Cuttage method for rapidly breeding red beans with purple flowers

Abstract

The invention discloses a cuttage method for rapidly breeding red beans with purple flowers, and particularly relates to the technical field of endangered plant breeding. The method comprises the steps of pretreatment of a seed tree, selection of scions, hormone treatment, construction of a cutting medium and a seedling bed, cutting and management and protection. According to the rapid breeding method, through multi-link innovation, systematic technology integration is formed in links such as seed tree pretreatment, scion selection, hormone treatment, matrix preparation and management and protection, and many limitations of traditional cuttage are effectively broken through. The method is a technical system capable of remarkably improving the cutting survival rate, shortening the seedling raising period and reducing the production cost, and has urgent practical significance on resource protection and industrial development of the red beans with purple flowers.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of endangered plant breeding, and in particular to a cutting method for rapid breeding of Ormosia purpureiflora. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ormosia belongs to Fabaceae, and is a strategic resource species with important ecological and economic values. Ormosia is distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions from eastern South America to northeastern Australia. There are about 130 species in the genus, 37 of which are found in China. All species of the genus in China have been listed as nationally protected wild plants. There are 16 species of Ormosia in Guangdong Province, one of which is O. purpureiflora.

[0003] O. purpureiflora is a nationally protected wild plant, and only a few individuals are found in the Luofu Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve, the Nan-kun Mountain Provincial Nature Reserve in Longmen, Guangdong, and the surrounding areas of Guangzhou. The number of individuals is only about 2,000. The flowers of Ormosia plants are usually white or light yellow, but the flowers of O. purpureiflora are unique in color, with a purple corolla and high ornamental value. O. purpureiflora has great development potential and research value.

[0004] Field surveys have shown that there are very few flowering plants in O. purpureiflora populations, and the flowers and fruits are severely damaged by pests and diseases, resulting in low seed setting rates and low seed yields. In addition, the seeds are toxic to animals and are large in size, falling around the mother tree after maturation and relying mainly on gravity for dispersal. Moreover, the seeds have a hard seed coat and require harsh germination conditions. These factors have resulted in a small number of individuals in O. purpureiflora populations and poor natural regeneration, which are the main reasons for the endangerment of O. purpureiflora. Therefore, it is difficult to maintain the long-term stability and healthy development of the population of O. purpureiflora through seed propagation. Only through artificial asexual reproduction methods such as cutting can the number of individuals in the population of O. purpureiflora be increased. Existing cutting methods for Ormosia, such as Chinese patents CN104054497A and CN119769314, disclose methods for cutting and rapid rooting of Ormosia plants, but using these methods to cut O. purpureiflora results in slow rooting and low rooting rates. Therefore, finding a suitable method for cutting O. purpureiflora is a difficult problem that needs to be solved. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a cutting method for rapid breeding of O. purpureiflora.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] According to the cutting method for rapid breeding of O. purpureiflora provided by the present application, the method comprises:

[0008] Step 1: Preprocessing of the mother tree

[0009] Before grafting, apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to the mother tree and spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate to enhance nutrient accumulation in the cuttings. 5-7 days before cutting, cut off water and control humidity on the mother tree to increase cell sap concentration.

[0010] Step 2: Spike Selection

[0011] Select 1-2 year old purple flower red bean branches with a diameter greater than 0.5 cm, free of pests and diseases and mechanical damage as cuttings. The cuttings are 3-10 cm long, retain 3-5 buds, and have a long internode length (at least 1 bud). Leave no leaves or side branches, cut flat on the top and oblique on the bottom.

[0012] Step 3: Hormone treatment

[0013] Treat the cut cuttings with IBA (300 ± 50 mg / L) for 11-13 hours, then apply Clonex Rooting Gel to the bottom of the cuttings. Seal the cuttings with the gel and apply it to the oblique cuts to moisturize and promote root growth.

[0014] Step 4: Construction of cutting medium and seedling bed

[0015] The cutting medium is river sand, which has been pre-treated with exposure to sunlight, potassium permanganate disinfection, and carbendazim. The seedling bed is a cement pool, with the substrate filling thickness equal to the height of the seedling bed. The seedling bed is built in a simple arched sunshade, 5 meters high, and covered with a double layer of black shade netting.

[0016] Step 5: Cutting and maintenance

[0017] Use the upright cutting method, insert the treated cuttings with the base facing downward into the river sand, control the shading rate and humidity, water regularly, and apply Bacillus subtilis inoculant at a concentration of 1g / L during the period until the cuttings grow roots, then transplant and carry out subsequent cultivation.

[0018] Furthermore, in the step 1, the spraying concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.1-0.3%.

[0019] Furthermore, in step three, the IBA concentration is 300 mg / L.

[0020] Furthermore, in step three, the IBA is further treated with a rooting-promoting gel.

[0021] Furthermore, in step three, the gel is Clonex rooting gel.

[0022] In the present invention, the spikelets are lignified and the lower end cut is sealed with gel.

[0023] Further, in the step four, the concentration of potassium permanganate is 0.1-0.5%.

[0024] Further, in the step four, the usage amount of carbendazim is 1g / m 3 .

[0025] Further, in the step five, the usage amount of bacillus subtilis agent is 1g / L.

[0026] Further, in the step five, the control of light shielding rate and humidity is carried out by using a small arched shed matched with a transparent film; as an example, the arch height is preferably 5m.

[0027] Further, the light shielding rate is controlled at 60-70%, and the humidity is controlled at above 80%.

[0028] The present application has the following advantages:

[0029] The present application precisely controls the physiology of mother trees, can not only enhance the carbon and nitrogen nutrient accumulation of the shoot cuttings, but also induce the redistribution of endogenous hormones, so that the cuttings are in a physiological high-activity state. Subsequent scientific grading of the shoot cuttings adopts a double-index system of bud point number and internode length, to ensure that each cutting has equalized development potential. The upper flat cutting reduces water evaporation, the lower 45° bevel cutting expands the rooting area, and the strict trimming of leafless and lateral branchless cuttings eliminates ineffective nutrient consumption.

[0030] The present application uses the shoot cuttings with high lignification degree to form a physical barrier through gel sealing, slow-releases hormones, maintains environmental humidity, and prevents oxidation and pathogen invasion of the cuttings.

[0031] The substrate of the present application is scientifically matched, and takes into account the drainage, water retention and air permeability. By innovatively mixing the agent, not only can the pathogenic bacteria in the substrate be inhibited, but also the substrate nutrients can be improved, the mineral nutrient absorption of the cuttings can be enhanced, and the growth of the cuttings can be promoted; the immune signal pathway of the cuttings can also be activated, and the stress resistance of the cuttings can be enhanced.

[0032] The present application uses a small arched shed + transparent film to construct a microclimate system, precisely controls the light shielding rate at 60-70% (reduces photoinhibition) and the humidity at ≥80% (reduces transpiration stress). This combination of environment enables the cuttings to maintain a low metabolic level, and concentrates energy on root source differentiation. Compared with the existing simple sunshade net scheme for red bean cuttings, the survival rate can be further improved.

[0033] The rapid breeding method of the present application forms systematic technical integration through multi-link innovation in mother tree pretreatment, spur selection, hormone treatment, substrate configuration and pipe maintenance, and effectively breaks through many limitations of traditional cutting. The method of the present application can significantly improve the cutting survival rate, shorten the seedling cycle and reduce the production cost, and has urgent practical significance for resource protection and industrialization development of purple flower red bean. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the following embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other implementation drawings according to the provided drawings without creating any creative labor.

[0035] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification, to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions that the present application can be implemented, so they do not have technical significance. Any modification of structure, change of proportion relationship or adjustment of size, without affecting the effect and purpose that the present application can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present application.

[0036] Figure 1 The purple flower red bean spur provided for example 1 of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 The cutting management of controlling light shielding rate and humidity provided for example 1 of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 The sprout of the cutting spur after 35 days provided for example 1 of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 The transplanting diagram of the purple flower red bean cutting spur provided for example 2 of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 The comparison diagram of the purple flower red bean cutting root provided for the present application, wherein A and B- example 1; C- comparative example 1;

[0041] Figure 6 The comparison diagram of the purple flower red bean cutting root provided for the present application; wherein A- example 2; B- comparative example 7; C- comparative example 12;

[0042] Figure 7 The comparison diagram of the purple flower red bean cutting root provided for the present application; wherein A- example 2; B, C- comparative example 5; D, E- comparative example 14;

[0043] Figure 8 Comparative diagram of the roots of purple-flowered red beans provided by the present invention; A-Example 2; B-Comparative Example 16; C-Comparative Example 17. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following describes the implementation of the present invention using specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art will readily understand the other advantages and benefits of the present invention from the disclosure herein. Obviously, the embodiments described are only a portion of the present invention, not all of it. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This embodiment provides a cutting method for rapidly breeding purple-flowered red beans:

[0047] Step 1: Preprocessing of the mother tree

[0048] Before grafting, apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to the mother tree and spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to enhance nutrient accumulation in the cuttings. Cut off water and control humidity on the mother tree 7 days before cutting to increase cell sap concentration.

[0049] Step 2: Spike Selection

[0050] Select 1-2 year old purple flower red bean branches with a diameter greater than 0.5 cm, no pests and diseases and no mechanical damage as cuttings. The cuttings are 5 cm long, retain 3-5 buds, do not leave leaves and side branches, cut flat on the top and oblique on the bottom. Figure 1 shown.

[0051] Step 3: Hormone treatment

[0052] The cut lignified cuttings were treated with IBA (350 mg / L) for 11 h, then sealed with Clonex rooting gel and applied to the oblique cuts to moisturize and promote root growth.

[0053] Step 4: Construction of cutting medium and seedling bed

[0054] The cutting medium is river sand; after the medium is exposed to the sun for 12 hours, it is sprayed with 0.5% potassium permanganate for disinfection, and after disinfection for 2-3 days, it is loosened and carbendazim (1g / m 3 );

[0055] Step 5: Cutting and maintenance

[0056] The treated shoot base is inserted into river sand vertically, with 1 / 3 of the length of the shoot, and the light and humidity are controlled (using a small greenhouse with a transparent film, with an arch height of 5 m, covered with double-layer black shading net at the top, the light control is 60-70%, and the humidity control is above 80%), as shown in Figure 2 The white film is covered above the shoot for the first 14 days after cutting, and the white film is opened after 14 days, as shown in Figure 3 Water is poured every 3 days, and Bacillus subtilis agent is applied at a concentration of 1 g / L, with a total of 2 treatments, with a 7-day interval. When the shoot grows roots, it is transplanted and cultivated, as shown in Figure 4 The root diagram after 6 months is shown in Figure 5 A、 Figure 5 B.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] The present embodiment provides a cutting method for rapid propagation of purple flower red beans:

[0059] Step one, pretreatment of mother tree

[0060] Before cutting, the mother tree is applied with additional phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate is sprayed to enhance the accumulation of shoot nutrition. The mother tree is watered and controlled for 7 days before the shoot is harvested to increase the cell liquid concentration;

[0061] Step two, shoot selection

[0062] Select 1-2 year old purple flower red bean branches with a diameter of more than 0.5 cm, no pests and no mechanical damage as cuttings, with a length of 8 cm, 3-5 bud points are retained, no leaves and side branches, the upper end is cut flat, and the lower end is cut obliquely;

[0063] Step three, hormone treatment

[0064] The cut woody shoot is treated with IBA (300 mg / L) for 12 h, and then sealed with Clonex rooting gel to smear the oblique cut, and keep moist to promote root growth;

[0065] Step four, cutting substrate and seedling bed construction

[0066] The cutting substrate is river sand; the substrate is disinfected by spraying 0.5% potassium permanganate after being exposed to the sun for 12 h, and is loosened after 2-3 days of disinfection, and is mixed with carbendazim 1 g / m 3 ;

[0067] Step five, cutting and management

[0068] The treated shoots are inserted into river sand with the base of the shoots downwards, and the insertion depth is 1 / 3 of the length of the shoots. The light intensity and humidity are controlled (using a small greenhouse with a transparent film, the height of the greenhouse is 5 m, the top is covered with double-layer black shading net, the light intensity is controlled at 60-70%, and the humidity is controlled at more than 80%), and white film is covered above the shoots for the first 14 days after the insertion. After 14 days, the white film is opened, and water is poured once every 3 days. Bacillus subtilis agent is applied, with a concentration of 1 g / L, and the application is performed twice with an interval of 7 days. Until the shoots grow roots, such as Figure 6 A、 Figure 7 A and Figure 8 A, the shoots are transplanted and subsequent cultivation is performed.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] The present embodiment provides a cutting method for rapidly breeding purple-flowered red beans:

[0071] Step three: hormone treatment: the cut woody shoots are treated with IBA (250 mg / L) for 13 h, and then sealed with Clonex rooting gel to promote root growth. The other steps are completely consistent with Example 2.

[0072] Comparative Example 1

[0073] The present comparative example provides a cutting method for breeding purple-flowered red beans:

[0074] Without the pretreatment of the mother tree in Step One, the other steps are completely consistent with Example 1. After 6 months, the roots are as shown in Figure 5 C.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] The present comparative example provides a cutting method for breeding purple-flowered red beans:

[0077] In Step Three, the hormone is treated with IBA at a concentration of 100 mg / L for 12 h, and the other steps are completely consistent with Example 2.

[0078] Comparative Example 3

[0079] The present comparative example provides a cutting method for breeding purple-flowered red beans:

[0080] In Step Three, the hormone is treated with IBA at a concentration of 500 mg / L for 12 h, and the other steps are completely consistent with Example 2.

[0081] Comparative Example 4

[0082] The present comparative example provides a cutting method for breeding purple-flowered red beans:

[0083] Step three hormone treatment, hormone was treated with IBA concentration 1000 mg / L for 6 h, and others were exactly the same as example 2.

[0084] Comparative example 5

[0085] This comparative example provides a cutting method for breeding Adenanthera pavonina:

[0086] Step three hormone treatment, hormone was treated with IBA concentration 300 mg / L for 30 min, and others were exactly the same as example 2. After 6 months, the roots were as shown in Figure 7 B, Figure 7 C.

[0087] Comparative example 6

[0088] This comparative example provides a cutting method for breeding Adenanthera pavonina:

[0089] Step three hormone treatment, hormone was treated with IBA concentration 300 mg / L for 6 h, and others were exactly the same as example 2.

[0090] Comparative example 7

[0091] This comparative example provides a cutting method for breeding Adenanthera pavonina:

[0092] Step three hormone treatment, hormone was treated with IBA concentration 300 mg / L for 14 h, and others were exactly the same as example 2. After 6 months, the roots were as shown in Figure 6 B.

[0093] Comparative example 8

[0094] This comparative example provides a cutting method for breeding Adenanthera pavonina:

[0095] Step three hormone treatment, hormone was treated with IAA concentration 100 mg / L for 12 h, and others were exactly the same as example 2.

[0096] Comparative example 9

[0097] This comparative example provides a cutting method for breeding Adenanthera pavonina:

[0098] Step three hormone treatment, hormone was treated with IAA concentration 300 mg / L for 12 h, and others were exactly the same as example 2.

[0099] Comparative example 10

[0100] This comparative example provides a cutting method for breeding Adenanthera pavonina:

[0101] Step three hormone treatment, hormone was treated with IAA concentration 500 mg / L for 12 h, and others were exactly the same as example 2.

[0102] Comparative Example 11

[0103] This comparative example provides a method for cultivating Adenanthera pavonina cuttings:

[0104] In step three, hormone treatment, the hormone was treated with NAA at a concentration of 100 mg / L for 12 h, and the other steps were completely consistent with Example 2.

[0105] Comparative Example 12

[0106] This comparative example provides a method for cultivating Adenanthera pavonina cuttings:

[0107] In step three, hormone treatment, the hormone was treated with NAA at a concentration of 300 mg / L for 12 h, and the other steps were completely consistent with Example 2. After 6 months, the roots were as shown in Figure 6 C.

[0108] Comparative Example 13

[0109] This comparative example provides a method for cultivating Adenanthera pavonina cuttings:

[0110] In step three, hormone treatment, the hormone was treated with NAA at a concentration of 500 mg / L for 12 h, and the other steps were completely consistent with Example 2.

[0111] Comparative Example 14

[0112] This comparative example provides a method for cultivating Adenanthera pavonina cuttings:

[0113] Without step three hormone treatment, deionized water treatment for 12 h, and the other steps were completely consistent with Example 2. After 6 months, the roots were as shown in Figure 7 D, Figure 7 E.

[0114] Comparative Example 15

[0115] This comparative example provides a method for cultivating Adenanthera pavonina cuttings:

[0116] In step three, hormone treatment, without rooting gel sealing, and the other steps were completely consistent with Example 2.

[0117] Comparative Example 16

[0118] This comparative example provides a method for cultivating Adenanthera pavonina cuttings:

[0119] Step five, without Bacillus subtilis, and the other steps were completely consistent with Example 2. After 6 months, the roots were as shown in Figure 8 B.

[0120] Comparative Example 17

[0121] This comparative example provides a method for cultivating Adenanthera pavonina cuttings:

[0122] Step 4: The cutting medium is river sand + vermiculite (4:1), and the rest is exactly the same as in Example 2. Figure 8 As shown in C.

[0123] Experimental Example 1

[0124] After 6 months, the comparison results of Examples 1-2 and Comparative Examples 1-17 are shown in Table 1.

[0125] Table 1

[0126]

[0127]

[0128] As can be seen from Table 1, the pretreatment of the mother tree (Comparative Example 1) can increase the endogenous ABA content of the cuttings by cutting off water and controlling moisture, further enhance stress resistance, and improve water use efficiency after transplanting; through phosphorus and potassium accumulation, it further promotes the transfer of carbohydrates to the base. After 6 months, the germination rate increased by 166.7%, the average root length increased by 105.6%, and the number of lateral roots increased by 8.6%.

[0129] Through hormone optimization (Comparative Examples 2-15), it can be seen that long-term hormone treatment (12 hours) can induce root primordium differentiation and enable root growth; further sealing with Clonex rooting gel can increase root length and number. After 6 months, compared with other rooting hormone treatments, Example 2 has a 100% increase in budding rate, a 42.6% to 171.9% increase in root length, and a 38.1% to 163.6% increase in lateral rooting. Using other hormones or IBA treatments for too long or too short a time will affect rooting and budding rates. Changing the treatment concentration in Examples 1 and 3 will slightly reduce rooting and budding rates.

[0130] By applying the Bacillus subtilis inoculant (Comparative Example 16), it can be seen that the inoculant effectively increased the germination rate and promoted rooting. After 6 months without the application of Bacillus subtilis, the germination rate decreased by 76.4%, the average root length decreased by 93.3%, and the number of lateral roots decreased by 48.7%.

[0131] Through the treatment of the substrate (Comparative Example 17), it can be seen that the single river sand substrate can ensure the rooting and budding rate. Adding vermiculite may lead to insufficient substrate moisture, reducing the budding rate and rooting.

[0132] Although the present invention has been described in detail above using general descriptions and specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements may be made thereto. Therefore, such modifications and improvements, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, are intended to be within the scope of protection claimed herein.

Claims

1. A cutting method for rapid propagation of purple-flowered red beans, characterized in that: The method comprises: Step 1: Preprocessing of the mother tree Before grafting, apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to the mother tree and spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate to enhance nutrient accumulation in the cuttings. 5-7 days before cutting, cut off water and control humidity on the mother tree to increase cell sap concentration. Step 2: Spike Selection Select 1-2 year old purple flower red bean branches with a diameter greater than 0.5 cm, free of pests and diseases and mechanical damage as cuttings. The cuttings are 3-10 cm long, retain 3-5 buds, and do not leave leaves and side branches. Cut the upper end flat and the lower end obliquely. Step 3: Hormone treatment Soak the cut cuttings in 300±50mg / L IBA for 11-13h. Then, apply Clonex gel to the bottom of the cuttings and seal the cuts with gel to moisturize and promote root growth. Step 4: Construction of cutting medium and seedling bed The cutting medium is river sand, which is exposed to the sun, disinfected with potassium permanganate, and pre-treated with carbendazim. The seedling bed is a cement pool with a filling thickness equal to the height of the seedling bed. The seedling bed is built in a simple arched sunshade shed, and the top is covered with a double layer of black sunshade net. Step 5: Cutting and maintenance Use the upright cutting method, insert the treated cuttings base downward into the river sand, control the shading rate and humidity, water regularly, and apply Bacillus subtilis inoculant during the period until the cuttings grow roots, transplant and carry out subsequent cultivation.

2. A cutting method for rapid propagation of purple flower red beans according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step 1, the spraying concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.1-0.3%.

3. A cutting method for rapid propagation of purple flowered red beans according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step 3, the IBA concentration is 300 mg / L.

4. A cutting method for rapid propagation of purple flowered red beans according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, the IBA is then further treated with a rooting-promoting gel.

5. A cutting method for rapid propagation of purple flowered red beans according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the step 3, the Clonex gel is Clonex Rooting Gel.

6. A cutting method for rapid propagation of purple flowered red beans according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4, the concentration of potassium permanganate is 0.1% to 0.5%.

7. A cutting method for rapid propagation of purple flowered red beans according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4, the usage of carbendazim is 1g / m 3 .

8. A cutting method for rapid propagation of purple-flowered red beans according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 5, the usage amount of the Bacillus subtilis inoculant is 1 g / L.

9. A cutting method for rapid propagation of purple flowered red beans according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 5, the shading rate and humidity are controlled by using a small arch shed with a transparent film.

10. A cutting method for rapid propagation of purple-flowered red beans according to claim 9, characterized in that: The shading rate is controlled at 60-70%, and the humidity is controlled at above 80%.

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