Hip joint surface replacement prosthesis suitable for serious acetabular defect

Abstract

The invention provides a hip joint surface replacement prosthesis suitable for severe acetabulum defects, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments. The three-wing acetabulum outer cup prosthesis is made of metal cobalt-chromium-molybdenum materials, a titanium alloy coating and a hydroxyapatite coating are arranged on the surface of the three-wing acetabulum outer cup prosthesis, and the coatings are of a micropore structure. The upper wing, the middle wing and the lower wing are connected to the circumferential surface of the three-wing acetabulum outer cup prosthesis in a sliding mode; the upper wing, the middle wing and the lower wing of the hip joint surface replacement prosthesis are designed into shapes matched with a bone anatomical structure of a patient, so that the prosthesis can be tightly attached to an acetabulum area of the patient. According to the personalized adaptive design, necessary initial stability is immediately provided after an operation, a solid foundation is laid for early movement and recovery of a patient after the operation through a multi-point fixing mechanism, and the risk of complications caused by prosthesis looseness is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a hip joint surface replacement prosthesis suitable for severe acetabulum defects. Background Art

[0002] Severe acetabular defects (such as Paprosky types IIIa or IIIb) are a common challenge in hip revision surgery. These defects are often accompanied by pelvic discontinuity or bone loss exceeding 50%, making it difficult to achieve stable fixation with traditional surface hip prostheses. Currently, for mild to moderate defects (Paprosky types I, IIa, and IIb), the Jumbo acetabular cup or augmentation ring combined with bone grafting is commonly used clinically.

[0003] Acetabular bone defects are common in revision surgery. Acetabular bone defects are mainly classified based on the Paprosky classification. For Paprosky types I, IIa, and IIb, the bone defect is less than 50%, and revision acetabular cups (Jumbo cups) are the current mainstream choice. Types IIIa and IIIb with larger defect areas may be accompanied by pelvic interruption, which is difficult to fill with conventional prostheses. In addition, surface hip prostheses are surgical implants used to replace the diseased part of the human hip joint. They are mostly used in cases where the symptoms on the femoral side of the hip are mild and the acetabular side is more severe. The scope of application is narrow. For patients with severe acetabular defects, types IIIa and IIIb with larger defect areas may be accompanied by pelvic interruption, and initial stable fixation of the acetabular side cannot be performed during surface hip replacement surgery. Existing surface hip prostheses cannot meet the usage needs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hip surface replacement prosthesis suitable for severe acetabulum defects, aiming to solve the problem that acetabular bone defects are more common in revision surgery in the prior art. Acetabular bone defects are mainly based on the Paprosky classification. For Paprosky types I, IIa, and IIb, the bone defect volume is less than 50%, and the revision acetabular cup (Jumbo cup) is currently the mainstream choice. Types IIIa and IIIb with larger defect areas may be accompanied by pelvic interruption, etc., which are difficult to fill using conventional prostheses. In addition, surface hip prostheses are surgical implants used to replace the diseased part of the human hip joint. They are mostly used in cases where the symptoms on the femoral side of the hip are mild and the acetabulum side is more serious. The scope of application is narrow. For patients with severe acetabular defects, types IIIa and IIIb with larger defect areas may be accompanied by pelvic interruption, etc., and early stable fixation of the acetabulum side cannot be performed during surface hip replacement surgery. The existing surface hip prosthesis cannot meet the usage requirements.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A hip joint surface replacement prosthesis suitable for severe acetabulum defect, comprising:

[0007] The three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis is made of cobalt-chromium-molybdenum metal, with a double coating of titanium alloy and hydroxyapatite on the surface, and the coating has a microporous structure;

[0008] An upper wing, a middle wing and a lower wing, wherein the upper wing, the middle wing and the lower wing are all slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis;

[0009] A plurality of circular holes, wherein the plurality of circular holes are all provided on the surfaces of the upper wing, the middle wing and the lower wing;

[0010] A femoral head prosthesis, wherein the femoral head prosthesis is embedded in a three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis;

[0011] A cylindrical stem, wherein the cylindrical stem is fixed to the femoral head prosthesis;

[0012] A plurality of screws are respectively located in the plurality of circular holes.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the shapes of the upper wing, middle wing and lower wing match the patient's bone anatomical structure to achieve initial stability.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the microporous structure of the titanium alloy and hydroxyapatite double coating is used to promote bone ingrowth.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the inner wall of the femoral head prosthesis is provided with a plurality of anti-rotation grooves for preventing the prosthesis from slightly rotating in the early stage.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the highly polished contact surface between the femoral head prosthesis and the three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis is used to reduce friction and promote joint movement.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the femoral head prosthesis and the cylindrical stem are designed to be integrally formed.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the taper of the cylindrical handle is 2°.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The upper, middle, and lower wings of this hip resurfacing prosthesis are designed to match the patient's bony anatomy, ensuring a close fit within the acetabulum. This personalized design not only provides the necessary initial stability immediately after surgery but also, through a multi-point fixation mechanism with screws passing through circular holes, enhances the stability of the prosthesis throughout the recovery period. This lays a solid foundation for early postoperative mobilization and recovery, reducing the risk of complications due to prosthesis loosening.

[0021] 2. The microporous structure of the titanium alloy and hydroxyapatite dual coating significantly enhances the prosthesis' biocompatibility and bone integration capabilities. These micropores provide space for bone tissue growth, promoting bone ingrowth and achieving more secure long-term fixation. In addition, anti-rotation grooves on the inner wall of the femoral head prosthesis prevent initial micro-rotation of the prosthesis, ensuring accurate prosthetic positioning and proper function. This dual mechanism effectively extends the prosthesis' lifespan and reduces the possibility of future revisions.

[0022] 3. The highly polished contact surface design between the femoral head prosthesis and the three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis is designed to reduce friction, making joint movement smoother and more natural, and improving patient comfort. The one-piece femoral head prosthesis and cylindrical stem design not only enhance the mechanical strength of the entire assembly, but also simplify the installation process, helping to improve surgical efficiency. Combined with the °-tapered cylindrical stem design, it not only ensures good fixation of the prosthesis, but also facilitates uniform stress distribution, reducing the risk of complications caused by local stress concentration. This series of designs work together to improve the patient's joint range of motion and overall quality of life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a main perspective view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 An enlarged view of the femoral head prosthesis of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a comparison diagram of the replacement prosthesis in the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1. Three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis; 2. Femoral head prosthesis; 3. Upper wing; 4. Middle wing; 5. Lower wing; 6. Screw; 7. Anti-rotation groove; 8. Cylindrical stem; 9. Round hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] See also Figure 1-Figure 3, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0031] A hip joint surface replacement prosthesis suitable for severe acetabulum defect, comprising:

[0032] The three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis 1 is made of metal cobalt-chromium-molybdenum material and has a double coating of titanium alloy and hydroxyapatite on the surface, and the coating has a microporous structure;

[0033] The upper wing 3, the middle wing 4 and the lower wing 5 are all slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis 1;

[0034] Multiple circular holes 9, all of which are opened on the surface of the upper wing 3, the middle wing 4 and the lower wing 5;

[0035] The femoral head prosthesis 2 is embedded in the three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis 1;

[0036] A cylindrical handle 8 is fixed to the femoral head prosthesis 2;

[0037] A plurality of screws 6 are respectively located in the plurality of circular holes 9 .

[0038] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis 1 and the femoral head prosthesis 2 mounted on the human femoral head are suitable for patients with severe acetabulum defects. The three-wing acetabular cup 1 is made of metal cobalt-chromium-molybdenum, and its surface is double-coated with titanium alloy and hydroxyapatite. The microporous structure of the surface coating facilitates rapid bone growth; the contact surface between the femoral head prosthesis 2 and the three-wing acetabular cup 1 is a highly polished surface, which facilitates the relative movement of the two. The upper wing 3 and the middle wing 4 can be fixed to the upper edge of the acetabulum or the iliac wing of the host bone using screws 6 passing through the circular hole 9. The lower wing 5 can be fixed to the pubic position of the host bone to achieve good initial stability. The femoral head prosthesis 2 reduces friction and facilitates joint movement. The cylindrical stem 8 can prevent sinking after implantation; the surface is sprayed with coarse sand to increase roughness and improve initial stability; the surface of the cylindrical stem 8 is provided with symmetrical strip grooves to induce bone growth and enhance later stability. The appropriate size is selected according to the patient's Paprosky classification of acetabular defect, such as type IIIa or IIIb. The three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis 1 fixes the upper wing 3 and the middle wing 4 to the upper edge of the acetabulum or the iliac wing of the host bone through screws 6, and the lower wing 5 is fixed to the pubic position to achieve initial stable fixation of the prosthesis. The cylindrical stem 8 of the femoral head prosthesis 2 is implanted into the patient's femoral head, and its taper and anti-rotation groove are used to prevent sinking and micro-rotation. The position of the prosthesis is adjusted to ensure smooth movement of the hip joint and complete the operation. The high-polished surface and anti-rotation design reduce friction and micro-motion of the prosthesis, reducing the risk of postoperative complications. The surface replacement technology reserves more bone volume for subsequent revision surgery and improves the patient's long-term treatment effect.

[0039] For details, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 2 The shapes of the upper wing 3, middle wing 4 and lower wing 5 match the patient's bone anatomy to achieve initial stability.

[0040] In this embodiment: the shapes of the upper wing 3, the middle wing 4 and the lower wing 5 match the patient's bone anatomy to achieve initial stability. By customizing or selecting the appropriate wing shape, it is ensured that the prosthesis can fit closely to the patient's acetabulum area, thereby providing the necessary stability immediately after surgery, which is crucial for early postoperative recovery.

[0041] For details, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 2 , the microporous structure of titanium alloy and hydroxyapatite double coating is used to promote bone ingrowth.

[0042] In this embodiment, not only the biocompatibility of the prosthesis surface is improved, but also the growth of bone tissue into the microporous structure is promoted, which helps to enhance long-term stability.

[0043] For details, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 2 The inner wall of the femoral head prosthesis 2 is provided with a plurality of anti-rotation grooves 7 to prevent the prosthesis from rotating slightly in the early stage.

[0044] In this embodiment, the anti-rotation groove 7 increases the friction between the femoral head prosthesis and the three-wing acetabular outer cup 1, effectively reducing the slight rotation of the prosthesis caused by movement in the early stage of implantation, which is important for ensuring the accurate position of the prosthesis.

[0045] For details, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 2 The highly polished contact surface between the femoral head prosthesis 2 and the three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis 1 is used to reduce friction and promote joint movement.

[0046] In this embodiment, the high polishing process can significantly reduce the friction coefficient between the two, making the joint movement smoother, reducing wear, extending the service life of the prosthesis, and improving the comfort of the patient.

[0047] For details, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 2 The femoral head prosthesis 2 and the cylindrical handle 8 are designed to be integrally formed.

[0048] In this embodiment, the one-piece molding design enhances the mechanical strength of the entire prosthetic component, avoids possible weaknesses in the connection parts, and also simplifies the manufacturing process and installation steps, which is conducive to improving surgical efficiency.

[0049] For details, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 2 , the taper of the cylindrical handle 8 is 2°.

[0050] In this example, the taper is 2°. This specific taper helps the cylindrical stem better adapt to the morphology of the medullary canal, ensuring it remains securely in place. The 2° taper is an optimized choice, facilitating intraoperative adjustment and insertion without sacrificing stability. It also facilitates stress distribution, reducing the risk of complications caused by stress concentration.

[0051] Comparative Example 1

[0052] See also Figure 3 , the present invention provides the following technical solutions, which have the following disadvantages;

[0053] For Paprosky types I, IIa, and IIb, the bone defect is less than 50%, and the Jumbo cup is the current mainstream choice for revision acetabular cups. Types IIIa and IIIb with larger defect areas may be accompanied by pelvic interruption, etc., and the scope of application is narrow. For patients with severe acetabular defects, types IIIa and IIIb with larger defect areas may be accompanied by pelvic interruption, etc., and early stable fixation of the acetabulum side cannot be performed during surface hip replacement surgery.

[0054] The working principle and usage process of the present invention are as follows: the three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis 1 is placed into the acetabulum position, the positions of the upper wing 3, middle wing 4 and lower wing 5 are adjusted as needed to adapt to the anatomical morphology of the acetabulum, and the wings are fixed to the bone tissue around the acetabulum using the circular hole 9 and the screw 6. The femoral head prosthesis 2 with the anti-rotation groove 7 is embedded in the three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis, and it is ensured that it fits tightly with the highly polished contact surface of the three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis. The one-piece femoral head prosthesis 2 is correctly connected to the cylindrical handle 8, and its taper is ensured to be 2° to facilitate the best fixation effect. The hip joint is reset, the range of motion and stability of the joint are checked, and the wound is sutured after confirmation.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hip joint surface replacement prosthesis suitable for severe acetabulum defects, characterized by: include: The three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis (1) is made of metal cobalt-chromium-molybdenum material, and is provided with a double coating of titanium alloy and hydroxyapatite on the surface, and the coating has a microporous structure; An upper wing (3), a middle wing (4) and a lower wing (5), wherein the upper wing (3), the middle wing (4) and the lower wing (5) are all slidably connected to the circumferential surface of the three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis (1); A plurality of circular holes (9), wherein the plurality of circular holes (9) are all provided on the surfaces of the upper wing (3), the middle wing (4) and the lower wing (5); A femoral head prosthesis (2), wherein the femoral head prosthesis (2) is embedded in the three-wing acetabular cup prosthesis (1); A cylindrical handle (8), wherein the cylindrical handle (8) is fixed to the femoral head prosthesis (2); A plurality of screws (6), wherein the plurality of screws (6) are respectively located in the plurality of circular holes (9).

2. A hip joint surface replacement prosthesis suitable for severe acetabulum defect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shapes of the upper wing (3), middle wing (4) and lower wing (5) are matched to the patient's bone anatomy to achieve initial stability.

3. The hip joint surface replacement prosthesis suitable for severe acetabulum defect according to claim 2, characterized in that: The microporous structure of the titanium alloy and hydroxyapatite double coating is used to promote bone ingrowth.

4. The hip joint surface replacement prosthesis suitable for severe acetabulum defect according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the femoral head prosthesis (2) is provided with a plurality of anti-rotation grooves (7) for preventing the prosthesis from slightly rotating in the early stage.

5. The hip joint surface replacement prosthesis suitable for severe acetabulum defect according to claim 4, characterized in that: The highly polished contact surfaces of the femoral head prosthesis (2) and the three-wing acetabular outer cup prosthesis (1) are used to reduce friction and promote joint movement.

6. The hip joint surface replacement prosthesis suitable for severe acetabulum defect according to claim 5, characterized in that: The femoral head prosthesis (2) and the cylindrical handle (8) are designed to be integrally formed.

7. The hip joint surface replacement prosthesis suitable for severe acetabulum defect according to claim 6, characterized in that: The taper of the cylindrical handle (8) is 2°.

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