A plate shearing mechanism of a plate shearing machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a shearing mechanism for a shearing machine, belonging to the technical field of shearing machines. It includes a shearing cabinet and a pressure cylinder mounted at the inlet of the shearing cabinet. A shearing unit is installed on one side of the shearing cabinet's inner cavity. The shearing unit includes a gap adjustment component slidably installed within the shearing cabinet, and a moving blade is mounted within the gap adjustment component via a mounting bracket. Through the shearing unit and the back gauge unit, the bending deformation of the steel strip during shearing is suppressed. The upper positioning component moves downward in real time following the moving blade, applying dynamic clamping force to the sheet metal in the shearing area. This, combined with the pressure cylinder fixing the front end of the sheet metal, effectively counteracts the local stress concentration caused by uneven shearing force from the oblique blade, preventing bending of thin plates during shearing. Simultaneously, horizontal stability is achieved during the shearing process. The support component is kept horizontal by the oblique rod of the back gauge unit and moves downward synchronously with the moving blade, ensuring the sheet metal in the shearing area remains horizontal throughout, reducing warping caused by the oblique shearing force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shearing machine technology, and more particularly to a shearing mechanism for a shearing machine. Background Technology

[0002] A shearing machine is a machine that uses one blade to reciprocate linearly relative to another blade to shear sheet metal. With the help of a moving upper blade and a fixed lower blade, and by using a reasonable blade gap, it applies shearing force to metal sheets of various thicknesses, causing the sheet metal to break and separate to the required dimensions.

[0003] Among them, the oblique blade shearing machine, due to its oblique blade design, can reduce the shearing force requirement and is widely used for cutting thin steel plates.

[0004] However, when shearing thin plates, the cut steel strips are prone to bending and deformation: when the oblique blade is shearing, the shearing force is not uniformly distributed along the width of the plate. Due to the low bending stiffness of the thin plate, it is easy to bend in the local stress concentration area. At the same time, traditional shearing machines lack a real-time dynamic clamping device for the shearing area. Under the action of shearing force, the thin plate is prone to warping or sliding, which further aggravates the bending deformation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that when shearing with a beveled blade, the shearing force is not uniformly distributed along the width of the plate, and thin plates are prone to bending in local stress concentration areas due to their low bending stiffness. Therefore, a shearing mechanism for a shearing machine is proposed.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A shearing mechanism for a shearing machine includes a shearing cabinet and a pressure cylinder assembled at the inlet of the shearing cabinet. A shearing unit is installed on one side of the inner cavity of the shearing cabinet. The shearing unit includes a gap adjustment component that is slidably installed in the shearing cabinet. A moving blade is installed in the gap adjustment component through a mounting bracket. A fixed blade is fixed on one side wall of the shearing cabinet near the inlet.

[0008] The plate to be cut is positioned in real time by the upper positioning component installed on the back of the mounting frame, which moves down together with the moving blade during the cutting process;

[0009] A support assembly is installed on the side of the shearing cabinet cavity near the fixed blade. The support assembly includes a horizontal frame that is slidably installed on the inner wall of the shearing cabinet, and a support plate is rotatably connected to the horizontal frame via a spring hinge.

[0010] A back gauge unit is installed on the other side of the shearing cabinet cavity, which drives the support plate to rotate and fit against the horizontal frame when the material is blocked.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0012] The upper positioning assembly includes a retainer fixed to the mounting bracket, and an upper pressure plate is connected inside the retainer via a first spring.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0014] The support assembly also includes a telescopic rod fixed to the bottom wall of the fixed shearing cabinet. A linkage plate is fixed to one end of the telescopic rod, and a pull rope is fixed to the linkage plate. A guide tube is fixed to the inner wall of the horizontal frame. One end of the pull rope passing through the guide tube is fixed to the lower surface of the support plate. A second spring is fixed to both ends of the horizontal frame, and one end of the second spring is connected to the inner wall of the shearing cabinet.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0016] An extension plate is slidably connected inside the support plate by a cross-shaped groove, and a third spring with one end fixed to the extension plate is fixed to one side wall of the cross-shaped groove.

[0017] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0018] The back gauge unit includes a crossbeam fixed to the shearing cabinet, a third driving component is mounted on the crossbeam, a back gauge plate is fixed to one end of the third driving component, and two inclined rods are fixed to the bottom of the back gauge plate.

[0019] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0020] The gap adjustment assembly includes a retaining frame slidably connected inside the shearing cabinet, a first driving component with one end connected to the retaining frame installed on the top of one side wall of the shearing cabinet, a mounting bracket slidably connected inside the retaining frame, and a second driving component with one end connected to the mounting bracket fixed on the top wall inside the retaining frame.

[0021] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0022] The back of the shearing cabinet is provided with a receiving unit, which includes a receiving box. A slide is fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the shearing cabinet. One end of the slide is placed on the lower surface of the extension plate, and the other end of the slide is attached to the receiving box.

[0023] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0024] A receiving platform is slidably connected inside the receiving box, and the bottom of the receiving platform is connected to the bottom wall of the receiving box via a fourth spring.

[0025] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0026] One end of the moving blade is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket, and a fourth driving component is rotatably connected to the top wall of the mounting bracket, with one end of the fourth driving component rotatably connected to the moving blade.

[0027] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0028] By setting up a shearing unit and a back gauge unit, the bending deformation of the steel strip during shearing is suppressed: the upper positioning component follows the moving blade downward in real time, applies dynamic clamping force to the plate in the shearing area, and works with the pressure cylinder to fix the front end of the plate, effectively offsetting the local stress concentration caused by uneven shearing force of the oblique blade, and avoiding bending of the thin plate during shearing;

[0029] Simultaneously, horizontal stability is achieved during the shearing process: the support component is kept horizontal by the inclined rod of the back gauge unit and moves down synchronously with the moving blade to ensure that the plate in the shearing area is horizontal throughout the process, reducing warping caused by inclined shearing force;

[0030] After shearing, the support plate tilts under the drive of the spring hinge, and the sheared steel strip slides down the slide table to the receiving box receiving platform for automatic collection. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shear cabinet in its initial state, according to an embodiment of the present invention, is shown.

[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the shearing cabinet after shearing of sheet metal is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of a support component provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structural installation of the shear cabinet cavity provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the gap adjustment assembly provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0037] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a planar structure of a support plate in a horizontal state according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0038] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the plane structure of the support plate in an inclined state according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0039] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting bracket provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0040] Figure 10 The present invention provides an embodiment of the invention. Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 11 The present invention provides an embodiment of the invention. Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0042] Legend:

[0043] 10. Shearing cabinet;

[0044] 20. Material pressing cylinder;

[0045] 30. Shearing unit; 31. Gap adjustment assembly; 311. Holding frame; 312. First drive component; 32. Mounting bracket; 33. Moving blade; 34. Upper positioning assembly; 341. Holding frame; 342. First spring; 343. Upper pressure plate; 35. Fixed blade; 36. Support assembly; 361. Horizontal frame; 362. Support plate; 363. Telescopic rod; 364. Linkage plate; 365. Pull rope; 366. Guide rope tube; 367. Second spring; 368. Extension plate; 37. Second drive component; 38. Fourth drive component;

[0046] 40. Back gauge unit; 41. Third drive component; 42. Back gauge plate; 43. Inclined bar;

[0047] 50. Receiving unit; 51. Receiving box; 52. Slide table; 53. Receiving platform; 54. Fourth spring. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] like Figure 1 - Figure 11 As shown, the present invention provides:

[0050] A shearing mechanism for a shearing machine includes a shearing cabinet 10 and a pressure cylinder 20 assembled at the inlet of the shearing cabinet 10. In particular, after the shearing position of the plate is restricted, the pressure cylinder 20 fixes the front end position of the plate.

[0051] A shearing unit 30 is installed on one side of the inner cavity of the shearing cabinet 10. The shearing unit 30 includes a gap adjustment component 31 that is slidably installed in the shearing cabinet 10. A moving blade 33 is installed in the gap adjustment component 31 through a mounting bracket 32. Preferably, the moving blade 33 is a slanted blade. A fixed blade 35 is fixed on one side wall of the shearing cabinet 10 near the inlet.

[0052] The gap adjustment assembly 31 includes a retaining frame 311 slidably connected to the shearing cabinet 10, a first driving member 312 connected to the retaining frame 311 at one end is installed on the top of one side wall of the shearing cabinet 10, a mounting bracket 32 ​​is slidably connected to the retaining frame 311, and a second driving member 37 connected to the mounting bracket 32 ​​at one end is fixed on the top wall inside the retaining frame 311.

[0053] The first driving component 312 can push the retaining frame 311 to drive the mounting bracket 32 ​​and the moving blade 33 to move back and forth, so that the distance between the moving blade 33 and the fixed blade 35 can be adapted to the plate of different thicknesses.

[0054] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 11 As shown, the plate to be cut is positioned in real time by moving down together with the moving blade 33 during the cutting process via the upper positioning component 34 installed on the back of the mounting frame 32;

[0055] The upper positioning assembly 34 includes a retainer 341 fixed to the mounting bracket 32. An upper pressure plate 343 is connected inside the retainer 341 via a first spring 342. Specifically, the retainer 341 is T-shaped and the upper pressure plate 343 is L-shaped.

[0056] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a support assembly 36 is installed on the side of the inner cavity of the shearing cabinet 10 near the fixed blade 35. The support assembly 36 includes a horizontal frame 361 that is slidably installed on the inner wall of the shearing cabinet 10. A support plate 362 is rotatably connected to the horizontal frame 361 via a spring hinge.

[0057] The support assembly 36 also includes a telescopic rod 363 on the bottom wall of the fixed shear cabinet 10. Preferably, the telescopic rod 363 includes a main rod and a secondary rod. The secondary rod is inserted into the main rod, and a sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the main rod, while a slider that matches the sliding groove is provided on the outer wall of the secondary rod. The sliding groove limits the extension length of the secondary rod within the main rod.

[0058] One end of the telescopic rod 363 is fixed with a linkage plate 364, and a pull rope 365 is fixed on the linkage plate 364. A guide tube 366 is fixed on the inner wall of the horizontal frame 361. One end of the pull rope 365, which passes through the guide tube 366, is fixed to the lower surface of the support plate 362. Preferably, a ball bearing is embedded in the inner wall of the guide tube 366 to allow the pull rope 365 to move smoothly within the guide tube 366. In the initial state, the support plate 362 is in contact with the surface of the horizontal frame 361 under the action of the back gauge unit 40, i.e., it is in a horizontal state. When the back gauge unit 40 moves away from the linkage plate 364, the support plate 362 gradually tilts upward under the action of the spring hinge. At the same time, the tilt angle of the support plate 362 can be limited under the action of the telescopic rod 363. During the tilting process, the sheared sheet material on its surface can be driven to slide to one side for easy subsequent collection.

[0059] Both ends of the horizontal frame 361 are fixed with a second spring 367. One end of the second spring 367 is connected to the inner wall of the shearing cabinet 10. Preferably, an auxiliary telescopic rod is inserted into the center of the second spring 367 to guide the second spring 367 during compression and unfolding, so that it can be compressed or unfolded smoothly.

[0060] An extension plate 368 is slidably connected inside the support plate 362 via a cross-shaped groove. A third spring is fixed to one end of the cross-shaped groove and is fixed to the extension plate 368. It is worth noting that the sum of the elastic forces of the second spring 367, the third spring, and the spring hinge is less than the elastic force of the first spring 342. When the upper pressure plate 343 moves downward with the blade, it will push the support plate 362 and the horizontal frame 361 downward.

[0061] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a back gauge unit 40 is installed on the other side of the inner cavity of the shearing cabinet 10, which drives the support plate 362 to rotate and fit against the horizontal frame 361 when the material is blocked.

[0062] The back gauge unit 40 includes a crossbar fixed to the shearing cabinet 10. A third drive member 41 is mounted on the crossbar. Preferably, the first drive member 37, the second drive member 312 and the third drive member 41 are electric hydraulic push rods or cylinders. One end of the third drive member 41 is fixed to a back gauge plate 42. Two inclined rods 43 are fixed to the bottom of the back gauge plate 42. Preferably, the back gauge plate 42 is slidably connected to the shearing cabinet 10. At the same time, a slot corresponding to the inclined rods 43 is opened at the bottom of one side wall of the shearing cabinet 10. When the inclined rods 43 move forward with the back gauge plate 42, they will be inserted into the slots and slide. In particular, in the initial state, the horizontal section of the inclined rods 43 abuts against the linkage plate 364, applying a downward force to the linkage plate 364, so that it can pull the support plate 362 to maintain a horizontal state through the pull rope 365. The front of the back gauge plate 42 is in contact with the end of the extension plate 368. In this state, no thrust is generated on the extension plate 368 to drive it to move forward.

[0063] When the sheet material to be sheared is placed on the surface of the shearing cabinet 10, the third drive component 41 pushes the back baffle 42 forward to restrict the position of the sheet material. During the process, the extension plate 368 is pushed forward to accommodate sheet materials with different shearing width requirements. The width of the extension plate 368 extending beyond the support plate 362 after the extension plate 368 has moved + the width of the support plate 362 itself = the width of the sheet material to be sheared. During the forward movement, the horizontal section of the inclined rod 43 always abuts against the linkage plate 364, so that the support plate 362 can remain horizontal, and thus the part of the sheet material on the surface of the support plate 362 also remains horizontal.

[0064] After the position of the plate is restricted in the above manner, by activating the second drive unit 37, the mounting bracket 32 ​​can be driven to move the moving blade 33 downward. During the movement, just before the moving blade 33 is about to contact the plate, the upper pressure plate 343 will first contact the surface of the plate and push against the plate in real time during the continued movement. Together with the support plate 362, the part of the plate to be cut off can be kept horizontal to avoid warping.

[0065] After shearing, the moving blade 33 is reset to its original position. Then, the third drive unit 41 drives the rear stop plate 42 to move backward until the inclined bar 43 is away from the linkage plate 364, releasing the pressure on the linkage plate 364. After contact, under the action of the spring hinge, the support plate 362 will drive the extension plate 368 to tilt upward, so that the sheared plate can slide down by itself. It is worth noting that when the spring hinge drives the support plate 362 to tilt upward, the linkage plate 364 will move upward under the action of the pull rope 365. After it moves, its surface is in a position lower than the highest point of the inclined surface at the end of the inclined bar 43. At the same time, the width of the support plate 362 is the minimum width that the blade can keep the plate being cut smoothly.

[0066] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a receiving unit 50 is provided on the back of the shearing cabinet 10. The receiving unit 50 includes a receiving box 51. A slide table 52 is fixed to the bottom of the inner wall of the shearing cabinet 10. One end of the slide table 52 is placed on the lower surface of the extension plate 368, and the other end of the slide table 52 is attached to the receiving box 51. A receiving platform 53 is slidably connected inside the receiving box 51. The bottom of the receiving platform 53 is connected to the bottom wall of the receiving box 51 through a fourth spring 54.

[0067] Specifically, after the sheet material is cut, the support plate 362 tilts upward to allow the sheet material to gradually slide onto the surface of the slide table 52, and then falls onto the surface of the receiving platform 53 for collection. After falling onto the surface of the receiving platform 53, the receiving platform 53 will move downward a certain distance under the action of the sheet material's gravity to receive the next sheet material. After the receiving platform is full, the empty receiving box 51 is replaced or the receiving sheet material in the original box is transferred.

[0068] One end of the moving blade 33 is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket 32. A fourth driving member 38 is rotatably connected to the top wall of the mounting bracket 32. One end of the fourth driving member 38 is rotatably connected to the moving blade 33. Preferably, the fourth driving member 38 is a multi-section hydraulic cylinder.

[0069] Specifically, when it is not necessary to pay attention to whether the material to be cut is bent, the material can be cut by driving the moving blade 33 to rotate around the mounting frame 32 through the fourth driving component 38, or by driving the moving blade 33 to move vertically downward. It is worth noting that before this operation, the support component 36 and the slide table 52 need to be disassembled, and the receiving box 51 can be placed directly in the material dropping position inside the shearing cabinet 10.

[0070] Specifically, the shearing mechanism of this shearing machine operates / is used as follows:

[0071] 1. Adjust the blade gap: According to the thickness of the plate to be sheared, start the first drive component 312 to push the holding frame 311 to move back and forth, and adjust the distance between the moving blade 33 and the fixed blade 35 to a suitable position;

[0072] 2. Place and fix the sheet material: Place the sheet material on the surface of the shearing cabinet 10, and fix the front end of the sheet material with the pressure cylinder 20 to limit its initial position;

[0073] 3. Adjust the back gauge position: Start the third drive component 41 to push the back gauge plate 42 forward, and simultaneously drive the inclined rod 43 to push against the linkage plate 364. Pull the support plate 362 to keep it horizontal by pulling the rope 365; the back gauge plate 42 pushes the extension plate 368 forward, so that "the extension width of the extension plate 368 + the width of the support plate 362 itself" equals the target shearing width.

[0074] 4. Start shearing: Start the second drive unit 37 to drive the mounting bracket 32 ​​to move the moving blade 33 downward; before the moving blade 33 contacts the plate, the upper pressure plate 343 presses the plate surface first through the first spring 342, and moves downward in real time with the moving blade 33, and works with the support plate 362 to maintain the shearing area horizontally to complete the shearing.

[0075] 5. Reset and unloading: After shearing, the upward-moving blade 33 returns to its initial position; the third driving component 41 pulls back the back stop plate 42, releasing the obstruction of the inclined rod 43 on the linkage plate 364. The support plate 362 tilts under the drive of the spring hinge, and the sheared steel strip slides down to the slide table 52, and slides into the receiving platform 53 of the receiving box 51; the receiving platform 53 moves down under the weight of the plate, compressing the fourth spring 54, to provide space for receiving the next plate.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shearing mechanism for a shearing machine, comprising a shearing cabinet (10) and a pressure cylinder (20) assembled at the inlet of the shearing cabinet (10), characterized in that, A shearing unit (30) is installed on one side of the inner cavity of the shearing cabinet (10). The shearing unit (30) includes a gap adjustment component (31) that is slidably installed in the shearing cabinet (10). A moving blade (33) is installed in the gap adjustment component (31) through a mounting bracket (32). A fixed blade (35) is fixed on one side wall of the shearing cabinet (10) near the inlet. The plate to be cut is positioned in real time by moving down together with the moving blade (33) during the cutting process via the upper positioning component (34) installed on the back of the mounting frame (32); A support assembly (36) is installed on the side of the inner cavity of the shearing cabinet (10) near the fixed blade (35). The support assembly (36) includes a horizontal frame (361) that is slidably installed on the inner wall of the shearing cabinet (10). A support plate (362) is rotatably connected to the horizontal frame (361) via a spring hinge. A back gauge unit (40) is installed on the other side of the inner cavity of the shearing cabinet (10), which drives the support plate (362) to rotate and fit against the horizontal frame (361) when the material is blocked; The upper positioning component (34) includes a retainer (341) fixed on the mounting bracket (32), and an upper pressure plate (343) is connected inside the retainer (341) by a first spring (342). The support assembly (36) also includes a telescopic rod (363) on the inner bottom wall of the fixed shearing cabinet (10). One end of the telescopic rod (363) is fixed with a linkage plate (364). A pull rope (365) is fixed on the linkage plate (364). A guide tube (366) is fixed on the inner wall of the horizontal frame (361). One end of the pull rope (365) that passes through the guide tube (366) is fixed to the lower surface of the support plate (362). A second spring (367) is fixed at both ends of the horizontal frame (361). One end of the second spring (367) is connected to the inner wall of the shearing cabinet (10). The back gauge unit (40) includes a crossbar fixed to the shearing cabinet (10), a third drive member (41) is mounted on the crossbar, a back gauge plate (42) is fixed at one end of the third drive member (41), and two inclined rods (43) are fixed at the bottom of the back gauge plate (42).

2. The shearing mechanism of a shearing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, An extension plate (368) is slidably connected to the support plate (362) through a cross groove, and a third spring with one end fixed to the extension plate (368) is fixed to one side wall of the cross groove.

3. The shearing mechanism of a shearing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gap adjustment assembly (31) includes a retaining frame (311) slidably connected to the shearing cabinet (10). A first driving member (312) with one end connected to the retaining frame (311) is installed on the top of one side wall of the shearing cabinet (10). The mounting bracket (32) is slidably connected to the retaining frame (311). A second driving member (37) with one end connected to the mounting bracket (32) is fixed on the top wall inside the retaining frame (311).

4. The shearing mechanism of a shearing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The back of the shearing cabinet (10) is provided with a receiving unit (50), the receiving unit (50) includes a receiving box (51), a slide (52) is fixed at the bottom of the inner wall of the shearing cabinet (10), one end of the slide (52) is placed on the lower surface of the extension plate (368), and the other end of the slide (52) is attached to the receiving box (51).

5. The shearing mechanism of a shearing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The receiving box (51) is slidably connected to a receiving platform (53), and the bottom of the receiving platform (53) is connected to the bottom wall of the receiving box (51) by a fourth spring (54).

6. The shearing mechanism of a shearing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the moving blade (33) is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket (32), and a fourth driving member (38) is rotatably connected to the top wall of the mounting bracket (32), with one end of the fourth driving member (38) rotatably connected to the moving blade (33).

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