp needs to be operated at low power.

[0062] If the current humidity parameter exceeds the humidity reference value for a duration of T1, the fan speed is increased to 1m / s-1.2m / s. At the same time, blue light illumination is turned on, so that the proportion of blue light in the lighting environment provided by the lamp is 35-40%. This uses the photothermal effect to reduce the humidity on the blade surface. The fan air supply mode is set to a pulsed air supply mode that alternates between strong and weak airflow, with the strong airflow speed being greater than the weak airflow speed.

[0063] The light intensity reference value has a light intensity reference upper limit value and a light intensity reference lower limit value. If the current light intensity is less than the light intensity reference lower limit value and the duration is T2, the luminous power of the lamp is increased at a rate gradient of 3-5% / min, and the wind speed disturbance is increased at the same time so that the air supply speed of the fan fluctuates at ±0.2m / s at the current speed; if the current light intensity is greater than the light intensity reference upper limit value, the air supply speed of the fan is maintained at 0.8-1m / s.

[0064] At night, between 18:00 and 06:00, the lamps only emit ultraviolet light. The fan's air speed is reduced to 0.4-0.6 m / s. However, if the current humidity is >70%, the intermittent high-wind mode is activated, with the fan providing air at a speed of 0.8-1 m / s for 5 minutes every 30 minutes. This maintains the plant canopy temperature at 20-24°C.

[0065] When the humidity at the bottom of the plant canopy is >75% and the temperature is >25°C for 2-2.5 consecutive hours, the UV antibacterial mode is activated, the lamp emits UV light, and the fan's air supply speed is maintained at 1-1.2m / s; from 04:00 to 05:00 every day, a preventive drying cycle is executed, and the air supply speed is increased to 1.2-1.5m / s to replace the moist air trapped at the bottom of the plant canopy.

[0066] The self-test program is usually started at dawn every day. After the calibration of each sensor is completed, the preset parameter template is loaded, the fill light is gradually preheated to the target spectrum, and the fan maintains the basic wind speed.

[0067] By adjusting light intensity and air supply, the canopy environment is optimized, especially by using vertical air supply to achieve effective penetration. The coordinated control of light and wind ensures optimal stomatal aperture while preventing leaf dehydration.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] like Figure 1-6As shown, a fill light for assisting plant growth includes a lamp 1, a light-emitting component 2 is provided on the lamp 1, input terminals 3 and output terminals 7 are provided at both ends of the lamp 1, a vertical air supply module is provided on the side of the lamp 1, and the vertical air supply module supplies air in the vertical direction of the lamp to form a vertical upward laminar flow, a controller is provided in the lamp, and the vertical air supply module and the light-emitting component are both connected to the controller.

[0070] The vertical air supply module includes a fan 5 and an air outlet 6. The air outlet 6 is located on the top surface of the lamp 1, and the fan 5 is mounted on one side of the lamp 1. When the fan 5 is running, air is discharged from the air outlet 6. It is connected to an external power source and other components via input terminals 3 and output terminals 4. The light-emitting assembly includes light of various colors and wavelengths, such as white light and ultraviolet light, which can be used for antibacterial treatment. The fan can be an axial flow type.

[0071] The vertical air supply module, an airflow generator mounted on the side of a lamp, can be implemented using an axial fan with a guide structure. The airflow direction is controlled by adjusting the blade angle and speed. Laminar flow refers to the uniform upward movement of air in parallel. The controller is a circuit module with signal processing capabilities, specifically a microprocessor, with flexible model options. The input and output terminals are the power and signal transmission interfaces, and waterproof connectors can be used to power multiple lamps in series.

[0072] The airflow generated by the vertical air supply module rises vertically along the surface of the luminaire, forming a directional flow as it penetrates the crop canopy. The laminar flow allows the airflow to penetrate deep into the gaps between the blades, directly affecting the stomata distribution area. The controller receives environmental data and synchronously adjusts the fan speed and supplemental lighting intensity. When excessive humidity is detected at the bottom of the canopy, the controller increases the air supply to accelerate evaporation. During periods of insufficient light, the output of the light-emitting components is increased and the airflow is used to dissipate heat. The terminal design at both ends of the luminaire supports multi-device cascading, simplifying the wiring structure of the plant factory.

[0073] The vertical laminar flow design directs airflow to the base of the canopy along the direction of plant growth, improving CO2 distribution uniformity across the stomata. An integrated controller replaces independent environmental control systems, eliminating control delays associated with multiple devices working together. The physical integration of supplemental lighting and ventilation reduces the equipment footprint, making it particularly suitable for high-density planting scenarios.

[0074] Through the above technical solution, this application can improve the ventilation efficiency of the microenvironment at the base of the canopy and reduce the probability of condensation on the leaf surface. Vertical laminar flow promotes the transport of CO2 to areas with dense stomata, improving gas utilization efficiency. The coordinated work of supplemental lighting and ventilation effectively alleviates the problem of uneven lighting caused by leaf self-shading.

[0075] When the fan is activated, air is drawn in and delivered through the luminaire's internal channels to the outlet. Because the outlet is located on the luminaire's top surface, the airflow is constrained to flow vertically upward, creating laminar flow. This directional airflow pattern allows the airflow to penetrate the base of the plant canopy and directly impact the stomata on the underside of the leaves. The fan's placement on the side of the luminaire avoids spatial interference with the fill light's light-emitting components, while creating a continuous airflow coverage area.

[0076] End caps 3 are installed on both sides of the lamp 1. The contact position between the end caps 3 and the lamp 1 is coated with waterproof silicone or embedded sealing gaskets to ensure sufficient waterproof sealing. The end caps can be implemented by injection-molded plastic parts or metal parts to protect the internal components of the lamp and form a complete shell. Waterproof silicone refers to a sealing material that is elastic and weather-resistant. Specifically, it can be implemented by room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber. A continuous sealing layer is formed by coating it on the contact surface between the end cap and the lamp. A sealing gasket refers to a prefabricated annular sealing element. Specifically, it can be implemented by rubber or foam material. It is pressed and embedded between the end cap and the contact surface of the lamp to form a physical isolation.

[0077] The fan 5 is installed with the end cover 3 through the fan bracket 9. The outer periphery of the fan 5 is covered with a shell 8. The bottom of the shell 8 is provided with an air inlet corresponding to the fan. The shell 8 is connected to the end cover 3. A fan cover 10 can be provided on the bottom of the shell 8 to facilitate the maintenance of the fan. In this embodiment, the fan 5 is installed on one side of the output terminal 4. The end cover connected to the fan 5 is provided with a vent 11. The air outlet end of the fan 5 is connected to the vent 11. The wind generated by the fan operation enters the lamp 1 through the vent 11 and is discharged from the air outlet 6. The wind is discharged vertically from the air outlet to form a laminar flow vertically upward. The shell contains the fan and plays a protective role, while the air inlet at the bottom ensures that the external air is effectively inhaled. The wrapping structure of the shell can prevent foreign matter from entering the fan, while guiding the airflow to flow in a concentrated manner to avoid efficiency loss caused by airflow dispersion.

[0078] In addition, the lamp 1 is provided with a partition 12, which divides the interior space of the lamp 1 into a mutually independent air outlet chamber 13 and heat dissipation chamber 14. The end cap 3 is provided with a heat dissipation vent 15, and a breathing valve 16 is provided in the area of ​​the lamp 1 corresponding to the heat dissipation chamber. The air outlet pair 5 should be located in the area of ​​the air outlet chamber 13. Through the mutually independent cavities, there is no mutual interference, which allows the airflow to form a stable flow path within the lamp, reducing airflow diffusion losses and preventing unguided external air from directly impacting the plant canopy.

[0079] The partition 12 is arranged along the length direction of the lamp 1, and the air outlets 5 are arranged in a row along the length direction of the lamp 1 and are evenly distributed.

[0080] The breathing valve 16 is a one-way ventilation device installed in the heat dissipation cavity area. It can be implemented by a rubber diaphragm or a spring-loaded valve structure. Its function is to balance the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the lamp and prevent moisture from accumulating in the heat dissipation cavity. Opening the breathing valve allows heat dissipation.

[0081] In addition, under normal circumstances, it is sufficient to set up a vertical air supply module on one side of the lamp. If this cannot meet the air supply requirements, a vertical air supply module can be set up on both sides of the lamp.

[0082] In addition, reference Figure 8 As shown, a drainage hole 17 is provided on the end cap connected to the shell 8 in the area corresponding to the air outlet cavity 13, and a water outlet hole 18 is provided on the shell 8. During use, since the air outlet 6 of the lamp is upward, rainwater dripping from the plants may enter the air outlet cavity 13 in the shell 1 through the air outlet 6. Once rainwater enters the air outlet cavity 13, if it cannot be discharged in time, excessive accumulation will affect the normal use of the lamp. Utilizing the provided drainage hole 17 and water outlet hole 18, rainwater in the air outlet cavity 13 flows out of the drainage hole 17 into the shell 8, and then is discharged from the water outlet hole 18 at the bottom of the shell 8, avoiding the problem of rainwater remaining inside the lamp.

[0083] Example 3

[0084] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the lamp 1 is equipped with an environmental sensing module, which is connected to the controller. The environmental sensing module includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a light intensity sensor, and a carbon dioxide sensor. These sensors can collect different data in real time, such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, and carbon dioxide concentration. The location of the environmental sensing module is not limited. In addition to being installed on the lamp, it can also be installed on the fan bracket or the housing.

[0085] Among them, the temperature and humidity sensor refers to a device used to detect ambient temperature and relative humidity. Specifically, it can be implemented using a digital sensor, which provides the controller with a basis for adjusting the wind speed of the vertical air supply module by collecting data in real time.

[0086] The light intensity sensor refers to a device used to measure the light conditions at the bottom of the canopy. It can be implemented using a photodiode array, which controls the fill light intensity distribution of the light-emitting component through feedback signals.

[0087] A carbon dioxide sensor refers to a device that detects the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air. Specifically, it can be implemented using a non-dispersive infrared sensor or an electrochemical sensor. The operating parameters of the gas delivery module are optimized by monitoring the data.

[0088] Specifically, the temperature and humidity sensors are placed near the bottom of the plant canopy in the lamp to capture microenvironmental data on the back of the leaves. When the humidity is detected to exceed the set threshold, the controller will activate the vertical air supply module to increase the laminar wind speed, thereby accelerating the diffusion of water vapor. The light intensity sensor periodically scans the light-receiving area of ​​the leaves and dynamically adjusts the local fill light intensity of the light-emitting component to alleviate the uneven lighting caused by leaf self-shading. The carbon dioxide sensor is integrated near the air outlet of the lamp to monitor the gas concentration in the airflow in real time. When an abnormal concentration gradient is detected, the controller can link the gas delivery system to adjust the air supply rate to ensure effective absorption in areas with dense stomata.

[0089] The controller refers to an electronic module used to receive and process data collected by the environmental sensing module and control the operation of other components according to preset logic. It can be implemented using a microprocessor or embedded system. The controller dynamically adjusts the working status of the vertical air supply module and the light-emitting component by analyzing the environmental data.

[0090] Specifically, the environmental sensing module continuously collects environmental parameters surrounding the luminaire, such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, and carbon dioxide concentration. The controller receives this data, analyzes it according to a pre-set algorithm, and adjusts the wind speed of the vertical air supply module and the brightness of the light-emitting components accordingly. For example, if the humidity is too high, the controller can increase the operating power of the vertical air supply module to accelerate air flow; if the light intensity is insufficient, the controller can increase the output intensity of the light-emitting components. This closed-loop control system enables dynamic regulation of the microenvironment at the base of the canopy.

[0091] By integrating environmental sensing modules with controllers, active regulation based on real-time monitoring data is achieved, effectively resolving the issues of lack of dynamic response and delayed environmental intervention in traditional solutions. This system enables real-time monitoring and dynamic regulation of microenvironmental parameters at the base of the canopy, optimizing stomatal opening and closing efficiency and CO2 absorption. Actively intervening in humidity levels reduces the risk of leaf disease, and improves the collaborative efficiency of the lighting and ventilation systems, avoiding energy waste.

[0092] Through the settings of various sensors and the control of the controller over the fan, it is possible to accurately identify high-humidity areas at the bottom of the canopy and trigger directional ventilation, reducing the risk of leaf diseases; by dynamically compensating for the light intensity in areas blocked by leaves, the efficiency of photosynthesis is improved; and at the same time, the gas transport path is optimized based on real-time carbon dioxide concentration, reducing gas waste and increasing the stomatal absorption rate of dicotyledonous crops.

[0093] The specific working principle of the present invention is:

[0094] 1. Gas Diffusion Model

[0095] The fan generates vertical upward laminar flow, pushing the CO2-rich air at the bottom to penetrate the canopy, forming an "air cushion effect", reducing the thickness of the blade boundary layer, and accelerating the diffusion of gas molecules to the pores.

[0096] 2. Dynamic Control Logic

[0097] When the temperature and humidity sensor detects that the relative humidity is higher than 85%, the controller controls the fan to increase the wind speed to a threshold of 1m / s. When the temperature exceeds 28℃, the maximum wind speed is limited to no more than 0.8m / s.

[0098] 3. Solar-wind synergy strategy

[0099] When the light intensity exceeds 300 μmol / m 2 / s, the high-speed mode (wind speed 0.8-1m / s) is automatically started to match the gas demand during the peak period of photosynthesis.

[0100] 4. Disease prevention model

[0101] When the temperature and humidity probe detects that the relative humidity RH at the bottom of the canopy reaches or exceeds 85% and lasts for 10 minutes, the control module will trigger the following linkage strategy: increase the fan speed to 2000rpm (corresponding to a wind speed of 1.2m / s) to force the exhaust of humid air. 2 / s, the synchronous light emitting component operates at the lowest power (PPFD 50μmol / m 2 / s), using the photothermal effect to help reduce the humidity on the leaf surface.

[0102] Workflow:

[0103] Based on the above working principle, the entire workflow dynamically controls the light, temperature, and humidity environment based on the day-night cycle. A self-test program is initiated at dawn each day. After calibration, each sensor loads the preset parameter template. The fill light gradually warms up to the target spectrum, and the fan maintains the base circulation wind speed. During the daytime operation phase, a tiered control strategy is implemented by real-time monitoring of the PPFD, temperature, humidity, and CO2 concentration gradient at the bottom of the canopy: when the light intensity is below 200 μmol / m 2 / s automatically increases LED power and optimizes light quality. It also dynamically adjusts air supply intensity based on vertical wind speed gradient detection, maintaining a directional airflow of 0.8-1.2 m / s through the canopy. If relative humidity exceeds the limit, temperature is abnormal, or CO2 concentration is insufficient, the light-wind synergistic adjustment program is immediately activated. By adjusting light intensity and linking wind speed with phase control, it optimizes stomatal aperture and prevents leaf dehydration. In the evening, during the disease prevention and control period, active intervention is implemented using a strong wind of 1.2 m / s combined with an antibacterial spectrum. At night, the system switches to microcirculation mode to maintain basic environmental parameters. The entire operating cycle utilizes a fuzzy control algorithm to achieve device coordination, with wind speed regulation and supplemental light intensity establishing a nonlinear coupling relationship. Each trigger condition can be programmed, and the controller itself includes built-in settings. Operators simply need to access the relevant interface and enter the relevant data.

[0104] Taking the cultivation of industrial hemp in a plant factory as an example, the daily operation cycle is divided into two stages: day and night:

[0105] During the day (06:00-18:00), the focus is on light-wind synergy. In the initial stage, the parameter template is loaded according to the preset growth cycle (vegetative period or flowering period):

[0106] Vegetative period: Maintain wind speed of 0.8-1.0m / s, and dynamically adjust the light intensity at the bottom of the canopy to 200-300μmol / m through LED supplementary lighting. 2 / s (PPFD), red light (660nm) accounts for 60% to promote stem and leaf growth; the temperature is controlled at 23-26°C, and the relative humidity is 60-70%.

[0107] Flowering period: Increase wind speed to 1.0-1.2m / s to enhance pollen dispersion, and increase light intensity to 250-350μmol / m 2 / s, the red light ratio was reduced to 50% and far-red light (730nm) was added to induce flowering; the temperature was raised to 26-29℃ and the humidity was reduced to 55-65%.

[0108] The dynamic control mechanism is triggered by real-time feedback from environmental sensors:

[0109] 1. Temperature control: When the temperature at the top of the canopy exceeds 28°C, the breathing valve is activated to dissipate heat and limit the wind speed to ≤0.8m / s; when the temperature at night is below 20°C, the LED is activated at low power (10%) to generate radiant heat to maintain the bottom temperature ≥18°C.

[0110] 2. Humidity control: When the humidity at the bottom of the canopy is greater than 75%, the wind speed is increased to 1.2m / s and the pulse air supply mode is started (alternating between 1s strong wind and 3s weak wind). The proportion of blue light is increased to 40% at the same time, and the photothermal effect is used to reduce the humidity on the leaf surface by 5-8%.

[0111] 3. Light compensation strategy: When the PPFD at the bottom of the canopy is less than 200 μmol / m 2 / s for 10 minutes, the LED power is increased at a gradient of 5% / min, and the wind speed disturbance is increased (±0.2m / s fluctuation) to improve the transmittance through the blade swing.

[0112] At night (18:00-06:00), the focus is on environmental maintenance:

[0113] Turn off the supplementary lighting system and retain the ultraviolet band to inhibit pathogens;

[0114] The wind speed is reduced to 0.5m / s to maintain microcirculation, but when the humidity is greater than 70%, intermittent strong wind is started (0.8m / s, running for 5 minutes every 30 minutes);

[0115] The temperature is maintained at 20-24℃ to ensure normal respiration at night.

[0116] The disease control module is activated under certain conditions:

[0117] When the humidity at the bottom of the canopy is >75% and the temperature is >25°C for 2 consecutive hours, the UV antibacterial mode (50 μmol / m 2 / s) combined with a 1.2m / s vertical strong wind to reduce the concentration of gray mold spores as much as possible.

[0118] A preventive drying cycle is implemented from 04:00 to 05:00 daily, with wind speed increased stepwise to 1.5m / s.

[0119] (Overrun for 5 minutes) to forcefully replace the moist air trapped at the bottom of the canopy.

[0120] Through the above regulation, the microenvironment at the bottom of the plant canopy can be optimized, with a wind speed of 0.8-1.2m / s and PPFD ≥ 200μmol / m 2 / s, temperature and humidity are in the target range, relative humidity is 55-75%, temperature is 23-29℃ during the day and 20-24℃ at night, while reducing the incidence of diseases to meet the high-quality production needs of industrial hemp.

[0121] It should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A light-wind synergistic plant canopy environment optimization method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Set environmental benchmark values, including temperature benchmark value, humidity benchmark value, carbon dioxide benchmark value, and light intensity benchmark value; Build a dynamic control mechanism with conventional strategies, optimization strategies and emergency strategies; When started, the lamps provide basic light intensity to the plant canopy, and the fans provide basic air supply speed. Air blows vertically upward from the bottom of the plant canopy to form a vertical upward directional laminar flow that penetrates the plant canopy. The current environmental parameters at the bottom of the plant canopy are collected in real time through sensors and sent to the control end. The current environmental parameters include current temperature, current humidity, current carbon dioxide concentration, and current light intensity; According to the collected current environmental parameters, they are compared with the environmental benchmark values. If the current environmental parameters are within the allowable difference range between the environmental benchmark values, the conventional strategy is executed to maintain the basic light intensity and basic air supply speed; if the current environmental parameters are outside the allowable range between the environmental benchmark values, the optimization strategy is executed to increase or decrease the light intensity and air supply speed; after executing the optimization strategy for a set time, if it is detected that the new environmental parameters are still outside the allowable range between the environmental benchmark values, the emergency strategy is executed and manual intervention is made to adjust.

2. The light-wind synergistic plant canopy environment optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature reference value includes a temperature reference upper limit value and a temperature reference lower limit value. If the current temperature parameter is greater than the temperature reference upper limit value, the air supply speed of the fan is limited to ≤0.8m / s; If the current temperature parameter is less than the lower limit of the temperature reference, the lamp is operated at the set low power to generate radiant heat, so that the temperature at the bottom of the plant canopy is maintained above the lower limit of the temperature reference.

3. The light-wind synergistic plant canopy environment optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the current humidity parameter is greater than the humidity reference value and lasts for T1, the fan speed is increased to 1m / s-1.2m / s, and blue light irradiation is turned on at the same time, so that the proportion of blue light in the lighting environment provided by the lamp is 35-40%.

4. The light-wind synergistic plant canopy environment optimization method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fan's air supply mode is set to a pulse air supply mode that alternates between strong and weak air. The air supply speed of the strong air is greater than that of the weak air.

5. The light-wind synergistic plant canopy environment optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light intensity reference value has a light intensity reference upper limit value and a light intensity reference lower limit value. If the current light intensity is less than the light intensity reference lower limit value and the duration is T2, the luminous power of the lamp is increased at a rate gradient of 3-5% / min, and the wind speed disturbance is increased at the same time so that the air supply speed of the fan fluctuates at ±0.2m / s at the current speed; if the current light intensity is greater than the light intensity reference upper limit value, the air supply speed of the fan is maintained at 0.8-1m / s.

6. The light-wind synergistic plant canopy environment optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: At night, between 18:00 and 06:00, the lamps only emit ultraviolet light. The fan's air speed is reduced to 0.4-0.6 m / s. However, if the current humidity is >70%, the intermittent high-wind mode is activated, with the fan providing air at a speed of 0.8-1 m / s for 5 minutes every 30 minutes. This maintains the plant canopy temperature at 20-24°C.

7. The light-wind synergistic plant canopy environment optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the humidity at the bottom of the plant canopy is >75% and the temperature is >25°C for 2-2.5 consecutive hours, the UV antibacterial mode is activated, the lamp emits UV light, and the fan air supply speed is maintained at 1-1.2m / s; During the period of 04:00-05:00 every day, a preventive drying cycle is implemented, and the air supply speed is increased to 1.2-1.5m / s to replace the moist air trapped at the bottom of the plant canopy.

8. A fill light using the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a lamp, which is provided with a light-emitting component, input terminals and output terminals are provided at both ends of the lamp, a vertical air supply module is provided on the side of the lamp, and the vertical air supply module supplies air in the vertical direction of the lamp to form a vertical upward laminar flow, a controller is provided in the lamp, the vertical air supply module and the light-emitting component are both connected to the controller, a partition is provided in the lamp, the partition divides the internal space of the lamp into an independent air outlet cavity and a heat dissipation cavity, a heat dissipation vent is provided on the end cover, a breathing valve is provided in the area of ​​the lamp corresponding to the heat dissipation cavity, and the air outlet is corresponding to the area of ​​the air outlet cavity.

9. The fill light according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vertical air supply module includes a fan and an air outlet. The air outlet is arranged on the upper surface of the lamp, and the fan is installed on one side of the lamp. When the fan is running, the air is driven to be discharged from the air outlet. The lamp is provided with an environmental sensing module, which is connected to the controller. The environmental sensing module includes a temperature and humidity sensor, a light intensity sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor.

10. The supplementary light for assisting plant growth according to claim 9, characterized in that: End covers are installed on both sides of the lamp, and the contact position between the end cover and the lamp is coated with waterproof silicone or embedded sealing gaskets. The end cover connected to the shell is provided with a drainage hole in the area corresponding to the air outlet cavity, and the shell is provided with a water outlet hole.

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