Main shaft mechanism for enveloping worm rotary milling machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of worm machining, in particular to a spindle mechanism for an enveloping surface worm rotary milling machine, which comprises a stand column, a first sliding seat is slidably connected to the stand column, a supporting seat is rotatably connected to the first sliding seat, a second sliding seat is slidably connected to the supporting seat, and a jacking mechanism is fixed at the front end of the second sliding seat. A cutting blade is arranged on the left side of a workpiece, a clamping-rotating mechanism is fixed to the rear end of the cutting blade, a supporting block is arranged in the middle of the cutting blade, and an arc-shaped groove is formed in the supporting block. Under the conditions of large cutting output, large cutting depth and large cutting force, jumping and deformation of the workpiece are well prevented, the stability of the workpiece is guaranteed, and finally the worm machining precision is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of worm processing, in particular to a spindle mechanism for an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine. Background Art

[0002] During the production process of the worm, the cylindrical workpiece needs to be roughed first, that is, the surface of the cylindrical workpiece is cut by a rotary milling machine until a spiral groove is cut out. The spindle mechanism of the rotary milling machine is mainly used for the installation and fixation of the workpiece, and can adjust the position of the workpiece. The patent with application number CN201910489208.7 discloses a CNC nine-axis secondary enveloping worm multifunctional whirlwind milling machine. In this patent, the installation and fixation of the workpiece is achieved by clamping one end of the workpiece with a chuck and then tightening the other end of the workpiece with a top. Although this method can fix the workpiece, the cutting amount is large and the metal removal rate is greater than 50% during the worm processing process, and the cutting depth and force are also very large. Therefore, under this high-intensity cutting state, the worm may have some slight vibration or even deformation, which will greatly affect the accuracy of the worm processing. Therefore, a spindle mechanism that can improve the worm processing accuracy is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (1) Technical problems solved

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a spindle mechanism for an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine, which solves the problems existing in the prior art and greatly improves the accuracy of worm processing.

[0005] (2) Technical solution

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a spindle mechanism for an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine, comprising a column, a first slide being slidably connected to the column, a support seat being rotatably connected to the first slide, a second slide being slidably connected to the support seat, a tightening mechanism being fixed to the front end of the second slide, a clamping-rotation mechanism being fixed to the rear end thereof, a support block being provided at the middle position thereof, and an arc-shaped groove being provided on the support block.

[0007] Preferably, the tightening mechanism includes a bracket fixed on the second slide, a first oil cylinder is fixed on the bracket, and a top is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the first oil cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the clamping-rotation mechanism includes a clamp seat fixed on the second slide, a B-axis motor is provided in the clamp seat, the B-axis motor is configured as a direct drive motor, a main shaft is fixed through its center position, a clamping structure is provided in the main shaft, the clamping structure includes a chuck, the left end of the pull rod is fixed to the chuck, and the piston rod of the second oil cylinder is fixed to the right end of the pull rod.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of arc-shaped passages are provided in the support block from front to back, and adjacent arc-shaped passages are connected to each other. One of the arc-shaped passages is connected to a main liquid inlet passage, which is arranged inside the support block, and is connected to a liquid inlet pipe. The arc-shaped passage is connected to a plurality of liquid outlet passages from top to bottom on one side facing the arc-shaped groove, and the liquid outlet passages are arranged inside the support block, and are connected to the arc-shaped groove.

[0010] Preferably, a first receiving groove is opened in the middle position of the right side of the column, a Z-axis motor is fixed on the outer top surface of the first receiving groove, a first screw rod is fixed on the rotating shaft of the Z-axis motor, the lower end of the first screw rod is rotatably connected to the inner bottom surface of the first receiving groove, a first nut seat matching it is provided on the first screw rod, a first slide is fixed on the first nut seat, sliders are fixed on the front and rear parts of the left side of the first slide, and a slide rail matching the slider is fixed on the column.

[0011] Preferably, an A-axis motor is fixed to the upper left side of the first slide, a first bevel gear is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating shaft of the A-axis motor, the first bevel gear is vertically meshed with a second bevel gear, a connecting shaft is fixed through the second bevel gear, the connecting shaft passes through the first slide, and a turntable is fixed to the right end of the connecting shaft, and a support seat is fixed on the turntable.

[0012] Preferably, a second accommodating groove is opened on the right side surface of the support seat, a Y-axis motor is fixed on the rear outer wall of the second accommodating groove, a second screw rod is fixed on the rotating shaft of the Y-axis motor, the front end of the second screw rod is rotatably connected to the front inner wall of the second accommodating groove, a second nut seat matching it is provided on the second screw rod, and a second slide is fixed on the second nut seat.

[0013] Preferably, the arcuate groove is set to be semicircular, the three liquid outlet passages on the upper part of each arcuate passage are set to be inclined to the lower right, the three liquid outlet passages on the lower part are set to be inclined to the upper right, and the remaining liquid outlet passages are set to be horizontal to the right.

[0014] Preferably, the top of one of the arc-shaped passages is connected to a transverse passage connected to the outside world, a connecting pipe is fixed in the transverse passage, a one-way valve is provided on the connecting pipe, a metal hose is fixed to the right end of the connecting pipe, and an oil outlet is provided at the lower end of the metal hose.

[0015] Preferably, the support block is connected to the second slide seat through a U-shaped block with an opening to the right, and a rectangular cavity is formed between the U-shaped block and the left side of the support block. Several springs are fixed on the top and bottom walls of the rectangular cavity from front to back, and an impact ball is fixed on the free end of the spring. A rotating plate is provided on the side of the impact ball away from the support block, and a rotating rod is fixed on the rotating plate. The front and rear ends of the rotating rod are rotatably connected to the front and rear walls of the rectangular cavity respectively, and a cylindrical block is fixed on the side of the rotating plate away from the impact ball.

[0016] (3) Beneficial effects

[0017] 1. The present invention provides a support block and an arc groove. When the cutting blade is pressed against the left side of the workpiece for cutting, the support block on the right side of the workpiece limits and supports the workpiece very well. When the cutting amount is large, the cutting depth is deep, and the cutting force is large, the workpiece is well prevented from jumping and deforming, the stability of the workpiece is ensured, and the accuracy of the worm processing is ultimately greatly improved. Furthermore, through the provision of the support block and the arc groove, the part of the workpiece in the arc groove is shielded during the processing to prevent metal debris generated during the cutting process from splashing onto it. In this way, when the part of the workpiece in the arc groove is rotated out of the arc groove for cutting, the metal debris adhered to it can be greatly reduced, thereby improving the accuracy of the worm processing to a certain extent. Finally, during the processing, before the workpiece rotates clockwise into the arc groove, the bottom edge of the arc groove scrapes and cleans the metal debris adhered to the surface of the workpiece, which plays a good role in cleaning metal debris and further improves the accuracy of the worm processing.

[0018] 2. The present invention sets an arc-shaped passage, a liquid inlet passage, a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet passage in the support block. After the workpiece is installed and fixed and is ready for cutting, the liquid pump is started to extract the cutting oil. At this time, since the liquid outlet passage is blocked by the arc-shaped wall of the arc-shaped groove, in this state, on the one hand, the cutting oil in the liquid outlet passage exerts a rightward pressure on the workpiece, and this pressure further supports the workpiece, which can offset part of the cutting force of the cutting blade on the workpiece, further ensuring the stability of the workpiece during the cutting process. On the other hand, although the liquid outlet passage is blocked by the arc-shaped wall of the arc-shaped groove, The surface is blocked, but a small amount of cutting oil will still seep out, which will lubricate and cool the workpiece and greatly facilitate the rotation of the workpiece. As the cutting blade cuts the workpiece, the required spiral groove will be cut on the workpiece. With the appearance of the spiral groove, the liquid outlet passage corresponding to the spiral groove is not blocked, and the cutting oil will be sprayed out from the liquid outlet passage. On the one hand, it lubricates and cools the spiral groove, and on the other hand, it washes away the metal debris adhering to the spiral groove. As the spiral groove is cut deeper and wider, the amount of cutting oil output also increases, and there is no need for The part to be cut into the spiral groove will still block the liquid outlet passage of the corresponding part, and the blocked liquid outlet passage will not spray cutting oil. In this way, the cutting oil is sprayed on demand, which greatly saves cutting oil. Moreover, the distance between the liquid outlet passage and the spiral groove is very close, and the cutting oil is directly sprayed toward the spiral groove, which not only has good cooling and lubrication effects, but also greatly improves the effect of cleaning metal debris. In addition, since the workpiece rotates during the machining process, and the spiral groove is cut, the spray port of the same liquid outlet passage is in an alternating state of being blocked and released during the machining process of the workpiece. This process not only saves cutting oil, but also increases the impact force of the cutting oil on the spiral groove, while also ensuring the uniformity of the temperature of the liquid outlet support block, thereby ensuring the cooling effect; in addition, by arranging an arc passage, a total liquid inlet passage and a liquid outlet passage in the support block, the cutting oil will first enter the support block before being sprayed out to cool the support block, and the arc groove on the support block wraps part of the workpiece, which has a good pre-cooling effect on the workpiece; finally, the cutting oil of this structure is sprayed towards the spiral groove wrapped by the arc groove, which has a good effect of blocking the diffusion of oil mist, thereby greatly reducing oil mist pollution.

[0019] 3. The present invention sets the arc groove into a semicircular shape. This setting wraps, limits, supports and cools the workpiece to the maximum extent under the premise of facilitating the workpiece to be stuck in the arc groove; the three liquid outlet passages on the upper part of the arc passage are set to be inclined to the lower right, which can not only flush the spiral grooves corresponding to the three liquid outlet passages, but also guide the cutting oil into the spiral groove outside the support block, and also play a good lubrication and cooling role on the spiral groove part outside the support block, which is convenient for cutting blades; the remaining liquid outlet passages are set to be horizontal to the right, which not only maximizes the pressure of the cutting oil on the workpiece to the right, but also has a good impact on the metal debris adhered in the spiral groove, so that the metal debris moves downward along the spiral groove from top to bottom with the cutting oil, and the horizontal liquid outlet passage at the lower end of the arc passage just flushes the metal debris flowing to this place to a distance in the horizontal direction, thereby avoiding the accumulation of metal debris.

[0020] 4. The present invention is provided with structures such as a transverse passage, a connecting pipe, a one-way valve, a metal hose and an oil outlet. In this way, before cutting, cutting oil is first introduced into the liquid inlet pipe at a certain flow rate. Since the spiral groove has not been cut on the workpiece at the beginning, after the cutting oil fills the arc passage and the liquid outlet passage in the support block, the cutting oil almost all enters the transverse passage. At this time, the flow rate of the cutting oil in the transverse passage is relatively large, which generates a large pressure on the one-way valve, thereby causing the one-way valve to open, and then allowing the cutting oil to enter the metal hose through the one-way valve, and finally spray out from the oil outlet to the cutting position. When cutting oil sprays out of the oil outlet, the cutting blade starts to cut the workpiece. As the cutting blade cuts the spiral groove on the workpiece, more and more cutting oil will be sprayed out from the liquid outlet. This process will gradually reduce the flow rate of the cutting oil in the transverse passage, thereby gradually reducing the pressure of the cutting oil on the one-way valve. When the pressure of the cutting oil on the one-way valve drops to After a certain value, the one-way valve is closed, and the cutting oil will not be sprayed out from the oil outlet. This process of dynamically adjusting the oil output of the oil outlet and the oil output of the liquid outlet passage is exactly the process of on-demand adjustment. At the beginning, the oil output of the oil outlet is large and rapid, which has a good cooling and lubricating effect on the cutting part. As the spiral groove is cut out, the cutting oil will be sprayed out from the liquid outlet passage corresponding to the spiral groove to cool and lubricate the spiral groove, and the cutting oil can also cool and lubricate the cutting part through the spiral groove. Therefore, the oil output of the oil outlet does not affect the cooling and lubrication of the cutting part in the process of continuous reduction. Moreover, when the liquid flow rate of the liquid inlet pipe remains unchanged, the reduction of the oil output of the oil outlet can increase the oil output and oil output force of the liquid outlet passage corresponding to the spiral groove, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication of the spiral groove, especially improving the impact force on the metal debris adhering to the spiral groove, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the metal debris, and ultimately improving the accuracy of worm processing.

[0021] 5. The present invention uses the arrangement of structures such as a U-shaped block, a spring, an impact ball, a rotating plate and a cylindrical block to impact the support block during the cutting process, which helps to loosen or even shake off the metal debris adhering to the support block and the workpiece, greatly improving the cleaning effect of the metal debris. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the support block and the arc groove thereon according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism, the clamping-rotating mechanism and the workpiece fixed therebetween according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the clamping structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the support block, arc-shaped groove, liquid inlet pipe and liquid outlet passage of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the arc passage, the main liquid inlet passage, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet passage of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 It is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the A-axis motor, first bevel gear, second bevel gear and connecting shaft of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of one of the arc-shaped passages and the liquid outlet passage thereon in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the support block, arc-shaped passage, liquid outlet passage, transverse passage, connecting pipe, one-way valve, metal hose and oil outlet of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the support block, U-shaped block, rectangular cavity, spring, impact ball, rotating plate, rotating rod and cylindrical block of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1-column, 2-first slide, 3-support seat, 4-second slide, 5-tightening mechanism, 6-clamping-rotation mechanism, 7-support block, 8-arc groove, 9-bracket, 10-first cylinder, 11-top, 12-clamp seat, 13-B axis motor, 14-spindle, 15-clamping structure, 16-chuck, 17-pull rod, 18-second cylinder, 19-arc passage, 20-fluid inlet main passage, 21-fluid inlet pipe, 22-fluid outlet passage, 23 -First accommodating slot, 24-Z-axis motor, 25-slider, 26-slide rail, 27-A-axis motor, 28-first bevel gear, 29-second bevel gear, 30-connecting shaft, 31-turntable, 32-Y-axis motor, 33-transverse passage, 34-connecting pipe, 35-check valve, 36-metal hose, 37-oil outlet, 38-U-shaped block, 39-rectangular cavity, 40-spring, 41-impact ball, 42-turn plate, 43-turn rod, 44-cylindrical block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following is a combination of the embodiments of the present invention Figures 1-11 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] The present invention provides a technical solution: a spindle mechanism for an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine, comprising a column 1, a first slide 2 being slidably connected to the column 1, a support seat 3 being rotatably connected to the first slide 2, a second slide 4 being slidably connected to the support seat 3, a clamping mechanism 5 being fixed to the front end of the second slide 4, a clamping-rotating mechanism 6 being fixed to the rear end thereof, a support block 7 being provided at the middle position thereof, and an arcuate groove 8 being provided on the support block 7. When a workpiece needs to be installed, one end of the workpiece is first clamped by the clamping-rotating mechanism 6. At this time, the part of the workpiece to be cut is just stuck into the arcuate groove 8 on the support block 7, that is, the arcuate wall surface of the arcuate groove 8 just wraps around the left part of the workpiece, and the arcuate wall surface of the arcuate groove 8 contacts the outer wall surface of the wrapped part of the workpiece. Then, the other end of the workpiece is tightened by the clamping mechanism 5, thus completing the installation and fixation of the workpiece. During processing, the cutting blade is aligned with a preset fixed position on the right side of the workpiece (that is, the unwrapped part of the workpiece), that is, the cutting blade The position is fixed, and the position of the workpiece is adjusted by the spindle mechanism to achieve cutting. The upper and lower positions of the workpiece are adjusted by sliding the first slide 2 up and down, and the workpiece is rotated by the clamping-rotation mechanism 6. The front and rear positions of the workpiece are adjusted by sliding the second slide 4 forward and backward. The angle of the workpiece is adjusted by the rotation connection between the first slide 2 and the support seat 3. The entire column 1 can be moved left and right on the milling machine. The left and right movement of the column 1 is achieved by a screw structure, which belongs to the existing technology and will not be described here. In order to adapt to the processing of worms of different sizes, the support block 7 and the second slide 4 can be set to be detachably connected. The support block 7 that matches the size of the worm to be processed is selected in advance, and the support block 7 is installed on the second slide 4. The present invention provides a support block 7 and an arc-shaped groove 8. When the cutting blade is pressed against the left side of the workpiece for cutting, the support block 7 on the right side of the workpiece effectively limits and supports the workpiece. Under conditions of large cutting volume, deep cutting depth, and strong cutting force, the workpiece is effectively prevented from bouncing and deforming, ensuring the stability of the workpiece, and ultimately greatly improving the precision of worm processing. Furthermore, the support block 7 and the arc-shaped groove 8 shield the portion of the workpiece within the arc-shaped groove 8 during the processing process, preventing metal debris generated during the cutting process from splashing onto it. In this way, when the portion of the workpiece within the arc-shaped groove 8 is rotated out of the arc-shaped groove 8 for cutting, the amount of metal debris adhering to it can be greatly reduced, thereby improving the precision of worm processing to a certain extent, because metal debris adhering to the workpiece affects the cutting precision of the worm. Finally, during the processing process, before the workpiece rotates clockwise into the arc-shaped groove 8, the bottom edge of the arc-shaped groove 8 scrapes and cleans the metal debris adhering to the surface of the workpiece, effectively cleaning the metal debris and further improving the precision of worm processing.

[0036] The jacking mechanism 5 includes a bracket 9 fixed to the second slide 4, a first oil cylinder 10 fixed to the bracket 9, and a tip 11 fixed to the end of the piston rod of the first oil cylinder 10. This is the specific structure of the jacking mechanism 5. When the workpiece needs to be jacked, the first oil cylinder 10 is activated, and its piston rod extends, driving the tip 11 toward the workpiece until it abuts the end of the workpiece, which serves as a centering and tightening function. The end of the workpiece is provided with an embedded groove that matches the tip 11.

[0037] The clamping-rotation mechanism 6 includes a clamping base 12 fixed to the second slide 4. A B-axis motor 13 is installed in the clamping base 12. The B-axis motor 13 is configured as a direct-drive motor. A spindle 14 is fixed at its center. A clamping structure 15 is installed in the spindle 14. The clamping structure 15 includes a chuck 16. The left end of a pull rod 17 is fixed to the chuck 16, and the right end of the pull rod 17 is fixed to the piston rod of a second oil cylinder 18. This is the specific structure of the clamping-rotation mechanism 6, which not only clamps the workpiece but also rotates the workpiece. When the workpiece needs to be clamped, the second oil cylinder 18 is activated, and its piston rod contracts, pulling the pull rod 17 toward the second oil cylinder 18, thereby pulling the chuck 16 into the spindle 14 until the chuck 16 can no longer move into the spindle 14. At this time, the chuck 16 firmly clamps the workpiece. When the workpiece needs to be released, the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 18 simply needs to be reversed. The spindle 14 is provided with a cavity in which a pull rod 17 and a chuck 16 can move. The chuck 16 is a three-claw type, which belongs to the existing technology, so it will not be described in detail here. After the chuck 16 clamps the workpiece, it is equivalent to fixing the entire clamping structure 15 and the spindle 14. Therefore, when the workpiece is rotated, it is only necessary to start the B-axis motor 13 to drive the spindle 14 to rotate, and then drive the clamping structure 15 in the spindle 14 to rotate, and then drive the workpiece clamped by the clamping structure 15 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the workpiece. The second oil cylinder 18 is rotatably connected to the fixture base 12. The B-axis motor 13 is set as a direct drive motor, so that the rotation of the workpiece is directly driven by the direct drive motor. This setting further improves the accuracy of worm processing.

[0038] A plurality of arc-shaped passages 19 are provided in the support block 7 from front to back, and adjacent arc-shaped passages 19 are connected to each other. One of the arc-shaped passages 19 is connected to a main liquid inlet passage 20, which is provided inside the support block 7 and is connected to a liquid inlet pipe 21. The arc-shaped passage 19 is connected to a plurality of liquid outlet passages 22 from top to bottom on one side facing the arc-shaped groove 8. The liquid outlet passages 22 are provided inside the support block 7 and are connected to the arc-shaped groove 8. Since the worm often needs cutting oil for lubrication and cooling during the machining process, the prior art often arranges two or three oil pipes above the worm to spray cutting oil at the position where the cutting blade cuts the workpiece for lubrication and cooling. This method of directly spraying cutting oil has the following disadvantages: 1) The cutting oil with a large flow rate is sprayed from the oil pipe to the cutting position of the cutting blade and then falls directly onto the machine tool, which has a very low utilization efficiency of the cutting oil and results in a large amount of cutting oil waste, resulting in high costs; 2) The cleaning effect of the metal debris adhering to the spiral groove is poor, which in turn affects the cutting effect; 3) The spraying of a large amount of cutting oil causes a large amount of oil mist pollution. Therefore, the above-mentioned setting is used to solve this problem, saving the amount of cutting oil and reducing oil mist pollution while achieving a good cooling effect, and at the same time achieving a good cleaning effect on the metal debris adhering to the spiral groove.The specific principle is as follows: the liquid inlet pipe 21 is connected to the cutting oil storage tank, and the cutting oil in the cutting oil storage tank is pumped into the liquid inlet pipe 21 through the liquid pump, and then enters the main liquid inlet passage 20 in the support block 7, and then enters the arc passage 19 through the main liquid inlet passage 20, and then is sprayed out from the liquid outlet passage 22. After the workpiece is installed and fixed and is ready for cutting, the liquid pump is started to extract the cutting oil. At this time, since the liquid outlet passage 22 is blocked by the arc-shaped wall of the arc groove 8, in this state, on the one hand, the cutting oil in the liquid outlet passage 22 has a rightward pressure on the workpiece, and this pressure further supports the workpiece, which can offset part of the cutting force of the cutting blade on the workpiece, and further ensure the stability of the workpiece during the cutting process. On the other hand, although the liquid outlet passage 22 is blocked by the arc-shaped wall of the arc groove 8, a small amount of cutting oil will still seep out, and this part of the cutting oil will lubricate the workpiece. The cutting oil is sprayed on the spiral groove, which not only has a good cooling and lubricating effect, but also greatly improves the effect of cleaning metal debris. In addition, since the workpiece rotates during machining and the spiral groove is cut, the outlet of the same liquid outlet passage 22 is alternately blocked and released during the workpiece machining process. This process not only saves cutting oil, but also increases the impact force of the cutting oil on the spiral groove. At the same time, it also ensures the uniformity of the temperature of the liquid outlet support block 7, thereby ensuring the cooling effect. If part of the liquid outlet passage 22 is always blocked, the cutting oil in this part of the liquid outlet passage 22 will not have the opportunity to be ejected. The cutting oil in this part of the liquid outlet passage 22 will gradually heat up, resulting in uneven temperature of the entire support block 7, thereby affecting the cooling effect. In addition, by providing the arc passage 19, the main liquid inlet passage 20 and the liquid outlet passage 22 in the support block 7, the cutting oil will first enter the support block 7 before being ejected, cooling the support block 7. The arc groove 8 on the support block 7 covers part of the workpiece, which has a good pre-cooling effect on the workpiece. Finally, the cutting oil of this structure is sprayed towards the spiral groove covered by the arc groove 8, which has a good effect of blocking the diffusion of oil mist and greatly reducing oil mist pollution.The number and density of the arc passages 19 and the liquid outlet passages 22 in the support block 7 are specifically set according to the size of the spiral groove required to be cut on the workpiece, ensuring that the portion of the arc groove 8 corresponding to the spiral groove has sufficient liquid outlet passages 22.

[0039] A first receiving slot 23 is provided in the middle of the right side of the column 1. A Z-axis motor 24 is fixed to the outer top surface of the first receiving slot 23. A first screw is fixed to the rotating shaft of the Z-axis motor 24. The lower end of the first screw is rotatably connected to the inner bottom surface of the first receiving slot 23. A first nut seat matching it is provided on the first screw, and a first slide 2 is fixed to the first nut seat. Slide blocks 25 are fixed to the front and rear parts of the left side of the first slide 2. A slide rail 26 matching the slide block 25 is fixed to the column 1. This is a specific method of achieving a sliding connection between the column 1 and the first slide 2. When the first slide 2 needs to be raised, the Z-axis motor 24 is started, which in turn drives the first screw to rotate, which in turn drives the first nut seat to rise along the first screw, and then drives the first slide 2 fixed to the first nut seat to rise. When the first slide 2 needs to be lowered, the Z-axis motor 24 only needs to rotate in the opposite direction. The arrangement of the slider 25 and the slide rail 26 makes the lifting and lowering of the first slide 2 more stable.

[0040] An A-axis motor 27 is fixed to the upper left side of the first slide 2. A first bevel gear 28 is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating shaft of the A-axis motor 27. A second bevel gear 29 is vertically meshed with the first bevel gear 28. A connecting shaft 30 is fixed through the second bevel gear 29. The connecting shaft 30 passes through the first slide 2, and a turntable 31 is fixed to the right end of the connecting shaft 30. The support base 3 is fixed on the turntable 31. This is the specific method of the rotational connection between the first slide 2 and the support base 3. When the support base 3 needs to be rotated to a certain angle, the A-axis motor 27 is started, and its rotating shaft rotates to drive the first bevel gear 28 to rotate, which in turn drives the second bevel gear 29 to rotate, which in turn drives the connecting shaft 30 to rotate, which in turn drives the turntable 31 to rotate, and in turn drives the support base 3 to rotate. The connecting shaft 30 is rotationally connected to the first slide 2.

[0041] A second receiving slot is defined on the right side of the support base 3. A Y-axis motor 32 is secured to the rear outer wall of the second receiving slot. A second screw is secured to the rotating shaft of the Y-axis motor 32. The front end of the second screw is rotatably connected to the front inner wall of the second receiving slot. A matching second nut seat is mounted on the second screw, and a second slide 4 is secured to the second nut seat. This is the specific method of sliding connection between the support base 3 and the second slide 4. When the second slide 4 needs to slide forward, the Y-axis motor 32 is activated, driving the second screw to rotate, which in turn drives the second nut seat to slide forward along the second screw, thereby driving the second slide 4, which is secured to the second nut seat, to slide forward. When the second slide 4 needs to slide backward, the Y-axis motor 32 simply operates in reverse.

[0042] The arc groove 8 is configured as a semicircular shape, and the three liquid outlet passages 22 at the top of each arc passage 19 are configured to be inclined downward to the right, while the remaining liquid outlet passages 22 are configured to be horizontal and rightward. The arc groove 8 is configured as a semicircular shape, which allows the workpiece to be easily inserted into the arc groove 8, thereby providing maximum wrapping, positioning, support, and cooling for the workpiece. The three liquid outlet passages 22 at the top of the arc passage 19 are configured to be inclined downward to the right. This configuration not only allows the spiral grooves corresponding to these three liquid outlet passages 22 to be flushed, but also allows the cutting oil to be directed into the spiral grooves on the outside of the support block 7, effectively lubricating and cooling the spiral groove portion on the outside of the support block 7, thereby facilitating cutting by the cutting blade. The remaining liquid outlet passage 22 is set to be horizontal and rightward, which not only maximizes the rightward pressure of the cutting oil on the workpiece, but also has a good impact on the metal debris adhering to the spiral groove, so that the metal debris flows downward from top to bottom along the spiral groove with the cutting oil, and the horizontal liquid outlet passage 22 at the lower end of the arc-shaped passage 19 just flushes the metal debris flowing thereto horizontally to a distance, thereby avoiding the accumulation of metal debris.

[0043] The top of one of the arcuate passages 19 is connected to a transverse passage 33 that communicates with the outside world. A connecting pipe 34 is fixed within transverse passage 33, which is equipped with a one-way valve 35. A metal hose 36 is fixed to the right end of connecting pipe 34, and an oil outlet 37 is provided at the lower end of metal hose 36. The number and density of the arcuate passages 19 are set according to actual needs. When the number of arcuate passages 19 is odd, the top of the middle arcuate passage 19 is selected to provide the transverse passage 33. When the number of arcuate passages 19 is even, either of the two middle arcuate passages 19 can be selected to provide the transverse passage. At the beginning of cutting, since the spiral groove has not yet been cut, there are still deficiencies in cooling and lubricating the cut surface. This configuration addresses this issue by aligning the oil outlet 37 of metal hose 36 above the cut surface before cutting. This configuration of metal hose 36 allows the oil outlet 37 to be adjusted to the desired position, making adjustment easier. Before cutting, cutting oil is first introduced into the liquid inlet pipe 21 at a certain flow rate. Since the spiral groove has not been cut on the workpiece at the beginning, after the cutting oil fills the arc passage 19 and the liquid outlet passage 22 in the support block 7, the cutting oil almost all enters the transverse passage 33. At this time, the flow rate of the cutting oil in the transverse passage 33 is relatively large, which generates a large pressure on the one-way valve 35, thereby causing the one-way valve 35 to open, and then the cutting oil enters the metal hose 36 through the one-way valve 35, and finally sprays out from the oil outlet 37 to the cutting position. When cutting oil is sprayed out of the oil outlet 37, the cutting blade starts to cut the workpiece. As the cutting blade cuts the spiral groove on the workpiece, more and more cutting oil will be sprayed out from the liquid outlet passage 22. This process will gradually reduce the flow rate of the cutting oil in the transverse passage 33, thereby gradually reducing the pressure of the cutting oil on the one-way valve 35. When the pressure of the cutting oil on the one-way valve 35 drops to a certain value, the one-way valve 35 is closed. , the cutting oil will not be sprayed out from the oil outlet 37. This process of dynamically adjusting the oil output of the oil outlet 37 and the oil output of the liquid outlet passage 22 is just an on-demand adjustment process. At the beginning, the oil output of the oil outlet 37 is large and rapid, which has a good cooling and lubricating effect on the cutting part. As the spiral groove is cut out, the cutting oil will be sprayed out from the liquid outlet passage 22 corresponding to the spiral groove to cool and lubricate the spiral groove, and the cutting oil can also cool and lubricate the cutting part through the spiral groove. Therefore, the oil output of the oil outlet 37 does not affect the cooling and lubrication of the cutting part in the process of continuous reduction. Moreover, when the liquid flow rate of the liquid inlet pipe 21 remains unchanged, the reduction in the oil output of the oil outlet 37 can increase the oil output and oil output force of the liquid outlet passage corresponding to the spiral groove, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication of the spiral groove, especially improving the impact force on the metal debris adhering to the spiral groove, thereby improving the cleaning effect of the metal debris, and ultimately improving the accuracy of worm processing.

[0044] The support block 7 is connected to the second slide 4 through a U-shaped block 38 with an opening to the right. A rectangular cavity 39 is formed between the U-shaped block 38 and the left side of the support block 7. Several springs 40 are fixed on the top and bottom walls of the rectangular cavity 39 from front to back. An impact ball 41 is fixed on the free end of the spring 40. A rotating plate 42 is provided on the side of the impact ball 41 away from the support block 7. A rotating rod 43 is fixed on the rotating plate 42. The front and rear ends of the rotating rod 43 are rotatably connected to the front and rear walls of the rectangular cavity 39 respectively. A cylindrical block 44 is fixed on the side of the rotating plate 42 away from the impact ball 41. During the workpiece cutting process, vibration is generated. The vibration is transmitted to the spring 40 through the support block 7, causing the spring 40 to move irregularly, such as up and down or left and right, thereby driving the impact ball 41 to move. The impact ball 41 is very close to the left and right walls of the rectangular cavity 39, so the impact ball 41 can easily hit the right wall of the rectangular cavity 39, that is, hit the support block 7. This process of hitting the support block 7 helps to loosen or even shake off the metal debris adhering to the support block 7 and the workpiece, greatly improving the cleaning effect of the metal debris. The setting of the rotating plate 42 further provides power for the impact ball 41 to hit the support block 7, playing the role of pushing the impact ball 41 toward the support block 7, thereby making the impact force greater, improving the continuity of the impact, and thus improving the impact effect. The setting of the cylindrical block 44 makes the rotating plate 42 light at one end and heavy at the other end. This is more conducive to the rotation of the rotating plate 42 on the one hand, and strengthens the impact force on the support block 7 on the other hand.

[0045] Working principle: During operation, when the workpiece needs to be installed, one end of the workpiece is first clamped by the clamping-rotating mechanism 6. At this time, the part of the workpiece that needs to be cut is just stuck in the arc groove 8 on the support block 7, that is, the arc wall surface of the arc groove 8 just wraps the left part of the workpiece, and the arc wall surface of the arc groove 8 contacts the outer wall surface of the wrapped part of the workpiece. Then, the other end of the workpiece is tightened by the tightening mechanism 5, thus completing the installation and fixation of the workpiece. During processing, the cutting blade is aligned with a preset fixed position on the right side of the workpiece (that is, the part that is not wrapped). That is to say, the cutting blade is aligned with a preset fixed position on the right side of the workpiece (that is, the part that is not wrapped). The position of the cutting blade is fixed, and the position of the workpiece is adjusted by the spindle mechanism to achieve cutting, wherein the upper and lower positions of the workpiece are adjusted by the up and down sliding of the first slide 2, the rotation of the workpiece is achieved by the clamping-rotation mechanism 6, the front and rear positions of the workpiece are adjusted by the front and rear sliding of the second slide 4, and the angle of the workpiece is adjusted by the rotation connection between the first slide 2 and the support seat 3, wherein the entire column 1 can be moved left and right on the machine tool of the rotary milling machine, and the left and right movement of the column 1 is achieved by a screw structure, wherein the screw structure belongs to the existing technology, so it will not be described here. In order to adapt to the processing of worms of different sizes, the support block 7 and the second slide 4 can be set to be detachably connected, and the support block 7 that matches it is selected in advance according to the size of the worm to be processed, and the support block 7 is installed on the second slide 4. The present invention provides a support block 7 and an arc-shaped groove 8. When the cutting blade is pressed against the left side of the workpiece for cutting, the support block 7 on the right side of the workpiece effectively limits and supports the workpiece. Under conditions of large cutting volume, deep cutting depth, and strong cutting force, the workpiece is effectively prevented from bouncing and deforming, ensuring the stability of the workpiece, and ultimately greatly improving the precision of worm processing. Furthermore, the support block 7 and the arc-shaped groove 8 shield the portion of the workpiece within the arc-shaped groove 8 during the processing process, preventing metal debris generated during the cutting process from splashing onto it. In this way, when the portion of the workpiece within the arc-shaped groove 8 is rotated out of the arc-shaped groove 8 for cutting, the amount of metal debris adhering to it can be greatly reduced, thereby improving the precision of worm processing to a certain extent, because metal debris adhering to the workpiece affects the cutting precision of the worm. Finally, during the processing process, before the workpiece rotates clockwise into the arc-shaped groove 8, the bottom edge of the arc-shaped groove 8 scrapes and cleans the metal debris adhering to the surface of the workpiece, effectively cleaning the metal debris and further improving the precision of worm processing.

[0046] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A spindle mechanism for an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine, characterized in that: The invention comprises a column (1), a first slide (2) is slidably connected to the column (1), a support seat (3) is rotatably connected to the first slide (2), a second slide (4) is slidably connected to the support seat (3), a tightening mechanism (5) is fixed at the front end of the second slide (4), a clamping-rotation mechanism (6) is fixed at the rear end thereof, a support block (7) is provided at the middle position thereof, and an arc groove (8) is provided on the support block (7).

2. The spindle mechanism for an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tightening mechanism (5) comprises a bracket (9) fixed on the second slide seat (4), a first oil cylinder (10) is fixed on the bracket (9), and a top (11) is fixed at the end of the piston rod of the first oil cylinder (10).

3. The spindle mechanism for an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping-rotation mechanism (6) includes a clamp seat (12) fixed on the second slide (4), a B-axis motor (13) is provided in the clamp seat (12), the B-axis motor (13) is a direct drive motor, a main shaft (14) is fixed through the center position of the motor, a clamping structure (15) is provided in the main shaft (14), the clamping structure (15) includes a chuck (16), the chuck (16) is fixed with the left end of the pull rod (17), and the right end of the pull rod (17) is fixed with the piston rod of the second oil cylinder (18).

4. The spindle mechanism for an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of arc-shaped passages (19) are provided in the support block (7) from front to back, and adjacent arc-shaped passages (19) are connected to each other. One of the arc-shaped passages (19) is connected to a liquid inlet passage (20). The liquid inlet passage (20) is provided inside the support block (7), and the liquid inlet passage (20) is connected to a liquid inlet pipe (21). The arc-shaped passage (19) is connected to a plurality of liquid outlet passages (22) from top to bottom on a side facing the arc-shaped groove (8). The liquid outlet passages (22) are provided inside the support block (7), and the liquid outlet passages (22) are connected to the arc-shaped groove (8).

5. The spindle mechanism for an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first receiving groove (23) is provided at the middle position of the right side of the column (1), a Z-axis motor (24) is fixed on the outer top surface of the first receiving groove (23), a first screw rod is fixed on the rotating shaft of the Z-axis motor (24), the lower end of the first screw rod is rotatably connected to the inner bottom surface of the first receiving groove (23), a first nut seat matching the first screw rod is provided on the first screw rod, the first slide (2) is fixed on the first nut seat, sliders (25) are fixed on the front and rear parts of the left side of the first slide (2), and a slide rail (26) matching the slider (25) is fixed on the column (1).

6. The spindle mechanism for an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: An A-axis motor (27) is fixed to the upper left side of the first slide (2), a first bevel gear (28) is fixed to the bottom end of the rotating shaft of the A-axis motor (27), the first bevel gear (28) is vertically meshed with a second bevel gear (29), a connecting shaft (30) is fixed through the second bevel gear (29), the connecting shaft (30) passes through the first slide (2), and a turntable (31) is fixed to the right end of the connecting shaft (30), and the support base (3) is fixed on the turntable (31).

7. The spindle mechanism for an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second receiving groove is provided on the right side surface of the support seat (3), a Y-axis motor (32) is fixed on the rear outer wall of the second receiving groove, a second screw rod is fixed on the rotating shaft of the Y-axis motor (32), the front end of the second screw rod is rotatably connected to the front inner wall of the second receiving groove, a second nut seat matching the second screw rod is provided on the second screw rod, and the second slide seat (4) is fixed on the second nut seat.

8. The spindle mechanism for an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The arc-shaped groove (8) is configured to be semicircular, the three liquid outlet passages (22) on the upper portion of each arc-shaped passage (19) are configured to be inclined downward to the right, and the remaining liquid outlet passages (22) are configured to be horizontal and directed to the right.

9. The spindle mechanism for an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top end of one of the arc-shaped passages (19) is connected to a transverse passage (33) connected to the outside world. A connecting pipe (34) is fixed in the transverse passage (33). A one-way valve (35) is provided on the connecting pipe (34). A metal hose (36) is fixed at the right end of the connecting pipe (34). An oil outlet (37) is provided at the lower end of the metal hose (36).

10. The spindle mechanism for an enveloping toroidal worm milling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support block (7) is connected to the second slide seat (4) through a U-shaped block (38) with an opening to the right, and a rectangular cavity (39) is formed between the U-shaped block (38) and the left side of the support block (7). A plurality of springs (40) are fixed on the top wall and the bottom wall of the rectangular cavity (39) from front to back, and an impact ball (41) is fixed on the free end of the spring (40). A rotating plate (42) is provided on the side of the impact ball (41) away from the support block (7), and a rotating rod (43) is fixed on the rotating plate (42). The front and rear ends of the rotating rod (43) are respectively rotatably connected to the front and rear walls of the rectangular cavity (39), and a cylindrical block (44) is fixed on the side of the rotating plate (42) away from the impact ball (41).

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