Urban extension simulation method and device based on ecological protection and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a city expansion simulation method and device based on ecological protection and electronic equipment, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining ecological system service data of a target region, determining a city expansion mode and an ecological system service protection mode of the target region, and determining a multi-dimensional impact factor of the target region; inputting the ecological system service data into a pre-constructed ecological system service evaluation model to obtain an ecological system service evaluation result of the target area output by the ecological system service evaluation model; and inputting the ecosystem service evaluation result, the city expansion mode, the ecosystem service protection mode and the multi-dimensional influence factor into a pre-constructed city expansion simulation model to obtain a city expansion simulation result of the target area output by the city expansion simulation model. In the urban expansion simulation process, influence factors in multiple aspects are considered, the accuracy of urban expansion simulation is improved, and the method is suitable for complex application scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of land planning, and in particular to an urban expansion simulation method, device and electronic equipment based on ecological protection. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of global urbanization, urban expansion has become a significant issue affecting regional ecological security and sustainable development. Uncontrolled urban expansion often leads to ecological problems. Therefore, scientifically simulating urban expansion is crucial. Existing urban expansion simulation methods only consider a single factor, resulting in poor accuracy and difficulty adapting to complex application scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides an urban expansion simulation method, device and electronic equipment based on ecological protection, which are used to solve the defects of the urban expansion simulation method in the prior art that only considers a single factor, has poor accuracy and is difficult to adapt to complex application scenarios.

[0004] The present invention provides an urban expansion simulation method based on ecological protection, comprising: Obtain ecosystem service data for the target area, determine the urban expansion pattern and ecosystem service protection pattern for the target area, and determine the multi-dimensional influencing factors for the target area; Inputting the ecosystem service data into a pre-built ecosystem service assessment model to obtain an ecosystem service assessment result of the target area output by the ecosystem service assessment model; the ecosystem service assessment model is trained based on the sample ecosystem service data of the sample area and the ecosystem service assessment result label of the sample area; The ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion patterns, ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional influencing factors are input into a pre-built urban expansion simulation model to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the urban expansion simulation model; the urban expansion simulation model is trained based on the sample ecosystem service assessment results, sample urban expansion patterns, sample ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional sample influencing factors of the sample area, as well as the urban expansion simulation result labels of the sample area.

[0005] In some embodiments, the ecosystem service assessment results include standardized scores of multiple ecosystem services; the urban expansion model is organic growth or spontaneous growth; the ecosystem service protection model includes the protection model of the multiple ecosystem services, and the protection model is protection or non-protection; the multidimensional influencing factors include suitability factors, neighborhood image factors and inheritance factors.

[0006] In some embodiments, the urban expansion simulation model includes an assessment layer and a simulation layer; Correspondingly, the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion model, ecosystem service protection model and multi-dimensional influencing factors are input into a pre-built urban expansion simulation model to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the urban expansion simulation model, including: Inputting the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion model, ecosystem service protection model and multi-dimensional influencing factors into the assessment layer, and obtaining the assessment results of each non-urban pixel in the target area output by the assessment layer; The evaluation results of the non-urban pixels are input into the simulation layer to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the simulation layer.

[0007] In some embodiments, inputting the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion patterns, ecosystem service protection patterns, and multi-dimensional influencing factors into the assessment layer to obtain the assessment results of each non-urban pixel in the target area output by the assessment layer includes: Based on the assessment layer and in accordance with the ecosystem service protection model, determining the weight of the ecosystem service assessment result; Based on the evaluation layer, determining the weights of the multi-dimensional influencing factors; Based on the assessment layer, according to the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion patterns, ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional influencing factors, as well as the weights of the ecosystem service assessment results and the weights of the multi-dimensional influencing factors, the urban expansion probability or development potential of each non-urban pixel is calculated, and the assessment results of each non-urban pixel are output.

[0008] In some embodiments, inputting the evaluation results of each non-urban pixel into the simulation layer to obtain the urban expansion simulation result of the target area output by the simulation layer includes: Based on the simulation layer, according to the evaluation results of the non-urban pixels, determining the seed pixels of each newly added patch from the non-urban pixels; Based on the simulation layer, with the seed pixel as the center of the moving window, according to the evaluation results of the non-urban pixels, a non-urban pixel in the moving window is converted into an urban pixel, and with the urban pixel as the new center of the moving window, the next non-urban pixel in the moving window is converted into an urban pixel in the same manner, and the process is iterated in a loop until the total area of ​​the newly added patches meets the requirements, and the urban expansion simulation result of the target area is output.

[0009] In some embodiments, the method further comprises: Based on the urban expansion simulation results of the target area, the urban growth boundary of the target area is delineated.

[0010] In some embodiments, the training process of the ecosystem service assessment model includes: Obtain sample ecosystem service data for sample areas; Determine the label of the ecosystem service assessment results for the sample area; The sample ecosystem service data is used as a training sample, and the ecosystem service evaluation result label is used as a sample label to train an initial ecosystem service evaluation model. After the training is completed, the ecosystem service evaluation model is obtained.

[0011] In some embodiments, the training process of the urban expansion simulation model includes: Obtaining sample ecosystem service data for the sample area, determining the sample urban expansion pattern and sample ecosystem service protection pattern for the sample area, and determining the multi-dimensional sample impact factors for the sample area; Inputting the sample ecosystem service data into the ecosystem service assessment model to obtain a sample ecosystem service assessment result of the sample area output by the ecosystem service assessment model; Determine a label of the urban expansion simulation result of the sample area; The sample ecosystem service assessment results, sample urban expansion patterns, sample ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional sample influencing factors are used as training samples, and the urban expansion simulation result labels of the sample areas are used as sample labels to train an initial urban expansion simulation model. After the training is completed, the urban expansion simulation model is obtained.

[0012] The present invention also provides an urban expansion simulation device based on ecological protection, comprising: an acquisition unit, configured to acquire ecosystem service data of a target area, determine an urban expansion pattern and an ecosystem service protection pattern of the target area, and determine multi-dimensional influencing factors of the target area; An evaluation unit is configured to input the ecosystem service data into a pre-built ecosystem service evaluation model to obtain an ecosystem service evaluation result of the target area output by the ecosystem service evaluation model; the ecosystem service evaluation model is trained based on the sample ecosystem service data of the sample area and the ecosystem service evaluation result label of the sample area; A simulation unit is used to input the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion patterns, ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional influencing factors into a pre-built urban expansion simulation model to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the urban expansion simulation model; the urban expansion simulation model is trained based on the sample ecosystem service assessment results, sample urban expansion patterns, sample ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional sample influencing factors of the sample area, as well as the urban expansion simulation result labels of the sample area.

[0013] The present invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the method for simulating urban expansion based on ecological protection as described above is implemented.

[0014] The ecological protection-based urban expansion simulation method, device, and electronic device provided by the present invention obtain ecosystem service data of a target area, determine the urban expansion pattern and ecosystem service protection pattern of the target area, and determine the multidimensional influencing factors of the target area; input the ecosystem service data into a pre-built ecosystem service evaluation model to obtain an ecosystem service evaluation result of the target area output by the ecosystem service evaluation model; input the ecosystem service evaluation result, urban expansion pattern, ecosystem service protection pattern, and multidimensional influencing factors into a pre-built urban expansion simulation model to obtain an urban expansion simulation result of the target area output by the urban expansion simulation model, thereby improving the accuracy of urban expansion simulation and being suitable for complex application scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 This is one of the flow charts of the urban expansion simulation method based on ecological protection provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is the second flow chart of the urban expansion simulation method based on ecological protection provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of urban expansion areas under different scenarios provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4It is a flowchart of the training process of the urban expansion simulation model provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of an urban expansion simulation device based on ecological protection provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1 This is one of the flow charts of the urban expansion simulation method based on ecological protection provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, a method for simulating urban expansion based on ecological protection is provided, which includes the following steps: step 110, step 120, and step 130. The steps of the method flow are only a possible implementation of the present invention.

[0024] Step 110: Obtain ecosystem service data for the target area, determine the urban expansion pattern and ecosystem service protection pattern for the target area, and determine the multi-dimensional influencing factors for the target area.

[0025] Among them, ecosystem service data include at least: biophysical indicators (such as vegetation cover, hydrological data), land use / cover data, climate indicators, biodiversity data, socio-economic parameters and other data.

[0026] In some embodiments, the urban expansion model is organic growth or spontaneous growth; the ecosystem service protection model includes protection models of multiple ecosystem services, and the protection model is protection or non-protection; the multidimensional influencing factors include suitability factors, neighborhood image factors and inheritance factors.

[0027] Among them, multiple ecosystem services include at least provisioning services (such as food production), regulating services (such as carbon storage) and supporting services (such as habitat quality).

[0028] For example, the ecosystem service protection model is: protect food production, protect habitat quality, and do not protect carbon storage.

[0029] Among them, organic growth is mainly marginal expansion, while spontaneous growth is mainly leapfrog expansion.

[0030] Optionally, determining the urban expansion model of the target area includes: The urban expansion pattern of the target area is determined according to the urban expansion pattern index T of the target area and a preset threshold.

[0031] For example, T=0.0 represents a city's completely organic growth (i.e., mainly marginal expansion), and T=1.0 represents a city's completely spontaneous growth (i.e., mainly frog-leap expansion).

[0032] Suitability factors include, but are not limited to, topography, soil properties, and distance from city centers, railways, roads, and rivers.

[0033] Step 120: Input the ecosystem service data into a pre-built ecosystem service assessment model to obtain an ecosystem service assessment result of the target area output by the ecosystem service assessment model; the ecosystem service assessment model is trained based on the sample ecosystem service data of the sample area and the ecosystem service assessment result label of the sample area.

[0034] Optionally, the ecosystem service assessment results include normalized scores for a plurality of ecosystem services.

[0035] Optionally, based on an ecosystem service assessment model, the ecosystem service data is processed to obtain statistical data of multiple ecosystem services, such as habitat quality, food production and carbon storage, and multiple ecosystem services are scored to obtain standardized scores of multiple ecosystem services.

[0036] Step 130: Input the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion patterns, ecosystem service protection patterns, and multi-dimensional influencing factors into a pre-built urban expansion simulation model to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the urban expansion simulation model; the urban expansion simulation model is trained based on the sample ecosystem service assessment results, sample urban expansion patterns, sample ecosystem service protection patterns, and multi-dimensional sample influencing factors of the sample area, as well as the urban expansion simulation result labels of the sample area.

[0037] Alternatively, the patch-based Land Use Scenario Dynamics-Urban (LUSD-Urban) model can be used for urban expansion simulation. The LUSD-Urban model is a spatially explicit model specifically designed for urban expansion simulation. Its core approach is to incorporate patch ecology theory, integrating urban expansion processes with the dynamics of landscape pattern evolution. This approach addresses the shortcomings of traditional models in analyzing ecological spatial fragmentation and connectivity. Using patches as the basic simulation unit, the LUSD-Urban model quantifies patch shape, size, edge effects, and spatial connectivity during urban expansion.

[0038] Among them, patches refer to spatial units with similar land use attributes, representing different land use types (such as residential, industrial, and green space).

[0039] Optionally, the policy optimization method is applied to the LUSD-Urban model, combining the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion patterns, ecosystem service protection patterns, and multidimensional influencing factors to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area.

[0040] Optionally, machine learning, deep learning, reinforcement learning and other methods are used to train the urban expansion simulation model.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, by obtaining ecosystem service data of a target area, determining the urban expansion pattern and ecosystem service protection pattern of the target area, and determining the multidimensional influencing factors of the target area; inputting the ecosystem service data into a pre-built ecosystem service assessment model, and obtaining an ecosystem service assessment result of the target area output by the ecosystem service assessment model; inputting the ecosystem service assessment result, the urban expansion pattern, the ecosystem service protection pattern, and the multidimensional influencing factors into a pre-built urban expansion simulation model, and obtaining an urban expansion simulation result of the target area output by the urban expansion simulation model, thereby improving the accuracy of urban expansion simulation and being suitable for complex application scenarios.

[0042] In some embodiments, the urban expansion simulation model includes an assessment layer and a simulation layer; Correspondingly, in step 130, the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion model, ecosystem service protection model, and multi-dimensional influencing factors are input into a pre-built urban expansion simulation model to obtain an urban expansion simulation result for the target area output by the urban expansion simulation model, including: Step 131: Input the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion model, ecosystem service protection model, and multi-dimensional influencing factors into the assessment layer to obtain the assessment results of each non-urban pixel in the target area output by the assessment layer; Step 132: Input the evaluation results of each non-urban pixel into the simulation layer to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the simulation layer.

[0043] Optionally, when the urban expansion pattern is organic growth, the urban expansion probability of each non-urban pixel is evaluated by comprehensively considering the suitability factor, neighborhood image factor, and inheritance factor to obtain the evaluation result of each non-urban pixel.

[0044] Optionally, when the urban expansion pattern is spontaneous growth, the development potential of each non-urban pixel is evaluated by comprehensively considering the suitability factor and the inheritance factor to obtain the evaluation results of each non-urban pixel.

[0045] In some embodiments, the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion model, ecosystem service protection model, and multi-dimensional influencing factors are input into the assessment layer to obtain the assessment results of each non-urban pixel in the target area output by the assessment layer, including: Based on the assessment layer and in accordance with the ecosystem service protection model, the weights of the ecosystem service assessment results are determined; Based on the evaluation layer, determine the weights of multi-dimensional influencing factors; Based on the assessment layer, the urban expansion probability or development potential of each non-urban pixel is calculated according to the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion pattern, ecosystem service protection pattern and multi-dimensional influencing factors, as well as the weights of the ecosystem service assessment results and the weights of the multi-dimensional influencing factors, and the assessment results of each non-urban pixel are output.

[0046] Alternatively, the urban expansion probability or development potential of each non-urban pixel is calculated as follows: ; Where, Indicates that the land use type is Non-urban pixels ( x , y ) urban expansion probability, Indicates that the land use type is Non-urban pixels ( x , y )’s development potential, Indicates non-urban pixels ( x , y ) suitability factor j The standardized score of m represents the number of suitability factors. Represents the suitability factor j The weight of Indicates non-urban pixels ( x , y ) i Standardized scores for ecosystem services, Indicates the i The weight of ecosystem services; Indicates non-urban pixels ( x , y )’s standardized score of the neighborhood influence factor, represents the weight of the neighborhood influence factor; Indicates that the land use type is Non-urban pixels ( x , y ) is the standardized score of the inheritance factor, represents the weight of the inheritance factor; Indicates non-urban pixels ( x , y ) r The class limits the expansion area. If it is not an urban pixel ( x , y ) is lake, river or wetland, then The value of is 0, R Indicates non-urban pixels ( x , y ) the total number of types of restricted extension areas; represents the random interference factor.

[0047] It should be noted that it is assumed that the weight of ecosystem service protection is equal to the total weight of the suitability factor, inheritance factor, and neighborhood influence factor, and the weights of each ecosystem service are also equal. That is, when three types of ecosystem services are protected, the weight of each service is 33.33; when two types of ecosystem services are protected, the weight of each service is 50; when only one type of ecosystem service is protected, the weight of that service is 100, and the weight of the unprotected ecosystem service is 0.

[0048] Optionally, the weights of the suitability factors can be adjusted using the Monte Carlo method. In this method, the historical urban expansion process is repeatedly simulated using different parameters. The simulation result that is closest to the actual situation (i.e., the one with the highest Kappa coefficient) is used as the optimal model parameter.

[0049] In some embodiments, the evaluation results of each non-urban pixel are input into the simulation layer to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the simulation layer, including: Based on the simulation layer and the evaluation results of each non-urban pixel, the seed pixel of each newly added patch is determined from each non-urban pixel; Based on the simulation layer, with the seed pixel as the center of the moving window, a non-urban pixel in the moving window is converted into an urban pixel according to the evaluation results of each non-urban pixel. With the urban pixel as the new center of the moving window, the next non-urban pixel in the moving window is converted into an urban pixel in the same way. This process is repeated until the total area of ​​each newly added patch meets the requirements, and the urban expansion simulation results of the target area are output.

[0050] Optionally, the seed pixels of the newly added patches are determined according to the urban expansion probability or development potential of each non-urban pixel corresponding to the newly added patches.

[0051] For example, non-urban pixels with the highest probability of urban expansion or the greatest development potential are identified as seed pixels.

[0052] In some embodiments, the above method further comprises: Based on the urban expansion simulation results of the target area, the urban growth boundary of the target area is delineated.

[0053] Optionally, the urban expansion simulation results are processed based on a morphological expansion and erosion algorithm to delineate the urban growth boundary of the target area.

[0054] Specifically, a filter with a size of 3×3 but excluding the four corners is used to perform a closing operation on the urban expansion simulation results to connect adjacent urban patches, and then an opening operation is performed to eliminate some isolated small urban patches far away from the main urban area that are not suitable for delineating the urban growth boundary, thereby realizing the delineation of the urban growth boundary.

[0055] Figure 2 This is a second flow chart of the urban expansion simulation method based on ecological protection provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, a method for simulating urban expansion based on ecological protection is provided, comprising the following steps: Step 210: Obtain ecosystem service data for the target area, determine the urban expansion scenario for the target area, and determine the multi-dimensional influencing factors for the target area; Step 220: Input the ecosystem service data into a pre-built ecosystem service assessment model to obtain an ecosystem service assessment result of the target area output by the ecosystem service assessment model; Step 230: Input the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion scenarios, and multi-dimensional influencing factors into a pre-built urban expansion simulation model to obtain an urban expansion simulation result for the target area output by the urban expansion simulation model; Among them, the urban expansion simulation model is trained based on the sample ecosystem service assessment results, sample urban expansion scenarios and multi-dimensional sample influencing factors of the sample area, as well as the urban expansion simulation result labels of the sample area.

[0056] Step 240: Determine the urban growth boundary of the target area based on the urban expansion scenario and the urban expansion simulation results.

[0057] Among them, the urban expansion scenario includes the urban expansion pattern index and the ecosystem service protection model.

[0058] Optionally, a scenario matrix is ​​constructed based on different urban expansion pattern indices and different protection patterns of different ecosystem services (i.e., protection and non-protection); and the urban expansion scenario is determined based on the scenario matrix.

[0059] It should be noted that based on the scenario matrix, the urban expansion simulation results of the target area under various scenarios can be obtained.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present invention, by comprehensively considering various influencing factors and simulating urban expansion, the blind expansion of oasis cities can be prevented while developing oasis cities, and the negative impact of oasis city expansion on the ecological environment can be reduced. The ecological security of the oasis can be effectively guaranteed, which is of great significance to achieving regional sustainable development.

[0061] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of urban expansion area under different scenarios provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, urban growth occupies different land types under different scenarios. Specifically, under the scenario of protecting all ecosystem services, urban growth will primarily occupy bare land and cultivated land, with an average of 20.0 square kilometers of bare land occupying, accounting for 40.2% of the urban expansion area, and 13.6 square kilometers of cultivated land occupying, accounting for 29.6%. The types of land occupied also vary under different expansion patterns. Leapfrog expansion will primarily occupy bare land, while marginal expansion will primarily occupy cultivated land. Under the T=1 scenario, 20.2~41.3 square kilometers of bare land will be occupied, accounting for 41.4%~54.5% of the total expanded area, 7.4~10.2 square kilometers of cultivated land will be occupied (11.7%~18.1%), and 4.2~6.5 square kilometers of forest land will be occupied (6.9%~12.3%). Under the T=0 scenario, the newly added cities will occupy 18.2~22.2 square kilometers of cultivated land and bare land (48.2%~54.1%) and 7.1~7.2 square kilometers (17.4%~18.7%), respectively.

[0062] In the scenario where no ecosystem services are protected, urban expansion will primarily occupy cultivated land, while also occupying rural construction land and forest land. This represents 31.9 square kilometers of cultivated land, accounting for 63.8% of the total urban expansion area; 6.3 square kilometers (12.2%) of rural construction land; and 4.1 square kilometers (8.5%) of forest land. Leapfrog expansion will primarily occupy cultivated land, while marginal expansion will occupy cultivated land, bare land, and forest land. Under the T=1 scenario, cultivated land will occupy 40.4 square kilometers, accounting for 67.0% of the total 60.2 square kilometers of urban expansion. Under the T=0 scenario, cultivated land, bare land, and forest land will occupy 20.2 square kilometers, 6.3 square kilometers, and 4.6 square kilometers, respectively, accounting for 52.1%, 16.2%, and 12.0% of the total urban expansion area.

[0063] In some embodiments, the training process of the ecosystem service assessment model includes: Obtain sample ecosystem service data for sample areas; Determine the label of ecosystem service assessment results for the sample area; The sample ecosystem service data is used as the training sample, and the ecosystem service assessment result label is used as the sample label to train the initial ecosystem service assessment model. After the training is completed, the ecosystem service assessment model is obtained.

[0064] Optionally, the sample ecosystem service data includes at least: historical biophysical indicators, historical land use / cover data, historical climate indicators, historical biodiversity data, historical socioeconomic parameters and other data.

[0065] Optionally, the ecosystem service assessment result label includes at least: an assessment result label of habitat quality, an assessment result label of food yield, and an assessment result label of carbon storage.

[0066] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the training process of the urban expansion simulation model provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the training process of the urban expansion simulation model includes: Step 410: Obtain sample ecosystem service data for the sample area, determine a sample urban expansion pattern and a sample ecosystem service protection pattern for the sample area, and determine a multi-dimensional sample impact factor for the sample area; Step 420: Input the sample ecosystem service data into the ecosystem service assessment model to obtain the sample ecosystem service assessment results of the sample area output by the ecosystem service assessment model; Step 430: Determine the urban expansion simulation result label of the sample area; Step 440: Using the sample ecosystem service assessment results, sample urban expansion patterns, sample ecosystem service protection patterns, and multi-dimensional sample influencing factors as training samples, and the urban expansion simulation result labels of the sample areas as sample labels, an initial urban expansion simulation model is trained. After the training is completed, an urban expansion simulation model is obtained.

[0067] Optionally, the sample ecosystem service assessment results, sample urban expansion patterns, sample ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional sample influencing factors are input into the initial urban expansion simulation model to obtain the urban expansion simulation prediction results of the sample area output by the initial urban expansion simulation model.

[0068] Optionally, based on the urban expansion simulation prediction results of the sample area and the urban expansion simulation result labels of the sample area, a loss function value is calculated, and based on the loss function value, the parameters of the initial urban expansion simulation model are iteratively optimized to obtain the urban expansion simulation model.

[0069] Optionally, the initial urban expansion simulation model includes an initial assessment layer and an initial simulation layer.

[0070] Optionally, the sample ecosystem service assessment results, sample urban expansion patterns, sample ecosystem service protection patterns, and multi-dimensional sample influencing factors are input into the initial urban expansion simulation model to obtain the urban expansion simulation prediction results of the sample area output by the initial urban expansion simulation model, including: Input the sample ecosystem service assessment results, sample urban expansion patterns, sample ecosystem service protection patterns, and multi-dimensional sample impact factors into the initial assessment layer to obtain the assessment results of each sample non-urban pixel in the sample area output by the initial assessment layer; The evaluation results of each sample non-urban pixel are input into the initial simulation layer to obtain the urban expansion simulation prediction results of the sample area output by the initial simulation layer.

[0071] The following describes an urban expansion simulation device based on ecological protection provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The urban expansion simulation device based on ecological protection described below and the urban expansion simulation method based on ecological protection described above can be referenced to each other.

[0072] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an urban expansion simulation device based on ecological protection provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the urban expansion simulation device 500 based on ecological protection includes: An acquisition unit 510 is configured to acquire ecosystem service data of a target area, determine an urban expansion pattern and an ecosystem service protection pattern of the target area, and determine multi-dimensional influencing factors of the target area; Evaluation unit 520 is configured to input the ecosystem service data into a pre-built ecosystem service evaluation model to obtain an ecosystem service evaluation result for the target area output by the ecosystem service evaluation model; the ecosystem service evaluation model is trained based on the sample ecosystem service data of the sample area and the ecosystem service evaluation result labels of the sample area; The simulation unit 530 is used to input the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion patterns, ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional influencing factors into a pre-built urban expansion simulation model to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the urban expansion simulation model; the urban expansion simulation model is trained based on the sample ecosystem service assessment results, sample urban expansion patterns, sample ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional sample influencing factors of the sample area, as well as the urban expansion simulation result labels of the sample area.

[0073] Optionally, the ecosystem service assessment results include standardized scores of multiple ecosystem services; the urban expansion model is organic growth or spontaneous growth; the ecosystem service protection model includes the protection models of the multiple ecosystem services, and the protection model is protection or non-protection; the multidimensional influencing factors include suitability factors, neighborhood image factors and inheritance factors.

[0074] Optionally, the urban expansion simulation model includes an assessment layer and a simulation layer; Correspondingly, the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion model, ecosystem service protection model and multi-dimensional influencing factors are input into a pre-built urban expansion simulation model to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the urban expansion simulation model, including: Inputting the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion model, ecosystem service protection model and multi-dimensional influencing factors into the assessment layer, and obtaining the assessment results of each non-urban pixel in the target area output by the assessment layer; The evaluation results of the non-urban pixels are input into the simulation layer to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the simulation layer.

[0075] Optionally, the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion model, ecosystem service protection model and multi-dimensional influencing factors are input into the assessment layer to obtain the assessment results of each non-urban pixel in the target area output by the assessment layer, including: Based on the assessment layer and in accordance with the ecosystem service protection model, determining the weight of the ecosystem service assessment result; Based on the evaluation layer, determining the weights of the multi-dimensional influencing factors; Based on the assessment layer, according to the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion patterns, ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional influencing factors, as well as the weights of the ecosystem service assessment results and the weights of the multi-dimensional influencing factors, the urban expansion probability or development potential of each non-urban pixel is calculated, and the assessment results of each non-urban pixel are output.

[0076] Optionally, inputting the evaluation results of the non-urban pixels into the simulation layer to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the simulation layer includes: Based on the simulation layer, according to the evaluation results of the non-urban pixels, determining the seed pixels of each newly added patch from the non-urban pixels; Based on the simulation layer, with the seed pixel as the center of the moving window, according to the evaluation results of the non-urban pixels, a non-urban pixel in the moving window is converted into an urban pixel, and with the urban pixel as the new center of the moving window, the next non-urban pixel in the moving window is converted into an urban pixel in the same manner, and the process is iterated in a loop until the total area of ​​the newly added patches meets the requirements, and the urban expansion simulation result of the target area is output.

[0077] Optionally, the urban expansion simulation device based on ecological protection further includes: The delineation unit is configured to delineate the urban growth boundary of the target area based on the urban expansion simulation result of the target area.

[0078] Optionally, the training process of the ecosystem service assessment model includes: Obtain sample ecosystem service data for sample areas; Determine the label of the ecosystem service assessment results for the sample area; The sample ecosystem service data is used as a training sample, and the ecosystem service evaluation result label is used as a sample label to train an initial ecosystem service evaluation model. After the training is completed, the ecosystem service evaluation model is obtained.

[0079] Optionally, the training process of the urban expansion simulation model includes: Obtaining sample ecosystem service data for the sample area, determining the sample urban expansion pattern and sample ecosystem service protection pattern for the sample area, and determining the multi-dimensional sample impact factors for the sample area; Inputting the sample ecosystem service data into the ecosystem service assessment model to obtain a sample ecosystem service assessment result of the sample area output by the ecosystem service assessment model; Determine a label of the urban expansion simulation result of the sample area; The sample ecosystem service assessment results, sample urban expansion patterns, sample ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional sample influencing factors are used as training samples, and the urban expansion simulation result labels of the sample areas are used as sample labels to train an initial urban expansion simulation model. After the training is completed, the urban expansion simulation model is obtained.

[0080] It should be noted here that the urban expansion simulation device based on ecological protection provided in the embodiment of the present invention can implement all the method steps implemented in the above-mentioned urban expansion simulation method embodiment based on ecological protection, and can achieve the same technical effects. The parts and beneficial effects of this embodiment that are the same as those of the method embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0081] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 610 , a communications interface 620 , a memory 630 and a communication bus 640 , wherein the processor 610 , the communications interface 620 and the memory 630 communicate with each other via the communication bus 640 . The processor 610 can call the logic instructions in the memory 630 to execute the urban expansion simulation method based on ecological protection, which includes: obtaining ecosystem service data of the target area, determining the urban expansion pattern and ecosystem service protection pattern of the target area, and determining the multi-dimensional influencing factors of the target area; inputting the ecosystem service data into a pre-built ecosystem service assessment model to obtain the ecosystem service assessment results of the target area output by the ecosystem service assessment model; the ecosystem service assessment model is trained based on the sample ecosystem service data of the sample area and the ecosystem service assessment result labels of the sample area; inputting the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion pattern, ecosystem service protection pattern and multi-dimensional influencing factors into a pre-built urban expansion simulation model to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the urban expansion simulation model; the urban expansion simulation model is trained based on the sample ecosystem service assessment results, sample urban expansion pattern, sample ecosystem service protection pattern and multi-dimensional sample influencing factors of the sample area, as well as the urban expansion simulation result labels of the sample area.

[0082] Furthermore, the logic instructions in the aforementioned memory 630 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0083] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, i.e., they may be located in one location or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the objectives of the present embodiment. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will be able to understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.

[0084] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented using software plus a necessary general-purpose hardware platform, or of course, hardware. Based on this understanding, the essence of the above technical solution, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and includes a number of instructions for causing a computer device (such as a personal computer, server, or network device) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or certain portions of the embodiments.

[0085] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for simulating urban expansion based on ecological protection, characterized in that: include: Obtain ecosystem service data for the target area, determine the urban expansion pattern and ecosystem service protection pattern for the target area, and determine the multi-dimensional influencing factors for the target area; Inputting the ecosystem service data into a pre-built ecosystem service assessment model to obtain an ecosystem service assessment result of the target area output by the ecosystem service assessment model; the ecosystem service assessment model is trained based on the sample ecosystem service data of the sample area and the ecosystem service assessment result label of the sample area; The ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion patterns, ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional influencing factors are input into a pre-built urban expansion simulation model to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the urban expansion simulation model; the urban expansion simulation model is trained based on the sample ecosystem service assessment results, sample urban expansion patterns, sample ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional sample influencing factors of the sample area, as well as the urban expansion simulation result labels of the sample area.

2. The urban expansion simulation method based on ecological protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ecosystem service assessment results include standardized scores of multiple ecosystem services; the urban expansion model is organic growth or spontaneous growth; the ecosystem service protection model includes the protection models of the multiple ecosystem services, and the protection model is protection or non-protection; the multidimensional influencing factors include suitability factors, neighborhood image factors and inheritance factors.

3. The urban expansion simulation method based on ecological protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The urban expansion simulation model includes an assessment layer and a simulation layer; Correspondingly, the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion model, ecosystem service protection model and multi-dimensional influencing factors are input into a pre-built urban expansion simulation model to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the urban expansion simulation model, including: Inputting the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion model, ecosystem service protection model and multi-dimensional influencing factors into the assessment layer, and obtaining the assessment results of each non-urban pixel in the target area output by the assessment layer; The evaluation results of the non-urban pixels are input into the simulation layer to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the simulation layer.

4. The urban expansion simulation method based on ecological protection according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion model, ecosystem service protection model and multi-dimensional influencing factors are input into the assessment layer to obtain the assessment results of each non-urban pixel in the target area output by the assessment layer, including: Based on the assessment layer and in accordance with the ecosystem service protection model, determining the weight of the ecosystem service assessment result; Based on the evaluation layer, determining the weights of the multi-dimensional influencing factors; Based on the assessment layer, according to the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion patterns, ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional influencing factors, as well as the weights of the ecosystem service assessment results and the weights of the multi-dimensional influencing factors, the urban expansion probability or development potential of each non-urban pixel is calculated, and the assessment results of each non-urban pixel are output.

5. The urban expansion simulation method based on ecological protection according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Inputting the evaluation results of the non-urban pixels into the simulation layer to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the simulation layer includes: Based on the simulation layer, according to the evaluation results of the non-urban pixels, determining the seed pixels of each newly added patch from the non-urban pixels; Based on the simulation layer, with the seed pixel as the center of the moving window, according to the evaluation results of the non-urban pixels, a non-urban pixel in the moving window is converted into an urban pixel, and with the urban pixel as the new center of the moving window, the next non-urban pixel in the moving window is converted into an urban pixel in the same manner, and the process is iterated in a loop until the total area of ​​the newly added patches meets the requirements, and the urban expansion simulation result of the target area is output.

6. The urban expansion simulation method based on ecological protection according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Based on the urban expansion simulation results of the target area, the urban growth boundary of the target area is delineated.

7. The urban expansion simulation method based on ecological protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The training process of the ecosystem service assessment model includes: Obtain sample ecosystem service data for sample areas; Determine the label of the ecosystem service assessment results for the sample area; The sample ecosystem service data is used as a training sample, and the ecosystem service evaluation result label is used as a sample label to train an initial ecosystem service evaluation model. After the training is completed, the ecosystem service evaluation model is obtained.

8. The urban expansion simulation method based on ecological protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The training process of the urban expansion simulation model includes: Obtaining sample ecosystem service data for the sample area, determining the sample urban expansion pattern and sample ecosystem service protection pattern for the sample area, and determining the multi-dimensional sample impact factors for the sample area; Inputting the sample ecosystem service data into the ecosystem service assessment model to obtain a sample ecosystem service assessment result of the sample area output by the ecosystem service assessment model; Determine a label of the urban expansion simulation result of the sample area; The sample ecosystem service assessment results, sample urban expansion patterns, sample ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional sample influencing factors are used as training samples, and the urban expansion simulation result labels of the sample areas are used as sample labels to train an initial urban expansion simulation model. After the training is completed, the urban expansion simulation model is obtained.

9. An urban expansion simulation device based on ecological protection, characterized in that: include: an acquisition unit, configured to acquire ecosystem service data of a target area, determine an urban expansion pattern and an ecosystem service protection pattern of the target area, and determine multi-dimensional influencing factors of the target area; An evaluation unit is configured to input the ecosystem service data into a pre-built ecosystem service evaluation model to obtain an ecosystem service evaluation result of the target area output by the ecosystem service evaluation model; the ecosystem service evaluation model is trained based on the sample ecosystem service data of the sample area and the ecosystem service evaluation result label of the sample area; A simulation unit is used to input the ecosystem service assessment results, urban expansion patterns, ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional influencing factors into a pre-built urban expansion simulation model to obtain the urban expansion simulation results of the target area output by the urban expansion simulation model; the urban expansion simulation model is trained based on the sample ecosystem service assessment results, sample urban expansion patterns, sample ecosystem service protection patterns and multi-dimensional sample influencing factors of the sample area, as well as the urban expansion simulation result labels of the sample area.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the urban expansion simulation method based on ecological protection as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

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