Cultivation method of high-zinc and high-calcium rice

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rice cultivation, and particularly relates to a high-zinc and high-calcium rice cultivation method which comprises the following steps: S1, determining a planting plot, and ensuring unified planting; s2, rotary tillage: after wheat harvesting, the shorter wheat stubbles during wheat harvesting are, the better the wheat stubbles are, and a rotary cultivator or a straw returning machine is determined to be selected for the first rotary tillage according to the grass quantity condition in the land; s3, applying a base fertilizer: performing operation through a fertilizer sowing machine, and uniformly sowing; s4, secondary rotary tillage: ensuring the crushing degree of the straws; s5, sowing: selecting Hunan mountain rice to cultivate and hybridize, and sowing uniformly through a rotary tillage drill seeder; s6, watering, wherein flood irrigation is needed for the first time, and watering is conducted within one day after sowing; s7, closed weeding, wherein weeding closed liquid medicine is sprayed on the second day after watering; the rice cultivated through the method is good in taste and high in quality, the cultivation method is convenient to operate, the breeding work intensity is relieved, the breeding work efficiency is improved, and the method has important significance in accelerating the new variety cultivation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of rice cultivation technology, specifically relating to a method for cultivating high-zinc and high-calcium rice. Background Technology

[0002] Rice is the staple food of the Chinese people. With the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for high-quality rice is increasing daily, especially for specialty rice. Specialty rice is rich in nutrients, and the contradiction between supply and demand is constantly intensifying. Therefore, increasing rice yield, improving rice quality, and ensuring a stable supply are issues of common concern both domestically and internationally.

[0003] Existing techniques for supplementing zinc and calcium in rice, from the perspective of cultivation techniques and processes, mostly involve foliar fertilization during cultivation. The disadvantages of this method are: complex operation, difficulty in controlling application rates, high manpower and material resources required, often failing to achieve the desired calcium supplementation, and the use of mostly chemically synthesized calcium, which does not meet the requirements of organic production. Therefore, developing a cultivation method for high-zinc, high-calcium rice is crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for cultivating high-zinc and high-calcium rice to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for cultivating high-zinc, high-calcium rice includes the following steps: S1. Determine the planting plots and ensure that each plot can be planted uniformly; S2. Rotary Tillage: After the wheat harvest, the lower the stubble of the wheat harvest, the better. Depending on the amount of grass in the field, decide whether to use a rotary tiller or a straw return machine for the first rotary tillage. S3. Apply base fertilizer: Use a fertilizer spreader to spread the fertilizer evenly; S4. Secondary rotary tillage: Ensure the degree of straw pulverization. After rotary tillage, ensure that the straw is thoroughly pulverized and there is no straw accumulation. S5. Sowing: Selected from hybrid rice cultivated in Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province, the seeds are first detoxified with a biological detoxifying agent and then dried for 1-2 days. They are then sown using a rotary tiller and spread evenly. S6. Watering: The first watering should be flooded, and watering should be done within one day after sowing. S7. Pre-emergence weed control: Apply pre-emergence herbicide the day after watering. The operation is carried out by self-propelled, plant protection machine or electric sprayer. For small planting areas, manual sprayer can be used. The weed control mode is "one-seal, two-kill (pre-emergence), three-replenish". Reduce the weed base in the early stage, and replenish the weeds in the middle and late stages according to the weed situation. S8. Pest and disease control: Apply pesticides during three key periods: about 20 days after sowing, at the end of tillering, and at the heading stage.

[0006] Furthermore, in step S1, it is determined that the planting plots must be convenient for irrigation, that is, one well hole for every 60 mu.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S2, during rotary tillage, the soil depth is 12-15 cm.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S3, the depth of applying base fertilizer is 8-10 cm.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S4, the secondary rotary tillage depth is 8 cm.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S5, the rotary tiller seeder has a row spacing of 20 cm, a seeding depth of 2 cm, and locally no more than 3 cm, with a seeding rate of 15 catties / mu.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S7, the main components of the pre-emergent herbicide are: 130g of 60% oxadiazon, 65g of 16% pendimethalin, 10g of 10% pyrimisulfuron, and 100g of 60% butachlor.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S8, the first application of pesticides is in early July, mainly to treat rice sheath blight, rice leaf roller, and white-backed planthopper, while also treating the second generation of rice leaf roller, rice locust, and rice blast; the second application is around July 25, mainly to treat the second generation of rice stem borer, rice planthopper, third generation of rice leaf roller, and rice sheath blight, while also treating rice blast, rice leaf roller, and bacterial blight; the third application is in mid-August, to be carried out during the rice heading and panicle emergence stage, mainly to treat neck blast, rice false smut, and the third generation of rice stem borer, while also treating rice planthopper and rice sheath blight.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The high-zinc, high-calcium rice developed in this invention has a growth period of 118-132 days, requires an activity temperature of ≥10℃, and an effective accumulated temperature of 2300-2700℃. The plant height is 89-90 cm, with a semi-compact panicle type. It is suitable for cultivation in medium fertility, exhibits strong disease and lodging resistance, is tolerant to cold damage, and has moderate to strong tillering. The panicle length is 20 cm, with an average of 90 grains per panicle and a thousand-grain weight of 16 grams. It has good taste, excellent quality, and is easy to cultivate. This invention is of great significance in reducing the intensity of breeding work, improving breeding efficiency, and accelerating the process of developing new varieties. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments. Example

[0015] A method for cultivating high-zinc, high-calcium rice includes the following steps: S1. Site selection: Determine the planting plots to ensure that each plot can be planted uniformly. Also, ensure that the plots are convenient for irrigation, with a well for about 60 acres. S2. Rotary Tillage: After the wheat harvest, the lower the stubble of the wheat harvest, the better. Depending on the amount of grass in the field, decide whether to use a rotary tiller or a straw return machine for the first rotary tillage. The depth of the first rotary tillage should be 12-15 cm. S3. Apply base fertilizer: Use a fertilizer spreader to apply the base fertilizer to a depth of 8-10 cm and spread it evenly. S4. Secondary rotary tillage: Rotary tillage depth of 8 cm to ensure the degree of straw pulverization. After two rotary tillages, ensure that the straw is thoroughly pulverized and there is no straw accumulation. S5. Sowing: Selected from hybrid rice cultivated in Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province, the seeds are first detoxified with a biological detoxifying agent and dried for 1-2 days. Then, they are sown using a rotary tillage seeder with a row spacing of 20 cm, a sowing depth of 2 cm, and no more than 3 cm in some areas. The seed rate is 15 catties / mu, and the seeds are sown evenly. S6. Watering: The first watering should be flooded, and watering should be done within one day after sowing. S7. Pre-emergence herbicide application: Apply pre-emergence herbicide the day after watering. Application can be done using self-propelled, agricultural machinery, or electric sprayers. For smaller planting areas, manual spraying can be used. The herbicide application follows a "one-stop, two-kill (pre-emergence), three-replenish" approach: reduce the initial weed population, and replenish weeds as needed in the later stages. The main components of the pre-emergence herbicide are: 130g of 60% butachlor, 65g of 16% pendimethalin and pyrimisulfuron, 10g of 10% pyrimisulfuron, and 100g of 60% butachlor. S8. Pest and disease control: Apply pesticides at three key times: about 20 days after sowing, at the end of tillering, and at the heading stage. The first application is in early July, mainly to control rice sheath blight, rice leaf roller, and white-backed planthopper, while also controlling the second generation of rice leaf roller, rice locust, and rice blast. The second application is around July 25, mainly to control the second generation of rice stem borer, rice planthopper, third generation of rice leaf roller, and rice sheath blight, while also controlling rice blast, rice leaf roller, and bacterial blight. The third application is in mid-August, during the heading and panicle emergence stage, mainly to control neck blast, rice false smut, and the third generation of rice stem borer, while also controlling rice planthopper and rice sheath blight.

[0016] Note: If the field is dry after the seedlings have emerged, water them in time to protect the seedlings. If there is local weeding, apply herbicide twice. Spray when the rice seedlings have 5-7 leaves, and irrigate and fertilize 2-3 days later. It is recommended to use 15-20 kg of humic acid urea per mu to promote seedling growth. Fertilize only after the weeds are dead to prevent weeds from rebounding.

[0017] It should be noted that the zinc and calcium in high-zinc and high-calcium upland rice are obtained through the absorption of high-zinc and high-calcium functional fertilizers applied to the soil by the developed root system.

[0018] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention. Commonly known structures and characteristics of the solutions are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, based on the guidance provided in this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent.

[0019] In the embodiments of this invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" are used to indicate orientation or positional relationships, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting this patent. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0020] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" or similar designation indicating a connection between components should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can refer to the internal communication between two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating high-zinc, high-calcium rice, characterized in that, The cultivation method includes the following steps: S1. Determine the planting plots and ensure that each plot can be planted uniformly; S2. Rotary Tillage: After the wheat harvest, the lower the stubble of the wheat harvest, the better. Depending on the amount of grass in the field, decide whether to use a rotary tiller or a straw return machine for the first rotary tillage. S3. Apply base fertilizer: Use a fertilizer spreader to spread the fertilizer evenly; S4. Secondary rotary tillage: Ensure the degree of straw pulverization. After rotary tillage, ensure that the straw is thoroughly pulverized and there is no straw accumulation. S5. Sowing: Selected from hybrid rice cultivated in Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province, the seeds are first detoxified with a biological detoxifying agent and then dried for 1-2 days. They are then sown using a rotary tiller and spread evenly. S6. Watering: The first watering should be flooded, and watering should be done within one day after sowing. S7. Pre-emergence weed control: Apply pre-emergence herbicide the day after watering. The operation is carried out by self-propelled, plant protection machine or electric sprayer. For small planting areas, manual sprayer can be used. The weed control mode is "one-seal, two-kill (pre-emergence), three-replenish". Reduce the weed base in the early stage, and replenish the weeds in the middle and late stages according to the weed situation. S8. Pest and disease control: Apply pesticides during three key periods: about 20 days after sowing, at the end of tillering, and at the heading stage.

2. The method for cultivating high-zinc, high-calcium rice as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the planting plots must be designed to ensure convenient irrigation, that is, one well for every 60 mu (approximately 4 hectares).

3. The method for cultivating high-zinc, high-calcium rice as described in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the soil is rotary tilled to a depth of 12-15 cm.

4. The method for cultivating high-zinc, high-calcium rice as described in claim 3, characterized in that: In step S3, the depth of applying base fertilizer is 8-10 cm.

5. The method for cultivating high-zinc, high-calcium rice as described in claim 4, characterized in that: In step S4, the secondary rotary tillage depth is 8 cm.

6. The method for cultivating high-zinc, high-calcium rice as described in claim 5, characterized in that: In step S5, the rotary tiller seeder has a row spacing of 20 cm, a seeding depth of 2 cm (not exceeding 3 cm in some areas), and a seeding rate of 15 catties / mu.

7. The method for cultivating high-zinc, high-calcium rice as described in claim 6, characterized in that: In step S7, the main components of the pre-emergent herbicide are: 130g of 60% oxadiazon, 65g of 16% pendimethalin, 10g of 10% pyrimisulfuron, and 100g of 60% butachlor.

8. The method for cultivating high-zinc, high-calcium rice as described in claim 7, characterized in that: In step S8, the first application of pesticides is in early July, mainly to treat rice sheath blight, rice leaf roller, and white-backed planthopper, while also treating the second generation of rice leaf roller, rice locust, and rice blast; the second application is around July 25, mainly to treat the second generation of rice stem borer, rice planthopper, third generation of rice leaf roller, and rice sheath blight, while also treating rice blast, rice leaf roller, and bacterial blight; the third application is in mid-August, to be carried out during the rice heading and panicle emergence stage, mainly to treat neck blast, rice false smut, and the third generation of rice stem borer, while also treating rice planthopper and rice sheath blight.