Gravity flow type discrimination method and device for continental fault lake basin

Abstract

The invention provides a gravity flow type discrimination method and device for a continental fault lake basin, and relates to the technical field of geological exploration. The gravity flow type discrimination method for the continental fault lake basin comprises the following steps: acquiring three-dimensional seismic data, core data and logging data of a target area; the three-dimensional seismic data comprises a seismic reflection structure and a seismic slope; the core data comprises lithofacies characteristics, sedimentary structures, sedimentary sequences and particle size distribution characteristics; determining the gravity flow type of the target area based on the three-dimensional seismic data, the core data, the logging data, the flood type gravity flow characteristics and the slump type gravity flow characteristics; verifying the gravity flow type based on deposition process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification; and in response to verification passing, determining the gravity flow type as a target gravity flow type of the target area. Therefore, the defects of single parameter and insufficient verification in a traditional discrimination method are overcome, and the discrimination efficiency and accuracy of the gravity flow type are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of geological exploration technology, and in particular to a method and device for distinguishing the gravity flow type of a continental fault basin. Background Art

[0002] In oil and gas exploration in continental faulted lake basins, accurately identifying the type of gravity flow is of great theoretical and practical significance. Gravity flow types include flood-type gravity flow and slump-type gravity flow. First, the reservoir characteristics of these two types of gravity flow differ significantly: flood-type gravity flow often forms continuously distributed turbidite sand bodies with good sorting and high porosity (usually greater than 15%), making them high-quality targets for conventional oil and gas reservoirs; slump-type gravity flow often develops lenticular sand-mud mixed reservoirs with strong heterogeneity, but fracture-developed areas may become unconventional oil and gas sweet spots. If the type of gravity flow is misjudged, it will lead to incorrect exploration target selection. For example, mistaking a slump body for a turbidite sand body for a well placement may result in inefficient or ineffective drilling due to reservoir discontinuity. Secondly, the sedimentation mechanisms and hazard risks of these two types of gravity flows differ: flood-type gravity flows carry sediment over long distances and may cause sedimentary overpressure in deepwater areas; landslide-type gravity flows are closely related to slope instability, are highly sudden, and may damage the integrity of the caprock. Accurate identification of gravity flow types can provide a basis for engineering facility site selection and geological disaster warning. In addition, the development strategies for these two types of gravity flows require targeted adjustments: flood-type reservoirs are suitable for horizontal wells and continuous fracturing, while landslide-type reservoirs require directional wells to connect the fracture network. Misjudging the type of gravity flow will lead to the failure of the development plan or a surge in costs. Finally, from a resource evaluation perspective, the calculation of flood-type sandstone resource volume relies on a continuous volume model, while landslide-type reservoirs require quantification of fracture contributions. Misjudging the type of gravity flow may lead to deviations in reserve estimates.

[0003] Traditional methods for identifying the genesis of gravity flows identify the depositional origin of deepwater gravity flows by analyzing the distribution of the long axis of clastic grains in sandstone thin sections. However, this method relies on a single parameter and single core data, making it difficult to fully reflect the differences in sedimentary processes. Furthermore, it is limited to static analysis and lacks dynamic simulation coupled with geological process verification, resulting in a high risk of multiple solutions and difficulty in accurately identifying the type of gravity flow. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides a method and device for distinguishing the gravity flow type of a continental fault basin, so as to at least solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a method for distinguishing the gravity flow type of a continental faulted lake basin is provided, comprising: acquiring three-dimensional seismic data, core data and well logging data of a target area; the three-dimensional seismic data comprising seismic reflection structure and seismic slope; the core data comprising lithologic characteristics, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence and grain size distribution characteristics; the well logging data comprising natural gamma ray logging data and resistivity logging data; determining the gravity flow type of the target area based on the three-dimensional seismic data, core data and well logging data, as well as the characteristics of flood-type gravity flow and slump-type gravity flow; verifying the gravity flow type based on sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification; and determining the gravity flow type as the target gravity flow type of the target area in response to passing the verification.

[0006] In one embodiment, the characteristics of the flood-type gravity flow include: the minimum seismic slope angle is between 0.2° and 3°; the seismic reflection structure is a steep slope broom-shaped reflection structure and continuous progradational reflection; the lithologic characteristics are matrix-supported sandstone, the gravel roundness meets the roundness standard, and contains plant debris; the sedimentary structure is one of positive transition bedding, reverse transition bedding, parallel bedding, cross-bedding, and imbricate structure; the sedimentary sequence is a binary structure from inverse grain sequence to positive grain sequence, and a complete Bouma sequence can be developed; the grain size distribution characteristics are a bimodal histogram and a two-step cumulative probability curve; the logging data shows a resistivity curve that is weakly toothed, high-amplitude box-shaped and / or bell-shaped.

[0007] In one embodiment, the characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow include: the seismic minimum slope angle is between 3° and 8°; the seismic reflection structure is the termination of the slump basement reflection and the liquefaction deformation zone; the lithologic characteristics are mudstone fragments interbedded in massive sandstone and moderate sorting; the sedimentary structure is one of the slump structure, encapsulated bedding, liquefaction deformation structure, and drainage structure; the sedimentary sequence is incomplete and cannot be described by a Bouma sequence; the grain size distribution characteristics are a normal single-peak histogram and an upward arched cumulative probability curve; the logging data is a high-amplitude serrated natural gamma curve, and the resistivity fluctuation is greater than the fluctuation threshold.

[0008] In one embodiment, the gravity flow type is verified based on sedimentation process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir micro-verification, including: for flood-type gravity flow, the KINE3D turbulence model is used to simulate the flood injection process, the flow velocity is stable between 0.8 and 1.2 m / s and the duration is greater than 6 hours, and the concentration gradient is less than 5% / km. If the simulation results are consistent with the geological laws of flood-type gravity flow and the constraints of the physical model, the sedimentation process simulation verification is passed; if the seismic inversion verification results show that the continuity of the wave impedance inversion results meets the target conditions and extends far, the seismic inversion verification is passed; through thin section identification and geochemical analysis methods, it is determined that the chlorite envelope has a development advantage, and the reservoir micro-verification is passed.

[0009] In one embodiment, the gravity flow type is verified based on sedimentation process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir micro-verification, including: for slump-type gravity flow, the Bingham plastic flow model is used to simulate slope instability, the peak flow velocity is greater than 1.5 m / s, and the sediment concentration drops suddenly. If the simulation results meet the characteristics of slump-type gravity flow, the sedimentation process simulation verification is passed; the seismic inversion verification results show that the wave impedance inversion results present a lens-shaped distribution and the continuity does not meet the target conditions, then the seismic inversion verification is passed; through thin section identification and geochemical analysis methods, it is determined that the probability of occurrence of chlorite envelope is less than the target threshold and its development is restricted, then the reservoir micro-verification is passed.

[0010] In one embodiment, the seismic reflection structure includes broom-shaped foreset reflection and landslide basement reflection termination type; the lithologic characteristics include matrix-supported conglomerate and massive sandstone interbedded with mudstone fragments; the sedimentary structure includes graded bedding and landslide deformation structure; the grain size distribution characteristics include bimodal and unimodal types; the resistivity logging data include box-shaped, bell-shaped, and sawtooth-shaped.

[0011] In a second aspect of the present disclosure, a device for distinguishing the gravity flow type of a continental fault basin is provided, comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring three-dimensional seismic data, core data and well logging data of a target area; the three-dimensional seismic data include seismic reflection structure and seismic slope; the core data include lithologic characteristics, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence and grain size distribution characteristics; the well logging data include natural gamma ray logging data and resistivity logging data; a determination module for determining the gravity flow type of the target area based on the three-dimensional seismic data, core data and well logging data, as well as the characteristics of flood-type gravity flow and slump-type gravity flow; a verification module for verifying the gravity flow type based on sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir micro-verification; the determination module is further used to determine the gravity flow type as the target gravity flow type of the target area in response to passing the verification.

[0012] In one embodiment, the characteristics of the flood-type gravity flow include: the minimum seismic slope angle is between 0.2° and 3°; the seismic reflection structure is a steep slope broom-shaped reflection structure and continuous progradational reflection; the lithologic characteristics are matrix-supported sandstone, the gravel roundness meets the roundness standard, and contains plant debris; the sedimentary structure is one of positive transition bedding, reverse transition bedding, parallel bedding, cross-bedding, and imbricate structure; the sedimentary sequence is a binary structure from inverse grain sequence to positive grain sequence, and a complete Bouma sequence can be developed; the grain size distribution characteristics are a bimodal histogram and a two-step cumulative probability curve; the logging data shows a resistivity curve that is weakly toothed, high-amplitude box-shaped and / or bell-shaped.

[0013] In one embodiment, the characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow include: the seismic minimum slope angle is between 3° and 8°; the seismic reflection structure is the termination of the slump basement reflection and the liquefaction deformation zone; the lithologic characteristics are mudstone fragments interbedded in massive sandstone and moderate sorting; the sedimentary structure is one of the slump structure, encapsulated bedding, liquefaction deformation structure, and drainage structure; the sedimentary sequence is incomplete and cannot be described by a Bouma sequence; the grain size distribution characteristics are a normal single-peak histogram and an upward arched cumulative probability curve; the logging data is a high-amplitude serrated natural gamma curve, and the resistivity fluctuation is greater than the fluctuation threshold.

[0014] In one embodiment, the verification module is further used to: for flood-type gravity flow, use the KINE3D turbulence model to simulate the flood injection process, the flow rate is stable between 0.8 and 1.2 m / s and the duration is greater than 6 hours, and the concentration gradient is less than 5% / km. If the simulation results conform to the geological laws of flood-type gravity flow and the constraints of the physical model, then the sedimentation process simulation verification is passed; if the seismic inversion verification results show that the continuity of the wave impedance inversion results meets the target conditions and extends far, then the seismic inversion verification is passed; through thin section identification and geochemical analysis methods, it is determined that the chlorite coating has a development advantage, then the reservoir microscopic verification is passed.

[0015] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an electronic device, including: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor. The instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method described in the present disclosure.

[0016] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions is provided, wherein the computer instructions are used to cause the computer to execute the method described in the present disclosure.

[0017] The present invention discloses a method and device for distinguishing the gravity flow type of a continental faulted lake basin, which obtains three-dimensional seismic data, core data and well logging data of a target area; the three-dimensional seismic data includes seismic reflection structure and seismic slope; the core data includes lithologic characteristics, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence and grain size distribution characteristics; the well logging data includes natural gamma ray logging data and resistivity logging data; the gravity flow type of the target area is determined based on the three-dimensional seismic data, core data and well logging data, as well as the characteristics of flood-type gravity flow and slump-type gravity flow; the gravity flow type is verified based on sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir micro-verification; in response to passing the verification, the gravity flow type is determined as the target gravity flow type of the target area. In this way, the defects of single parameters and insufficient verification in traditional discrimination methods are overcome, and the efficiency and accuracy of gravity flow type discrimination are significantly improved. Specifically, through multi-parameter collaboration, information from multiple data sources is integrated to reduce the risk of multiple solutions; through the coupling of dynamic verification and static verification, numerical simulation is used to verify geological static characteristics, thereby enhancing the reliability of the discrimination results; through reservoir micro-verification, micro-parameters such as chlorite coating are used to provide key basis for oil and gas reservoir evaluation.

[0018] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The above and other objects, features and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will become readily understood by reading the detailed description below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which several embodiments of the present disclosure are shown by way of example and not limitation, wherein: In the drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals denote the same or corresponding parts.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing a flow chart of a method for distinguishing the gravity flow type of a continental faulted lake basin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the lithofacies characteristics and sedimentary structure of Nai 1 Well in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the lithofacies characteristics and sedimentary structure of Well Nai 17 in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 4 The cumulative probability curve of the grain size of the Jiufotang Formation III sand group at 1910.6 m in the Nai 1 well in the embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 The cumulative probability curve of the IV sand group of the Jiufotang Formation at 2399.4 m in Well Nai 17 according to the present invention is shown; Figure 6The figure shows the wave impedance inversion section and sedimentary phase section of the steep slope zone in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 The wave impedance inversion profile and sedimentary phase profile of the gentle slope zone in the embodiment of the present invention are shown; Figure 8 The embodiment of the present invention shows the characteristic image of the chlorite coating of the gravity flow reservoir of Jiufotang Formation in Naiman Sag under scanning electron microscope; Figure 9 A schematic structural diagram of a device for distinguishing the gravity flow type of a continental faulted lake basin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] To make the purposes, features, and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present disclosure without creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0022] Figure 1 FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a method for distinguishing the gravity flow type of a continental fault basin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown in Figure 1, a method for distinguishing the gravity flow type of a continental fault basin includes: Step S101: Acquire 3D seismic data, core data, and well logging data of a target area.

[0023] In this embodiment, 3D seismic data includes seismic reflection structure and seismic slope; core data includes lithofacies characteristics, sedimentary structures, sedimentary sequences, and grain size distribution; and well logging data includes gamma ray and resistivity logging data. The target area can be a continental faulted lake basin, and seismic exploration techniques can be used to acquire 3D seismic data for the target area. 3D seismic data reveals the structure of the subsurface strata by analyzing the reflection and refraction characteristics of seismic waves as they propagate underground. Specifically, 3D seismic data includes seismic reflection structures, such as broom-shaped foreset reflections and slump basement reflection termination types, as well as seismic slope parameters, which reflect the inclination and morphology of the strata. Core samples can be obtained through drilling and analyzed in detail. Core data reveals the sedimentary environment, hydrodynamic conditions, provenance characteristics, and diagenetic evolution of the strata. Well logging data can be collected during drilling, including gamma ray and resistivity curve morphology. Gamma ray logging data reflects the radioactivity of the strata, while resistivity logging data provides information on the electrical properties of the strata. Well logging data is crucial for identifying reservoir properties and fluid saturation.

[0024] Step S102 : determining the gravity flow type of the target area based on the 3D seismic data, core data, and well logging data, as well as the characteristics of the flood-type gravity flow and the characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow.

[0025] In this embodiment, a multi-parameter fusion discrimination can be performed based on 3D seismic data, core data, and well logging data, as well as the characteristics of flood-type gravity flow and slump-type gravity flow, to determine the gravity flow type in the target area. In one example, if the 3D seismic data, core data, and well logging data are more consistent with the characteristics of flood-type gravity flow, then the gravity flow type in the target area is flood-type gravity flow; if the 3D seismic data, core data, and well logging data are more consistent with the characteristics of slump-type gravity flow, then the gravity flow type in the target area is slump-type gravity flow.

[0026] Step S103: Verify the gravity flow type based on sedimentation process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification.

[0027] In this embodiment, the gravity flow type obtained in step S102 can be verified by combining sedimentation process simulation, seismic inversion verification, and reservoir microscopic verification. Sedimentation process simulation verifies the rationality of the gravity flow type by simulating the sediment transport and deposition process. Seismic inversion verification verifies the seismic characteristics of the gravity flow type using seismic data inversion results. Reservoir microscopic verification verifies the reservoir characteristics of the gravity flow type by analyzing the microstructure and geochemical characteristics of core samples.

[0028] Step S104 : In response to the verification being passed, determining the gravity flow type as the target gravity flow type of the target area.

[0029] In this embodiment, if the gravity flow type is consistent with the results of sedimentation process simulation, seismic inversion verification, and reservoir microscopic verification, the gravity flow type is determined as the target gravity flow type of the target area.

[0030] In this disclosure, by comprehensively utilizing three-dimensional seismic data, core data and logging data, combined with sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir micro-verification, the gravity flow type is finally determined, overcoming the defects of single parameters and insufficient verification in traditional discrimination methods, and significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of gravity flow type discrimination. Among them, through multi-parameter collaboration, information from multiple data sources is integrated to reduce the risk of multi-solution; through the coupling of dynamic verification and static verification, numerical simulation is used to verify geological static characteristics, thereby enhancing the reliability of the discrimination results; through reservoir micro-verification, micro-parameters such as chlorite coating are used to provide key basis for oil and gas reservoir evaluation.

[0031] In another embodiment, the “characteristics of flood-type gravity flow” in step S102 include: The minimum seismic slope angle is between 0.2° and 3°. In flood-type gravity flows, because sediments are deposited under relatively low-energy conditions, the minimum slope angle reflected on the seismic profile is usually smaller, between 0.2° and 3°.

[0032] Seismic reflection structures include steep slope broom-like reflections and continuous foreset reflections. Flood-type gravity flows may show steep slope broom-like reflections on seismic profiles, reflecting sediment deposition on steep slopes. Furthermore, continuous foreset reflections indicate continuous sediment deposition during the flood event, forming a continuous reflective layer.

[0033] The lithofacies are characterized by matrix-supported conglomerate, gravel roundness that meets the roundness standard, and the presence of plant debris. The lithofacies of flood-type gravity flows typically include matrix-supported conglomerate, composed of grains of varying sizes. The well-rounded gravels indicate long-distance transport. Additionally, the lithofacies may contain plant debris, evidence of organic material deposited by the flood.

[0034] Sedimentary structures are one of normal gradation, reverse gradation, parallel stratification, cross-stratification, and imbrication. Sedimentary structures in flood-type gravity flows vary and may include normal gradation (grain size decreases from bottom to top), reverse gradation (grain size increases), parallel stratification, cross-stratification, or imbrication.

[0035] The sedimentary sequence exhibits a binary structure, from inverse to normal grain order, and is capable of developing a complete Bouma sequence. Sedimentary sequences of flood-type gravity flows typically transition from inverse grain order (larger grains at the bottom, smaller grains at the top) to normal grain order, forming a binary structure that can potentially lead to the development of a complete Bouma sequence. The Bouma sequence is a typical turbidity current sedimentary sequence consisting of five phases: Phase A (erosional basement), Phase B (massive sandstone), Phase C (inverse grain order sandstone), Phase D (normal grain order sandstone), and Phase E (mudstone caprock).

[0036] The particle size distribution is characterized by a bimodal histogram and a two-step cumulative probability curve. Flood-type gravity flow typically exhibits a bimodal histogram, reflecting the presence of two different particle size populations in the sediment. The two-step cumulative probability curve indicates a clear particle size separation in the sediment.

[0037] Well logging data shows a weakly toothed, high-amplitude box and / or bell-shaped resistivity curve. Well logging data from areas of flood-type gravity flow may show a weakly toothed resistivity curve, with small resistivity variations and high resistivity values, forming a box or bell-shaped curve. These electrical characteristics are associated with high-porosity and permeability reservoirs deposited by flood-type gravity flow.

[0038] This paper presents clear criteria and methods for identifying flood-type gravity flows by analyzing their characteristics. These characteristics, including comprehensive analysis of seismic, core, and well logging data, help improve the accuracy of gravity flow identification. Furthermore, identifying these characteristics helps better understand the depositional environment and dynamics of flood-type gravity flows, providing important geological information for oil and gas exploration and development.

[0039] In another embodiment, the “characteristics of slump-type gravity flow” in step S102 include: The minimum slope angle of earthquakes is between 3° and 8°. Slump-type gravity flows are usually associated with steeper slopes, so the minimum slope angle on their seismic profiles is larger, generally between 3° and 8°.

[0040] Seismic reflection structures are characterized by the termination of basement reflections and liquefaction deformation zones. Slump-type gravity flows may manifest on seismic profiles as the termination of basement reflections, often due to the rapid accumulation of sediments on a slope. Furthermore, the presence of liquefaction deformation zones suggests plastic flow of sediments during the sliding process. For example, a seismic profile showing an abrupt termination of basement reflections accompanied by signs of liquefaction deformation may be indicative of a slump-type gravity flow.

[0041] Lithofacies are characterized by massive sandstone intercalated with mudstone fragments and moderate sorting. Lithofacies of slump-type gravity flows may include massive sandstone intercalated with mudstone fragments, a structure that reflects mixing of sediments during the sliding process. Moderate sorting indicates that the sediments were not transported or sorted over long distances before deposition.

[0042] Sedimentary structures are one of the following: slump structures, encapsulated bedding, liquefaction-deformation structures, and drainage structures. Sedimentary structures associated with slump-type gravity flows may include slump structures, encapsulated bedding, liquefaction-deformation structures, or drainage structures. These structures reflect the dynamic behavior of sediments during sliding and accumulation.

[0043] The sedimentary sequence is incomplete and cannot be described by a Bouma sequence. The sedimentary sequence of slump-type gravity flows is often incomplete and cannot be described by a Bouma sequence. This indicates that there were many disturbances and discontinuities during the sedimentation process.

[0044] The particle size distribution is characterized by a normal unimodal histogram and an upward-arching cumulative probability curve. The particle size distribution of slump-type gravity flows typically exhibits a normal unimodal histogram and an upward-arching cumulative probability curve. These characteristics reflect the relative uniformity of sediment particle size during the deposition process.

[0045] Well logging data show high-amplitude jagged patterns in the natural gamma-ray curve, with resistivity fluctuations exceeding the threshold. Well logging data in areas of slump-type gravity flow may also show high-amplitude jagged patterns in the natural gamma-ray curve, with significant resistivity fluctuations. These electrical characteristics are associated with the complexity and heterogeneity of slump-type gravity flow deposits.

[0046] This paper presents clear criteria and methods for identifying slump-type gravity flows by analyzing their characteristics. These characteristics, including comprehensive analysis of seismic, core, and well logging data, help improve the accuracy of gravity flow identification. Furthermore, identifying these characteristics helps better understand the depositional environment and dynamics of slump-type gravity flows, providing important geological information for oil and gas exploration and development.

[0047] In another embodiment, step S103 “verifying the gravity flow type based on sedimentation process simulation, seismic inversion verification, and reservoir microscopic verification” includes: For flood-type gravity flow, the KINE3D turbulence model is used to simulate the flood injection process. The flow velocity is stable between 0.8 and 1.2 m / s and lasts for more than 6 hours. The concentration gradient is less than 5% / km. If the simulation results are consistent with the geological laws of flood-type gravity flow and the physical model constraints, the sedimentation process simulation is verified to be successful. If the seismic inversion verification results show that the continuity of the wave impedance inversion results meets the target conditions and extends far, the seismic inversion verification is passed; Through thin section identification and geochemical analysis methods, it was determined that the chlorite coating has development advantages, and the reservoir microscopic verification was passed.

[0048] In this example, to verify flood-type gravity flow, the KINE3D turbulence model was first used to simulate the flood injection process. The KINE3D turbulence model simulates fluid dynamics, including changes in flow velocity and sediment concentration. In the simulation, the flow velocity was between 0.8 and 1.2 m / s and maintained for more than 6 hours, while the concentration gradient was less than 5% / km. If the simulation results conformed to the geological laws of flood-type gravity flow and the physical model constraints, the sedimentation simulation was verified to be successful.

[0049] In this embodiment, the inversion results of the seismic data can also be analyzed, especially the continuity of the wave impedance. If the wave impedance inversion results show good continuity and extend over a long distance, it indicates that the seismic characteristics are consistent with the expected characteristics of flood-type gravity flow, thus passing the verification.

[0050] In this example, thin section analysis and geochemical analysis of the core samples can also be performed to determine the extent of chlorite coating development. The presence and extent of chlorite coatings can reflect the depositional environment and fluid properties. If the analysis results show a predominance of chlorite coatings, this is consistent with a flood-type gravity flow depositional environment, thus confirming the reservoir microscopic verification.

[0051] In another embodiment, step S103 “verifying the gravity flow type based on sedimentation process simulation, seismic inversion verification, and reservoir microscopic verification” includes: For slump-type gravity flow, the Bingham plastic flow model is used to simulate slope instability, with a peak flow velocity greater than 1.5 m / s and a sudden drop in sediment concentration. If the simulation results meet the characteristics of slump-type gravity flow, the sedimentation process simulation is verified to be successful. The seismic inversion verification results show that the wave impedance inversion results present a lens-shaped distribution and the continuity does not meet the target conditions, so the seismic inversion verification passes; Through thin section identification and geochemical analysis methods, it was determined that the probability of occurrence of chlorite envelope was less than the target threshold and its development was restricted, and the reservoir microscopic verification was passed.

[0052] In this example, the Bingham plastic flow model was used to simulate the slope instability process during the verification of slump-type gravity flow. This model is suitable for describing the behavior of high-velocity, high-concentration fluids. In the simulation, the peak flow velocity was set to greater than 1.5 m / s, and a sudden drop in sediment concentration was observed, which is consistent with the deposition characteristics of slump-type gravity flow, indicating that the deposition process simulation was verified.

[0053] In this embodiment, the inversion results of the seismic data, particularly the distribution of wave impedance, must also be analyzed. If the wave impedance inversion results show a lens-shaped distribution and the continuity does not meet the target conditions, that is, the continuity is poor, it indicates that the seismic characteristics are consistent with the expected characteristics of a slump-type gravity flow, and thus the verification is passed.

[0054] In this example, thin section identification and geochemical analysis of the core samples are also required to determine the probability and extent of the chlorite coating. If the analysis results show that the probability of chlorite coating is less than the target threshold and its development is limited, this is consistent with the depositional environment of slump-type gravity flow, and the reservoir microscopic verification is passed.

[0055] This paper presents a comprehensive method for verifying gravity flow types through sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion, and reservoir microscopic verification. This method not only improves the accuracy and reliability of gravity flow type identification but also enhances the geological applicability of the results through multi-step verification. Furthermore, this method helps optimize exploration strategies, reduce exploration costs, and increase the discovery rate and development efficiency of oil and gas resources.

[0056] In another embodiment, the seismic reflection structure includes broom-shaped progradational reflection and landslide basement reflection termination types; the lithologic characteristics include matrix-supported conglomerate and massive sandstone interbedded with mudstone fragments; the sedimentary structure includes graded bedding and landslide deformation structure; the grain size distribution characteristics include bimodal and unimodal types; and the resistivity logging data include box-shaped, bell-shaped, and serrated types.

[0057] In this embodiment, seismic reflection structures include broom-shaped progradational reflections and slump basement reflection termination types. The broom-shaped progradational reflection structure is typically associated with flood-type gravity flows and manifests as a series of continuous reflection layers inclined toward the basin on the seismic profile. This structure reflects the rapid deposition of sediments under high-energy conditions. In practical applications, identifying this reflection structure can indicate the presence of flood-type gravity flows. The slump basement reflection termination type is associated with slump-type gravity flows and manifests as the abrupt termination or onlap of basement reflections on the seismic profile. This structure reflects the rapid accumulation of sediments during slope instability. In seismic data interpretation, identifying this reflection termination type helps confirm the deposition of slump-type gravity flows.

[0058] In this embodiment, the lithologic characteristics include matrix-supported conglomerate and massive sandstone interbedded with mudstone fragments. Matrix-supported conglomerate usually indicates a high-energy sedimentary environment, such as a flood-type gravity flow; massive sandstone interbedded with mudstone fragments may be associated with a slump-type gravity flow, manifested as mudstone fragments interbedded in the massive sandstone.

[0059] In this embodiment, the sedimentary structure includes transitional bedding and slump deformation structure, among which the transitional bedding may be related to flood-type gravity flow, manifested as a gradual change from coarse grains to fine grains. During the sedimentation process, as the energy decreases, the particle size gradually decreases; the slump deformation structure is related to slump-type gravity flow, manifested as folds, fractures and other deformation characteristics of the rock strata.

[0060] In this embodiment, the particle size distribution characteristics include bimodal and unimodal types. The bimodal particle size distribution characteristics may indicate the existence of two sediment populations with different particle sizes, which is commonly seen in flood-type gravity flows; the unimodal particle size distribution characteristics may be related to landslide-type gravity flows, which are characterized by a relatively uniform particle size distribution.

[0061] In this embodiment, the resistivity logging data includes box-type, bell-type, and sawtooth-type. Among them, the box-type resistivity curve morphology may be related to flood-type gravity flow, reflecting the reservoir characteristics of high porosity and high permeability; the bell-shaped resistivity curve morphology may indicate the presence of changes in fluid saturation in the reservoir, which is common in reservoirs deposited by flood-type gravity flow; the sawtooth-shaped resistivity curve morphology may be related to slump-type gravity flow, reflecting the complexity of sand and mud interlayers in the reservoir.

[0062] In order to facilitate the understanding of the method for distinguishing the gravity flow type of a continental fault lake basin in the present disclosure, the present disclosure is explained below using the gravity flow type distinction of the Jiufotang Formation in the northern Naiman Sag as an example: 1. Data collection and feature extraction 3D seismic data analysis: Landmark software was used to extract seismic attributes from the target interval (the lower Jiufotang Formation) and calculate paleotopographic slope. Using the Dip Scan algorithm, time slice T22 (corresponding to the top of the lower Jiufotang Formation) was selected. The western steep slope zone was identified to have a slope of 10.8° to 13.9°, with an average slope of 12.5°. The eastern gentle slope zone had a slope range of 5.6° to 7.4°, with an average slope of 6.8°. Clear overshoot points of basement reflections were identified along the northwest-southeast (northwest-southeast) direction in the western steep slope zone. Continuous progradational reflections were identified along the southeast-northwest (southeast-northwest) direction in the eastern gentle slope zone.

[0063] Core data analysis: Figure 2 The lithofacies characteristics and sedimentary structure diagram of the Nai 1 well in the embodiment of the present disclosure are shown in FIG. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the core of Nai 1 well (1904.8-1913.6m) in the western steep slope zone shows deformed bedding tuffaceous mud sandstone 1, deformed bedding mud sandstone 2, entrained bedding mud sandstone 3 and mudstone tear clast massive sandstone 4. Figure 4 The cumulative probability curve of the grain size of the Jiufotang Formation III sand group at 1910.6 m in the Nai 1 well according to the present invention is shown as follows: Figure 4 As shown in Figure 2, the histogram of Well Nai 1 presents a unimodal normal distribution, and the particle size cumulative probability curve is mainly characterized by a wide and gentle upward arching one-stage or three-stage distribution. Figure 3 The lithofacies characteristics and sedimentary structure diagram of Nai 17 well in the embodiment of the present disclosure are shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the core of Nai 17 well (2392.9-2404.4m) in the eastern gentle slope zone shows matrix-supported imbricate fine conglomerates 5 and 6, matrix-supported cross-bedded fine conglomerate 7, and matrix-supported massive fine conglomerate 8. Figure 5 The cumulative probability curve of the IV sand group of the Jiufotang Formation at 2399.4 m in Well Nai 17 according to the present invention is shown. Figure 5 As shown in Figure 2, the histogram of Well Nai 17 presents a bimodal or even multimodal state, and the particle size cumulative probability curve mostly presents a two-segment feature with a medium slope, indicating the development of a complete Bouma sequence.

[0064] Well logging data analysis shows that the gamma ray (GR) curve of Well Nai 1, a core well in the western steep slope zone, exhibits a jagged fluctuation pattern. The resistivity (RT) of Well Nai 17, a core well in the eastern gentle slope zone, exhibits a high-amplitude box-shaped pattern (with an amplitude difference of 25 Ω·m). The corresponding sandstone sections have an average RT of 35 Ω·m, while the mudstone sections have an RT of 8 Ω·m. The spontaneous potential (SP) in the sandstone sections has a negative anomaly amplitude of up to 40 mV, reflecting high permeability.

[0065] 2. Multi-parameter fusion discrimination In the western steep slope zone, 3D seismic data show a slope range of 10.8° to 13.9°, with an average slope of 12.5°. This steep slope suggests the development of slump-type gravity flows. Clear overshoots on the basement reflection are identified along the NW-SE direction, characteristic of slump-type gravity flows. Core data reveal entrained bedding argillaceous sandstone, deformed bedding tuffaceous argillaceous sandstone, deformed bedding argillaceous sandstone, and mudstone rip clast massive sandstone, consistent with the typical lithofacies and sedimentary structures of slump-type gravity flows. The histogram shows a unimodal normal distribution, and the cumulative probability curve for grain size is characterized by a broad, gently arching, one- or three-segment distribution, indicating a high degree of mixing between the jumping and suspended populations, consistent with the grain size characteristics of slump-type gravity flows. The natural gamma ray (GR) curve of Well Nai 1 exhibits jagged fluctuations, reflecting frequent sand-mud interbedding, characteristic of slump-type gravity flows. In summary, the fusion of multiple parameters indicates that landslide-type gravity flow develops in the western steep slope area.

[0066] In the eastern gentle slope zone, the slope range is 5.6° to 7.4° according to 3D seismic data, with an average slope of 6.8°. The slope is relatively small, which has the conditions for the development of flood-type and slump-type gravity flows. In addition, the continuous progradation reflection characteristics consistent with flood-type gravity flows are identified in the SE-NW direction. The core shows matrix-supported imbricate fine conglomerates, matrix-supported cross-bedded fine conglomerates, and matrix-supported massive fine conglomerates. The lithofacies and sedimentary structural characteristics are consistent with those of flood-type gravity flows. The sedimentary sequence is also consistent with that of slump-type gravity flows. The histogram shows bimodal or even multimodal patterns, and the grain size cumulative probability curves often exhibit a two-segment pattern with a moderate slope, consistent with the deposition of flood-type gravity flow. Well logging data show that the resistivity (RT) of Well Nai 17 exhibits a high-amplitude box-shaped pattern (with a 25Ω·m amplitude difference), corresponding to an average RT of 35Ω·m in the sandstone sections and 8Ω·m in the mudstone sections. The negative amplitude of the spontaneous potential sandstone sections reaches 40mV, reflecting high permeability, also consistent with the deposition of flood-type gravity flow. In summary, multi-parameter fusion indicates the development of flood-type gravity flow in the eastern gentle slope belt.

[0067] 3. Dynamic-static cross validation This example verifies the above discrimination results through seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification: In seismic inversion, the results of wave impedance inversion are used to reveal the vertical distribution characteristics of gravity flows of different genetic mechanisms in the Jiufotang Formation in the test area. Figure 6 The impedance inversion profile and sedimentary phase profile of the steep slope zone in the embodiment of the present invention are shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the sedimentary sand bodies at the front of the fan delta on the slope of the western steep slope belt are retrograde, and the front end of the front sand body is lens-shaped and distributed at the bottom of the slope and the downthrown plate of the syn-sedimentary fault, with poor continuity, which is consistent with the characteristics of slump-type gravity flow sand bodies. Figure 7 The wave impedance inversion profile and sedimentary phase profile of the gentle slope zone in the embodiment of the present invention are shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the wave impedance inversion profile on the eastern gentle slope side shows that the sand body has good continuity and extends far from the slope to the trough. It is formed by the combination of braided river delta front sand body and flood-type gravity flow sand body.

[0068] In terms of reservoir microscopic characteristics, Figure 8 FIG1 shows a characteristic image of chlorite coating of the gravity flow reservoir of Jiufotang Formation in Naiman Sag under scanning electron microscope in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG1. Figure 8 As shown, scanning electron microscopy revealed flocculent chlorite coatings 9 at 1982.4 m, needle-like chlorite coatings 10 at 1984 m, bamboo-leaf-like chlorite coatings 11 at 2394.5 m, and needle-like chlorite coatings 12 at 2396.1 m in the eastern gentle slope zone of Well Nai 17. No secondary enlargement of quartz was observed. No chlorite coatings were observed in cored wells in the western steep slope zone.

[0069] Through the above three-stage coupling architecture, combined with seismic, core, well logging identification and seismic inversion verification, it can be determined that landslide-type gravity flow develops in the western steep slope zone, and flood-type gravity flow develops in the eastern gentle slope zone.

[0070] Figure 9 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a structure of a device for distinguishing the gravity flow type of a continental fault lake basin according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 9 As shown, a device for distinguishing the gravity flow type of a continental fault basin includes: Acquisition module 90 is used to acquire 3D seismic data, core data, and well logging data of the target area; 3D seismic data includes seismic reflection structure and seismic slope; core data includes lithofacies characteristics, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence, and grain size distribution characteristics; well logging data includes natural gamma ray logging data and resistivity logging data; A determination module 91 is configured to determine the type of gravity flow in the target area based on 3D seismic data, core data, and well logging data, as well as characteristics of flood-type gravity flow and characteristics of slump-type gravity flow; Verification module 92, for verifying the gravity flow type based on sedimentation process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification; The determination module 91 is further configured to determine the gravity flow type as the target gravity flow type of the target area in response to the verification being passed.

[0071] In one embodiment, the characteristics of flood-type gravity flow include: the minimum seismic slope angle is between 0.2° and 3°; the seismic reflection structure is a steep slope with broom-shaped reflection structure and continuous progradational reflection; the lithologic characteristics are matrix-supported sandstone, the gravel roundness meets the roundness standard, and contains plant debris; the sedimentary structure is one of positive transition bedding, reverse transition bedding, parallel bedding, cross-bedding, and imbricate structure; the sedimentary sequence is a binary structure from inverse grain sequence to positive grain sequence, and a complete Bouma sequence can be developed; the grain size distribution characteristics are a bimodal histogram and a two-step cumulative probability curve; the logging data shows a resistivity curve that is weakly toothed, high-amplitude box-shaped and / or bell-shaped.

[0072] In one embodiment, the characteristics of slump-type gravity flow include: the minimum seismic slope angle is between 3° and 8°; the seismic reflection structure is the termination of the slump basement reflection and the liquefaction deformation zone; the lithologic characteristics are mudstone fragments interbedded in massive sandstone and moderate sorting; the sedimentary structure is one of the slump structure, encapsulated bedding, liquefaction deformation structure, and drainage structure; the sedimentary sequence is incomplete and cannot be described by a Bouma sequence; the grain size distribution characteristics are a normal single-peak histogram and an upward arched cumulative probability curve; the logging data is a high-amplitude serrated natural gamma curve, and the resistivity fluctuation is greater than the fluctuation threshold.

[0073] In one embodiment, the verification module 92 is further used to: for flood-type gravity flow, use the KINE3D turbulence model to simulate the flood injection process, the flow rate is stable between 0.8 and 1.2 m / s and the duration is greater than 6 hours, and the concentration gradient is less than 5% / km. If the simulation results conform to the geological laws of flood-type gravity flow and the constraints of the physical model, then the sedimentation process simulation verification is passed; if the seismic inversion verification results show that the continuity of the wave impedance inversion results meets the target conditions and extends far, then the seismic inversion verification is passed; through thin section identification and geochemical analysis methods, it is determined that the chlorite envelope has development advantages, then the reservoir micro-verification is passed.

[0074] In one embodiment, the verification module 92 is further used to: for slump-type gravity flow, use the Bingham plastic flow model to simulate slope instability, with a peak flow velocity greater than 1.5 m / s and a sudden drop in sediment concentration. If the simulation results meet the characteristics of slump-type gravity flow, then the sedimentation process simulation verification is passed; if the seismic inversion verification results show that the wave impedance inversion results present a lens-shaped distribution and the continuity does not meet the target conditions, then the seismic inversion verification is passed; through thin section identification and geochemical analysis methods, it is determined that the probability of the occurrence of chlorite envelope is less than the target threshold and its development is restricted, then the reservoir microscopic verification is passed.

[0075] In one possible embodiment, the seismic reflection structure includes broom-shaped foreset reflection and landslide basement reflection termination type; the lithologic characteristics include matrix-supported conglomerate and massive sandstone interbedded with mudstone fragments; the sedimentary structure includes graded bedding and landslide deformation structure; the grain size distribution characteristics include bimodal and unimodal types; and the resistivity logging data include box-shaped, bell-shaped, and serrated types.

[0076] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the present disclosure also provides an electronic device and a readable storage medium.

[0077] Figure 10 A schematic block diagram of an example electronic device 800 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are provided as examples only and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present disclosure described and / or claimed herein.

[0078] like Figure 10 As shown, electronic device 800 includes a computing unit 801, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 802 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 808 into a random access memory (RAM) 803. RAM 803 may also store various programs and data required for the operation of electronic device 800. Computing unit 801, ROM 802, and RAM 803 are interconnected via a bus 804. An input / output (I / O) interface 805 is also connected to bus 804.

[0079] Multiple components in the electronic device 800 are connected to the I / O interface 805, including an input unit 806, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 807, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 808, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 809, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 809 allows the electronic device 800 to exchange information / data with other devices via a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0080] The computing unit 801 can be any general-purpose and / or specialized processing component with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 801 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various specialized artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 801 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as a method for distinguishing the gravity flow type in a continental faulted lake basin. For example, in some embodiments, a method for distinguishing the gravity flow type in a continental faulted lake basin can be implemented as a computer software program tangibly embodied in a machine-readable medium, such as a storage unit 808. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 800 via the ROM 802 and / or the communication unit 809. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 803 and executed by the computing unit 801, one or more steps of the method for distinguishing the gravity flow type in a continental faulted lake basin described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 801 may be configured in any other appropriate manner (eg, by means of firmware) to execute a method for distinguishing the gravity flow type of a continental fault basin.

[0081] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), system-on-chip systems (SOCs), programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include being implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and / or interpreted on a programmable system that includes at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0082] The program code for implementing the method of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device so that when the program code is executed by the processor or controller, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0083] In the context of the present disclosure, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media may include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0084] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0085] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such back-end components, middleware components, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and the Internet.

[0086] A computer system may include a client and a server. The client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The client-server relationship arises through computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, a server in a distributed system, or a server integrated with a blockchain.

[0087] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solutions of this disclosure can be achieved, and this document is not limited here.

[0088] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. Throughout the present disclosure, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0089] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for distinguishing the gravity flow type of a continental fault basin, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquire 3D seismic data, core data, and well logging data for the target area; the 3D seismic data includes seismic reflection structure and seismic slope; the core data includes lithofacies characteristics, sedimentary structures, sedimentary sequences, and grain size distribution characteristics; and the well logging data includes natural gamma ray logging data and resistivity logging data; Determining the gravity flow type of the target area based on the three-dimensional seismic data, core data, and well logging data, as well as characteristics of flood-type gravity flow and characteristics of slump-type gravity flow; Verify the gravity flow type based on sedimentary process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification; In response to the verification being passed, the gravity flow type is determined as the target gravity flow type of the target area.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The characteristics of the flood-type gravity flow include: The minimum slope angle for earthquakes is between 0.2° and 3°; The seismic reflection structure is a steep-slope broom-shaped reflection structure and continuous progradational reflection; The lithofacies characteristics are matrices-supported sandy conglomerate, gravel roundness meeting the roundness standard, and containing plant debris; The sedimentary structure is one of positive gradation bedding, reverse gradation bedding, parallel bedding, cross bedding, and imbrication; The sedimentary sequence is a binary structure from inverse grain order to normal grain order, which can develop a complete Bouma sequence; The particle size distribution is characterized by a bimodal histogram and a two-step cumulative probability curve. The well logging data shows that the resistivity curve is weakly toothed, high-amplitude box-shaped and / or bell-shaped.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow include: The minimum earthquake slope angle is between 3° and 8°; The seismic reflection structure is the slump basement reflection termination and liquefaction deformation zone; The lithofacies characteristics are massive sandstone with mudstone fragments and moderate sorting; The sedimentary structure is one of a slump structure, a convoluted bedding structure, a liquefaction deformation structure, and a drainage structure; The sedimentary sequence is incomplete and cannot be described by the Bouma sequence; The particle size distribution is characterized by a normal single-peak histogram and an upward-arching cumulative probability curve. The logging data shows a high-amplitude sawtooth shape in the natural gamma-ray curve, and the resistivity fluctuation is greater than the fluctuation threshold.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The verification of the gravity flow type based on sedimentation process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification includes: For flood-type gravity flow, the KINE3D turbulence model is used to simulate the flood injection process. The flow velocity is stable between 0.8 and 1.2 m / s and lasts for more than 6 hours. The concentration gradient is less than 5% / km. If the simulation results are consistent with the geological laws of flood-type gravity flow and the physical model constraints, the sedimentation process simulation is verified to be successful. If the seismic inversion verification results show that the continuity of the wave impedance inversion results meets the target conditions and extends far, the seismic inversion verification is passed; Through thin section identification and geochemical analysis methods, it was determined that the chlorite coating has development advantages, and the reservoir microscopic verification was passed.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The verification of the gravity flow type based on sedimentation process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification includes: For slump-type gravity flow, the Bingham plastic flow model is used to simulate slope instability, with a peak flow velocity greater than 1.5 m / s and a sudden drop in sediment concentration. If the simulation results meet the characteristics of slump-type gravity flow, the sedimentation process simulation is verified to be successful. The seismic inversion verification results show that the wave impedance inversion results present a lens-shaped distribution and the continuity does not meet the target conditions, so the seismic inversion verification passes; Through thin section identification and geochemical analysis methods, it was determined that the probability of occurrence of chlorite envelope was less than the target threshold and its development was restricted, and the reservoir microscopic verification was passed.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The seismic reflection structure includes broom-shaped progradation reflection and slump basement reflection termination type; The lithofacies characteristics include matrix-supported conglomerate, massive sandstone interbedded with mudstone fragments; The sedimentary structures include graded bedding and slump deformation structures; The particle size distribution characteristics include bimodal and unimodal; The resistivity logging data includes box-shaped, bell-shaped, and sawtooth-shaped data.

7. A device for distinguishing the gravity flow type of a continental fault basin, characterized in that: The device comprises: An acquisition module is configured to acquire three-dimensional seismic data, core data, and well logging data of a target area; the three-dimensional seismic data includes seismic reflection structure and seismic slope; the core data includes lithofacies characteristics, sedimentary structure, sedimentary sequence, and grain size distribution characteristics; and the well logging data includes natural gamma ray logging data and resistivity logging data; a determination module, configured to determine the type of gravity flow in the target area based on the three-dimensional seismic data, the core data, and the well logging data, as well as the characteristics of the flood-type gravity flow and the characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow; A verification module, for verifying the gravity flow type based on sedimentation process simulation, seismic inversion verification and reservoir microscopic verification; The determination module is further configured to, in response to the verification being passed, determine the gravity flow type as the target gravity flow type of the target area.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The characteristics of the flood-type gravity flow include: The minimum slope angle for earthquakes is between 0.2° and 3°; The seismic reflection structure is a steep-slope broom-shaped reflection structure and continuous progradational reflection; The lithofacies characteristics are matrices-supported sandy conglomerate, gravel roundness meeting the roundness standard, and containing plant debris; The sedimentary structure is one of positive gradation bedding, reverse gradation bedding, parallel bedding, cross bedding, and imbrication; The sedimentary sequence is a binary structure from inverse grain order to normal grain order, which can develop a complete Bouma sequence; The particle size distribution is characterized by a bimodal histogram and a two-step cumulative probability curve. The well logging data shows that the resistivity curve is weakly toothed, high-amplitude box-shaped and / or bell-shaped.

9. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The characteristics of the slump-type gravity flow include: The minimum slope angle for earthquakes is between 3° and 8°; The seismic reflection structure is the slump basement reflection termination and liquefaction deformation zone; The lithofacies characteristics are massive sandstone with mudstone fragments and moderate sorting; The sedimentary structure is one of a slump structure, a convoluted bedding structure, a liquefaction deformation structure, and a drainage structure; The sedimentary sequence is incomplete and cannot be described by the Bouma sequence; The particle size distribution is characterized by a normal single-peak histogram and an upward-arching cumulative probability curve. The logging data shows a high-amplitude sawtooth shape in the natural gamma-ray curve, and the resistivity fluctuation is greater than the fluctuation threshold.

10. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The verification module is further configured to: For flood-type gravity flow, the KINE3D turbulence model is used to simulate the flood injection process. The flow velocity is stable between 0.8 and 1.2 m / s and lasts for more than 6 hours. The concentration gradient is less than 5% / km. If the simulation results are consistent with the geological laws of flood-type gravity flow and the physical model constraints, the sedimentation process simulation is verified to be successful. If the seismic inversion verification results show that the continuity of the wave impedance inversion results meets the target conditions and extends far, the seismic inversion verification is passed; Through thin section identification and geochemical analysis methods, it was determined that the chlorite coating has development advantages, and the reservoir microscopic verification was passed.

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