Ganoderma spore coating technology

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine preparation, and discloses a ganoderma spore coating technology which comprises the following steps: pretreating raw materials, selecting wall-broken ganoderma spore powder, placing in a vacuum treatment chamber, vacuumizing until the absolute pressure is less than 5Pa, maintaining for 10-30 minutes, and sterilizing by using a cobalt-60 irradiation source at the irradiation dose of 10-15kGy for 2-4 hours; preparing a coating solution, namely mixing edible gelatin, sodium alginate and functional polypeptide in proportion, and adding purified water for dissolving to form the coating solution; and fluidized bed coating. In the invention, the functional polypeptide and a gelatin-sodium alginate matrix form directional hydrogen bond combination through a hydrophilic amino acid group of the functional polypeptide, so as to trigger synergistic crosslinking of molecular chains of a coating layer and construct a continuous and compact three-dimensional network structure; the network further reinforces interpenetrating cross-linking through ionic bonds in the curing process to form a directional barrier for active ingredients of spores, so that erosion of the gastrointestinal environment is blocked, and slow release and targeted absorption of active substances are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicine preparation technology, specifically to Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology. Background Technology

[0002] Reishi mushroom has long been considered a precious medicinal herb by pharmacists for its nourishing and strengthening properties. Modern medicine has also confirmed that reishi mushroom can enhance human immunity and anti-aging effects, and can treat various diseases. Reishi spores are powdery substances released when reishi mushrooms mature. They are sexual spores, similar to plant pollen, and their disease-preventing and therapeutic effects are no less than those of the reishi fruiting body and mycelium. Reishi spores are generally oval or truncate at the apex, with a double wall. The outer wall is transparent, and the inner wall is light brown or nearly brown, with small spines. They are the sexual reproductive cells of reishi mushrooms, are haploid, and can survive in harsh environments.

[0003] Before the cell wall of Ganoderma lucidum spores is broken, the outer chitinous shell protects them from oxygen, moisture, bacteria, and other substances that could damage the active ingredients inside. However, Ganoderma lucidum spores that are not broken are not easily absorbed by the human body.

[0004] After the cell wall is broken, the large surface area of ​​Ganoderma lucidum spore powder makes it easy to absorb oxygen, moisture, bacteria, and other substances from the air. Under the influence of these substances, the active ingredients in Ganoderma lucidum spores are easily oxidized or even moldy. Therefore, it is very important to encapsulate the broken-cell wall Ganoderma lucidum spore powder with a new, easily absorbed, edible membrane to prevent oxidation, improve the utilization of the active ingredients, and extend the product's shelf life.

[0005] Currently, because the Ganoderma lucidum spore coating process involves multi-stage heat-sensitive treatment, the cross-linking and curing status of the coating layer cannot be monitored in real time during the fluidized bed coating curing process. This can lead to insufficiently cross-linked coating layers cracking during subsequent vacuum drying, affecting the stability of the coating barrier function.

[0006] Therefore, a Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: Ganoderma lucidum spore encapsulation technology, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Raw material pretreatment. Select broken Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, place it in a vacuum treatment chamber, evacuate to an absolute pressure of less than 5 Pa and maintain for 10-30 min, then sterilize it with a cobalt-60 irradiation source with an irradiation dose of 10-15 kGy and a treatment time of 2-4 h. Step 2: Preparation of coating solution. Mix edible gelatin, sodium alginate and functional peptides in a certain proportion, add purified water to dissolve and form a coating solution. Step 3: Fluidized bed coating. Place the pretreated spore powder in a fluidized bed, control the inlet air temperature at 40-50℃ and the atomization pressure at 0.15-0.3MPa. Spray the coating solution in 3-5 times using an intermittent spraying method, with an interval of 10-20 minutes between each spray and stirring at 30-50 r / min. The total coating weight gain rate is 15%-30%. Step 4: Vacuum drying. The coated material is transferred to a vacuum drying oven and dried for 2-3 hours at an absolute pressure of less than 10 kPa and a temperature of 40-45℃, controlling the final moisture content to be less than 6.0%. Step 5: Capsule filling. Fill the dried, coated spore powder into No. 1 capsules, with a specification of 0.25g / capsule; In step two, the coating solution is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts edible gelatin, 20-30 parts sodium alginate, 5-10 parts functional peptides, and 100-150 parts purified water.

[0009] Preferably, the broken-cell wall Ganoderma lucidum spore powder in step one needs to meet the following quality indicators: The crude polysaccharide content is greater than 0.50 g / 100 g, the moisture content is less than 8.0%, the ash content is less than 4.0%, the total bacterial count is less than 500 CFU / g, the coliform count is less than 0.3 MPN / g, and Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus, and β-hemolytic streptococci must not be detected.

[0010] Preferably, the method for preparing the coating solution includes: Add edible gelatin and sodium alginate to purified water and stir at 200-400 r / min for 20-30 min in a water bath at 45-55℃. Add the functional peptides and continue stirring for 10-15 minutes.

[0011] Preferably, the functional peptide is a complex of marine collagen peptide and whey protein peptide, with a mass ratio of 2:1 to 3:1, a molecular weight of less than 5000 Da, and a proportion of hydrophilic amino acids greater than 40% in the complex peptide.

[0012] Preferably, a coating and curing process is included between steps three and four: after the fluidized bed coating is completed, the air inlet temperature is maintained at 40-45℃, the atomization system is turned off, and fluidization and stirring are continued at a speed of 20-30 r / min for 30-50 min to allow the coating layer to fully crosslink and solidify.

[0013] Preferably, the specific parameters for fluidized bed coating in step three are as follows: Inlet air temperature 40-44℃, material fluidization height 30-50cm, atomizer orifice diameter 0.8-1.2mm; The spraying procedure is as follows: first spray 20% of the total amount of coating liquid, with an interval of 15 minutes; second spray 30%, with an interval of 20 minutes; and third spray 50%.

[0014] Preferably, the coating solution further contains 2-5 parts of an antioxidant, which is a compound of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and rosemary extract in a mass ratio of 1:1 to 1:2, wherein the EGCG purity is greater than 95% and the rosemary extract contains greater than 15% carrageenan acid.

[0015] Preferably, the vacuum drying process employs a gradient pressure reduction method: Phase 1: The absolute pressure is reduced from atmospheric pressure to 20 kPa and maintained for 0.5 hours; Second stage: Pressure is reduced to 10 kPa and maintained for 1 hour; Third stage: The pressure is reduced to 5 kPa and maintained for 0.5-1 hour.

[0016] Preferably, the capsule filling process includes an online quality monitoring system that uses a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) instrument to detect the following indicators in real time: Coating integrity: The coefficient of variation of absorbance at 1680 nm is less than 5%; Retention rate of active ingredients: The intensity of polysaccharide characteristic peaks decreased by less than 8%; Moisture content: Drying parameters are adjusted in real time based on feedback.

[0017] Preferably, the antioxidant is introduced in two gradient stages: Add 40% of the total amount initially, simultaneously after adding the functional peptides, and stir in a water bath at 45-55℃ for 10-15 minutes. The remaining 60% is added during the heating stage to 60-70℃ for high-speed dispersion.

[0018] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, the functional polypeptide forms directional hydrogen bonds with the gelatin-sodium alginate matrix through its hydrophilic amino acid groups, triggering synergistic cross-linking of the coating layer molecular chains to construct a continuous and dense three-dimensional network structure. During the curing process, this network is further strengthened by interpenetrating cross-linking through ionic bonds, forming a directional barrier against the active ingredients of the spores, blocking the erosion of the gastrointestinal environment, and ensuring the sustained release and targeted absorption of the active substances.

[0019] 2. In this invention, the gradient-mixed compound antioxidants are integrated through a phased fusion mechanism: the hydrophilic components penetrate and anchor inside the coating matrix, while the hydrophobic components are dispersed and coated in the network of hydrophobic micro-regions, and self-assemble into a biphase protective layer during the curing process; this protective layer actively captures free radicals and blocks the oxidation chain reaction, delaying the photothermal oxidation and deterioration of the coating layer and spore core components, and maintaining long-term stability.

[0020] 3. In this invention, the synergistic effect of temperature-controlled fluidized bed curing and gradient vacuum drying guides the coating layer to complete molecular rearrangement and defect-free solidification in a semi-molten state, forming a complete coating film with high mechanical strength; the near-infrared online monitoring system analyzes the coating integrity, active conformation and moisture state in real time, and links process parameters through a dynamic feedback mechanism to ensure uniform coating performance and maximum retention of active ingredients. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the preparation method of the Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1: Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology, including the following steps: Step 1: Raw material pretreatment. Select broken Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, place it in a vacuum treatment chamber, evacuate to an absolute pressure of less than 5 Pa and maintain for 10 min, then sterilize it with a cobalt-60 irradiation source with an irradiation dose of 10 kGy and a treatment time of 2 h. Step 2: Preparation of coating solution. Mix edible gelatin, sodium alginate and functional peptides in a certain proportion, add purified water to dissolve and form a coating solution. Step 3: Fluidized bed coating. The pretreated spore powder is placed in a fluidized bed, and the inlet air temperature is controlled at 40℃ and the atomization pressure is 0.15MPa. The coating liquid is sprayed in three times in an intermittent spraying manner, with an interval of 10 minutes between each spraying and stirring at 30 r / min. The total coating weight gain rate is 15%. Step 4: Vacuum drying. The coated material is transferred to a vacuum drying oven and dried for 2 hours at an absolute pressure of less than 10 kPa and a temperature of 40°C, controlling the final moisture content to be less than 6.0%. Step 5: Capsule filling. Fill the dried, coated spore powder into No. 1 capsules, with a specification of 0.25g / capsule; In step two, the coating solution is composed of the following raw materials by weight: 40 parts edible gelatin, 20 parts sodium alginate, 5 parts functional peptides, and 100 parts purified water.

[0024] The broken-cell wall Ganoderma lucidum spore powder in step one must meet the following quality indicators: The crude polysaccharide content is greater than 0.50 g / 100 g, the moisture content is less than 8.0%, the ash content is less than 4.0%, the total bacterial count is less than 500 CFU / g, the coliform count is less than 0.3 MPN / g, and Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus, and β-hemolytic streptococci must not be detected.

[0025] Methods for preparing coating solutions include: Add edible gelatin and sodium alginate to purified water and stir at 200 r / min for 20 min in a 45℃ water bath. Add the functional peptides and continue stirring for 10 minutes.

[0026] The functional peptide is a complex of marine collagen peptide and whey protein peptide with a mass ratio of 2:1, a molecular weight of less than 5000 Da, and a proportion of hydrophilic amino acids greater than 40% in the complex peptide.

[0027] Between steps three and four, there is also a coating and curing process: After the fluidized bed coating is completed, maintain the inlet air temperature at 40℃, turn off the atomization system, and continue fluidizing and stirring at a speed of 20r / min for 30min to allow the coating layer to fully crosslink and solidify.

[0028] The specific parameters for fluidized bed coating in step three are as follows: Inlet air temperature 40℃, material fluidization height 30cm, atomizer orifice diameter 0.8mm; The spraying procedure is as follows: first spray 20% of the total amount of coating liquid, with an interval of 15 minutes; second spray 30%, with an interval of 20 minutes; and third spray 50%.

[0029] The coating solution also contains two parts of antioxidants, which are a compound of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and rosemary extract in a mass ratio of 1:1. The EGCG has a purity of more than 95%, and the rosemary extract contains more than 15% arugulanic acid.

[0030] The vacuum drying process employs a gradient pressure reduction method: Phase 1: The absolute pressure is reduced from atmospheric pressure to 20 kPa and maintained for 0.5 hours; Second stage: Pressure is reduced to 10 kPa and maintained for 1 hour; Phase 3: The pressure is reduced to 5 kPa and maintained for 0.5 hours.

[0031] The capsule filling process includes an online quality monitoring system that uses a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) instrument to detect the following indicators in real time: Coating integrity: The coefficient of variation of absorbance at 1680 nm is less than 5%; Retention rate of active ingredients: The intensity of polysaccharide characteristic peaks decreased by less than 8%; Moisture content: Drying parameters are adjusted in real time based on feedback.

[0032] Antioxidants are introduced in two gradient stages: Add 40% of the total amount initially, simultaneously after adding the functional peptides, and stir in a 45°C water bath for 10 minutes; The remaining 60% is added during the heating stage to 60°C for high-speed dispersion.

[0033] Example 2: Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology, including the following steps: Step 1: Raw material pretreatment. Select broken Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, place it in a vacuum treatment chamber, evacuate to an absolute pressure of less than 5 Pa and maintain for 20 min, then sterilize it with a cobalt-60 irradiation source with an irradiation dose of 12 kGy and a treatment time of 3 h. Step 2: Preparation of coating solution. Mix edible gelatin, sodium alginate and functional peptides in a certain proportion, add purified water to dissolve and form a coating solution. Step 3: Fluidized bed coating. The pretreated spore powder is placed in a fluidized bed, and the inlet air temperature is controlled at 45℃ and the atomization pressure is 0.20MPa. The coating liquid is sprayed in 4 times in an intermittent spraying manner, with an interval of 15 minutes between each spraying and stirring at 40r / min. The total coating weight gain rate is 20%. Step 4: Vacuum drying. The coated material is transferred to a vacuum drying oven and dried for 2.5 hours at an absolute pressure of less than 10 kPa and a temperature of 42°C, controlling the final moisture content to be less than 6.0%. Step 5: Capsule filling. Fill the dried, coated spore powder into No. 1 capsules, with a specification of 0.25g / capsule; In step two, the coating solution is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts edible gelatin, 25 parts sodium alginate, 8 parts functional peptides, and 120 parts purified water.

[0034] The broken-cell wall Ganoderma lucidum spore powder in step one must meet the following quality indicators: The crude polysaccharide content is greater than 0.50 g / 100 g, the moisture content is less than 8.0%, the ash content is less than 4.0%, the total bacterial count is less than 500 CFU / g, the coliform count is less than 0.3 MPN / g, and Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus, and β-hemolytic streptococci must not be detected.

[0035] Methods for preparing coating solutions include: Add edible gelatin and sodium alginate to purified water and stir at 300 r / min for 25 min in a 50℃ water bath. Add the functional peptide and continue stirring for 12 minutes.

[0036] The functional peptide is a complex of marine collagen peptide and whey protein peptide with a mass ratio of 3:1, a molecular weight of less than 5000 Da, and a proportion of hydrophilic amino acids greater than 40% in the complex peptide.

[0037] Between steps three and four, there is also a coating and curing process: After the fluidized bed coating is completed, maintain the inlet air temperature at 42℃, turn off the atomization system, and continue fluidizing and stirring at a speed of 25r / min for 40min to allow the coating layer to fully crosslink and solidify.

[0038] The specific parameters for fluidized bed coating in step three are as follows: Inlet air temperature 42℃, material fluidization height 40cm, atomizer orifice diameter 1.0mm; The spraying procedure is as follows: first spray 20% of the total amount of coating liquid, with an interval of 15 minutes; second spray 30%, with an interval of 20 minutes; and third spray 50%.

[0039] The coating solution also contains 3 parts of antioxidants, which are a compound of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and rosemary extract in a mass ratio of 1:2. The EGCG has a purity of more than 95%, and the rosemary extract contains more than 15% arugulanic acid.

[0040] The vacuum drying process employs a gradient pressure reduction method: Phase 1: The absolute pressure is reduced from atmospheric pressure to 20 kPa and maintained for 0.5 hours; Second stage: Pressure is reduced to 10 kPa and maintained for 1 hour; Phase 3: The pressure is reduced to 5 kPa and maintained for 0.8 hours.

[0041] The capsule filling process includes an online quality monitoring system that uses a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) instrument to detect the following indicators in real time: Coating integrity: The coefficient of variation of absorbance at 1680 nm is less than 5%; Retention rate of active ingredients: The intensity of polysaccharide characteristic peaks decreased by less than 8%; Moisture content: Drying parameters are adjusted in real time based on feedback.

[0042] Antioxidants are introduced in two gradient stages: Add 40% of the total amount initially, simultaneously after adding the functional peptides, and stir in a 50°C water bath for 12 minutes. The remaining 60% is added during the heating stage to 65°C for high-speed dispersion.

[0043] Example 3: Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology, including the following steps: Step 1: Raw material pretreatment. Select broken Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, place it in a vacuum treatment chamber, evacuate to an absolute pressure of less than 5 Pa and maintain for 30 min, then sterilize it with a cobalt-60 irradiation source with an irradiation dose of 15 kGy and a treatment time of 4 h. Step 2: Preparation of coating solution. Mix edible gelatin, sodium alginate and functional peptides in a certain proportion, add purified water to dissolve and form a coating solution. Step 3: Fluidized bed coating. The pretreated spore powder is placed in a fluidized bed, and the inlet air temperature is controlled at 50℃ and the atomization pressure is 0.3MPa. The coating liquid is sprayed in 5 times in an intermittent spraying manner, with an interval of 20 minutes between each spraying and stirring at 50r / min. The total coating weight gain rate is 30%. Step 4: Vacuum drying. The coated material is transferred to a vacuum drying oven and dried for 3 hours at an absolute pressure of less than 10 kPa and a temperature of 45°C, controlling the final moisture content to be less than 6.0%. Step 5: Capsule filling. Fill the dried, coated spore powder into No. 1 capsules, with a specification of 0.25g / capsule; In step two, the coating solution is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts edible gelatin, 30 parts sodium alginate, 10 parts functional peptides, and 150 parts purified water.

[0044] The broken-cell wall Ganoderma lucidum spore powder in step one must meet the following quality indicators: The crude polysaccharide content is greater than 0.50 g / 100 g, the moisture content is less than 8.0%, the ash content is less than 4.0%, the total bacterial count is less than 500 CFU / g, the coliform count is less than 0.3 MPN / g, and Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus, and β-hemolytic streptococci must not be detected.

[0045] Methods for preparing coating solutions include: Add edible gelatin and sodium alginate to purified water and stir at 400 r / min for 30 min in a 55℃ water bath. Add the functional peptides and continue stirring for 15 minutes.

[0046] The functional peptide is a complex of marine collagen peptide and whey protein peptide with a mass ratio of 3:1, a molecular weight of less than 5000 Da, and a proportion of hydrophilic amino acids greater than 40% in the complex peptide.

[0047] Between steps three and four, there is also a coating and curing process: After the fluidized bed coating is completed, maintain the inlet air temperature at 45℃, turn off the atomization system, and continue fluidizing and stirring at a speed of 30r / min for 50min to allow the coating layer to fully crosslink and solidify.

[0048] The specific parameters for fluidized bed coating in step three are as follows: Inlet air temperature 44℃, material fluidization height 50cm, atomizer orifice diameter 1.2mm; The spraying procedure is as follows: first spray 20% of the total amount of coating liquid, with an interval of 15 minutes; second spray 30%, with an interval of 20 minutes; and third spray 50%.

[0049] The coating solution also contains 5 parts of antioxidants, which are a compound of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and rosemary extract in a mass ratio of 1:2. The EGCG has a purity of more than 95%, and the rosemary extract contains more than 15% arugulanic acid.

[0050] The vacuum drying process employs a gradient pressure reduction method: Phase 1: The absolute pressure is reduced from atmospheric pressure to 20 kPa and maintained for 0.5 hours; Second stage: Pressure is reduced to 10 kPa and maintained for 1 hour; Phase 3: Pressure is reduced to 5 kPa and maintained for 1 hour.

[0051] The capsule filling process includes an online quality monitoring system that uses a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) instrument to detect the following indicators in real time: Coating integrity: The coefficient of variation of absorbance at 1680 nm is less than 5%; Retention rate of active ingredients: The intensity of polysaccharide characteristic peaks decreased by less than 8%; Moisture content: Drying parameters are adjusted in real time based on feedback.

[0052] Antioxidants are introduced in two gradient stages: Add 40% of the total amount initially, simultaneously after adding the functional peptides, and stir in a 55°C water bath for 15 minutes. The remaining 60% is added during the heating stage to 70°C for high-speed dispersion.

[0053] Example 4: Optimization of Ganoderma lucidum spore coating process based on specific surface area control, including the following steps: Step 1: Raw material screening and granulation pretreatment: I. Select broken-cell wall Ganoderma lucidum spore powder with crude polysaccharide greater than 0.50g / 100g and moisture content less than 8.0%. Sterilize by vacuum irradiation at an absolute pressure of less than 5Pa for 20min, and then irradiate with cobalt-60 at 12kGy / 3h. II. The sterilized spore powder is granulated into uniform particles with a diameter of 0.5 mm using a dry granulation machine. Based on the specific surface area theory, the following calculations are performed: The specific surface area of ​​the original spores is 200m². 2 / g, spore diameter 6μm, density 0.5g / cm³ 3 ; After granulation, the specific surface area of ​​the microparticles decreased to 2.4 m². 2 / g, the diameter increases 83 times, and the specific surface area decreases inversely; Each microparticle contains approximately 579,000 spores, and its volume is 6.545 × 10⁻⁶. m 3 ÷ Spore volume 1.131 × m 3 ; Step 2, Fluidized Bed Coating: I. The microparticles are placed in a fluidized bed, with the inlet air temperature controlled at 42℃, the fluidization height at 45cm, and the atomizer orifice diameter at 1.0mm; II. The coating solution prepared by spraying contains a compound antioxidant. It is sprayed in three stages: 20%→30%→50%, with an interval of 18 minutes, and the stirring speed is 35 r / min. III. Synergistic effect of specific surface area: The specific surface area is reduced to 2.4m² after granulation. 2 / g, which increases the coating solution coverage by 5 times and controls the total coating weight gain at 22%; Step 3: Coating Curing and Gradient Drying Ⅰ. Maintain fluidized bed temperature at 43℃ and 25r / min for 45min to promote cross-linking of gelatin-sodium alginate-functional peptides and directional anchoring of peptides with molecular weight less than 5000Da. II. Gradient vacuum drying: 20 kPa / 0.5 h → 10 kPa / 1 h → 5 kPa / 0.5 h, temperature 42℃, final moisture content 5.0%; Step 4: Online Quality Monitoring NIRS real-time detection: 1680nm absorbance coefficient of variation 3.8%, verifying the coating uniformity of low specific surface area microparticles; polysaccharide characteristic peak attenuation 4.5%; moisture feedback system linked to drying parameters to ensure batch stability.

[0054] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0055] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology, characterized by: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Raw material pretreatment. Select broken Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, place it in a vacuum treatment chamber, evacuate to an absolute pressure of less than 5 Pa and maintain for 10-30 min, then sterilize it with a cobalt-60 irradiation source with an irradiation dose of 10-15 kGy and a treatment time of 2-4 h. Step 2: Preparation of coating solution. Mix edible gelatin, sodium alginate and functional peptides in a certain proportion, add purified water to dissolve and form a coating solution. Step 3: Fluidized bed coating. Place the pretreated spore powder in a fluidized bed, control the inlet air temperature at 40-50℃ and the atomization pressure at 0.15-0.3MPa. Spray the coating solution in 3-5 times using an intermittent spraying method, with an interval of 10-20 minutes between each spray and stirring at 30-50 r / min. The total coating weight gain rate is 15%-30%. Step 4: Vacuum drying. The coated material is transferred to a vacuum drying oven and dried for 2-3 hours at an absolute pressure of less than 10 kPa and a temperature of 40-45℃, controlling the final moisture content to be less than 6.0%. Step 5: Capsule filling. Fill the dried, coated spore powder into No. 1 capsules, with a specification of 0.25g / capsule; In step two, the coating solution is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts edible gelatin, 20-30 parts sodium alginate, 5-10 parts functional peptides, and 100-150 parts purified water.

2. The Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The broken-cell wall Ganoderma lucidum spore powder in step one must meet the following quality indicators: The crude polysaccharide content is greater than 0.50 g / 100 g, the moisture content is less than 8.0%, the ash content is less than 4.0%, the total bacterial count is less than 500 CFU / g, the coliform count is less than 0.3 MPN / g, and Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus, and β-hemolytic streptococci must not be detected.

3. The Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the coating solution includes: Add edible gelatin and sodium alginate to purified water and stir at 200-400 r / min for 20-30 min in a water bath at 45-55℃. Add the functional peptides and continue stirring for 10-15 minutes.

4. The Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The functional peptide is a complex of marine collagen peptide and whey protein peptide, with a mass ratio of 2:1 to 3:1, a molecular weight of less than 5000 Da, and a proportion of hydrophilic amino acids greater than 40% in the complex peptide.

5. The Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: Between steps three and four, there is also a coating and curing process: After the fluidized bed coating is completed, maintain the inlet air temperature at 40-45℃, turn off the atomization system, and continue fluidizing and stirring at a speed of 20-30 r / min for 30-50 min to allow the coating layer to fully cross-link and solidify.

6. The Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific parameters for fluidized bed coating in step three are as follows: Inlet air temperature 40-44℃, material fluidization height 30-50cm, atomizer orifice diameter 0.8-1.2mm; The spraying procedure is as follows: first spray 20% of the total amount of coating liquid, with an interval of 15 minutes; second spray 30%, with an interval of 20 minutes; and third spray 50%.

7. The Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coating solution also contains 2-5 parts of an antioxidant, which is a compound of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and rosemary extract in a mass ratio of 1:1 to 1:2, wherein the purity of EGCG is greater than 95% and the content of sarsaparilla acid in the rosemary extract is greater than 15%.

8. The Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum drying process employs a gradient pressure reduction method. Phase 1: The absolute pressure is reduced from atmospheric pressure to 20 kPa and maintained for 0.5 hours; Second stage: Pressure is reduced to 10 kPa and maintained for 1 hour; Third stage: The pressure is reduced to 5 kPa and maintained for 0.5-1 hour.

9. The Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capsule filling process includes an online quality monitoring system that uses a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) instrument to detect the following indicators in real time: Coating integrity: The coefficient of variation of absorbance at 1680 nm is less than 5%; Retention rate of active ingredients: The intensity of polysaccharide characteristic peaks decreased by less than 8%; Moisture content: Drying parameters are adjusted in real time based on feedback.

10. The Ganoderma lucidum spore coating technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: The antioxidant is introduced in two gradient phases: Add 40% of the total amount initially, simultaneously after adding the functional peptides, and stir in a water bath at 45-55℃ for 10-15 minutes. The remaining 60% is added during the heating stage to 60-70℃ for high-speed dispersion.

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