Device for reducing wheel-rail interaction force through magnetic repulsive force

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for reducing wheel-rail interaction force by magnetic repulsive force, which comprises a magnetic foot mounted on a wheel shaft system and a magnetic plate arranged on a track system, and the magnetic foot and the magnetic plate have the same magnetism to generate repulsive force. In the running process of the vehicle, the magnetic repulsive force between the magnetic feet and the magnetic plates balances part of the gravity of the vehicle, so that the interaction force between wheel rails is reduced, and meanwhile, the magnetic repulsive force can reduce impact vibration caused by geometric irregularity of the wheel rails. The device can eliminate related diseases of a vehicle system and a rail system caused by the wheel-rail dynamic effect, relieve the influence of vibration noise on the environment, and improve the service performance and the environment-friendly performance of rail traffic.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transit equipment, and specifically to a device for reducing wheel-rail interaction force by using magnetic repulsion in a rail vehicle axle system, and is particularly suitable for an active vibration reduction system for improving train running smoothness and riding comfort. Background Art

[0002] During high-speed operation, rail vehicles are inevitably subject to wheelset vibrations caused by factors such as uneven track joints, track wear, roadbed stiffness variations, and train load fluctuations. These vibrations typically manifest as vertical impacts, lateral disturbances, and radial runout, posing a threat to the vehicle's structural lifespan, operational stability, and passenger comfort.

[0003] Existing vibration reduction technologies mainly use passive methods, such as air springs and hydraulic dampers. Although these devices have a certain buffering effect on vibrations in certain frequency bands, they are difficult to deal with vibration problems in the entire frequency band, and there are problems such as poor stiffness adjustability, complex maintenance, and limited lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve the problems of severe vibration of the vehicle and track systems, increased wear of wheels and rails, and fatigue damage to components of the vehicle and track systems caused by heavy train axle weights, intense wheel-rail dynamic interactions, and limited vibration control methods in existing rail transit systems. A device is proposed that can be installed at the axle or axle box position to balance part of the axle weight through magnetic repulsion, thereby reducing the wheel-rail dynamic interactions. Wheel-rail unevenness can cause changes in the gap between the magnetic foot and the magnetic plate. The magnitude of the magnetic repulsion and the gap are negatively correlated, which can automatically eliminate the effects of wheel-rail unevenness. It is also possible to actively control the proportion of axle weight balanced by the magnetic repulsion by adjusting the current, thereby making the train run more smoothly.

[0005] Technical Solution

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention provides a device for reducing wheel-rail interaction force by magnetic repulsion, comprising a magnetic foot, a magnetic plate, a support structure, and a control module. The magnetic foot is arranged on an axle or an axle box and can generate an adjustable magnetic repulsion force between the magnetic foot and the magnetic plate during the operation of the train; the magnetic plate is connected to the sleeper or the track bed through the support structure and is used to transmit the magnetic repulsion force generated between the magnetic foot and the magnetic plate; the control module is connected to the magnetic foot and is used to adjust the magnetic field strength to achieve active regulation of the magnetic repulsion force.

[0008] When the train is running, the magnetic foot adjusts the current in real time through the control module based on the vibration response of the wheel-rail system, thereby actively suppressing train or track vibration. The adjustable magnetic force enables the device to adapt to the dynamic response requirements under different loads and operating conditions.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the electromagnetic unit preferably comprises a soft magnetic core with an excitation coil wound from copper wire or a conductive alloy. The core is made of a high-permeability material. To prevent magnetic flux leakage, a gap is provided between the core's pole face and the magnetically conductive member. The gap width is between 3 and 10 mm to ensure effective levitation force output.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the magnetic plate is a plate-shaped structure made of ferromagnetic material, preferably an iron-cobalt alloy with high coercivity and low remanence, and has good magnetic permeability.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the control module includes: a signal acquisition unit, a signal processor, an amplification circuit and a PWM control chip; the signal acquisition unit collects vibration data in real time through an accelerometer, displacement sensor or speed sensor installed on the vehicle bogie or track, and transmits it to the signal processor; the control algorithm judges the current vibration state in real time and outputs a control signal to the magnetic foot to achieve adjustment of the magnetic repulsion force.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the magnetic plates can be placed on both sides of the rails, on the sleepers or on the roadbed; the magnetic feet can be placed on both ends or the middle of the axle, on the axle box housing, etc.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in order to further improve the maintainability and replaceability of the device, the magnetic foot is fixed to the axle or axle box by a quick-release buckle or threaded connection, and the magnetic plate can be fixed by a slot or bolt for quick replacement.

[0014] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0015] The device described in the present invention forms a controllable magnetic field between a magnetic foot and a magnetic plate. When unevenness between the wheel and rail causes vibration, a control module collects vibration signals in real time and actively adjusts the magnetic field strength to generate a magnetic repulsion between the magnetic plate and the magnetic foot, effectively reducing the interaction force between the wheel and rail.

[0016] The present invention achieves controllable wheel-rail force through magnetic repulsion, solves the vibration problem of traditional steel wheel-rail standard rail transit, and can fundamentally improve the service performance of rail transit.

[0017] The device for reducing wheel-rail interaction force by using magnetic repulsion of the present invention has a compact structure, does not occupy the limited space of the track structure, and does not affect the normal operation of the train or interfere with the inspection and maintenance of key components.

[0018] The device has good adaptability and can realize magnetic repulsion control under multiple working conditions through the control module according to the actual load and operating conditions. It is suitable for different types of urban rail transit systems, high-speed railways or heavy-load railways.

[0019] The modular design and quick-disassembly installation method of the device improve the convenience and flexibility of engineering applications. Different layout methods can be selected according to needs to form an efficient and coordinated overall structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic foot in Example 1.

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the installation of the device for reducing the wheel-rail interaction force using magnetic repulsion in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic foot in Example 2.

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the installation of the device for reducing the wheel-rail interaction force using magnetic repulsion in Example 2.

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the installation of the device for reducing the wheel-rail interaction force using magnetic repulsion in Example 3.

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the magnetic repulsion valley generated by the cooperation of two sets of magnetic plates in Example 3 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The figure shows a device for reducing wheel-rail interaction force by magnetic repulsion according to the present invention. The device mainly consists of a magnetic foot 03 installed at the axle position and a magnetic plate 04 installed at the track position. A vertical magnetic repulsion force is generated between the magnetic foot 03 and the magnetic plate 04, which can automatically reduce part of the axle weight of the vehicle and reduce the mutual dynamic effect between the wheel pairs. The magnitude of the magnetic repulsion can also be actively adjusted by the control system to obtain better results.

[0028] The magnetic foot 03 is composed of a coil 05 wound around it, forming a pair of active magnetic poles with the magnetic plate 04. Under the control of the control module, it can generate a magnetic field with adjustable strength. The magnetic foot 03 is connected to the axle system 01 via a bearing 06, ensuring that the magnetic foot always faces the magnetic plate during train movement.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, there should be a gap of 3-10 mm between the magnetic foot 03 and the magnetic plate 04 to avoid collision between the magnetic foot and the magnetic plate due to unevenness while also ensuring good magnetic repulsion.

[0030] The magnetic foot 03 can be relatively stationary or relatively rotating relative to the axle 01 through the bearing 06, and has the ability to automatically return to the center under the action of the magnetic repulsion force, thereby ensuring the effectiveness and continuity of the direction of the magnetic repulsion force between the magnetic foot 03 and the magnetic plate 04.

[0031] The magnetic plate 04 primarily consists of a magnetic track module, a fixed base, and a cushion. The magnetic track module includes multiple closely spaced permanent magnet units or electromagnetic coil units that generate an induced magnetic field, encapsulated in a non-magnetic housing. This ensures stable magnetic field control and is resistant to external interference. The housing is preferably made of aluminum alloy or glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP), which offers excellent mechanical strength and electromagnetic compatibility.

[0032] The fixed base is mounted on the upper surface of the sleeper or trackbed and is securely connected to the sleeper or trackbed structure via bolts, ensuring it does not shift or loosen even at high train speeds. To accommodate the complexity of the track structure, an adjustable height assembly can be installed between the base and the magnetic plate to control the distance between the magnetic foot and the magnetic plate.

[0033] The magnetic track structure supports modular installation design and can be arranged locally or continuously according to the train running section, speed requirements or vibration frequency band.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, as an optimization solution, the device can be set in the axle box.

[0036] The core components of this device, which uses magnetic repulsion to reduce wheel-rail interaction, are the magnetic foot 03 and the magnetic plate 04. Magnetic foot 03 is connected to the axle box 07 and is located above the magnetic plate 04. Windings of coil 05 are used to generate a magnetic field of adjustable strength under the control of an external control module. Magnetic foot 03 can be integrally formed with the axle box 07, or employ a snap-on design.

[0037] The magnetic foot 03 and the magnetic plate 04 have the same polarity, which generates a stable magnetic repulsion force, thereby effectively reducing the interaction force between the wheel and rail.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, a gap of 3–10 mm must be maintained between the magnetic foot 03 and the magnetic plate 04 to prevent collisions caused by uneven track surfaces while maintaining effective magnetic repulsion. This spacing can be optimized based on the train's vibration frequency and operating speed.

[0039] The magnetic plate assembly consists of three main components: a magnetic track module, a fixed base, and a cushioning layer. The magnetic track module contains multiple closely spaced permanent magnets or electromagnetic units, encapsulated in a non-magnetic housing to ensure stable magnetic field output and interference resistance. The housing is made of aluminum alloy or glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP), offering excellent mechanical strength and electromagnetic compatibility.

[0040] The magnetic plate is installed above the railroad sleeper or trackbed, connected to the trackbed or trackbed via bolts or slots, ensuring that the structure does not shift or loosen during high-speed train operation. To accommodate different track configurations and installation environments, a height-adjustable assembly is installed between the base and the magnetic plate, allowing for precise control of the distance between the magnetic plate and the train's magnetic foot.

[0041] This device adopts a modular structure design and can be selectively deployed in sections or continuously according to the speed level, vibration conditions and other requirements of the actual train operation section, thereby saving construction costs.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the magnetic foot 03 is installed in the middle of the wheel axle system 01. To match this structural arrangement, two sets of magnetic plate components 04 are symmetrically arranged on both sides below the magnetic foot to generate a magnetic repulsion valley area, such as Figure 6 As shown, the entire system has a higher dynamic self-stabilizing ability. During the train operation, the magnetic foot 03 is in the magnetic repulsion valley area, which can automatically balance the lateral force of the magnetic foot and significantly improve the stability of the system.

[0044] The structure of magnetic foot 03 is identical to that of Example 1. The coil 05 windings form an electromagnetic unit, dynamically adjusting the magnetic field strength based on the output signal from the control module. The magnetic foot is mounted at the center of the axle via a bearing, ensuring a stable relative position relative to the magnetic plate as the train moves forward.

[0045] The magnetic plates 04 on both sides are respectively arranged under the two ends of the magnetic feet. The installation method is consistent with the above embodiment, and is mainly composed of a magnetic track module, a fixed base and a buffer pad.

[0046] To ensure uniform magnetic field distribution and symmetrical system forces, the two sets of magnetic plates are designed with strict symmetry in their positioning, magnet specifications, and mounting height. The fixed base is securely connected to the trackbed or sleepers via non-magnetic anchoring components and features a height-adjustable unit to precisely control the vertical distance between the two magnetic plates and the magnetic feet.

[0047] In addition, the bilaterally symmetrical maglev structure supports modular and segmented deployment, and can flexibly configure the length and density of the magnetic plates according to the train's dynamic characteristics, operating section conditions and target vibration frequency band.

[0048] In summary, this embodiment achieves force balance and improved system stability during train operation by providing a magnetic foot at the axial center of the axle and symmetrically arranging magnetic plate assemblies on both sides thereof. This is a supplement and optimization of the aforementioned embodiment. At the same time, the magnetic repulsion valley can also be achieved by a single set of magnetic plates and a magnetic foot with two magnetic units above it. The device for reducing the wheel-rail interaction force described in this embodiment can also be provided in two sets arranged symmetrically along the axle direction.

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the above content is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for reducing wheel-rail interaction force by magnetic repulsion, characterized in that: The invention comprises a magnetic foot (1), a magnetic plate (2), and a bearing (3). The magnetic foot is mounted on the axle via the bearing, and the magnetic plate is fixed on the track. The magnetic foot and the magnetic plate have the same polarity, generating a repulsive force.

2. The device for reducing wheel-rail interaction force by magnetic repulsion according to claim 1, characterized in that: An active gap is provided between the magnetic foot (1) and the magnetic plate (2), and the distance of the active gap is 3 mm to 10 mm, so as to satisfy the magnetic repulsion force to form the required magnetic flux coupling strength.

3. The device for reducing wheel-rail interaction force by magnetic repulsion according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The magnetic foot (1) is connected to the axle via a bearing (3); the bearing (3) and the magnetic foot (1) can be arranged individually in the middle of the axle, or in two or three groups symmetrically arranged around the axle.

4. The device for reducing wheel-rail interaction force by magnetic repulsion according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The magnetic foot can be installed on the axle box and formed integrally with the axle box.

5. The device for reducing wheel-rail interaction force by magnetic repulsion according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Two groups of symmetrically distributed magnetic plate assemblies are configured below the magnetic feet, or a magnetic foot structure consisting of two magnetic units is configured above the magnetic plate. The symmetrically distributed magnetic feet or magnetic plates can form a magnetic repulsive force valley area, thereby achieving a lateral force balance state of the system.

6. The device for reducing wheel-rail interaction force by magnetic repulsion according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the magnetic foot (1) is provided with a plurality of groups of electromagnetic coils (4) for enhancing the magnetic suspension effect or realizing dynamic adjustment of the magnetic field intensity.

7. According to claim 6, the magnetic foot (1) can be relatively stationary or relatively rotating relative to the axle, and has the ability to automatically return to the center under the action of magnetic repulsion, thereby ensuring the effectiveness and continuity of the direction of the magnetic repulsion between the magnetic foot (1) and the magnetic plate (2).

8. The device for reducing wheel-rail interaction force by magnetic repulsion according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The magnetic plate is a magnetic source structure that generates magnetic repulsion. The magnetic plate can be composed of an electromagnet or a permanent magnet to achieve adjustable or constant magnetic repulsion output according to the application scenario.

9. The device for reducing wheel-rail interaction force by magnetic repulsion according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The device can also adopt the principle of electric suspension to achieve stable suspension and adjustment of the magnetic feet through a control system.

10. The device for reducing wheel-rail interaction force by magnetic repulsion according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The magnetic foot (1) is provided with a power supply control module and a signal receiver. The power supply control module is in communication with the vehicle main control system and automatically adjusts the current of the coil according to the wheel-rail vibration parameters acquired by the signal receiver, thereby achieving control over the magnitude of the magnetic repulsive force.

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