Pasture ecological monitoring method and system

Abstract

The invention provides a pasture ecological monitoring method and system, and relates to the technical field of ecological monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the meteorological data of a to-be-detected pasture, and determining the plant production efficiency of the to-be-detected pasture based on the meteorological data; calculating the theoretical grass yield of the to-be-measured pasture according to the plant production efficiency; determining the pasture availability of the to-be-detected pasture based on the type of the to-be-detected pasture; wherein different types of the to-be-detected pasture respectively correspond to different pasture utilization rates; on the basis of the theoretical grass yield and the pasture availability, calculating the edible grass yield of the to-be-measured pasture; acquiring livestock information of the to-be-detected pasture, and determining the grass consumption of the to-be-detected pasture based on the livestock information; calculating an attenuation index of the to-be-measured pasture based on the edible grass yield and the grass consumption; the grazing intensity can be controlled, so that the harm of grassland degradation caused by overlarge grazing intensity is avoided, and sustainable development of pasture ecology is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological monitoring, and in particular to a pasture ecological monitoring method and system. Background Art

[0002] Livestock farming relies on pasture ecosystems for development. Overly rapid growth can impact pasture grass yields, damage pasture ecosystems, and ultimately lead to irreversible pasture degradation. Existing technologies lack the means to quantitatively monitor pasture grass resources, making it impossible to determine livestock stocking scales. This creates the risk of overstocking and pasture degradation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a pasture ecological monitoring method and system, which solves the technical problems in the existing technology that there is no means to quantitatively monitor the pasture's forage resources, the livestock breeding scale cannot be determined, and there is a risk of overstocking of livestock, leading to pasture degradation. It is beneficial for herders to judge whether the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested exceeds the edible grass production based on the monitoring results of the attenuation index of the pasture to be tested.

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides a pasture ecological monitoring method, comprising:

[0005] Acquiring meteorological data of a pasture to be tested, and determining plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested based on the meteorological data;

[0006] Calculating the theoretical grass yield of the tested pasture according to the plant production efficiency;

[0007] Determining the forage availability of the pasture to be tested based on the type of the pasture to be tested; wherein different types of the pasture to be tested correspond to different forage availability rates;

[0008] Calculating the edible grass yield of the tested pasture based on the theoretical grass yield and the forage availability;

[0009] Acquiring livestock information of the pasture to be tested, and determining the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested based on the livestock information;

[0010] Based on the edible grass yield and the consumed grass amount, a decay index of the tested pasture is calculated.

[0011] In some embodiments, obtaining meteorological data of the pasture to be tested and determining the plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested based on the meteorological data includes:

[0012] Acquiring meteorological data of the pasture to be tested, wherein the meteorological data includes precipitation, temperature, solar radiation and wind speed;

[0013] Based on the temperature and wind speed, the evapotranspiration of the pasture to be tested is calculated, wherein the evapotranspiration is calculated according to the following formula:

[0014]

[0015] Where E is evapotranspiration, Δ is the slope of saturated water vapor pressure changing with temperature, and R n is the net radiation, G is the soil heat flux, γ is the dry-wet constant, C n 、C d is a constant related to the underlying surface, u is the wind speed, e s Saturated water vapor pressure, e a Actual water vapor pressure;

[0016] The plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested is calculated based on precipitation, temperature, solar radiation and evapotranspiration, wherein the plant production efficiency is calculated according to the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] Where PE is plant production efficiency, α is light energy utilization rate, PAR is the effective light energy for plant photosynthesis, which is determined by solar radiation, β is the precipitation influence coefficient, P is precipitation, T is temperature, and T O The optimum temperature for plant growth.

[0019] In some embodiments, calculating the theoretical grass yield of the tested pasture based on the plant production efficiency includes:

[0020] Obtaining the area of ​​the pasture to be tested;

[0021] The theoretical grass yield of the pasture to be tested is calculated based on the area of ​​the pasture to be tested and the plant production efficiency, wherein the theoretical grass yield is calculated according to the following formula:

[0022] TP = PE·S;

[0023] Where TP is the theoretical grass yield, PE is the plant production efficiency, and S is the area of ​​the pasture to be tested.

[0024] In some embodiments, obtaining livestock information of the pasture to be tested and determining the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested based on the livestock information includes:

[0025] Obtain the grazing type of the pasture to be tested, and obtain the number of livestock and feeding data of each grazing type, and calculate the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested based on the number of livestock and feeding data of each grazing type, wherein the grass consumption is calculated according to the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, C is the amount of grass consumed, m is the number of days of grazing, n is the number of grazing types, N is the number of i,t is the number of livestock of type i on day t, I i,t is the average daily feed intake of the i-th type of livestock on day t.

[0028] In some embodiments, the calculating the attenuation index of the pasture to be tested based on the theoretical grass yield, the edible grass yield, and the consumed grass yield includes:

[0029] Based on the edible grass yield and the consumed grass amount, the attenuation index of the pasture to be tested is calculated, wherein the attenuation index is calculated according to the following formula:

[0030]

[0031] Where VSI is the decay index, EFG is the edible grass yield, C is the grass consumption, and TP is the theoretical grass yield.

[0032] An embodiment of the present invention provides a pasture ecological monitoring system, comprising:

[0033] a first determination module, configured to obtain meteorological data of a pasture to be tested, and determine the plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested based on the meteorological data;

[0034] A first calculation module is used to calculate the theoretical grass yield of the tested pasture according to the plant production efficiency;

[0035] A second determination module is configured to determine the grass availability of the pasture to be tested based on the type of the pasture to be tested; wherein different types of the pasture to be tested correspond to different grass availability rates;

[0036] A second calculation module is used to calculate the edible grass yield of the pasture to be tested based on the theoretical grass yield and the forage availability;

[0037] a third determination module, configured to obtain livestock information of the pasture to be tested, and determine the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested based on the livestock information;

[0038] The third calculation module is used to calculate the attenuation index of the pasture to be tested based on the edible grass yield and the consumed grass amount.

[0039] In some embodiments, the first determining module includes:

[0040] a first acquisition unit, configured to acquire meteorological data of the pasture to be tested, wherein the meteorological data includes precipitation, temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed;

[0041] The first calculation unit is configured to calculate the evapotranspiration of the pasture to be tested based on the temperature and wind speed, wherein the evapotranspiration is calculated according to the following formula:

[0042]

[0043] Where E is evapotranspiration, Δ is the slope of saturated water vapor pressure changing with temperature, and R n is the net radiation, G is the soil heat flux, γ is the dry-wet constant, C n 、C d is a constant related to the underlying surface, u is the wind speed, e s Saturated water vapor pressure, e a Actual water vapor pressure;

[0044] The second calculation unit is used to calculate the plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested according to precipitation, temperature, solar radiation and evapotranspiration, wherein the plant production efficiency is calculated according to the following formula:

[0045]

[0046] Where PE is plant production efficiency, α is light energy utilization rate, PAR is the effective light energy for plant photosynthesis, which is determined by solar radiation, β is the precipitation influence coefficient, P is precipitation, T is temperature, and T O The optimum temperature for plant growth.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first computing module includes:

[0048] A second obtaining unit is used to obtain the area of ​​the pasture to be tested;

[0049] The third calculation unit is configured to calculate the theoretical grass yield of the pasture to be tested based on the area of ​​the pasture to be tested and the plant production efficiency, wherein the theoretical grass yield is calculated according to the following formula:

[0050] TP = PE·S;

[0051] Where TP is the theoretical grass yield, PE is the plant production efficiency, and S is the area of ​​the pasture to be tested.

[0052] In some embodiments, the second computing module includes:

[0053] The fourth calculation unit is configured to obtain the grazing type of the pasture to be tested, and obtain the number of livestock and feeding data of each grazing type; and calculate the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested based on the number of livestock and feeding data of each grazing type, wherein the grass consumption is calculated according to the following formula:

[0054]

[0055] In the formula, C is the amount of grass consumed, m is the number of days of grazing, n is the number of grazing types, N is the number of i,t is the number of livestock of type i on day t, I i,t is the average daily feed intake of the i-th type of livestock on day t.

[0056] In some embodiments, the third computing module includes:

[0057] A fifth calculation unit is configured to calculate a decay index of the pasture to be tested based on the edible grass yield and the consumed grass amount, wherein the decay index is calculated according to the following formula:

[0058]

[0059] Where VSI is the decay index, EFG is the edible grass yield, C is the grass consumption, and TP is the theoretical grass yield.

[0060] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0061] By obtaining meteorological data of the pasture to be tested, and determining the plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested based on the meteorological data; calculating the theoretical grass yield of the pasture to be tested according to the plant production efficiency; determining the grass utilization rate of the pasture to be tested based on the type of the pasture to be tested; wherein different types of the pasture to be tested correspond to different grass utilization rates; calculating the edible grass yield of the pasture to be tested based on the theoretical grass yield and the grass utilization rate; obtaining livestock information of the pasture to be tested, and determining the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested based on the livestock information; calculating the attenuation index of the pasture to be tested based on the edible grass yield and the grass consumption; the grazing intensity can be controlled, thereby avoiding the harm of grassland degradation caused by excessive grazing intensity, which is beneficial to the sustainable development of pasture ecology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0063] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the implementation process of a pasture ecological monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a pasture ecological monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0067] In the following description, reference is made to “some embodiments”, which describes a subset of all possible embodiments, but it will be understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0068] If similar descriptions of "first\second\third" appear in the application documents, the following explanation is added. In the following description, the terms "first\second\third" are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order of the objects. It can be understood that "first\second\third" can be interchanged with the specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described herein.

[0069] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing embodiments of the present invention only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0070] Based on the problems existing in the related art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pasture ecological monitoring method, and the execution subject of the monitoring method can be an electronic device. The electronic device can be various types of terminals such as laptops, tablet computers, desktop computers, set-top boxes, mobile devices (for example, mobile phones, portable music players, personal digital assistants, dedicated messaging devices, portable gaming devices), etc., and can also be implemented as a server. The server can be an independent physical server, or a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server that provides basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communications, middleware services, domain name services, security services, content delivery networks (CDNs), and big data and artificial intelligence platforms.

[0071] In some embodiments, the functions implemented by the monitoring method provided by the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented by calling program codes by a processor of an electronic device, wherein the program codes can be stored in a computer storage medium.

[0072] The embodiment of the present invention provides a pasture ecological monitoring method. Figure 1A schematic diagram of the implementation process of a pasture ecological monitoring method provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown as follows: Figure 1 Shown, including:

[0073] Step S1: obtaining meteorological data of a pasture to be tested, and determining the plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested based on the meteorological data;

[0074] In some embodiments, step S1 includes:

[0075] Step S11: obtaining meteorological data of the pasture to be tested, wherein the meteorological data includes precipitation, temperature, solar radiation and wind speed;

[0076] Step S12: Calculate the evapotranspiration of the pasture to be tested based on the temperature and wind speed, wherein the evapotranspiration is calculated according to the following formula:

[0077]

[0078] Where E is evapotranspiration, Δ is the slope of saturated water vapor pressure changing with temperature, and R n is the net radiation, G is the soil heat flux, γ is the dry-wet constant, C n 、C d is a constant related to the underlying surface, u is the wind speed, e s Saturated water vapor pressure, e a Actual water vapor pressure;

[0079] Step S13: Calculate the plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested according to precipitation, temperature, solar radiation and evapotranspiration, wherein the plant production efficiency is calculated according to the following formula:

[0080]

[0081] Where PE is plant production efficiency, α is light energy utilization rate, PAR is the effective light energy for plant photosynthesis, which is determined by solar radiation, β is the precipitation influence coefficient, P is precipitation, T is temperature, and T O The optimum temperature for plant growth.

[0082] In an embodiment of the present invention, in the calculation formula for evapotranspiration, 0.408 is a coefficient related to physical constants and unit conversions, which links the radiation term and the gas term in the energy balance and is used to estimate water loss during the evapotranspiration process. It is related to physical parameters such as the latent heat of water vaporization and the gas constant, and is an empirical coefficient obtained through a series of derivations and unit conversions. 0.34 is an empirical coefficient used to describe the influence of wind speed on the evapotranspiration process, reflecting the promoting effect of wind speed on the evapotranspiration process. When the wind speed increases, the flow of air accelerates the diffusion of water vapor, thereby increasing the evapotranspiration. This coefficient is an empirical value obtained by fitting a large amount of experimental and observational data, and is used to reflect the contribution of wind speed to evapotranspiration in the formula. Plant production efficiency is calculated by precipitation, temperature, solar radiation and wind speed to make plant production efficiency more accurate.

[0083] Step S2: Calculating the theoretical grass yield of the tested pasture according to the plant production efficiency;

[0084] In some embodiments, step S2 includes:

[0085] Step S21: obtaining the area of ​​the pasture to be tested;

[0086] Step S22: Calculating the theoretical grass yield of the pasture to be tested based on the area of ​​the pasture to be tested and the plant production efficiency, wherein the theoretical grass yield is calculated according to the following formula:

[0087] TP = PE·S;

[0088] Where TP is the theoretical grass yield, PE is the plant production efficiency, and S is the area of ​​the pasture to be tested.

[0089] In the embodiment of the present invention, when determining the plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested, the area of ​​the pasture to be tested may be obtained, and then the theoretical grass yield may be obtained by multiplying the area of ​​the pasture to be tested by the area of ​​the pasture to be tested.

[0090] Step S3: determining the grass availability of the pasture to be tested based on the type of the pasture to be tested; wherein different types of the pasture to be tested correspond to different grass availability rates;

[0091] In an embodiment of the present invention, a mapping relationship table between pasture types and forage availability can be pre-constructed. When the type of pasture to be tested is determined, the forage availability can be determined based on the pre-constructed mapping relationship table between pasture types and forage availability.

[0092] Step S4: calculating the edible grass yield of the pasture to be tested based on the theoretical grass yield and the grass availability rate;

[0093] In the embodiment of the present invention, when the theoretical grass yield and the forage utilization rate are determined, the theoretical grass yield and the forage utilization rate can be obtained by multiplying the theoretical grass yield and the forage utilization rate.

[0094] Step S5: obtaining livestock information of the pasture to be tested, and determining the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested based on the livestock information;

[0095] In some embodiments, the step S5 includes:

[0096] Step S51: Obtain the grazing type of the pasture to be tested, and obtain the number of livestock and feeding data of each grazing type. Based on the number of livestock and feeding data of each grazing type, calculate the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested, wherein the grass consumption is calculated according to the following formula:

[0097]

[0098] In the formula, C is the amount of grass consumed, m is the number of days of grazing, n is the number of grazing types, N is the number of i,t is the number of livestock of type i on day t, I i,t is the average daily feed intake of the i-th type of livestock on day t.

[0099] In the embodiments of the present invention, different grazing types correspond to average daily feed intakes. The number of different grazing types may vary over time, and the average daily feed intake corresponding to each grazing type also varies to a certain extent. Therefore, the accuracy of grass consumption calculations is improved by fully considering the grazing type of the pasture being tested, the number of livestock corresponding to each grazing type, and the average daily feed intake of livestock corresponding to each grazing type over time.

[0100] Step S6: Calculating the attenuation index of the pasture to be tested based on the edible grass yield and the consumed grass amount.

[0101] In some embodiments, step S6 includes:

[0102] Step S61: Calculating the attenuation index of the pasture to be tested based on the edible grass yield and the consumed grass amount, wherein the attenuation index is calculated according to the following formula:

[0103]

[0104] Where VSI is the decay index, EFG is the edible grass yield, C is the grass consumption, and TP is the theoretical grass yield.

[0105] In this embodiment of the present invention, if the VSI is negative, it indicates that the grass consumption is greater than the edible grass production, and the pasture vegetation may be damaged. Grazing strategies may need to be adjusted, such as reducing the number of livestock or extending the rotational grazing cycle. If the VSI is positive, it indicates that the grass consumption is less than the edible grass production, and the pasture vegetation is growing well. In this case, the number of livestock may be increased or the rotational grazing cycle may be shortened.

[0106] In summary, it is helpful for herders to judge whether the grass consumption of the tested pasture exceeds the edible grass production based on the monitoring results of the attenuation index of the tested pasture, and then control the grazing intensity, thereby avoiding the harm of grassland degradation caused by excessive grazing intensity, which is beneficial to the sustainable development of pasture ecology.

[0107] Based on the foregoing embodiments, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pasture ecological monitoring system, wherein the modules included in the system and the units included in each module can be implemented by a processor in a computer device; of course, they can also be implemented by a specific logic circuit; in the implementation process, the processor can be a central processing unit (CPU, Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor (MPU, Microprocessor Unit), a digital signal processor (DSP, Digital Signal Processing) or a field programmable gate array (FPGA, Field Programmable Gate Array), etc.

[0108] The embodiment of the present invention provides a pasture ecological monitoring system. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a pasture ecological monitoring system provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 Shown, including:

[0109] a first determination module, configured to obtain meteorological data of a pasture to be tested, and determine the plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested based on the meteorological data;

[0110] A first calculation module is used to calculate the theoretical grass yield of the tested pasture according to the plant production efficiency;

[0111] A second determination module is configured to determine the grass availability of the pasture to be tested based on the type of the pasture to be tested; wherein different types of the pasture to be tested correspond to different grass availability rates;

[0112] A second calculation module is used to calculate the edible grass yield of the pasture to be tested based on the theoretical grass yield and the forage availability;

[0113] a third determination module, configured to obtain livestock information of the pasture to be tested, and determine the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested based on the livestock information;

[0114] The third calculation module is used to calculate the attenuation index of the pasture to be tested based on the edible grass yield and the consumed grass amount.

[0115] In some embodiments, the first determining module includes:

[0116] a first acquisition unit, configured to acquire meteorological data of the pasture to be tested, wherein the meteorological data includes precipitation, temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed;

[0117] The first calculation unit is configured to calculate the evapotranspiration of the pasture to be tested based on the temperature and wind speed, wherein the evapotranspiration is calculated according to the following formula:

[0118]

[0119] Where E is evapotranspiration, Δ is the slope of saturated water vapor pressure changing with temperature, and R n is the net radiation, G is the soil heat flux, γ is the dry-wet constant, C n 、C d is a constant related to the underlying surface, u is the wind speed, e s Saturated water vapor pressure, e a Actual water vapor pressure;

[0120] The second calculation unit is used to calculate the plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested according to precipitation, temperature, solar radiation and evapotranspiration, wherein the plant production efficiency is calculated according to the following formula:

[0121]

[0122] Where PE is plant production efficiency, α is light energy utilization rate, PAR is the effective light energy for plant photosynthesis, which is determined by solar radiation, β is the precipitation influence coefficient, P is precipitation, T is temperature, and T O The optimum temperature for plant growth.

[0123] In some embodiments, the first computing module includes:

[0124] A second obtaining unit is used to obtain the area of ​​the pasture to be tested;

[0125] The third calculation unit is configured to calculate the theoretical grass yield of the pasture to be tested based on the area of ​​the pasture to be tested and the plant production efficiency, wherein the theoretical grass yield is calculated according to the following formula:

[0126] TP = PE·S;

[0127] Where TP is the theoretical grass yield, PE is the plant production efficiency, and S is the area of ​​the pasture to be tested.

[0128] In some embodiments, the second computing module includes:

[0129] The fourth calculation unit is configured to obtain the grazing type of the pasture to be tested, and obtain the number of livestock and feeding data of each grazing type; and calculate the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested based on the number of livestock and feeding data of each grazing type, wherein the grass consumption is calculated according to the following formula:

[0130]

[0131] In the formula, C is the amount of grass consumed, m is the number of days of grazing, n is the number of grazing types, N is the number of i,t is the number of livestock of type i on day t, I i,t is the average daily feed intake of the i-th type of livestock on day t.

[0132] In some embodiments, the third computing module includes:

[0133] A fifth calculation unit is configured to calculate a decay index of the pasture to be tested based on the edible grass yield and the consumed grass amount, wherein the decay index is calculated according to the following formula:

[0134]

[0135] Where VSI is the decay index, EFG is the edible grass yield, C is the grass consumption, and TP is the theoretical grass yield.

[0136] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, if the above-mentioned monitoring method is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read Only Memory), a magnetic disk or an optical disk. In this way, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0137] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the monitoring method provided in the above embodiment are implemented.

[0138] An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the electronic device 400 includes: a processor 401, at least one communication bus 402, a user interface 403, at least one external communication interface 404, and a memory 405. The communication bus 402 is configured to enable communication between these components. The user interface 403 may include a display screen, and the external communication interface 404 may include a standard wired interface and a wireless interface. The processor 401 is configured to execute the monitoring method program stored in the memory to implement the steps of the monitoring method provided in the above embodiment.

[0139] It should be noted that the descriptions of the above storage medium and electronic device embodiments are similar to the descriptions of the above method embodiments and have similar beneficial effects as the method embodiments. For technical details not disclosed in the storage medium and device embodiments of the present invention, please refer to the descriptions of the method embodiments of the present invention for understanding.

[0140] It should be understood that "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mentioned throughout the specification means that the specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention. The serial numbers of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are for description only and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0141] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, object, or apparatus comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, object, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not preclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, object, or apparatus comprising the element.

[0142] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0143] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units; some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment.

[0144] In addition, all functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be separately used as a unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0145] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above-mentioned method embodiment can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, and the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it executes the steps of the above-mentioned method embodiment; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: mobile storage devices, read-only memories (ROM, Read Only Memory), magnetic disks or optical disks, and other media that can store program codes.

[0146] Alternatively, if the integrated unit of the present invention is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for causing a controller to execute all or part of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as mobile storage devices, ROMs, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0147] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A pasture ecological monitoring method, characterized in that: include: Acquiring meteorological data of a pasture to be tested, and determining plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested based on the meteorological data; Calculating the theoretical grass yield of the tested pasture according to the plant production efficiency; Determining the forage availability of the pasture to be tested based on the type of the pasture to be tested; wherein different types of the pasture to be tested correspond to different forage availability rates; Calculating the edible grass yield of the tested pasture based on the theoretical grass yield and the forage availability; Acquiring livestock information of the pasture to be tested, and determining the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested based on the livestock information; Based on the edible grass yield and the consumed grass amount, a decay index of the tested pasture is calculated.

2. A pasture ecological monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining meteorological data of the pasture to be tested and determining the plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested based on the meteorological data includes: Acquiring meteorological data of the pasture to be tested, wherein the meteorological data includes precipitation, temperature, solar radiation and wind speed; Based on the temperature and wind speed, the evapotranspiration of the pasture to be tested is calculated, wherein the evapotranspiration is calculated according to the following formula: Where E is evapotranspiration, Δ is the slope of saturated water vapor pressure changing with temperature, and R n is the net radiation, G is the soil heat flux, γ is the dry-wet constant, C n 、C d is a constant related to the underlying surface, u is the wind speed, e s Saturated water vapor pressure, e a Actual water vapor pressure; The plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested is calculated based on precipitation, temperature, solar radiation and evapotranspiration, wherein the plant production efficiency is calculated according to the following formula: Where PE is plant production efficiency, α is light energy utilization rate, PAR is the effective light energy for plant photosynthesis, which is determined by solar radiation, β is the precipitation influence coefficient, P is precipitation, T is temperature, and T O The optimum temperature for plant growth.

3. A pasture ecological monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculating the theoretical grass yield of the tested pasture based on the plant production efficiency includes: Obtaining the area of ​​the pasture to be tested; The theoretical grass yield of the pasture to be tested is calculated based on the area of ​​the pasture to be tested and the plant production efficiency, wherein the theoretical grass yield is calculated according to the following formula: TP = PE·S; Where TP is the theoretical grass yield, PE is the plant production efficiency, and S is the area of ​​the pasture to be tested.

4. A pasture ecological monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of obtaining livestock information of the pasture to be tested and determining the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested based on the livestock information includes: Obtain the grazing type of the pasture to be tested, and obtain the number of livestock and feeding data of each grazing type, and calculate the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested based on the number of livestock and feeding data of each grazing type, wherein the grass consumption is calculated according to the following formula: In the formula, C is the amount of grass consumed, m is the number of days of grazing, n is the number of grazing types, N is the number of i,t is the number of livestock of type i on day t, I i,t is the average daily feed intake of the i-th type of livestock on day t.

5. A pasture ecological monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculating of the attenuation index of the pasture to be tested based on the theoretical grass yield, the edible grass yield and the consumed grass yield includes: Based on the edible grass yield and the consumed grass amount, the attenuation index of the pasture to be tested is calculated, wherein the attenuation index is calculated according to the following formula: Where VSI is the decay index, EFG is the edible grass yield, C is the grass consumption, and TP is the theoretical grass yield.

6. A pasture ecological monitoring system, characterized in that: include: a first determination module, configured to obtain meteorological data of a pasture to be tested, and determine the plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested based on the meteorological data; A first calculation module is used to calculate the theoretical grass yield of the tested pasture according to the plant production efficiency; A second determination module is configured to determine the grass availability of the pasture to be tested based on the type of the pasture to be tested; wherein different types of the pasture to be tested correspond to different grass availability rates; A second calculation module is used to calculate the edible grass yield of the pasture to be tested based on the theoretical grass yield and the forage availability; a third determination module, configured to obtain livestock information of the pasture to be tested, and determine the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested based on the livestock information; The third calculation module is used to calculate the attenuation index of the pasture to be tested based on the edible grass yield and the consumed grass amount.

7. A pasture ecological monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first determining module includes: a first acquisition unit, configured to acquire meteorological data of the pasture to be tested, wherein the meteorological data includes precipitation, temperature, solar radiation, and wind speed; The first calculation unit is configured to calculate the evapotranspiration of the pasture to be tested based on the temperature and wind speed, wherein the evapotranspiration is calculated according to the following formula: Where E is evapotranspiration, Δ is the slope of saturated water vapor pressure changing with temperature, and R n is the net radiation, G is the soil heat flux, γ is the dry-wet constant, C n 、C d is a constant related to the underlying surface, u is the wind speed, e s Saturated water vapor pressure, e a Actual water vapor pressure; The second calculation unit is used to calculate the plant production efficiency of the pasture to be tested according to precipitation, temperature, solar radiation and evapotranspiration, wherein the plant production efficiency is calculated according to the following formula: Where PE is plant production efficiency, α is light energy utilization rate, PAR is the effective light energy for plant photosynthesis, which is determined by solar radiation, β is the precipitation influence coefficient, P is precipitation, T is temperature, and T O The optimum temperature for plant growth.

8. A pasture ecological monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first calculation module includes: A second obtaining unit is used to obtain the area of ​​the pasture to be tested; The third calculation unit is configured to calculate the theoretical grass yield of the pasture to be tested based on the area of ​​the pasture to be tested and the plant production efficiency, wherein the theoretical grass yield is calculated according to the following formula: TP = PE·S; Where TP is the theoretical grass yield, PE is the plant production efficiency, and S is the area of ​​the pasture to be tested.

9. A pasture ecological monitoring system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second calculation module includes: The fourth calculation unit is configured to obtain the grazing type of the pasture to be tested, and obtain the number of livestock and feeding data of each grazing type; and calculate the grass consumption of the pasture to be tested based on the number of livestock and feeding data of each grazing type, wherein the grass consumption is calculated according to the following formula: In the formula, C is the amount of grass consumed, m is the number of days of grazing, n is the number of grazing types, N is the number of i,t is the number of livestock of type i on day t, I i,t is the average daily feed intake of the i-th type of livestock on day t.

10. A pasture ecological monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The third computing module includes: A fifth calculation unit is configured to calculate a decay index of the pasture to be tested based on the edible grass yield and the consumed grass amount, wherein the decay index is calculated according to the following formula: Where VSI is the decay index, EFG is the edible grass yield, C is the grass consumption, and TP is the theoretical grass yield.

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