Simulation device for soil environment under plastic film mulching

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agronomy experiment devices, and particularly relates to a mulch-mulched soil environment simulation device which comprises a closed space, an air inlet and an air outlet. The mulching film sample is arranged in the closed space; the top of the soil simulation assembly is in contact with the bottom of the mulching film sample, and the soil simulation assembly is used for simulating a soil environment covered by the bottom of the mulching film sample; the natural environment simulation assembly is communicated with the closed space, the natural environment simulation assembly is used for simulating environmental conditions of the top of the mulching film sample, and the environmental conditions comprise temperature and humidity parameters, illumination parameters, rainfall parameters and wind speed parameters. According to the invention, researchers can accurately and controllably carry out experiments indoors, simulate soil states under different mulching film materials and environmental conditions, and deeply understand the influence of mulching film mulching on key parameters such as soil moisture, temperature and gas exchange. Scientific basis is provided for agricultural production and crop management, and sustainable development of agriculture is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural experimental devices, and in particular relates to a soil environment simulation device under mulch film covering. Background Art

[0002] Film mulching is a commonly used technique in agricultural production. Laying film on the soil surface effectively prevents water evaporation, controls soil temperature, and reduces weed growth, thereby improving crop yield and quality. However, the environmental conditions of soil covered with film differ significantly from those in traditional open-air soil, necessitating accurate simulation and research of the soil environment beneath film mulch.

[0003] In the past, studies on environmental simulations of soils under mulch mulch often relied on large-scale outdoor test sites or natural environmental observations. However, these methods have numerous limitations and shortcomings. First, outdoor test sites are significantly affected by the natural environment, making it difficult to precisely control and replicate experimental conditions. Second, natural environmental observations require long-term observations and significant human and material resources, resulting in high costs and a long lead time.

[0004] Therefore, a soil environment simulation device under mulch covering is urgently needed to solve the problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil environment simulation device under film covering to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] Soil environment simulation device under mulching film, including:

[0008] A confined space, wherein the confined space is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet;

[0009] A ground film sample is arranged in the confined space;

[0010] A soil simulation component, the top of which contacts the bottom of the mulch film sample, and the soil simulation component is used to simulate the soil environment covered by the bottom of the mulch film sample;

[0011] A natural environment simulation component is connected to the enclosed space, and is used to simulate the environmental conditions on the top of the ground film sample, wherein the environmental conditions include temperature and humidity parameters, light parameters, rainfall parameters, and wind speed parameters;

[0012] A ground film monitoring component is arranged above the ground film sample and is used to obtain the status of the ground film sample.

[0013] Optionally, the ground film monitoring component includes:

[0014] A near-infrared spectrum probe is arranged on the lower surface of the ground film sample, with the detection end of the near-infrared spectrum probe facing the ground film sample, and the near-infrared spectrum probe is used to collect carbonyl index data in real time;

[0015] A multispectral imager is arranged at the top of the enclosed space, with a lens of the multispectral imager vertically aligned with the upper surface of the ground film sample, and is used to identify the physical crack coverage data of the ground film sample in real time.

[0016] Optionally, the soil simulation component includes a film-covered soil column experimental section and a soil infiltration device, and the film-covered soil column experimental section includes:

[0017] A soil column, wherein the soil column is filled with soil, the mulch film sample is sealed and covers the top of the soil column, and the bottom of the mulch film sample is in contact with the soil;

[0018] a heat-insulating portion, wrapped around the outside of the soil column;

[0019] The heat-insulating portion includes a heat-insulating layer, and the heat-insulating layer is wrapped around the outer side of the soil column.

[0020] A copper wire mesh is coaxially fixed to the inner side of the bottom of the soil column, and the soil is located above the copper wire mesh;

[0021] The bottom of the soil column is communicated with the soil infiltration device.

[0022] Optionally, the soil infiltration device includes:

[0023] a first Malchnitz flask, located on one side of the soil column, wherein the top of the first Malchnitz flask is connected to an air outlet pipe, the first Malchnitz flask is fixedly connected to an air inlet pipe, the bottom end of the air inlet pipe extends into the first Malchnitz flask, and the first Malchnitz flask is filled with water;

[0024] The bottom of the first Malchow flask is connected to the bottom of the soil column through a pipeline, and a valve is provided at the water outlet of the pipeline.

[0025] Optionally, the natural environment simulation component includes an air circulation system connected to the enclosed space, a heating and humidifying device, a solar irradiation device and a needle-type rainfall simulation device.

[0026] Optionally, the air circulation system includes:

[0027] An air duct, the air outlet of which is connected to the air inlet of the enclosed space;

[0028] The air outlet of the fan is connected to the air inlet of the air duct through an air volume control valve.

[0029] Optionally, the heating and humidifying device includes:

[0030] A heating section, wherein the air outlet end of the air duct is connected to the air inlet end of the enclosed space through the heating section, and a heater for heating air is provided in the heating section;

[0031] The ultrasonic humidifier has an outlet end connected to the air duct through a hose, and a humidifying hole for connecting to the hose is opened on the side wall of the air duct.

[0032] Optionally, the solar irradiation device includes:

[0033] A full-spectrum xenon lamp is located directly above the ground film sample and is fixedly arranged in the confined space.

[0034] Optionally, the needle-type rainfall simulation device includes:

[0035] A nozzle is arranged directly above the ground film sample and fixedly arranged in the confined space;

[0036] A second Malchnitz flask is connected to the nozzle and is used to supply water to the nozzle. The second Malchnitz flask is located outside the enclosed space.

[0037] Optionally, a soil data collection device is further provided, and the soil data collection device includes:

[0038] A soil tension sensor is provided on the surface of the soil column;

[0039] a water level sensor disposed at the bottom of the first Malchow flask;

[0040] a temperature and humidity sensor disposed in the soil;

[0041] an air humidity sensor disposed in the enclosed space;

[0042] A hot-bulb anemometer disposed at the air outlet end of the enclosed space;

[0043] The soil tension sensor, the water level sensor, the temperature and humidity sensor, the air humidity sensor, and the hot-bulb anemometer are all electrically connected to a data collector, and the data collector is electrically connected to a microcomputer via a data transmission line;

[0044] The near-infrared spectrum probe and the multi-spectral imager are connected to the microcomputer signal, and the multi-spectral imager determines the state of the mulch film sample and the soil state through the carbonyl index data, the physical crack coverage data and the soil environmental parameters;

[0045] The soil environmental parameters include soil temperature data and moisture content data acquired by the temperature and humidity sensor and soil tension data acquired by the soil tension sensor.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0047] During use, the mulch film sample is placed in a confined space, the soil simulation component simulates the soil environment covered by the bottom of the mulch film sample, and the natural environment simulation component simulates the environment in which the mulch film sample is located, at least simulating temperature and humidity parameters, light parameters, rainfall parameters, wind speed parameters, etc., so that the mulch film sample is closer to the natural outdoor environment. Through this invention, researchers can conduct accurate and controllable indoor experiments, simulate the soil state under different mulch film materials and environmental conditions, and gain a deeper understanding of the impact of mulch film covering on key parameters such as soil moisture, temperature, and gas exchange. This will provide a scientific basis for agricultural production and crop management, and promote the sustainable development of agriculture. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive work.

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of the structure of the infrared spectrum probe and multi-spectral imager of the present invention;

[0051] Among them, 1. Fan; 2. Air volume control valve; 3. Air duct; 4. Humidification hole; 5. Heating section; 6. Air humidity sensor; 7. Full-spectrum xenon lamp; 8. Needle-type rainfall simulator; 9. Hot-bulb anemometer; 10. First Malchnitz flask; 11. Exhaust pipe; 12. Water outlet; 13. Water; 14. Inlet pipe; 15. Insulation layer; 16. Soil column; 17. Soil; 18. Ground film sample; 19. Temperature and humidity sensor; 20. Copper wire mesh; 21. Data collector; 22. Data transmission line; 23. Microcomputer; 24. Hose; 25. Ultrasonic humidifier; 26. Soil tension sensor; 27. Water level sensor; 28. Second Malchnitz flask; 29. ​​Infrared spectrum probe; 30. Multispectral imager. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 The present invention discloses a soil environment simulation device under film covering, comprising:

[0055] Confined space, the confined space is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet;

[0056] The ground film sample 18 is set in a confined space;

[0057] A soil simulation component, the top of which contacts the bottom of the ground film sample 18, and the soil simulation component is used to simulate the soil environment covered by the bottom of the ground film sample 18;

[0058] A natural environment simulation component is connected to the enclosed space and is used to simulate the environmental conditions on the top of the ground film sample 18, including temperature and humidity parameters, light parameters, rainfall parameters, and wind speed parameters;

[0059] The ground film monitoring component is arranged above the ground film sample 18 and is used to obtain the status of the ground film sample 18.

[0060] During use, by placing the mulch sample 18 in a confined space, simulating the soil environment covered by the bottom of the mulch sample 18 through the soil simulation component, and simulating the environment in which the mulch sample 18 is located through the natural environment simulation component, at least simulating temperature and humidity parameters, light parameters, rainfall parameters, wind speed parameters, etc., the mulch sample 18 is made closer to the natural outdoor environment. Through the present invention, researchers can conduct accurate and controllable indoor experiments, simulate the soil state under different mulch materials and environmental conditions, and gain a deeper understanding of the impact of mulch covering on key parameters such as soil moisture, temperature and gas exchange. This will provide a scientific basis for agricultural production and crop management, and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0061] As an optional embodiment, the ground film monitoring component includes:

[0062] A near-infrared spectrum probe 29 is provided on the lower surface of the ground film sample 18, with the detection end of the near-infrared spectrum probe 29 facing the ground film sample 18. The near-infrared spectrum probe 29 is used to collect carbonyl index data in real time;

[0063] The multispectral imager 30 is arranged at the top of the enclosed space, and the lens of the multispectral imager 30 is vertically aligned with the upper surface of the ground film sample 18 for real-time identification of the physical crack coverage data of the ground film sample 18.

[0064] As an optional embodiment, the soil simulation assembly includes a film-covered soil column test section and a soil infiltration device. The film-covered soil column test section includes:

[0065] A soil column 16 is filled with soil 17 , a ground film sample 18 is sealed and covers the top of the soil column 16 , and the bottom of the ground film sample 18 is in contact with the soil 17 .

[0066] The heat-insulating portion is wrapped around the outside of the soil column 16 .

[0067] The copper wire mesh 20 is coaxially fixed to the inner side of the bottom of the soil column 16 , and the soil 17 is located above the copper wire mesh 20 .

[0068] The bottom of the soil column 16 is communicated with the soil infiltration device.

[0069] As an optional embodiment, the soil infiltration device includes:

[0070] The first Malchnitz flask 10 is located on one side of the soil column 16 . An air outlet pipe 11 is connected to the top of the first Malchnitz flask 10 . An air inlet pipe 14 is fixed to the first Malchnitz flask 10 . The bottom end of the air inlet pipe 14 extends into the first Malchnitz flask 10 . The first Malchnitz flask 10 is filled with water 13 .

[0071] The bottom of the first Malchow flask 10 is connected to the bottom of the soil column 16 through a pipeline, and the water outlet 12 of the pipeline is provided with a valve.

[0072] As an optional implementation, the heat-insulating portion includes a heat-insulating layer 15 , which is wrapped around the outside of the soil column 16 .

[0073] As an optional embodiment, the natural environment simulation component includes an air circulation system connected to the enclosed space, a heating and humidifying device, a solar irradiation device and a needle-type rainfall simulation device 8.

[0074] As an optional embodiment, the air circulation system includes:

[0075] The air delivery pipe 3, the air outlet end is connected to the air inlet end of the enclosed space.

[0076] The air outlet of the fan 1 is connected to the air inlet of the air duct 3 through the air volume control valve 2.

[0077] As an optional embodiment, the heating and humidifying device includes:

[0078] The heating section 5 is connected between the air outlet end of the air duct 3 and the air inlet end of the enclosed space through the heating section 5. A heater for heating the air is provided in the heating section 5.

[0079] The outlet end of the ultrasonic humidifier 25 is connected to the air delivery pipe 3 through a hose 24 , and a humidification hole 4 for connecting to the hose 24 is opened on the side wall of the air delivery pipe 3 .

[0080] As an optional embodiment, the solar irradiation device includes:

[0081] The full-spectrum xenon lamp 7 is located directly above the ground film sample 18 and is fixedly installed in the enclosed space.

[0082] As an optional embodiment, the needle-type rainfall simulation device 8 includes:

[0083] The nozzle is arranged directly above the ground film sample 18 and is fixedly arranged in the enclosed space.

[0084] The second Malchnitz flask 28 is connected to the nozzle and is used to supply water to the nozzle. The second Malchnitz flask 28 is located outside the closed space.

[0085] As an optional embodiment, a soil data collection device is further provided, and the soil data collection device includes:

[0086] A soil tension sensor 26 provided on the surface of the soil column 16;

[0087] A water level sensor 27 provided at the bottom of the first Malchow flask 10;

[0088] A temperature and humidity sensor 19 is provided in the soil 17;

[0089] An air humidity sensor 6 is provided in the enclosed space;

[0090] A hot-bulb anemometer 9 is provided at the air outlet of the enclosed space;

[0091] The soil tension sensor 26, the water level sensor 27, the temperature and humidity sensor 19, the air humidity sensor 6 and the hot-bulb anemometer 9 are all electrically connected to the data collector 21, and the data collector 21 is electrically connected to the microcomputer 23 via a data transmission line 22;

[0092] The near infrared spectrum probe 29 and the multi-spectral imager 30 are connected to the microcomputer 23 by signal. The multi-spectral imager 30 determines the state of the ground film sample 18 and the soil state through the carbonyl index data, the physical crack coverage data and the soil environmental parameters.

[0093] The soil environmental parameters include soil temperature data and moisture content data acquired by the temperature and humidity sensor 19 and soil tension data acquired by the soil tension sensor 26 .

[0094] The soil environment simulation device under film covering of the present invention comprises an air circulation system, a heating and humidifying device, a solar irradiation device, a film covering soil column experimental section, a soil infiltration device and a soil data collection device.

[0095] The air circulation system consists of an air duct 3 with humidification holes 4 on its side. The film-covered soil column test section has monitoring holes on its side and a water seepage hole at its bottom, connected to a soil infiltration device. A full-spectrum xenon lamp 7, a needle-type rainfall simulator 8, a heating and humidification device, and the film-covered soil column test section are all connected to the air circulation system.

[0096] A closed space is formed at the tail end of the air delivery pipe 3 of the air circulation system, and slots, monitoring holes and assembly holes are opened in the closed space.

[0097] The humidification holes 4 on the side wall of the air duct 3 of the air circulation system are fixedly connected to the ultrasonic humidifier 25. A heating plate is laid on the wall of the air duct 3. The slots are fixedly connected to the full-spectrum xenon lamp 7 and the needle-type rainfall simulator 8. The monitoring holes are fixedly connected to the air humidity sensor 6. The assembly holes are provided with a slot and are connected to the mulch-covered soil column test section. Four monitoring holes are provided on the side wall of the mulch-covered soil column test section, corresponding to temperature and humidity sensors 19 at different depths. The bottom wall is provided with a water seepage hole and connected to the outlet pipe of the soil infiltration device. The outside of the tube is wrapped with an insulation layer 15. The outlet pipe at the bottom of the soil infiltration device is connected to the mulch-covered soil column test section. The outlet pipe is a hose 24. The mulch-covered soil column test section is filled with soil 17 and covered with a mulch sample 18 on the top.

[0098] The soil data collection device includes a data collector 21 and a data transmission line 22, which is used to collect data from sensors such as the soil tension sensor 26, the air humidity sensor 6, the temperature and humidity sensor 19, and the water level sensor 27, and transmit the data to the microcomputer 23 through the data transmission line 22 for processing and analysis.

[0099] The present invention can simulate real natural environmental conditions and the influence of mulching on soil, so as to gain a deeper understanding of the role of mulching in agricultural production.

[0100] The present invention features precise soil and environmental simulation systems that can control soil moisture content, temperature distribution, and gas exchange processes to simulate soil conditions under various natural conditions. The mulch simulation device allows researchers to cover the soil surface with mulch films of varying materials and thicknesses, ensuring proper contact between the film and the soil.

[0101] High-precision sensors and monitoring equipment are used to monitor key parameters such as soil moisture content, temperature distribution, and gas exchange rates in real time. A data recording and analysis system automatically records experimental data and provides analytical tools and algorithms to help researchers interpret and analyze experimental results.

[0102] This testbed allows researchers to conduct accurate and controlled experiments, simulating soil conditions under different mulch materials and environmental conditions, and gaining a deeper understanding of the effects of mulch covering on key parameters such as soil moisture, temperature, and gas exchange. This will provide a scientific basis for agricultural production and crop management, promoting sustainable agricultural development.

[0103] As an additional implementation method, refer to Figure 2 The present invention also includes a ground film monitoring component, which is arranged around the ground film sample 18 and is used to collect data and indicators related to ground film aging.

[0104] The ground film monitoring component non-invasively contacts the ground film sample to obtain its real-time status, including:

[0105] A near infrared spectrum probe 29 is provided on the lower surface of the ground film sample 18, with the detection end of the near infrared spectrum probe 29 aimed at the ground film sample 18, and the near infrared spectrum probe 29 is used to collect the carbonyl index in real time;

[0106] A multispectral imager 30 is provided at the top of the confined space, with the lens of the multispectral imager 30 vertically aligned with the upper surface of the ground film sample 18. The multispectral imager 30 is used to capture images of physical damage to the ground film and identify the coverage of physical cracks in real time.

[0107] The microcomputer 23 is electrically connected to the near-infrared spectrum probe 29 and the multi-spectral imager 30. The microcomputer 23 determines the degradation stage of the ground film sample 18 and the soil state according to the carbonyl index, crack coverage, temperature under the soil, moisture content and soil tension.

[0108] Since existing technologies cannot quantify the chemical aging (such as carbonyl index) and physical damage (such as crack extension) of mulch in real time, there is a lack of analytical means to correlate mulch degradation with soil water and heat migration.

[0109] This embodiment uses near-infrared spectroscopy and multispectral imaging to determine the aging stage of the ground film in real time.

[0110] As an additional implementation, this embodiment further includes a ground film degradation analysis module, which is used to obtain spectral data collected by the near-infrared spectral probe 29 and calculate the carbonyl index. The ground film degradation analysis module is also used to obtain multispectral image data collected by the multispectral imager 30 and identify and calculate the ground film crack coverage rate. The near-infrared spectral probe 29 and the multispectral imager 30 are both connected to the microcomputer 23, and the ground film degradation analysis module is integrated into the microcomputer 23.

[0111] Calculate the carbonyl index based on near-infrared spectral data;

[0112] Identify the coverage of ground film cracks based on multispectral images;

[0113] The carbonyl index (CI) is an important indicator for evaluating the degree of oxidative degradation of polymers. It is calculated by measuring the absorption intensity within a specific wavenumber range using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

[0114] The calculation formula of CI is:

[0115] CI=A 羰基峰 / A 参考峰 ;

[0116] Among them: A 羰基峰 is the absorption intensity of the carbonyl absorption peak, A 参考峰 It is the absorption intensity of the reference absorption peak. It is used to calculate the area in a microcomputer. The ratio of the two areas is the carbonyl index. The reference absorption peak values ​​of different materials are different. The calculation formula for common mulch materials is:

[0117] CI PE =Abs A(1770–1700) / A(1495–1423);

[0118] For polyethylene mulch, the carbonyl peak is at 1700-1800 cm -1 In the range, the reference peak is at 1460-1497cm -1 within the range.

[0119] CI PP =Abs A(1715–1735) / A(1460);

[0120] For polypropylene mulch, the carbonyl peak is at 1715-1735 cm -1 The reference peak is at 1460 cm -1 .

[0121] When the carbonyl index is greater than 0.2 and the crack coverage is greater than 10%, the ground film is judged to have entered an aging state.

[0122] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0123] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The soil environment simulation device under film covering is characterized by: include: A confined space, wherein the confined space is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; A ground film sample (18) is arranged in the enclosed space; A soil simulation component, the top of which contacts the bottom of the ground film sample (18), and the soil simulation component is used to simulate the soil environment covered by the bottom of the ground film sample (18); A natural environment simulation component is connected to the enclosed space, and the natural environment simulation component is used to simulate the environmental conditions on the top of the ground film sample (18), wherein the environmental conditions include temperature and humidity parameters, light parameters, rainfall parameters, and wind speed parameters; A ground film monitoring component is arranged above the ground film sample (18), and the ground film monitoring component is used to obtain the status of the ground film sample (18).

2. The soil environment simulation device under film covering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground film monitoring component includes: A near-infrared spectrum probe (29) is arranged on the lower surface of the ground film sample (18), with the detection end of the near-infrared spectrum probe (29) facing the ground film sample (18), and the near-infrared spectrum probe (29) is used to collect carbonyl index data in real time; A multispectral imager (30) is arranged at the top of the enclosed space, and the lens of the multispectral imager (30) is vertically aligned with the upper surface of the ground film sample (18), and is used to identify the physical crack coverage data of the ground film sample (18) in real time.

3. The soil environment simulation device under film covering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The soil simulation assembly includes a film-covered soil column experimental section and a soil infiltration device. The film-covered soil column experimental section includes: A soil column (16), wherein the soil column (16) is filled with soil (17), the ground film sample (18) is sealed and covers the top of the soil column (16), and the bottom of the ground film sample (18) is in contact with the soil (17); A heat-insulating portion wrapped around the outer side of the soil column (16); The heat-insulating portion includes a heat-insulating layer (15), and the heat-insulating layer (15) is wrapped around the outside of the soil column (16); A copper wire mesh (20) is coaxially fixed to the inner side of the bottom of the soil column (16), and the soil (17) is located above the copper wire mesh (20); The bottom of the soil column (16) is communicated with the soil infiltration device.

4. The soil environment simulation device under mulching according to claim 3, characterized in that: The soil infiltration device comprises: a first Malchnitz flask (10) located on one side of the soil column (16); an air outlet pipe (11) is connected to the top of the first Malchnitz flask (10); an air inlet pipe (14) is fixedly connected to the first Malchnitz flask (10); the bottom end of the air inlet pipe (14) extends into the first Malchnitz flask (10); and the first Malchnitz flask (10) is filled with water (13); The bottom of the first Malchow flask (10) is connected to the bottom of the soil column (16) through a pipeline, and the water outlet (12) of the pipeline is provided with a valve.

5. The soil environment simulation device under film covering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The natural environment simulation component comprises an air circulation system connected to the enclosed space, a heating and humidifying device, a solar irradiation device and a needle-type rainfall simulation device (8).

6. The soil environment simulation device under mulching according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air circulation system comprises: An air delivery pipe (3), the air outlet end of which is connected to the air inlet end of the enclosed space; The air outlet of the fan (1) is connected to the air inlet of the air delivery pipe (3) through an air volume control valve (2).

7. The soil environment simulation device under film covering according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heating and humidifying device comprises: A heating section (5), wherein the air outlet end of the air delivery pipe (3) is connected to the air inlet end of the enclosed space through the heating section (5), and a heater for heating air is provided in the heating section (5); The ultrasonic humidifier (25) has an outlet end connected to the air delivery pipe (3) through a hose (24), and a humidification hole (4) for connecting to the hose (24) is provided on the side wall of the air delivery pipe (3).

8. The soil environment simulation device under film covering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The solar irradiation device comprises: A full-spectrum xenon lamp (7) is located directly above the ground film sample (18) and is fixedly arranged in the enclosed space.

9. The soil environment simulation device under film covering according to claim 5, characterized in that: The needle-type rainfall simulation device (8) comprises: A nozzle is arranged directly above the ground film sample (18) and fixedly arranged in the closed space; A second Malchnitz flask (28) is connected to the nozzle, and the second Malchnitz flask (28) is used to supply water to the nozzle. The second Malchnitz flask (28) is located outside the closed space.

10. The soil environment simulation device under film covering according to claim 4, characterized in that: A soil data collection device is also provided, and the soil data collection device comprises: A soil tension sensor (26) provided on the surface of the soil column (16); a water level sensor (27) disposed at the bottom of the first Malchnitz flask (10); a temperature and humidity sensor (19) disposed in the soil (17); An air humidity sensor (6) disposed in the enclosed space; A hot-bulb anemometer (9) provided at the air outlet end of the enclosed space; The soil tension sensor (26), the water level sensor (27), the temperature and humidity sensor (19), the air humidity sensor (6), and the hot-bulb anemometer (9) are all electrically connected to a data collector (21), and the data collector (21) is electrically connected to a microcomputer (23) via a data transmission line (22); The near-infrared spectrum probe (29) and the multi-spectral imager (30) are connected to the microcomputer (23) by signal, and the multi-spectral imager (30) determines the state of the ground film sample (18) and the soil state through the carbonyl index data, the physical crack coverage data and the soil environmental parameters; The soil environmental parameters include soil temperature data and moisture content data acquired by the temperature and humidity sensor (19) and soil tension data acquired by the soil tension sensor (26).

Images