A circuit breaker with an operating monitoring function and a monitoring method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of power system safety assurance technology, specifically providing a circuit breaker with operation monitoring function and its monitoring method. The circuit breaker includes: a circuit breaker spring, a base housing fixed to one end of the circuit breaker spring, a deformation assembly, a transmission assembly, and a detection assembly within the base housing. The deformation assembly visualizes the minute deformation generated by the spring and generates relative displacement. The transmission assembly uses a lever amplification method to transmit the displacement to the detection assembly. The detection assembly includes a piston and a MEMS pressure sensor. One end of the piston is connected to the transmission assembly, and the other end is movably sealed within a closed space, where the MEMS pressure sensor is located. This invention effectively converts the minute deformation of the circuit breaker spring into changes in air pressure, introducing a MEMS pressure sensor to achieve high-precision monitoring. It possesses strong anti-interference capabilities, meets the requirements of low false alarms and zero calibration, reduces operation and maintenance costs, and offers high monitoring accuracy and reliability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system safety assurance technology, and in particular to a circuit breaker with operation monitoring function and its monitoring method. Background Technology

[0002] As a core protection and control device in a power system, the operating status of a circuit breaker directly affects the stability and security of the power grid. The circuit breaker spring, as the core of energy storage and release during the opening and closing operations, directly impacts the circuit breaker's ability to complete its actions quickly and reliably. By measuring the minute deformations produced by the compression and elongation of the circuit breaker spring, its elastic response capability can be determined.

[0003] Existing monitoring devices use sensors such as displacement sensors, strain gauges, or fiber Bragg gratings to measure the minute deformation of circuit breaker springs. However, due to the small size of the deformation, it is difficult to obtain high-precision data, leading to inaccurate judgment of potential circuit breaker faults. These sensors also need to be directly installed on the surface of the circuit breaker spring or its movement path, which presents problems such as installation difficulties and space constraints. Furthermore, they are susceptible to factors such as high electromagnetic interference, high temperature, and vibration inside the circuit breaker, resulting in unstable data and false or missed fault alarms. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a circuit breaker with operation monitoring function and a monitoring method thereof, which at least solves the problems of difficulty in capturing minute deformations and severe interference from the circuit breaker environment when monitoring the performance of the circuit breaker spring, resulting in insufficient monitoring accuracy.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a circuit breaker with an operation monitoring function, comprising: a circuit breaker spring, a base housing fixed to one end of the circuit breaker spring, and a deformation assembly, a transmission assembly, and a detection assembly disposed within the base housing;

[0006] The deformation assembly includes a movable plate, which is configured to generate relative displacement with the base housing after the circuit breaker spring is deformed.

[0007] The first end of the transmission assembly is connected to the side of the moving plate away from the circuit breaker spring, and the second end of the transmission assembly is connected to the detection assembly; the transmission assembly is configured as a lever structure, and the displacement of the first end is less than the displacement of the second end;

[0008] The detection component includes a piston and a MEMS pressure sensor. One end of the piston is connected to the second end of the transmission component, and the other end of the piston is movably sealed to form a closed space. The MEMS pressure sensor is disposed within the closed space.

[0009] The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function provided in the embodiments of the present invention has a circuit breaker spring whose end away from the base housing is fixedly connected to a fixing plate, and the fixing plate is provided with a first through hole; the end wall of the base housing connected to the circuit breaker spring is provided with a second through hole;

[0010] The movable plate is connected to one end of the spring guide rod, which is axially positioned at the center of the circuit breaker spring and passes through the first through hole and the second through hole. The end of the spring guide rod away from the movable plate is connected to the spring drive component.

[0011] The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function provided in the embodiments of the present invention includes a first elastic element and a second elastic element in the deformation component;

[0012] One end of the first elastic element, along the deformation direction of the circuit breaker spring, abuts against the inner wall of the base housing, and the other end abuts against the moving plate;

[0013] One end of the second elastic member abuts against the inner wall of the base housing along the deformation direction, and the other end abuts against the movable plate. The second elastic member and the first elastic member are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the movable plate. The first elastic member and the second elastic member are configured to be in their natural state when the circuit breaker spring is not deformed.

[0014] The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function provided in the embodiment of the present invention has an annular groove provided on the inner side wall of the base housing. The plane of the annular groove is perpendicular to the deformation direction, and the two side walls of the annular groove are arranged opposite to each other along the deformation direction. The first elastic element and the second elastic element are rubber rings and fixed to the groove wall.

[0015] The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function provided in the embodiments of the present invention is configured as a non-equilateral lever, or the transmission component is configured as a plurality of non-equilateral levers connected in sequence; a fixing rod is provided at the fulcrum of the non-equilateral lever, and the two ends of the fixing rod are fixed to the inner wall of the base housing.

[0016] The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function provided in the embodiments of the present invention includes a transmission component comprising a first lever and a second lever, wherein the first lever is provided with a first fulcrum and the second lever is provided with a second fulcrum;

[0017] The end of the first lever near the first fulcrum is set as the first end of the transmission assembly, the end of the first lever away from the first fulcrum is rotatably connected to the end of the second lever near the second fulcrum, and the end of the second lever away from the second fulcrum is set as the second end of the transmission assembly.

[0018] The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function provided in the embodiments of the present invention includes a detection component that further includes a sealing cylinder, wherein the piston includes a piston plate and a piston rod, and the piston plate is disposed inside the sealing cylinder;

[0019] One end of the piston rod is connected to the piston plate, and the other end extends out of the sealing cylinder and is rotatably connected to the second end of the transmission assembly.

[0020] The piston plate moves by abutting against the inner wall of the sealing cylinder, and the side of the piston plate away from the piston rod and the inner wall of the sealing cylinder enclose the closed space.

[0021] The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function provided by the present invention includes a piston plate comprising a metal plate and a sealing ring, the sealing ring being disposed around the side of the metal plate; a lubrication layer is also disposed between the piston plate and the inner wall of the sealing cylinder.

[0022] The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function provided in the embodiments of the present invention further includes an acceleration sensor, a current sensor, and a temperature sensor;

[0023] The acceleration sensor is located at the bottom of the base housing; the current sensor is located at the connection between the circuit breaker and the circuit; the temperature sensor is fixed inside the base housing, or / and fixed to a fixing plate connected to the circuit breaker spring.

[0024] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a circuit breaker monitoring method, the circuit breaker monitoring method comprising:

[0025] The circuit breaker spring deforms, and the deformed circuit breaker spring applies a spring force to the base housing;

[0026] The base housing and the moving plate of the deformation component move relative to each other;

[0027] The displacement of the moving plate is amplified by the transmission assembly and transmitted to the piston of the detection assembly, wherein the piston displacement;

[0028] The displacement of the piston changes the volume of the enclosed space and the air pressure inside the enclosed space;

[0029] The MEMS pressure sensor in the enclosed space outputs air pressure change data based on the air pressure changes; the circuit breaker monitoring results are obtained based on the air pressure change data.

[0030] This invention provides a circuit breaker with operational monitoring capabilities and its monitoring method. It employs a multi-stage lever amplification and variable structure combination to achieve high integration without occupying excessive space. The minute deformation of the circuit breaker spring is effectively converted into gas pressure changes, which are then monitored using a gas-medium MEMS pressure sensor for high precision. It possesses strong anti-interference capabilities, meets the requirements for low false alarms and zero calibration, reduces maintenance costs, can operate stably for extended periods, and exhibits high monitoring accuracy and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit breaker with operation monitoring function in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a circuit breaker with operational monitoring capabilities.

[0034] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows an isometric sectional view of a circuit breaker with operational monitoring capabilities.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving plate and transmission assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is an isometric sectional view of the base housing, the first elastic element, and the second elastic element in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the detection component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the current sensor in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the circuit breaker monitoring method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0040] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0041] 1. Circuit breaker spring; 11. Fixing plate; 12. First through hole; 13. Spring guide rod;

[0042] 2. Base housing; 21. Second through hole; 22. Annular groove;

[0043] 3. Deformation component; 31. Moving plate; 32. First elastic element; 33. Second elastic element;

[0044] 4. Transmission assembly; 41. First end; 42. Second end; 43. First lever; 4301. First fulcrum; 4302. First slide rod; 44. Second lever; 4401. Second fulcrum; 4402. Second slide rod; 45. First fixed rod; 46. Second fixed rod; 47. First slide groove; 48. Second slide groove; 49. Third slide groove;

[0045] 5. Detection component; 51. Piston; 5101. Piston plate; 5102. Piston rod; 5103. Third slide bar; 52. MEMS pressure sensor; 53. Sealing cylinder;

[0046] 6. Enclosed space;

[0047] 71. Accelerometer; 72. Current sensor; 73. First temperature sensor; 74. Second temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0048] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0049] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0050] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0051] With the development of smart grids, the demand for real-time, accurate, and low-maintenance monitoring of circuit breaker operating status is becoming increasingly urgent. Currently, most mainstream circuit breaker monitoring devices infer the operating status of the equipment based on electrical quantities such as current, voltage, and contact status. However, this method mainly relies on changes in switching quantities and has limited ability to sense the deterioration process of key components inside the mechanical system, especially the status monitoring of spring operating mechanisms.

[0052] The elastic performance of a circuit breaker spring is closely related to the magnitude of the elastic force it applies when deformed. When a spring has good elastic performance, it can apply a large elastic force after deformation. However, if the elastic performance of the same circuit breaker spring decreases due to fatigue, even with the same degree of deformation, the elastic force it applies will be smaller. Therefore, the quality of a circuit breaker spring's elastic performance can be tested by its reaction after deformation. Factors such as fatigue, material aging and corrosion, exceeding the elastic limit, excessively low or high temperatures, and mechanical damage can all significantly weaken the elastic performance of a circuit breaker spring.

[0053] For the minute deformation caused by the elastic force applied to the outside after the circuit breaker spring deforms, the relevant device uses sensors to identify and detect it. However, due to limitations in detection accuracy, it is not possible to directly and effectively identify the minute deformation of the circuit breaker spring system. The elastic state of the spring is difficult to perceive with high precision, and the monitoring method is complex and susceptible to interference, leading to inaccurate judgment of the circuit breaker fault status.

[0054] To improve data accuracy, the relevant devices are periodically manually calibrated to obtain initial sensor values ​​or redundant verification methods are implemented. However, this approach suffers from several drawbacks. Firstly, because the sensors are still mounted on the circuit breaker springs or along their deformation paths, it fails to address root causes such as environmental interference. Secondly, this structural design is complex and cumbersome, making it difficult to adapt to the compact internal space of circuit breakers. Furthermore, the high costs of manual maintenance and deployment fail to meet the "maintenance-free and intelligent" development requirements of modern power systems, making it unsuitable for unattended operation scenarios.

[0055] Therefore, referring to Figures 1 to 7 As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a circuit breaker with operational monitoring function, which at least solves the problems of difficulty in capturing minute deformations and severe interference from the circuit breaker environment when monitoring the elastic performance of the circuit breaker spring 1, resulting in insufficient monitoring accuracy. By changing the sensor type and structural settings, the minute deformation of the circuit breaker spring 1 is converted into a change in air pressure, achieving high sensitivity and indirect identification of the elastic characteristics of the circuit breaker spring 1, thus solving the problem of insufficient detection accuracy. At the same time, it does not occupy much space inside the circuit breaker, does not require multiple manual calibrations, and can obtain the deformation information of the circuit breaker spring 1 with "high accuracy and low interference", meeting the actual needs of modern smart grids for "low false alarms" and "zero calibration" in monitoring systems.

[0056] The circuit breaker provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a circuit breaker spring 1, a spring guide rod 13, and a base housing 2 fixed to one end of the circuit breaker spring 1. The structure for realizing the circuit breaker monitoring function includes a deformation component 3, a transmission component 4, and a detection component 5 disposed in the base housing 2; the spring guide rod 13 pulls the circuit breaker spring 1 and the base housing 2 to move; the deformation component 3 senses the slight deformation of the circuit breaker spring 1 after compression or extension, and transmits it to the detection component 5 through the transmission component 4 to output the monitoring result.

[0057] Specifically, refer to Figure 1 As shown, the circuit breaker spring 1 controls the opening and closing of the circuit breaker by storing and releasing energy. One end of the circuit breaker spring 1 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the base housing 2, and the end of the circuit breaker spring 1 away from the base housing 2 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 11. The fixing plate 11 is provided with a first through hole 12, and the end wall of the base housing 2 connected to the circuit breaker spring 1 is provided with a second through hole 21. The spring guide rod 13 is axially disposed at the center of the circuit breaker spring 1 and passes through the first through hole 12 and the second through hole 21. The end of the spring guide rod 13 near the first through hole 12 is away from the base housing 2 and is connected to the spring drive component, while the end of the spring guide rod 13 near the second through hole 21 is close to the base housing 2 and drives the base housing 2 to move synchronously.

[0058] When the circuit breaker is running, the spring drive unit drives the spring guide rod 13 to move along the axis of the circuit breaker spring 1, causing the base housing 2 to move synchronously. Since one end of the circuit breaker spring 1 is fixed by the fixing plate 11 and the other end is connected to the movable base housing 2, the length of the circuit breaker spring 1 can change when the base housing 2 moves, causing the circuit breaker spring 1 to compress or extend. The deformation direction of the circuit breaker spring 1 is consistent with the axial direction and the extension direction of the spring guide rod 13. After the circuit breaker spring 1 deforms under the traction of the base housing 2 and the spring guide rod 13, it will generate a relative elastic force on the base housing 2. The small deformation generated by the elastic force can be detected by the deformation component 3, the transmission component 4 and the detection component 5, thus realizing the detection of the elastic performance of the circuit breaker spring 1.

[0059] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the deformation assembly 3 includes a movable plate 31. The movable plate 31 is fixedly connected to the spring guide rod 13. Preferably, the movable plate 31 and the spring guide rod 13 are integrally formed. When the spring guide rod 13 pulls the circuit breaker spring 1 to deform, the movable plate 31 and the spring guide rod 13 move synchronously. The circuit breaker spring 1 applies a spring force to the base housing 2, causing a relative displacement between the movable plate 31 and the base housing 2. The amount of the relative displacement is related to the elastic performance of the circuit breaker spring 1, and the direction of the relative displacement is collinear with the deformation direction of the circuit breaker spring 1.

[0060] Furthermore, the deformation assembly 3 also includes a first elastic element 32 and a second elastic element 33. One end of the first elastic element 32 abuts against the inner wall of the base housing 2 along the deformation direction, and the other end abuts against the moving plate 31. One end of the second elastic element 33 abuts against the inner wall of the base housing 2 along the deformation direction, and the other end abuts against the moving plate 31. The second elastic element 33 and the first elastic element 32 are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the moving plate 31 to clamp the moving plate 31. The first elastic element 32 and the second elastic element 33 are configured to be in their natural state when the circuit breaker spring 1 is not deformed.

[0061] In Embodiment 1 of the present invention, referring to Figure 5 As shown, an annular groove 22 is provided on the inner side wall of the base housing 2. The annular groove 22 is recessed from the inner side wall of the base housing 2 along the radial direction of the cross section towards the outside of the base housing 2. The annular groove 22 includes a groove bottom and two oppositely arranged groove walls. The opposite direction of the two groove walls is the same as the direction of deformation of the circuit breaker spring 1. The plane containing the annular groove 22 is parallel to the cross section of the base housing 2 and perpendicular to the direction of deformation of the circuit breaker spring 1.

[0062] The annular groove 22 is used to accommodate the first elastic element 32 and the second elastic element 33. The first elastic element 32 and the second elastic element 33 are rubber rings made of elastic material such as rubber and fixed to the groove wall. The first elastic element 32 is fixed to one side of the groove wall, and the second elastic element 33 is fixed to the opposite side of the groove wall. The edge of the movable plate 31 extends into the annular groove 22 and is positioned in the gap between the first elastic element 32 and the second elastic element 33.

[0063] A transmission component 4 is provided below the deformation component 3 to transmit and amplify the displacement, as shown in the figure. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the annular groove 22 is positioned close to the second through hole 21 of the base housing 2, which provides sufficient installation and transmission space for the transmission assembly 4 and the detection assembly 5. Simultaneously, positioning the annular groove 22 close to the second through hole 21 reduces the extension length of the spring guide rod 13, meeting the requirements for lightweight and miniaturized circuit breakers.

[0064] When the circuit breaker spring 1 is in its natural state and has not deformed due to compression and tension, the width of the annular groove 22, the size of the elastic element, and the thickness of the moving plate 31 are set so that the moving plate 31 and the upper and lower elastic rubber rings are only in contact and do not generate force between them, thus presenting a stress-free state.

[0065] It should be noted that the spring drive applies force to the moving plate 31 and the spring guide rod 13, which can reduce the influence of the moving plate 31's own weight on the elastic ring. When the spring drive is connected above, the deformation caused by the moving plate 31's own weight in the first elastic element 32 and the second elastic element 33 is smaller than the deformation caused by the elastic force applied by the circuit breaker spring 1, and has no substantial impact on the detection of the detection component 5. The positions of the moving plate 31, the first elastic element 32, and the second elastic element 33 when the circuit breaker spring 1 is in its natural state can be used as the zero elastic force reference.

[0066] Specifically, refer to Figures 2 to 4 As shown, after the moving plate 31 of the deformation assembly 3 undergoes a small deformation due to the elastic force of the circuit breaker spring 1 via the first elastic element 32 or the second elastic element 33, the deformation is transmitted and amplified by the transmission assembly 4. The first end 41 of the transmission assembly 4 is connected to the side of the moving plate 31 away from the circuit breaker spring 1, and the second end 42 is connected to the detection assembly 5. The transmission assembly 4 is configured as a lever structure, and the displacement of the first end 41 of the transmission assembly 4 is the relative displacement of the moving plate 31. After being effectively amplified within a limited space by the lever structure, the displacement of the first end 41 of the transmission assembly 4 is less than the displacement of the second end 42.

[0067] In some embodiments, the transmission component 4 can be configured as a non-equilateral lever with a fixed fulcrum. The two ends of the non-equilateral lever are unequal in distance from the fulcrum, i.e., their lever arms are unequal. When the movable plate 31 moves, the non-equilateral lever rotates around the fulcrum, and the displacement at both ends is proportional to the length of their respective lever arms. The longer the lever arm, the greater the arc length it traverses at the same rotation angle, and the greater the displacement at that end. When the lever arm of the first end 41 is shorter than that of the second end 42, the second end 42 will generate a larger displacement as the lever rotates, thereby amplifying the displacement.

[0068] In some embodiments, the transmission component 4 can be configured as multiple non-equilateral levers fixed at multiple fulcrums and connected sequentially. Multiple sequentially connected non-equilateral levers can form a displacement amplification system, achieving a significant displacement increase effect through step-by-step transmission and amplification. The inventors have found that because the deformation of the moving plate 31 in response to elastic force is extremely small, a large amplification factor is required to achieve ideal monitoring accuracy. Therefore, the lever length required for a single non-equilateral lever is relatively long. Compared to a single lever, achieving continuous amplification through multiple lever stages better consolidates the amplification effect and space occupation, avoiding impact on the layout and normal operation of the circuit breaker's internal structure.

[0069] In Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the transmission assembly 4 includes a first lever 43 and a second lever 44. The first lever 43 is provided with a first fulcrum 4301, and the second lever 44 is provided with a second fulcrum 4401. The end of the first lever 43 near the first fulcrum 4301 is configured as the first end 41 of the transmission assembly 4, the end of the first lever 43 away from the first fulcrum 4301 is rotatably connected to the end of the second lever 44 near the second fulcrum 4401, and the end of the second lever 44 away from the second fulcrum 4401 is configured as the second end 42 of the transmission assembly 4.

[0070] The first end 41 is the short end of the first lever 43 and is connected to the moving plate 31. It experiences a small displacement due to the small displacement of the moving plate 31. The long end of the first lever 43 amplifies the displacement proportionally and transmits it directly to the short end of the second lever 44 through a rotational connection, becoming the input of the second lever 44. Since the second lever 44 is also a non-equilateral structure, its long end amplifies the displacement again based on the former, which is the displacement of the second end 42.

[0071] Reference Figure 4 As shown, a through hole is provided at the fulcrum of the first lever 43, and a first fixing rod 45 passes through it. Both ends of the first fixing rod 45 are fixed to the inner wall of the base housing 2. A through hole is provided at the fulcrum of the second lever 44, and a second fixing rod 46 passes through it. Both ends of the second fixing rod 46 are fixed to the inner wall of the base housing 2. The first fixing rod 45 and the second fixing rod 46 are arranged parallel to each other, which can prevent the multi-stage lever structure from blocking each other during operation.

[0072] Slide grooves are provided at the connections of the first lever 43 and the moving plate 31, the first lever 43 and the second lever 44, and the second lever 44 and the detection component 5. In Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the slide groove is configured as a double-ear structure, formed by two opposing plates with oblong holes. The piston rod 5102 of the first lever 43, the second lever 44, and the detection component 5 are all provided with slide rods capable of sliding in conjunction with this double-ear structure slide groove. The extension direction of the slide rod is perpendicular to the length direction of the oblong hole and parallel to the direction in which the two perforated plates are positioned opposite each other. The extension length of the slide rod is greater than or equal to the gap width between the two perforated plates. In other embodiments, the rotational connection positions between the levers at each level can also be configured with other structures, depending on whether they meet rotational connection and other practical requirements, and are not limited thereto.

[0073] Limited by the base housing 2 and the detection component 5 within it, the moving plate 31 can only move up and down along the inner wall of the base housing 2, i.e., the deformation direction of the circuit breaker spring 1. To prevent the lever end from being connected to other positions and hindering the movement of the moving plate 31, the connections at each stage of the lever are set as rotary connections. The slide rod slides along the track formed by the elongated hole in the slide groove, ensuring that the structural linkage does not affect the movement of each component.

[0074] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the bottom of the movable plate 31 is provided with a first slide groove 47, and the short end 41 of the first lever 43 is provided with a first slide rod 4302, which slides within the first slide groove 47. The long end of the first lever 43 away from the first fulcrum 4301 is provided with a second slide groove 48, and the short end of the second lever 44 near the second fulcrum 4401 is provided with a second slide rod 4402, which slides within the second slide groove 48. The long end 42 of the second lever 44 away from the second fulcrum 4401 is provided with a third slide groove 49, and the end of the piston rod 5102 of the detection component 5 is provided with a third slide rod 5103, which slides within the third slide groove 49.

[0075] Specifically, the displacement is amplified by the transmission component 4 and then detected by the detection component 5. The detection component 5 includes a sealed cylinder 53, a piston 51, and a pressure sensor based on micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS).

[0076] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the sealing cylinder 53 is disposed inside the base housing 2. The piston 51 includes a piston plate 5101 and a piston rod 5102. The piston plate 5101 is disposed inside the sealing cylinder 53 and is sealed to the inner wall of the sealing cylinder 53. One end of the piston rod 5102 is connected to the piston plate 5101, and the other end of the piston rod 5102 extends out of the sealing cylinder 53. A third slide rod 5103 is rotatably connected to the third slide groove 49 of the second end 42 of the transmission assembly 4. After amplifying the displacement, the transmission assembly 4 changes the position of the piston plate 5101 in the sealing cylinder 53 through the piston rod 5102, thereby changing the spatial volume and air pressure on one side of the piston plate 5101, which is read by the MEMS pressure sensor 52.

[0077] The piston plate 5101 includes a metal plate and a sealing ring. The sealing ring is arranged around the side of the metal plate. A lubrication layer is also provided between the piston plate 5101 and the inner wall of the sealing cylinder 53. The lubrication layer is composed of lubricating oil coated on the contact surface of the piston plate 5101 and the sealing cylinder 53. The lubrication layer effectively reduces the friction between the piston plate 5101 and the inner wall of the sealing cylinder 53, avoiding friction from affecting the test results.

[0078] The piston plate 5101 moves against the inner wall of the sealing cylinder 53, with the side of the piston plate 5101 away from the piston rod 5102 forming a closed space 6 with the inner wall of the sealing cylinder 53. As the piston plate 5101 moves, the volume and capacity of the closed space 6 change, and due to its airtightness, the gas pressure inside the closed space 6 changes. A MEMS pressure sensor 52 is disposed within the closed space 6. The MEMS pressure sensor 52 is a miniature device manufactured based on microelectromechanical systems technology, capable of converting the sensed minute pressure changes into electrical signal outputs, and has advantages such as small size, high sensitivity, fast response, and strong adaptability.

[0079] The MEMS pressure sensor 52, which uses gas as the measuring medium, can detect pressure changes caused by minute deformations of the circuit breaker spring 1 with high sensitivity. The MEMS pressure sensor 52 is installed within the enclosed space 6 of the sealed cylinder 53. Without interfering with the movement of the circuit breaker spring 1 or being affected by external temperature or electromagnetic interference, it captures pressure fluctuations within the enclosed space 6 in real time. Combined with the force response of the circuit breaker spring 1, it accurately identifies its elastic changes. This provides stable and reliable data support for circuit breaker operation status assessment and fault early warning, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of the monitoring system. The MEMS pressure sensor 52 monitors pressure changes within the enclosed space 6 in real time and transmits the data back to a controller centered on a microcontroller unit (MCU) to achieve data acquisition, processing, and anomaly detection, thus constructing an accurate and stable monitoring system.

[0080] Furthermore, in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the detection component 5 can also monitor the circuit breaker status from multiple angles and in all directions by introducing various types of sensors, thereby achieving cross-verification of information, improving the accuracy of fault identification, significantly reducing the false alarm rate, and ensuring that the system achieves the goal of high reliability and low false alarm.

[0081] Reference Figure 3As shown, in one possible implementation, the circuit breaker provided by this invention also has an acceleration sensor 71 installed on the bottom outer wall of the base housing 2. When the circuit breaker spring 1 returns from a compressed or stretched state to its natural state, its movement process undergoes a "stationary-moving-stationary" change, and the base housing 2 and its internal structure also move synchronously. At the instant of transition from stationary to moving, the base housing 2 acquires an initial acceleration, the magnitude of which is closely related to the elastic characteristics of the circuit breaker spring 1. Therefore, by measuring the initial acceleration of the base housing 2 at the moment of startup, the change in the elasticity of the circuit breaker spring 1 can be indirectly evaluated. The acceleration sensor 71 can monitor acceleration changes in real time. The data collected by the sensor is transmitted in real time to a controller with an MCU as its core, which analyzes and processes the data to determine whether the performance of the circuit breaker spring 1 is in a normal state. The controller compares and analyzes the real-time acceleration data transmitted back by the acceleration sensor 71 with the reference data of the circuit breaker spring 1 under normal operating conditions to determine whether the elastic characteristics of the circuit breaker spring 1 have changed abnormally. This comparison result can be used to help identify performance degradation or failure risk of the circuit breaker spring 1.

[0082] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in one possible implementation, the circuit breaker provided by this invention has a first temperature sensor 73 installed on the fixed plate 11 and a second temperature sensor 74 installed inside the sealed cylinder 53. Temperature changes typically affect the elastic characteristics of the circuit breaker spring 1, leading to deviations in the spring force. During normal operation of the circuit breaker, its internal ambient temperature should be maintained within a set stable range. When the temperature exceeds this range, it may indicate a fault in a component inside the circuit breaker or an abnormality in the external environment, causing abnormal fluctuations in the internal temperature. Such temperature abnormalities may not only affect the elastic performance of the circuit breaker spring 1 but may also shorten its service life in severe cases. To achieve real-time monitoring of the internal ambient temperature of the circuit breaker, this invention provides a first temperature sensor 73 and a second temperature sensor 74 to continuously collect temperature data and transmit it in real time to a controller with an MCU as its core. The controller dynamically analyzes the temperature changes to help determine whether the device is operating normally. The controller compares the internal ambient temperature data of the circuit breaker transmitted from the temperature sensors with the temperature reference of the circuit breaker under normal operating conditions to determine whether the circuit breaker has internal abnormalities or is affected by abnormal external environmental factors.

[0083] Reference Figure 7As shown, in one possible implementation, the circuit breaker provided by this invention incorporates a current sensor 72 at the connection point between the circuit breaker and the circuit. A circuit breaker is an electrical switching device used to connect, carry, and disconnect current, playing a control and protection role during normal circuit operation. In the event of overload, short circuit, or other faults, it can automatically disconnect the circuit to prevent equipment damage and fire risks. Under normal operating conditions, the current flowing through the circuit breaker should be within a safe range; however, under fault conditions, the current often far exceeds the normal value. If the circuit breaker itself malfunctions, preventing timely circuit disconnection, the abnormal current will persist, potentially leading to more serious safety hazards. To achieve real-time identification and response to abnormal current, this invention incorporates a current sensor 72 at the connection point between the circuit and the circuit breaker to continuously monitor the current flowing through the circuit breaker and transmit the data in real-time to a controller with an MCU as its core. The controller then performs judgment and processing to ensure the safety and reliability of the system operation. The controller compares and analyzes the circuit breaker current data transmitted by the current sensor 72 with the current range during normal circuit operation to determine whether the current is in an abnormal state. If the detected current continuously exceeds the normal range and does not disconnect for an extended period, it indicates that the circuit breaker may be faulty and unable to disconnect the circuit normally. In this case, the system will issue an alarm, requiring manual intervention to disconnect the circuit and ensure operational safety.

[0084] Research has revealed that the cavity air pressure may fluctuate due to changes in ambient temperature; abnormal current may originate from load changes rather than equipment failure; and changes in the performance of the circuit breaker spring 1 may also be due to aging or short-term disturbances from external impacts. Therefore, compared to relying on a single physical quantity such as pressure, temperature, or current as the basis for fault judgment, the circuit breaker provided in Embodiment 1 of this invention has a multi-dimensional information fusion mechanism, which makes it less prone to misjudgment under boundary conditions and meets the high standards of intelligent operation and maintenance of critical equipment.

[0085] The controller can also wirelessly upload data processing results to the central control center in real time, allowing staff to monitor the circuit breaker's operating status at any time. When a circuit breaker malfunctions, especially when an abnormal current occurs, its controller will immediately trigger a local alarm, and the central control center will simultaneously issue an alarm, promptly notifying relevant personnel to troubleshoot and handle the fault, ensuring the safety and timeliness of system operation.

[0086] The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function provided in Embodiment 1 of this invention effectively converts the minute deformation of the circuit breaker spring 1 into gas pressure changes by introducing a gas medium type MEMS pressure sensor 52 and combining it with an improved structural design, thus achieving high-precision status monitoring. A multi-stage lever amplification and variable structure combination method is used to achieve high integration without occupying the core space of the circuit breaker. This novel circuit breaker monitoring device, which achieves high-precision status monitoring of the circuit breaker spring 1 within a limited space, possesses anti-interference capabilities, realizes automatic compensation and zero calibration, and integrates multi-source data for intelligent judgment, meets the urgent need for comprehensive status perception of key equipment in the context of the rapid development of smart grids.

[0087] Furthermore, the circuit breaker with operation monitoring function provided in Embodiment 1 of this invention automatically achieves state calibration through a fitting function and temperature compensation mechanism, eliminating the need for manual calibration, reducing operation and maintenance costs, and possessing long-term stable operation capability. This adapts to the trend of "unattended operation" in smart grids and achieves the requirements of "zero calibration and maintenance-free design." By integrating multiple sensors such as an acceleration sensor 71, a temperature sensor, and a current sensor 72, an auxiliary information channel is constructed to achieve multi-angle cross-verification of fault symptoms, significantly improving diagnostic accuracy and reducing the probability of false alarms and missed alarms. The MCU-based control system can realize data acquisition, processing, anomaly judgment, and alarm linkage, and can wirelessly upload data to the central control center in real time, realizing remote visual management of the circuit breaker's operating status and rapid fault response.

[0088] Reference Figure 8 As shown, Embodiment 2 of the present invention also provides a circuit breaker monitoring method, which monitors the circuit breaker using the circuit breaker with operation monitoring function provided in Embodiment 1. The specific circuit breaker monitoring method includes:

[0089] The spring drive unit drives the spring guide rod 13 to move, and the spring guide rod 13 drives the moving plate 31 and the base housing 2 to move synchronously, so that the circuit breaker spring 1 changes from a static natural state to a compressed or stretched deformation state through movement. The deformed circuit breaker spring 1 applies a spring force to the base housing 2. The base housing 2, under the action of the spring force, moves relative to the moving plate 31 of the deformation assembly 3.

[0090] When the circuit breaker spring 1 is compressed, the spring guide rod 13 drives the entire base housing 2 and its internal structure to move upward via the moving plate 31. The circuit breaker spring 1 applies a downward elastic force to the base housing 2, causing the first elastic element 32 above to change from a stress-free contact state to a state of compression deformation with the moving plate 31, resulting in compression deformation of the first elastic element 32. Simultaneously, the base housing 2, under the action of the elastic force, undergoes downward displacement relative to the moving plate 31. Due to the relativity of motion, the moving plate 31 undergoes upward displacement relative to the base housing 2.

[0091] When the circuit breaker spring 1 is stretched, the spring guide rod 13 drives the entire base housing 2 and its internal structure to move downwards via the moving plate 31. The circuit breaker spring 1 applies an upward pulling force to the base housing 2, which increases with the degree of stretching. When the pulling force exceeds the effect of gravity, the lower second elastic element 33 changes from a stress-free contact state with the moving plate 31 to a state of compression deformation, and the second elastic element 33 deforms. Simultaneously, the base housing 2 displaces upwards relative to the moving plate 31. Due to the relativity of motion, the moving plate 31 displaces downwards relative to the base housing 2.

[0092] Compared to the direct connection of the piston rod 5102 of the detection component 5 to the circuit breaker spring 1, the deformation component 3 can visually demonstrate the minute deformation generated by the elasticity of the circuit breaker spring 1 through the deformation of the first elastic element 32 or the second elastic element 33. The deformation of the first elastic element 32 and the second elastic element 33 is larger and visible to the naked eye, thus making the relative displacement between the base housing 2 and the moving plate 31 clearly visible. This significantly enhances the response to changes in air pressure within the sealed cavity, improves the sensitivity of pressure detection, and reduces measurement errors. When the piston rod 5102 of the detection component 5 is directly connected to the circuit breaker spring 1, the deformation generated by the spring force is extremely small and difficult to detect with the naked eye, resulting in a similarly weak change in air pressure, which is prone to causing large measurement errors and affecting the monitoring accuracy and stability.

[0093] The displacement of the movable plate 31 is related to the elastic performance of the circuit breaker spring 1, as well as the materials of the first elastic element 32 and the second elastic element 33. The first elastic element 32 and the second elastic element 33 not only make the deformation visible and easy to observe, but also convert the small displacement of the solid material base shell 2 into a more significant deformation of the elastic rubber ring material, which is convenient for magnification and changing the position of the piston 51 of the detection component 5.

[0094] After the base housing 2 moves relative to the moving plate 31 of the deformation component 3 under the action of elastic force, the relative displacement of the moving plate 31 is amplified by the transmission component 4. Compared with the method of directly amplifying the small deformation of the elastic force of the circuit breaker spring 1, since the relative displacement itself is already visible to the naked eye, the required amplification factor does not need to be too large, and the displacement can be effectively expanded to the high sensitivity response range of the MEMS pressure sensor 52. Preferably, in this embodiment of the invention, the measurement accuracy of the MEMS pressure sensor 52 is better than 0.1 kPa, which can significantly improve the detection accuracy of the elastic change of the circuit breaker spring 1, thereby effectively reducing errors and improving the stability and reliability of the monitoring system.

[0095] When the movable plate 31 moves upward or downward relative to the base housing 2, the first slide rod 4302 moves in an arc along the first slide groove 47 at the bottom of the movable plate 31 around the first fixed rod 45, driving the second slide groove 48 at its long end to rotate synchronously. The second slide rod 4402 at the short end of the second lever 44 is inserted into the second slide groove 48 at the long end of the first lever 43. With its arc movement, the second lever 44 also rotates synchronously around the second fixed rod 46, causing its third slide groove 49 at its long end to shift synchronously. Finally, the third slide rod 5103 at the top of the piston rod 5102 is located in the third slide groove 49 at the long end of the second lever 44. Driven by this linkage structure, it achieves vertical displacement, thereby driving the piston plate 5101 to compress or expand the enclosed space 6, thus changing the internal air pressure.

[0096] The MEMS pressure sensor 52 in the enclosed space 6 outputs air pressure change data based on the air pressure change; the air pressure change data is used to obtain the circuit breaker monitoring results.

[0097] Meanwhile, the data collected by the acceleration sensor 71, the first temperature sensor 73, the second temperature sensor 74, and the current sensor 72 are also used to obtain the circuit breaker monitoring results.

[0098] The operational monitoring results obtained from sensor data include:

[0099] MEMS pressure sensor 52 monitors air pressure changes within the enclosed space 6, thereby indirectly reflecting the stress state of the circuit breaker spring 1. The MEMS pressure sensor 52 converts this change into an electrical signal. Considering the significant influence of temperature on air pressure, the controller incorporates temperature sensor data for compensation and correction. Subsequently, based on a pre-constructed "air pressure change-elasticity response" fitting function, it calculates whether the circuit breaker spring 1 is currently in a normal elastic state. This function is embedded in the MCU for online calculation, enabling zero-calibration and high-precision elasticity assessment. The fitting function used is obtained based on past experimental data, including the actual deformation caused by the elasticity of the circuit breaker spring 1 and the final data from the MEMS pressure sensor 52. This fitting function is obtained by collecting actual measurement data from the MEMS pressure sensor 52 under different elasticity and temperature conditions and performing multivariate fitting using software such as Origin. The fitting results are used to write an embedded processing program for the MCU to perform real-time calculation and elasticity state judgment on the sensor data.

[0100] After compression or release, the circuit breaker spring 1 exhibits a significant dynamic response. The initial acceleration of its base housing 2 at the moment of activation is closely related to its elastic characteristics. Accelerometer 71 collects the acceleration characteristics of the circuit breaker spring 1 at the moment of activation or release. The signal collected by accelerometer 71 is compared and analyzed with data from a standard spring template. If abnormal dynamic response characteristics are detected, such as delayed response, reduced amplitude, or abnormal oscillation fluctuations, the system will determine that the circuit breaker spring 1 has experienced performance degradation, structural aging, or potential fault risk.

[0101] An abnormal rise in the internal temperature of the circuit breaker may originate from localized overheating of the components, ambient temperature rise, or a malfunction in the control system. Temperature sensors are deployed both inside the sealed cavity and inside the circuit breaker to sense ambient temperature and operating thermal state. When the temperature abnormally exceeds the set range, the control system determines it as a potential thermal fault or external interference. Dynamic analysis of temperature sensor data is used to check for persistently high, abrupt, or asymmetric temperature rise phenomena. The controller compares the current data with the set temperature threshold to determine if there is a trend towards thermal runaway, and incorporates changes in the performance of the circuit breaker spring 1 as one of the cross-validation conditions for anomalies.

[0102] Current sensor 72 collects the main circuit current signal to monitor the fluctuation of the main circuit current of the circuit breaker in real time. The controller continuously compares the current to detect any abnormal overload, spikes, or circuit failures. For example, in a scenario where a circuit breaker fails to trip, the current remains abnormal even though the control signal has been triggered. In this case, the system combines the state of the circuit breaker spring 1 with the current curve to determine the possibility of a mechanical fault in the circuit breaker and enters an alarm preparation state.

[0103] When any of the detection results for spring 1 of the circuit breaker exceeding the normal range, such as elastic decay, thermal runaway, or uninterrupted current, the controller initiates an alarm process. Real-time alarms are issued via local audible and visual devices, and abnormal information is uploaded to a remote monitoring center via wireless communication modules such as LoRa and NB-IoT. The remote platform can receive, locate, and schedule maintenance tasks in real time, ensuring the safe operation of the circuit breaker and efficient emergency response. A complete record is generated for each monitoring process, including: data curves from various sensors, analysis and judgment results, alarm trigger sequence, and abnormality level assessment. This data is stored in a local database or cloud platform for subsequent maintenance traceability, fault analysis, and AI model training, and also provides data support for establishing circuit breaker health records and supporting predictive maintenance.

[0104] Based on the above steps, Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a circuit breaker monitoring scheme with a compact structure, accurate response, and zero calibration and multi-source diagnostic capabilities, which can be widely used in circuit breaker fault prediction and operation and maintenance.

[0105] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0106] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0107] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker with operation monitoring function, characterized in that, include: The circuit breaker spring (1), the base housing (2) fixed to one end of the circuit breaker spring (1), and the deformation assembly (3), the transmission assembly (4) and the detection assembly (5) disposed in the base housing (2). The deformation assembly (3) includes a movable plate (31) configured to generate relative displacement with the base housing (2) after the circuit breaker spring (1) is deformed; The first end (41) of the transmission assembly (4) is connected to the side of the moving plate (31) away from the circuit breaker spring (1), and the second end (42) of the transmission assembly (4) is connected to the detection assembly (5); the transmission assembly (4) is configured as a lever structure, and the displacement of the first end (41) is less than the displacement of the second end (42); The detection component (5) includes a piston (51) and a MEMS pressure sensor (52). One end of the piston (51) is connected to the second end (42) of the transmission component (4), and the other end of the piston (51) is movably sealed to a closed space (6). The MEMS pressure sensor (52) is disposed in the closed space (6).

2. The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the circuit breaker spring (1) away from the base housing (2) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (11), and the fixing plate (11) is provided with a first through hole (12); the end wall of the base housing (2) connected to the circuit breaker spring (1) is provided with a second through hole (21). The movable plate (31) is connected to one end of the spring guide rod (13), which is axially positioned at the center of the circuit breaker spring (1) and passes through the first through hole (12) and the second through hole (21). The end of the spring guide rod (13) away from the movable plate (31) is connected to the spring drive member.

3. The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The deformation component (3) includes a first elastic element (32) and a second elastic element (33); One end of the first elastic element (32) along the deformation direction of the circuit breaker spring (1) abuts against the inner wall of the base housing (2), and the other end abuts against the moving plate (31). One end of the second elastic member (33) along the deformation direction abuts against the inner wall of the base housing (2), and the other end abuts against the moving plate (31). The second elastic member (33) and the first elastic member (32) are disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the moving plate (31). The first elastic member (32) and the second elastic member (33) are configured to be in a natural state when the circuit breaker spring (1) is not deformed.

4. The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner sidewall of the base housing (2) is provided with an annular groove (22), the plane of the annular groove (22) is perpendicular to the deformation direction, and the two side walls of the annular groove (22) are arranged opposite to each other along the deformation direction; the first elastic element (32) and the second elastic element (33) are rubber rings and fixed to the groove wall.

5. The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission component (4) is configured as a non-equilateral lever, or the transmission component (4) is configured as a plurality of non-equilateral levers connected in sequence; a fixed rod is inserted at the fulcrum of the non-equilateral lever, and the two ends of the fixed rod are fixed to the inner wall of the base housing (2).

6. The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (4) includes a first lever (43) and a second lever (44), the first lever (43) having a first fulcrum (4301) and the second lever (44) having a second fulcrum (4401). The end of the first lever (43) near the first fulcrum (4301) is set as the first end (41) of the transmission assembly (4), the end of the first lever (43) away from the first fulcrum (4301) is rotatably connected to the end of the second lever (44) near the second fulcrum (4401), and the end of the second lever (44) away from the second fulcrum (4401) is set as the second end (42) of the transmission assembly (4).

7. The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection component (5) further includes a sealing cylinder (53), and the piston (51) includes a piston plate (5101) and a piston rod (5102), with the piston plate (5101) disposed inside the sealing cylinder (53); One end of the piston rod (5102) is connected to the piston plate (5101), and the other end extends out of the sealing cylinder (53) and is rotatably connected to the second end (42) of the transmission assembly (4); The piston plate (5101) moves against the inner wall of the sealing cylinder (53) on its side, and the side of the piston plate (5101) away from the piston rod (5102) and the inner wall of the sealing cylinder (53) enclose the closed space (6).

8. The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function according to claim 7, characterized in that, The piston plate (5101) includes a metal plate and a sealing ring, the sealing ring being arranged around the side of the metal plate; a lubrication layer is also provided between the piston plate (5101) and the inner wall of the sealing cylinder (53).

9. The circuit breaker with operation monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an accelerometer (71), a current sensor (72), and a temperature sensor; The acceleration sensor (71) is located at the bottom of the base housing (2); the current sensor (72) is located at the connection between the circuit breaker and the circuit; the temperature sensor is fixed inside the base housing (2) and / or fixed on the fixing plate (11) connected to the circuit breaker spring (1).

10. A circuit breaker monitoring method, based on a circuit breaker with operation monitoring function as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The circuit breaker monitoring method includes: The circuit breaker spring (1) deforms, and the deformed circuit breaker spring (1) applies a spring force to the base housing (2); The base housing (2) moves relative to the moving plate (31) of the deformation assembly (3); The displacement of the moving plate (31) is amplified by the transmission assembly (4) and transmitted to the piston (51) of the detection assembly (5), and the piston (51) is displaced. The displacement of the piston (51) changes the volume of the enclosed space (6) and the air pressure inside the enclosed space (6); The MEMS pressure sensor (52) in the enclosed space (6) outputs air pressure change data according to the air pressure change; the circuit breaker monitoring results are obtained based on the air pressure change data.

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