Preparation method of soil conditioner based on paddy-upland rotation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of soil conditioners, in particular to a preparation method of a soil conditioner based on paddy-upland rotation, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: removing impurities from mineral nutrient components, concentrating and activating to obtain a first conditioner component; performing fermentation treatment on the organic matter component to obtain a second modifier component; carrying out co-culture on the soil nutrient activation flora and the dry-wet-resistant alternate flora to obtain a microbial mixed agent; performing three-stage mixing treatment on the first modifier component, the second modifier component and the microbial agent mixture to obtain a to-be-granulated material; and carrying out granulation and coating treatment on the to-be-granulated material. According to the preparation method of the soil conditioner disclosed by the invention, the problems that nutrient loss and flora imbalance are easily caused in the waterflooding period and the drought period of paddy-upland rotation soil are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil conditioner preparation, and in particular to a method for preparing a soil conditioner based on water-land rotation. Background Art

[0002] Flood-dryland rotation is a widely used farming model in my country's agricultural production. It effectively alleviates the problem of continuous cropping and improves land utilization through the periodic rotation of paddy fields and dry fields. However, the long-term alternation of flooding and drought can easily lead to drastic changes in the physical and chemical properties of the soil, which are manifested as follows: (1) Alternation of wet and dry conditions accelerates nutrient loss: the soil has strong reducing properties during the flooding period, and nitrogen is easily lost in the gaseous state; during the dry period, phosphorus and potassium fixation is enhanced under oxidative conditions, and their effectiveness decreases; (2) Soil structure deterioration: Frequent alternation of wet and dry conditions destroys the stability of aggregates, exacerbating compaction and decreased permeability; (3) Microbial activity fluctuates: anaerobic bacteria dominate during the flooding period, aerobic bacteria are active during the dry period, and functional bacterial communities are difficult to survive stably.

[0003] To address the above issues, existing technologies for improving soil fertility in wetland-dryland rotation mainly rely on the following two methods: 1. Chemical fertilizer application: Rapidly replenish soil nutrients through high amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium input, but its drawbacks are significant: Nutrient imbalance: Excessive application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium leads to relative deficiency of trace elements (such as calcium, magnesium and zinc) and imbalance of soil base ion ratio; Low utilization rate: Under alternating flood and drought conditions, nitrogen loss can reach 30% to 50%, while phosphorus and potassium fixation rates exceed 40%. Long-term dependence on nitrogen increases the risk of non-point source pollution. Soil structure destruction: Accumulation of chemical salts destroys aggregates and reduces the soil's ability to hold water and fertilizer.

[0004] 2. Application of traditional organic fertilizer: Using straw, livestock and poultry manure as raw materials, although it can improve soil structure and provide diversified nutrients, it still has the following limitations: Slow nutrient release: The humification process takes several months, making it difficult to meet the rapid nutrient demands of wet-dry rotation; Environmental risks: Insufficiently decomposed organic fertilizers carry pathogens and antibiotic residues, threatening the safety of agricultural products; Single function: Lack of microbial flora adapted to the alternating dry-wet environment, unable to synchronously regulate nutrient conversion and soil health. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner based on water-land rotation, which is used to overcome the problem that soil conditioners in the prior art only consider the treatment of a single rotation and cannot solve the problem that the flooding and drought periods of water-land rotation soil easily lead to nutrient loss and bacterial imbalance.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner based on water-upland rotation, comprising: The mineral nutrient component is subjected to impurity removal, concentration, and activation treatment to obtain a first improver component; fermenting the organic matter component to obtain a second amendment component; The soil nutrient activating bacteria and the dry-wet alternation tolerant bacteria are co-cultured to obtain a microbial mixture; The first improver component, the second improver component and the microbial mixture are subjected to a three-stage mixing process to obtain a material to be granulated; granulating and coating the material to be granulated; The mineral nutrient component accounts for 40% to 60%, the organic matter component accounts for 30% to 50%, and the microbial mixture accounts for 5% to 10%; The mineral nutrient components include nitrogen source materials, phosphorus source materials, potassium source materials and trace elements and trace elements; The organic matter components include straw, livestock and poultry manure and agricultural waste; The soil nutrient activating bacteria include nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria, with a compound ratio of 1:1:1 to 4:2:1; The dry-wet alternation resistant bacterial group includes Bacillus circulans and Bacillus subtilis, and the compound ratio is 1:2 to 2:1.

[0007] Furthermore, the nitrogen source material may be selected from 10% to 20% urea and 5% to 10% ammonium sulfate, or 5% to 8% slow-release nitrogen fertilizer; The phosphorus source material can be selected from 15% to 25% superphosphate or 10% to 20% phosphate rock powder; The potassium source material can be selected from 10% to 15% potassium sulfate or 8% to 12% potassium chloride; The trace elements can be selected from 5% to 8% of gypsum or lime, 2% to 4% of magnesium sulfate, 1% to 2% of sulfuric acid powder, and 0.5% to 1% of chelated micro-fertilizer.

[0008] Furthermore, the steps of removing impurities, concentrating, and activating the mineral nutrient component to obtain the first improver component include: Sieve the mineral nutrient components through 80-100 mesh to remove sand and gravel impurities; Soak the phosphate rock powder in a 5% citric acid solution with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:3 for 2 hours; The potassium feldspar and calcium carbonate are mixed in a ratio of 1:1 and calcined at 850 degrees for 1 hour; The trace elements are chelated with humic acid, with a chelation degree of ≥90%, to obtain the first improver component.

[0009] Furthermore, the straw needs to be crushed to 2-3 cm, accounting for 50%-60%; The livestock and poultry manure can be 30% to 40% chicken manure or cow manure; It also includes 10% to 15% edible fungus residue, 5% to 10% rice husk carbon, 0.1% to 0.3% EM bacteria or cellulose decomposing bacteria, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is controlled at 25:1 to 30:1.

[0010] Furthermore, the step of fermenting the organic matter component to obtain the second improver component includes: The straw crushed to 2-3 cm was mixed with livestock and poultry manure in a ratio of 3:7, the moisture content was adjusted to 55%-60%, and 2% quicklime was added for sterilization; The pile is 1.5 meters high, covered with a breathable film, and the temperature is raised to 50-60 degrees for seven days, and the pile is turned once a week; During the ripening stage, the temperature is maintained at 30-40 degrees for 15 days and 5% humic acid is added; The fermentation product was sieved through 20 meshes to obtain the second improver component.

[0011] Furthermore, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria may be Azospirillum brasiliensis, and the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria may be Bacillus mucilaginosus. The compound ratio is adjusted according to the soil type. For nitrogen-deficient soil, a 4:2:1 compound ratio may be selected, and for phosphorus-potassium-deficient soil, a 1:1:1 compound ratio may be selected. The compounding ratio of Bacillus circulans and Bacillus subtilis needs to be adjusted according to the crop rotation pattern. For paddy fields, a 2:1 compounding ratio can be selected, and for dry fields, a 1:2 compounding ratio can be selected.

[0012] Furthermore, the steps of co-culturing the soil nutrient activating bacteria and the dry-wet alternation tolerant bacteria to obtain a microbial mixture include: The nitrogen-fixing bacteria were cultured in Ashby nitrogen-free medium at 28°C and 120 rpm for 48 h. The phosphate-solubilizing / potassium-solubilizing bacteria were cultured in PKV medium at pH 7.0 and shaken at 30°C and 120 rpm for 72 hours. Bacillus was cultured in LB medium at 37°C and 150 rpm for 24 h. The bacterial liquid was mixed in proportion, 2% trehalose protective agent was added, and the mixture was statically cultured at 35 degrees for 12 hours to obtain the microbial mixture.

[0013] Furthermore, the first improver component, the second improver component and the microbial mixture are subjected to a three-stage mixing process to obtain the granulated material, which includes: The first improver component and the second improver component were stirred in a twin-shaft mixer at a speed of 30 rpm for 10 minutes; The microbial liquid is sprayed with an atomized particle size of ≤50 and 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is added as a binder; The granules were dried at 60°C until the moisture content was less than or equal to 15%, thereby obtaining the granules.

[0014] Furthermore, the coating material is polylactic acid (PLA) or modified starch, and the steps of granulating and coating the granulated material include: The particle size is 2-4 mm and the coating thickness is 50-100 μm. After film coating, hot air curing is carried out at 40 degrees for 30 minutes.

[0015] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effect of the present invention lies in that, through the activation treatment of mineral nutrients (acid hydrolysis of phosphate rock, calcination of potassium minerals) and humic acid chelation technology, a synergistic model of "rapid release of fast-acting nutrients - continuous supplementation of slow-acting nutrients" is formed, which significantly improves the utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and at the same time comprehensively supplements medium and trace elements to meet the dynamic nutrient needs of water-land rotation.

[0016] Furthermore, based on the polylactic acid composite coating technology, the differentiated release rates of nutrients during the flooding period and the dry farming period are regulated, effectively reducing nutrient leaching and volatilization, and providing a stable physical and chemical environment for subsequent microbial colonization and soil structure improvement.

[0017] Furthermore, through the targeted combination of the porous carrier characteristics of decomposed organic matter and the dry-wet alternating bacterial community, the ability of soil to form water-stable aggregates is enhanced, the efficiency of microbial activation of nutrients is simultaneously improved, and the ion balance of saline-alkali soil is improved.

[0018] Furthermore, by flexibly adjusting the proportions of minerals, organic matter, and microbial components, a closed-loop cycle of "nutrient slow release-structure improvement-microbial activation" can be achieved, significantly improving the speed of soil fertility recovery and agricultural sustainability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flow chart of the steps of a method for preparing a soil conditioner based on water-land rotation.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of obtaining the first improver component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of obtaining the second improver component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of obtaining a microbial mixture according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of obtaining the material to be granulated according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0025] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "inside", and "outside" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0028] See also Figure 1 As shown, it is a flow chart of the steps of the method for preparing a soil conditioner based on water-land rotation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] The present invention provides a method for preparing a soil conditioner based on water-upland rotation, comprising: The mineral nutrient component is subjected to impurity removal, concentration, and activation treatment to obtain a first improver component; fermenting the organic matter component to obtain a second amendment component; The soil nutrient activating bacteria and the dry-wet alternation tolerant bacteria are co-cultured to obtain a microbial mixture; The first improver component, the second improver component and the microbial mixture are subjected to a three-stage mixing process to obtain a granulated material; granulating and coating the material to be granulated; The mineral nutrient component accounts for 40% to 60%, the organic matter component accounts for 30% to 50%, and the microbial mixture accounts for 5% to 10%; Mineral nutrients include nitrogen source materials, phosphorus source materials, potassium source materials and trace elements and medium and trace elements; Organic matter components include straw, livestock and poultry manure, and agricultural waste; The soil nutrient activating bacteria include nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria, with a compound ratio of 1:1:1 to 4:2:1; The dry-wet alternating bacterial community includes Bacillus circulans and Bacillus subtilis, with a compound ratio of 1:2 to 2:1.

[0030] Specifically, the nitrogen source material can be selected from 10% to 20% urea and 5% to 10% ammonium sulfate, or 5% to 8% slow-release nitrogen fertilizer; The phosphorus source material can be selected from superphosphate 15% to 25% or phosphate rock powder 10% to 20%; Potassium source materials can be selected from potassium sulfate 10% to 15% or potassium chloride 8% to 12%; The trace elements can be selected from gypsum or lime 5% to 8%, magnesium sulfate 2% to 4%, sulfuric acid powder 1% to 2%, and chelated micro-fertilizer 0.5% to 1%.

[0031] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flow chart of obtaining the first improver component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Specifically, the steps of removing impurities, concentrating, and activating the mineral nutrient component to obtain the first improver component include: Sieve the mineral nutrient components through 80-100 mesh to remove sand and gravel impurities; Soak the phosphate rock powder in a 5% citric acid solution with a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3 for 2 hours; Mix potassium feldspar and calcium carbonate in a ratio of 1:1 and calcine at 850 degrees for 1 hour; The trace elements are chelated with humic acid, with a chelation degree of ≥90%, to obtain a first improver component.

[0033] Specifically, straw needs to be crushed to 2-3 cm, accounting for 50%-60%; Livestock and poultry manure can be chicken manure or cow manure 30% to 40%; It also includes 10% to 15% edible fungus residue, 5% to 10% rice husk carbon, 0.1% to 0.3% EM bacteria or cellulose decomposing bacteria, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is controlled at 25:1 to 30:1.

[0034] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flow chart of obtaining the second improver component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Specifically, the steps of fermenting the organic matter component to obtain the second improver component include: Mix straw crushed to 2-3 cm with livestock and poultry manure at a ratio of 3:7, adjust the moisture content to 55%-60%, and add 2% quicklime for sterilization; The pile is 1.5 meters high, covered with a breathable film, and the temperature is raised to 50-60 degrees for seven days, and the pile is turned once a week; During the ripening stage, the temperature is maintained at 30-40 degrees for 15 days and 5% humic acid is added; The fermentation product was sieved through 20 meshes to obtain the second improver component.

[0036] Specifically, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria can be Azospirillum brasiliensis, and the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria can be Bacillus mucilaginosus. The compound ratio is adjusted according to the soil type. For nitrogen-deficient soil, a 4:2:1 compound ratio can be selected, and for phosphorus-potassium-deficient soil, a 1:1:1 compound ratio can be selected. The compounding ratio of Bacillus circulans and Bacillus subtilis needs to be adjusted according to the crop rotation pattern. For paddy fields, a 2:1 compounding ratio can be selected, while for dry fields, a 1:2 compounding ratio can be selected.

[0037] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a flow chart of obtaining a microbial mixture according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Specifically, the steps of co-culturing the soil nutrient activating bacteria and the dry-wet alternation tolerant bacteria to obtain the microbial mixture include: The nitrogen-fixing bacteria were cultured in Ashby nitrogen-free medium at 28°C and 120 rpm for 48 h. The phosphate-solubilizing / potassium-solubilizing bacteria were cultured in PKV medium at pH 7.0 and shaken at 30°C and 120 rpm for 72 hours. Bacillus was cultured in LB medium at 37°C and 150 rpm for 24 h. The bacterial liquid was mixed in proportion, 2% trehalose protective agent was added, and the mixture was cultured at 35 degrees for 12 hours to obtain a microbial mixture.

[0039] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a flow chart of obtaining the material to be granulated according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Specifically, the first improver component, the second improver component and the microbial mixture are subjected to a three-stage mixing process to obtain the granulated material, including the following steps: The first improver component and the second improver component were stirred in a twin-shaft mixer at a speed of 30 rpm for 10 minutes; The microbial liquid was sprayed with an atomized particle size of ≤50 and 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose was added as a binder; The mixture was dried at 60°C until the moisture content was less than or equal to 15% to obtain the granulated material.

[0041] Specifically, the coating material is polylactic acid (PLA) or modified starch, and the steps of granulating and coating the granulated material include: The particle size is 2-4 mm and the coating thickness is 50-100 μm. After film coating, hot air curing is carried out at 40 degrees for 30 minutes.

[0042] Now, according to the specific embodiment content, it is further described through the following examples.

[0043] Example: 1. Raw material ratio (based on a total of 1000kg)

[0044] 2. Preparation process 1. Mineral nutrient component processing Nitrogen source (urea): directly pass through a 100-mesh sieve for use without activation.

[0045] Phosphorus source (superphosphate): acid activation treatment, soak in 5% citric acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:3 for 2 hours, dry and crush to 80 mesh.

[0046] Potassium source (potassium sulfate): Mix with humic acid at a ratio of 1:0.2 and stir at 60°C for 30 minutes to enhance adsorption.

[0047] Medium and trace elements: Gypsum, magnesium sulfate, and chelated micro-fertilizer are directly mixed and passed through a 60-mesh sieve.

[0048] 2. Organic matter fermentation Composting parameters: straw and chicken manure are mixed in a ratio of 5:3, C / N is adjusted to 28:1, moisture content is 58%, pile height is 1.5m, and covered with breathable film.

[0049] Temperature control: During the first week of high temperature period (55-65℃), turn the pile twice; during the 2nd to 3rd week of ripening period (below 40℃), add mushroom residue and rice husk charcoal.

[0050] Composting standard: organic matter content ≥45% after fermentation, EC value <3.0mS / cm, passing through 20-mesh sieve.

[0051] 3. Microbial flora co-cultivation Azotobacteria: Ashby medium, 28°C, 120 rpm, 48 h; Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria / potassium-solubilizing bacteria: PKV medium containing Ca3(PO4)2 / KAlSi3O8, culture at 30℃ for 72h; Bacillus: LB medium, culture at 37°C, 150 rpm for 24 h.

[0052] Mixing protection: After the bacterial solution is mixed in proportion, 2% trehalose + 0.5% xanthan gum are added and the culture is allowed to stand at 35°C for 12 hours (survival rate ≥ 95%).

[0053] 4. Mixing granulation and coating Three-stage mixing: Minerals and organic matter were mixed in a twin-shaft mixer (30 rpm, 10 min); Spray the microbial solution (atomization pressure 0.3MPa) and simultaneously add 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose binder; Dry at 60℃ to a moisture content of 12%.

[0054] Granulation and coating: Extrusion granulation (aperture 3mm, particle strength ≥15N); Coating material: polylactic acid (PLA) and nano-montmorillonite (1:1) composite film, film thickness 80 μm; Curing conditions: 40℃ hot air circulation for 30 minutes, sustained release performance meets the standard (24h release rate ≤ 25%).

[0055] 3. Quality Standards and Verification

[0056] 4. Application Scenario Adaptation (Dynamic Adjustment Suggestions) 1. Nitrogen-deficient soil (mainly rice fields): The mineral components are adjusted to 60%: urea is increased to 20% and superphosphate is reduced to 15%; Microbial ratio: nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria are 4:2:1, and the proportion of Bacillus subtilis is increased to 70%.

[0057] 2. Phosphorus and potassium deficient soil (mainly during dry farming period): The mineral components are adjusted to 40%: superphosphate is increased to 25%, and potassium sulfate is increased to 15%; Microbial ratio: nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and potassium-solubilizing bacteria are 1:1:1, and the proportion of Bacillus circulans is increased to 60%.

[0058] 3. Improvement of saline-alkali land: Eliminate potassium chloride from minerals and use potassium sulfate instead; Add 5% humic acid (combined with trace elements) to reduce the EC value.

[0059] V. Cost-Benefit Analysis Raw material cost: about 1,200 yuan / ton (high proportion of organic matter, reducing mineral costs); Yield-increasing effect: The rice-wheat rotation experiment in the wet-dry rotation area showed that the average yield increased by 12.7% over three years and the soil organic matter increased by 0.8%.

[0060] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention; for those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a soil conditioner based on water-land rotation, characterized in that: include: The mineral nutrient component is subjected to impurity removal, concentration, and activation treatment to obtain a first improver component; fermenting the organic matter component to obtain a second amendment component; The soil nutrient activating bacteria and the dry-wet alternation tolerant bacteria are co-cultured to obtain a microbial mixture; The first improver component, the second improver component and the microbial mixture are subjected to a three-stage mixing process to obtain a material to be granulated; granulating and coating the material to be granulated; The mineral nutrient component accounts for 40% to 60%, the organic matter component accounts for 30% to 50%, and the microbial mixture accounts for 5% to 10%; The mineral nutrient components include nitrogen source materials, phosphorus source materials, potassium source materials and trace elements and trace elements; The organic matter components include straw, livestock and poultry manure and agricultural waste; The soil nutrient activating bacteria include nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and potassium-solubilizing bacteria, with a compound ratio of 1:1:1 to 4:2:1; The dry-wet alternation resistant bacterial group includes Bacillus circulans and Bacillus subtilis, and the compound ratio is 1:2 to 2:

1.

2. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein: The nitrogen source material can be selected from 10% to 20% urea and 5% to 10% ammonium sulfate, or 5% to 8% slow-release nitrogen fertilizer; The phosphorus source material can be selected from 15% to 25% superphosphate or 10% to 20% phosphate rock powder; The potassium source material can be selected from 10% to 15% potassium sulfate or 8% to 12% potassium chloride; The trace elements can be selected from 5% to 8% of gypsum or lime, 2% to 4% of magnesium sulfate, 1% to 2% of sulfuric acid powder, and 0.5% to 1% of chelated micro-fertilizer.

3. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 2, wherein: The steps of removing impurities, concentrating, and activating the mineral nutrient component to obtain the first improver component include: Sieve the mineral nutrient components through 80-100 mesh to remove sand and gravel impurities; Soak the phosphate rock powder in a 5% citric acid solution with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:3 for 2 hours; The potassium feldspar and calcium carbonate are mixed in a ratio of 1:1 and calcined at 850 degrees for 1 hour; The trace elements are chelated with humic acid, with a chelation degree of ≥90%, to obtain the first improver component.

4. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein: The straw needs to be crushed into 2-3 cm, accounting for 50%-60%; The livestock and poultry manure can be 30% to 40% chicken manure or cow manure; It also includes 10% to 15% edible fungus residue, 5% to 10% rice husk carbon, 0.1% to 0.3% EM bacteria or cellulose decomposing bacteria, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is controlled at 25:1 to 30:

1.

5. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 4, wherein: The step of subjecting the organic matter component to fermentation to obtain the second amendment component comprises: The straw crushed to 2-3 cm was mixed with livestock and poultry manure in a ratio of 3:7, the moisture content was adjusted to 55%-60%, and 2% quicklime was added for sterilization; Pile up to 1.5 meters high, cover with breathable film, raise the temperature to 50-60 degrees and maintain for seven days, turning over once a week; During the ripening stage, the temperature is maintained at 30-40 degrees for 15 days and 5% humic acid is added; The fermentation product was sieved through 20 meshes to obtain the second improver component.

6. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein: The nitrogen-fixing bacteria may be Azospirillum brasiliensis, and the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria may be Bacillus subtilis. The compound ratio is adjusted according to the soil type. Among them, a 4:2:1 compound can be selected for nitrogen-deficient soils, and a 1:1:1 compound can be selected for phosphorus-potassium-deficient soils; The compounding ratio of Bacillus circulans and Bacillus subtilis needs to be adjusted according to the crop rotation pattern; Among them, a 2:1 compounding can be selected for paddy fields, and a 1:2 compounding can be selected for dry fields.

7. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 6, wherein: The steps of co-culturing the soil nutrient activating bacteria and the dry-wet alternation tolerant bacteria to obtain a microbial mixture include: The nitrogen-fixing bacteria were cultured in Ashby nitrogen-free medium at 28°C and 120 rpm for 48 h. The phosphate-solubilizing / potassium-solubilizing bacteria were cultured in PKV medium at pH 7.0 and shaken at 30°C and 120 rpm for 72 hours. Bacillus was cultured in LB medium at 37°C and 150 rpm for 24 h. The bacterial liquid was mixed in proportion, 2% trehalose protective agent was added, and the mixture was statically cultured at 35 degrees for 12 hours to obtain the microbial mixture.

8. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein: The steps of performing a three-stage mixing process on the first improver component, the second improver component and the microbial mixture to obtain the granulated material include: The first improver component and the second improver component were stirred in a twin-shaft mixer at a speed of 30 rpm for 10 minutes; The microbial liquid is sprayed with an atomized particle size of ≤50 and 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is added as a binder; The granules were dried at 60°C until the moisture content was less than or equal to 15%, thereby obtaining the granules.

9. The method for preparing a soil conditioner according to claim 8, wherein: The coating material is polylactic acid (PLA) or modified starch, and the steps of granulating and coating the granulated material include: The particle size is 2-4 mm and the coating thickness is 50-100 μm. After film coating, hot air curing is carried out at 40 degrees for 30 minutes.

Images