Color-improving high-fat compound feed for fancy carp and preparation method of color-improving high-fat compound feed

Abstract

The invention discloses color-improving high-fat compound feed for fancy carps and a preparation method of the color-improving high-fat compound feed, and belongs to the technical field of feed. The method is used for solving the technical problem that in the prior art, crude protein and pigment compositions in the color-increasing high-fat compound feed for the fancy carp are easily influenced by factors such as light, heat and pH. The color-improving high-fat compound feed for the fancy carp comprises a crude protein powder mixture, a grease expanding agent, a pigment compound, monocalcium phosphate, an antioxidant, choline, vitamin A and vitamin K. Mixing the spirulina, the astacin, the green algae and the xanthophyll to obtain a mixture; coating the mixture with an organic monomer butyl cyanoacrylate to prepare a pigment compound; the peony seed oil and the olive oil are used as wall materials to coat mixed core material powder composed of the fish meal, the soybean meal, the shrimp meal and the peanut meal, and the grease expanding agent is prepared. The prepared color-enhancing high-fat compound feed for the fancy carp has the effects of enhancing color enhancement, avoiding fat deposition of the fancy carp and balancing and enriching various nutrient elements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of feed, and in particular to a koi color-enhancing high-fat compound feed and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Koi Color Yang High-Fat Formula Feed is a feed specifically designed for koi, designed to promote vibrant coloration and healthy growth. Key features of this Koi Color Yang High-Fat Formula Feed include: 1. High fat content, optimized for fat ratio, achieving energy efficiency by replacing protein with fat, reducing feed costs; 2. Enhanced color development. Natural pigments such as spirulina and astaxanthin are added to thicken the red disc and enhance the red color; 3. Functional additives are added to help regulate fat deposition in koi, preventing problems such as increased abdominal fat and abnormal body shape caused by high-fat diets.

[0003] Patent application CN119563802A discloses a high-fat formula feed for koi carp coloring and its preparation method. The use of crude protein, such as fish meal, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, and peanut meal, can reduce production costs; while pigments, such as capsanthin, green algae, and lutein, can enhance koi coloring. However, crude protein and pigments are susceptible to environmental factors such as light, heat, and pH, which can reduce the activity and efficacy of the prepared formula feed.

[0004] In view of the technical defects in this aspect, a solution is now proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a color-enhancing high-fat compound feed for koi and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem that crude protein and pigment compositions in the color-enhancing high-fat compound feed for koi in the prior art are easily affected by factors such as light, heat and pH.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for preparing a high-fat formula feed for koi carp color enhancement comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Blending, by weight, 100 parts of a crude protein powder mixture, 30-50 parts of a fat expander, 3-5 parts of a pigment complex, 2-3 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-3 parts of an antioxidant, 3-6 parts of choline, 3-5 parts of vitamin A, and 1-3 parts of vitamin K to obtain a compound feed;

[0009] S2. Add the compound feed into deionized water and mix thoroughly to obtain raw materials; add the raw materials into an extruder and granulate to obtain granular feed; dry the granular feed to prepare the Koi Color Yang high-fat compound feed.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S1, the method for preparing the oil swelling agent comprises the following steps:

[0011] A1, peony seed oil and olive oil are mixed to obtain a mixed oil; fish meal, soybean meal, shrimp meal and peanut meal are mixed to obtain a mixed core material powder;

[0012] A2. Select a Wurster device with a side-spray fluidized bed; add the mixed oil to the fluidized bed, which generates air to suspend the mixed oil; spray the mixed core material powder through a spray tube and be coated with the mixed oil to prepare a oil expander.

[0013] Furthermore, in step A1, the mass ratio of peony seed oil to olive oil is 1:1, and the mass ratio of fish meal, soybean meal, shrimp meal and peanut meal is 1:1:1-2:1; in step A2, the mass ratio of mixed oil and mixed core material powder is 2-3:1.

[0014] Furthermore, the preparation method of the pigment complex comprises the following steps:

[0015] B1, spirulina, astaxanthin, green algae and lutein are blended to obtain a pigment mixture; the pigment mixture is added to deionized water and stirred until the pigment mixture is completely dissolved to obtain a core material; the core material, chloroform and cyclohexane are blended to form an organic matter;

[0016] B2. Add an emulsifier to the organic matter, stir at high speed, then add a cyanoacrylate monomer, react at 25-35° C., and then filter to remove chloroform and cyclohexane to obtain microcapsules; wash the microcapsules with deionized water to prepare a pigment complex.

[0017] Furthermore, in step B1, the mass ratio of spirulina, astaxanthin, green algae and lutein is 1:2-3:1:2-3, the mass ratio of the pigment mixture and deionized water is 1:30-50; and the mass ratio of the core material, chloroform and cyclohexane is 1:1:3-4.

[0018] Furthermore, in step B2, the ratio of the organic matter, emulsifier and cyanoacrylate monomer is 10 mL: 0.1-0.2 g: 5-10 mL; the speed of high-speed stirring is 1000-2000 r / min, and the duration of high-speed stirring is 5-10 min.

[0019] Furthermore, the crude protein powder mixture is obtained by blending fish meal, shrimp meal, corn gluten meal and peanut meal in a mass ratio of 1:1-2:1-2:1; the diameter of the extruder is 2-3 mm, and the drying temperature is 50-55° C.

[0020] As another aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a color-enhancing high-fat compound feed for koi is provided, and the color-enhancing high-fat compound feed for koi is prepared.

[0021] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The high-fat formula feed for koi carp coloring prepared in the present invention includes a pigment complex, a fat expander, a crude protein powder mixture, calcium dihydrogen phosphate to provide trace elements of phosphorus and calcium, choline to promote fat metabolism, and vitamins. Spirulina, astaxanthin, green algae, and lutein are blended to form a pigment mixture. Butyl cyanoacrylate is used as a monomer to coat this mixture to produce the pigment complex. Pigments are susceptible to self-deactivation under the influence of external environments such as light, heat, and pH; coating with an organic monomer can improve the stability of the pigment mixture.

[0023] 2. The present invention uses peony seed oil and olive oil as wall materials, and then coats a mixed core material powder composed of fish meal, soybean meal, shrimp meal and peanut meal (the crude protein used by koi includes fish meal, shrimp meal, corn protein meal and peanut meal). Peony seed oil is a by-product after peony seeds are squeezed, and has multiple biological functions such as lowering blood sugar, lowering blood lipids, and regulating intestinal flora; olive oil itself can be used as a functional additive to provide essential fatty acids. The mixed oil is coated with the above-mentioned crude protein composition to avoid oxidative inactivation of the crude protein powder composition during granulation and drying and solidification; in addition, the oil wall material can improve its own taste. The feed formula of the present invention contains various nutrients, which has the effects of enhancing color, avoiding fat deposition of koi, and balancing and enriching various nutrients. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The peony seed oil used in Examples 1-3 of the present invention was purchased from Heze Zhonghe Jianquan Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the olive oil used in Examples 1-3 of the present invention was purchased from Jiangxi Xuesong Natural Medicinal Oil Co., Ltd.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a fat expander for koi color-enhancing high-fat compound feed, comprising the following steps:

[0028] A1, peony seed oil, and olive oil are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixed oil; the mixed oil is used as a molten wall material. Fish meal, soybean meal, shrimp meal, and peanut meal are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1 to obtain a mixed core material powder.

[0029] A2. Select a Wurster device with a side-spray fluidized bed. The main components of the Wurster device include an upright column, an air fluidized bed, and a spray tube. The column consists of a film-forming section and a settling section, and its diameter gradually increases from bottom to top. The oil mixture is added to the fluidized bed, which generates air, suspending the oil mixture and blowing it to the top of the column. The mixed core material powder is then sprayed through the spray tube, coating the mixed core material powder with the oil mixture to produce an oil expansion agent. The mass ratio of the oil mixture to the mixed core material powder is 2:1.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a fat expander for koi color-enhancing high-fat compound feed, comprising the following steps:

[0032] A1, peony seed oil, and olive oil are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixed oil; the mixed oil is used as a molten wall material. Fish meal, soybean meal, shrimp meal, and peanut meal are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1 to obtain a mixed core material powder.

[0033] A2. Select a Wurster device with a side-spray fluidized bed. The main components of the Wurster device include an upright column, an air fluidized bed, and a spray tube. The column consists of a film-forming section and a settling section, and its diameter gradually increases from bottom to top. The oil mixture is added to the fluidized bed, which generates air, suspending the oil mixture and blowing it to the top of the column. The mixed core material powder is then sprayed through the spray tube, coating the mixed core material powder with the mixed oil mixture to produce an oil expansion agent. The mass ratio of the mixed oil to the mixed core material powder is 3:1.

[0034] Example 3

[0035] A1, peony seed oil, and olive oil are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1 to obtain a mixed oil; the mixed oil is used as a molten wall material. Fish meal, soybean meal, shrimp meal, and peanut meal are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:2:1 to obtain a mixed core material powder.

[0036] A2. Select a Wurster device with a side-spray fluidized bed. The main components of the Wurster device include an upright column, an air fluidized bed, and a spray tube. The column consists of a film-forming section and a settling section, and its diameter gradually increases from bottom to top. The oil mixture is added to the fluidized bed, which generates air, suspending the oil mixture and blowing it to the top of the column. The mixed core material powder is then sprayed through the spray tube, coating the mixed core material powder with the oil mixture to produce an oil expansion agent. The mass ratio of the oil mixture to the mixed core material powder is 3:1.

[0037] Example 4

[0038] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a pigment complex for koi carp color-enhancing high-fat compound feed, comprising the following steps:

[0039] B1, spirulina, astaxanthin, green algae, and lutein were blended in a mass ratio of 1:2:1:2 to obtain a pigment mixture. The pigment mixture was blended with deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:30 and stirred at 50°C until completely dissolved to obtain a core material. The core material was blended with chloroform and cyclohexane in a mass ratio of 1:1:3 to form an organic material.

[0040] B2. Add 0.1 g of emulsifier sorbitan trioleate to 10 mL of organic matter, stir at a high speed of 1000 r / min for 5 minutes, then add 5 mL of butyl cyanoacrylate monomer, react at 25°C for 2 hours, and then filter to remove chloroform and cyclohexane to obtain microcapsules; the microcapsules are washed with deionized water to finally prepare a pigment complex.

[0041] Example 5

[0042] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a pigment complex for koi carp color-enhancing high-fat compound feed, comprising the following steps:

[0043] B1, spirulina, astaxanthin, green algae, and lutein were blended in a mass ratio of 1:3:1:2 to obtain a pigment mixture. The pigment mixture was blended with deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:40 and stirred at 55°C until completely dissolved to obtain a core material. The core material was blended with chloroform and cyclohexane in a mass ratio of 1:1:4 to form an organic material.

[0044] B2. Add 0.15 g of emulsifier sorbitan trioleate to 10 mL of organic matter, stir at a high speed of 1500 r / min for 6 minutes, then add 6 mL of butyl cyanoacrylate monomer, react at 30°C for 2.5 hours, and then filter to remove chloroform and cyclohexane to obtain microcapsules; the microcapsules are washed with deionized water to finally prepare a pigment complex.

[0045] Example 6

[0046] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a pigment complex for koi carp color-enhancing high-fat compound feed, comprising the following steps:

[0047] B1, spirulina, astaxanthin, green algae, and lutein were blended in a mass ratio of 1:3:1:3 to obtain a pigment mixture. The pigment mixture was blended with deionized water in a mass ratio of 1:50 and stirred at 60°C until completely dissolved to obtain a core material. The core material was blended with chloroform and cyclohexane in a mass ratio of 1:1:4 to form an organic material.

[0048] B2. Add 0.2 g of emulsifier sorbitan trioleate to 10 mL of organic matter, stir at a high speed of 2000 r / min for 10 minutes, then add 10 mL of butyl cyanoacrylate monomer, react at 35°C for 3 hours, and then filter to remove chloroform and cyclohexane to obtain microcapsules; the microcapsules are washed with deionized water to finally prepare a pigment complex.

[0049] Example 7

[0050] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a high-fat formula feed for koi carp, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1, fish meal, shrimp meal, corn gluten meal, and peanut meal were blended in a mass ratio of 1:1:1:1 to obtain a crude protein powder mixture. In parts by weight, 100 parts of the crude protein powder mixture, 30 parts of the oil expander prepared in Example 1, 3 parts of the pigment complex prepared in Example 4, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 2 parts of the antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole, 3 parts of choline, 3 parts of vitamin A, and 1 part of vitamin K were blended to obtain a compound feed.

[0052] S2. Add the compound feed to deionized water in a mass ratio of 100:30 and mix thoroughly to obtain a raw material. The raw material is pelletized in an extruder with a diameter of 3 mm to obtain a pelletized feed. The pelletized feed is dried in an oven at 50°C to a constant weight to prepare a high-fat compound feed for koi.

[0053] Example 8

[0054] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a high-fat formula feed for koi carp, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1, fish meal, shrimp meal, corn gluten meal, and peanut meal were blended in a mass ratio of 1:2:2:1 to obtain a crude protein powder mixture. 100 parts of the crude protein powder mixture, 40 parts of the oil expander prepared in Example 2, 4 parts of the pigment complex prepared in Example 5, 3 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 2 parts of the antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole, 5 parts of choline, 4 parts of vitamin A, and 3 parts of vitamin K were blended in parts by weight to obtain a compound feed.

[0056] S2. Add the compound feed to deionized water in a mass ratio of 100:40 and mix thoroughly to obtain a raw material. The raw material is pelletized in an extruder with a diameter of 3 mm to obtain a pelletized feed. The pelletized feed is dried in an oven at 52°C to a constant weight to prepare a high-fat compound feed for koi.

[0057] Example 9

[0058] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a high-fat formula feed for koi carp, comprising the following steps:

[0059] S1, fish meal, shrimp meal, corn gluten meal, and peanut meal were blended in a mass ratio of 1:2:2:1 to obtain a crude protein powder mixture. In parts by weight, 100 parts of the crude protein powder mixture, 50 parts of the oil expander prepared in Example 3, 5 parts of the pigment complex prepared in Example 6, 3 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 3 parts of the antioxidant butylated hydroxyanisole, 6 parts of choline, 5 parts of vitamin A, and 3 parts of vitamin K were blended to obtain a compound feed.

[0060] S2. Add the compound feed to deionized water in a mass ratio of 100:35 and mix thoroughly to obtain a raw material. The raw material is pelletized in an extruder with a diameter of 2 mm to obtain a pelletized feed. The pelletized feed is dried in an oven at 55°C to a constant weight to prepare a high-fat compound feed for koi.

[0061] Comparative Example 1

[0062] The difference between this comparative example and Example 9 is that step A2 is omitted, the mixed oil and the mixed core material powder are blended in a mass ratio of 2:1 to obtain a compound; and the compound of equal mass is used to replace the oil expander.

[0063] Comparative Example 2

[0064] The difference between this comparative example and Example 9 is that the preparation method of the pigment complex is different, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0065] Spirulina, astaxanthin, green algae and lutein are blended in a mass ratio of 1:2:1:2 to obtain a pigment complex.

[0066] Performance test: One-year-old red and white koi with an initial body weight of 30±0.5g were selected as experimental subjects. 10 red and white koi were selected for each group. Examples 7-9, Comparative Examples 1-3 and 7 blank control groups were set up in sequence. The blank control group was fed with commercially available koi basic feed (purchased from Zhongshan Wanao Pet Products Co., Ltd., Crazy Water Grass Koi Fish Feed). In a 500L breeding water bucket at a water temperature of 25°C, continuous oxygen was added for 24 hours, and 1 / 3 of the tap water was replaced every two days after being exposed to direct sunlight for more than 24 hours of continuous oxygen. The red and white koi of Examples 7-9, Comparative Examples 1-3 and the blank control group were fed at 500mg / kg; they were fed three times a day for one month.

[0067] 1. Use a colorimeter to record the colorimetric values ​​of the skin of all grouped fish, including the values ​​of skin brightness L*, head redness a*, and head yellowness b*.

[0068] 2. Record the weight gain of the koi in Examples 7-9 and Comparative Examples 1-3. See Table 1 below for the specific test results.

[0069] Table 1. Performance test data of samples

[0070]

[0071] Data Analysis: A comparative analysis of the data in Table 1 above shows that feeding the high-fat formula feeds prepared in Examples 7-9 to enhance the color of both red and white koi carp enhances their body color. This is demonstrated by significant increases in skin brightness, head redness, and head yellowness after feeding the formula feeds prepared in Examples 7-9. However, in Comparative Example 2, the pigment mixture was not coated with an organic monomer, which resulted in partial inactivation of the pigment mixture, resulting in decreased skin brightness, head redness, and head yellowness values ​​for the koi.

[0072] The high-fat, color-enhancing formula feeds for koi prepared in Examples 7-9 of the present invention all exhibited significant weight-gain efficiency. However, in Comparative Example 1, the mixed core material powder was not coated with a mixed oil, but was simply blended. This resulted in partial inactivation of the crude protein during pelleting and feeding, and the resulting formula feed compromised the weight-gain effect on koi.

[0073] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the claims, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0074] Throughout this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "example," or "specific example" indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of these terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0075] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present invention to specific embodiments. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible based on the contents of this specification. These embodiments are selected and described in detail in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-fat compound feed for koi carp, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Blending, by weight, 100 parts of a crude protein powder mixture, 30-50 parts of a fat expander, 3-5 parts of a pigment complex, 2-3 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2-3 parts of an antioxidant, 3-6 parts of choline, 3-5 parts of vitamin A, and 1-3 parts of vitamin K to obtain a compound feed; S2. Add the compound feed into deionized water and mix thoroughly to obtain raw materials; add the raw materials into an extruder and granulate to obtain granular feed; dry the granular feed to prepare the Koi Color Yang high-fat compound feed.

2. The method for preparing a high-fat formula feed for koi carp according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the method for preparing the oil swelling agent comprises the following steps: A1, peony seed oil and olive oil are mixed to obtain a mixed oil; fish meal, soybean meal, shrimp meal and peanut meal are mixed to obtain a mixed core material powder; A2. Select a Wurster device with a side-spray fluidized bed; add the mixed oil to the fluidized bed, which generates air to suspend the mixed oil; spray the mixed core material powder through a spray tube and be coated with the mixed oil to prepare a oil expander.

3. The method for preparing a high-fat formula feed for koi carp according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step A1, the mass ratio of peony seed oil to olive oil is 1:1, and the mass ratio of fish meal, soybean meal, shrimp meal and peanut meal is 1:1:1-2:1; in step A2, the mass ratio of mixed oil and mixed core material powder is 2-3:

1.

4. The method for preparing a high-fat formula feed for koi carp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the pigment complex comprises the following steps: B1, spirulina, astaxanthin, green algae and lutein are blended to obtain a pigment mixture; the pigment mixture is added to deionized water and stirred until the pigment mixture is completely dissolved to obtain a core material; the core material, chloroform and cyclohexane are blended to form an organic matter; B2. Add an emulsifier to the organic matter, stir at high speed, then add a cyanoacrylate monomer, react at 25-35° C., and then filter to remove chloroform and cyclohexane to obtain microcapsules; wash the microcapsules with deionized water to prepare a pigment complex.

5. The method for preparing a high-fat formula feed for koi carp according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step B1, the mass ratio of spirulina, astaxanthin, green algae and lutein is 1:2-3:1:2-3, the mass ratio of the pigment mixture and deionized water is 1:30-50; and the mass ratio of the core material, chloroform and cyclohexane is 1:1:3-4.

6. The method for preparing a high-fat formula feed for koi carp according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step B2, the ratio of the organic matter, emulsifier and cyanoacrylate monomer is 10 mL: 0.1-0.2 g: 5-10 mL; the high-speed stirring speed is 1000-2000 r / min, and the high-speed stirring time is 5-10 min.

7. The method for preparing a high-fat formula feed for koi carp according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crude protein powder mixture is obtained by blending fish meal, shrimp meal, corn gluten meal and peanut meal in a mass ratio of 1:1-2:1-2:1; the diameter of the extruder is 2-3 mm, and the drying temperature is 50-55° C.

8. A high-fat compound feed for koi carp, characterized in that: The koi color-enhancing high-fat compound feed is prepared by the method for preparing the koi color-enhancing high-fat compound feed according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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