Lateral ventricle drainage apparatus capable of automatically adjusting pressure and use method thereof
By designing a lateral ventricle drainage device that combines a pulley mechanism and an expansion bladder, the outflow rate is automatically adjusted, solving the problem of frequent manual adjustment of the outflow rate of the ventricle drainage tube, thus stabilizing intracranial pressure and improving nursing efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510967535.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-28
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the fluid outflow rate of the ventricular drainage tube needs to be frequently adjusted manually, and automatic fine-tuning is difficult to achieve, resulting in large fluctuations in intracranial pressure.
A lateral ventricular drainage device with automatic pressure adjustment is designed. By utilizing the cooperation of a pulley mechanism and an expansion bladder, the drainage speed is automatically adjusted through the elastic torque and friction of the drainage tube. The combination of a pulley mechanism, an elastic expansion bladder and a counterweight wheel can achieve automatic fine-tuning of the drainage speed.
Automatic adjustment of drainage speed is achieved, the frequency of manual adjustment is reduced, intracranial pressure is stabilized, and nursing efficiency is improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN120837749A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of lateral ventricle drainage, specifically to a pressure-adjustable lateral ventricle drain and its method of use. Background Art
[0002] Ventricular paracentesis is an emergency procedure performed by drilling a hole or cone-shaped opening in the frontal region of the skull and placing a ventricular drainage tube in the frontal horn of the ventricle. This allows cerebrospinal fluid or blood to drain through the tube, relieving increased intracranial pressure. The frontal or occipital horn of the cerebral hemisphere is commonly chosen for puncture. It is frequently used for the diagnosis and treatment of neurosurgical diseases and for monitoring intracranial pressure. Continuous ventricular drainage can effectively relieve intracranial hypertension and improve the patient's condition.
[0003] For patients with severe conditions, they are often transferred to the ICU for intensive monitoring after surgery. The observation and nursing care of ventricular drainage tube drainage is primarily carried out by ICU medical staff. Neurosurgeons often require maintaining a daily ventricular drainage volume within a certain range, such as 150-200 ml / day. For critically ill patients, even hourly monitoring is necessary. If the drainage fluid is bloody, it can easily cause tube blockage, or if intracranial pressure is very high. Large fluctuations in ventricular drainage volume can easily lead to large fluctuations in intracranial pressure. Close monitoring is required to ensure a ventricular drainage volume of 6-8 ml / hour, avoiding both excessive and insufficient flow. During normal use, the hospital has a special height-adjustable frame, a frame-shaped support with a slider in the middle and graduations on both sides. The height of the tube can be adjusted by sliding it up and down. The drainage bottle connected to the tube is suspended on the bed, usually placed 10cm above the external auditory canal. The volume per hour is estimated by the drip rate in the tube, and the initial height is adjusted accordingly. At the same time, the volume per hour is also determined by the scale in the tube. However, in actual use, because the amount of cerebral effusion is variable, the amount of fluid discharged varies over time, and the volume per hour may be different, requiring adjustments. Therefore, it is very important to achieve automatic fine-tuning of the drainage rate to avoid it being too fast or too slow. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pressure-adjustable lateral ventricle drain and its method of use, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a pressure-adjustable lateral ventricle drain, comprising a drain tube that can be mounted on a height-adjustable frame slider. The height-adjustable frame is existing and is equipped in hospitals. It consists of a frame-shaped support with a slider in the middle and scale lines on both sides. The slider can slide up and down to adjust the height. The device also includes a pulley mechanism mounted on the slider that generates elastic torque when rotated. The pulley mechanism has elastic torque, and the drain tube, after passing over the pulley mechanism from the top, is divided into a right section and a left section. The right section is provided with an elastic expansion joint. The bladder has an expansion bladder, and a transparent dropper is installed on the left section to observe the drip rate and communicate with the outside air. The dropper can be similar in shape to a Mofe's dropper. The upper end of the dropper is connected to the outside air, and at this position, the air pressure is the same as the outside air pressure, which is equivalent to the liquid outlet. There is a relative position and height difference between the dropper and the head. The pulley mechanism has a clockwise torque to balance the weight of the expansion bladder. The end of the left section is connected to a drainage bag. When the drainage volume increases, the expansion bladder expands to drive the pulley mechanism to rotate clockwise, and the dropper rises to raise the position of the liquid outlet to reduce the drainage flow rate, thereby achieving flow rate adjustment.
[0006] Preferably, the pulley mechanism includes a pulley for the drainage tube to pass over and a bracket for the pulley to be rotatably mounted. The bracket can be mounted on the slider. The pulley is rotatably connected to the bracket via a lower rotating shaft on the rear side. The lower rotating shaft and the bracket are connected by a torsion spring. In the initial state, the torsion spring rotates clockwise to store force, and then the drainage tube is installed. In order to increase friction, an anti-slip rubber layer can be provided on the inner side of the pulley. Of course, the cross-section is arc-shaped, which fits the block higher and has greater friction.
[0007] Preferably, the counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight wheel mounted on the bracket, and the counterweight wheel abuts against the drainage tube on the pulley from above to generate compression and increase friction. The counterweight wheel can be made of metal to generate compression and prevent the drainage tube from slipping. Of course, the drainage tube can also be wound clockwise once more, so that the pulley will be wound tightly and the friction will increase. The rear end of the counterweight wheel is rotatably connected to the bracket through an upper rotating shaft, and the rear end of the bracket is provided with a vertical guide groove for the upper rotating shaft to slide up and down and rotate. The guide groove allows the counterweight wheel to slide downward and press.
[0008] Preferably, a circular counterweight is rotatably connected to the rear end of the counterweight wheel. The counterweight improves the weight distribution, ensuring balanced weight distribution and preventing the upper rotating shaft from easily getting stuck during movement.
[0009] Preferably, the upper end of the dropper has an air inlet pipe that connects to the outside. The air inlet pipe enables communication with the outside environment. At this position, the air pressure is the same as the outside air pressure, which is equivalent to the liquid outlet. There is a relative position and height difference between the dropper and the head.
[0010] Preferably, the inner end of the air inlet pipe extends into the dropper to prevent backflow, so that it will not spill when it is touched and tilted.
[0011] Preferably, a graduated tube is provided between the dropper and the drainage bag to determine the drainage volume per unit time. The graduated tube is connected to the external air pressure so that the gas can be discharged after the liquid enters. A valve is provided between the graduated tube and the drainage bag. When the valve is closed, the overall height is determined by the amount of liquid stored in the graduated tube, and the overall height is adjusted by the slider.
[0012] Preferably, the bracket is frame-shaped, and the rear end of the bracket is provided with a groove that fits onto the front protrusion of the slider. The two are interference-fitted to achieve clamping and fixation, which is convenient.
[0013] Preferably, the right segment rotates counterclockwise upwards around the counterweight wheel, then passes between the pulley and the counterweight wheel to the right and downwards. This utilizes the weight of the drainage tube to increase the squeezing force of the counterweight wheel. After winding, the weight of the expansion bladder and the drainage tube can drive the counterweight wheel to squeeze the drainage tube, increasing friction. The more liquid inside the expansion bladder, the greater the downward pulling force, and the greater the pressure of the counterweight wheel on the drainage tube, resulting in better friction. Conversely, less liquid inside the expansion bladder reduces the pulling force on the counterweight wheel, and the required friction force for the drainage tube also decreases. The two proportions change accordingly.
[0014] Its usage method includes the following steps:
[0015] Installation: Install the bracket on the slider, then install the drainage tube between the pulley and the counterweight wheel, connect the other end of the drainage tube to the patient, fix the bottom graduated tube vertically, and keep the drainage tube between the graduated tube and the dropper in a relaxed state;
[0016] Initial adjustment: Move the slider up and down to determine the approximate height based on the drip rate in the dropper. You can also use common sense from medical staff to determine the approximate height.
[0017] Fine-tuning: After one hour, based on the liquid volume in the graduated tube, compare it with the required target standard, such as 6-8 ml / h (i.e. 150-200 ml / 24h), and make a secondary adjustment of the height using the slider. The expansion bladder changes gravity by expanding, which drives the pulley to rotate, changing the liquid dispensing height of the dropper, thereby changing the dispensing speed and achieving automatic adjustment.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0019] 1. After the initial height adjustment, the dropper is higher than the head. When the drainage speed increases, the expansion bladder will expand, the amount of liquid will increase, and the weight will increase. The drainage tube will drive the pulley to rotate clockwise, the torsion spring force will increase, and the dropper will rise. This increases the height of the outlet position, the height difference with the head will increase, and the drainage speed will decrease. When the drainage speed decreases, the amount of liquid in the expansion bladder will decrease. Under the action of the torsion spring, it will rotate counterclockwise, the dropper will descend, the height difference with the head will decrease, and the drainage speed will increase, thereby achieving speed increase and automatic adjustment.
[0020] 2. After the drainage tube is wrapped around the counterweight wheel, the fluid in the expansion bladder increases, which increases the pulling force on the counterweight wheel, increases the friction, and improves the anti-slip effect. Both of these factors increase accordingly. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 This is a magnified left view of the bracket of the present invention;
[0023] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the present invention and the height adjustment frame;
[0025] Figure 5 This is a front view of the second embodiment of the present invention.
[0026] In the diagram: 1. Drainage tube; 2. Expansion bladder; 3. Dropper; 4. Drainage bag; 5. Pulley; 6. Support; 7. Torsion spring; 8. Counterweight wheel; 9. Guide groove; 10. Counterweight block; 11. Air inlet pipe; 12. Scale tube; 13. Valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0028] Example 1
[0029] Please see Figures 1 to 4This invention provides a pressure-adjustable lateral ventricle drain and its usage method: The pressure-adjustable lateral ventricle drain includes a drainage tube 1 that can be mounted on a height-adjustable frame slider. The height-adjustable frame is existing and commonly found in hospitals. It consists of a frame-shaped support with a slider in the middle and scale lines on both sides. The slider can slide up and down to adjust the height. The drain also includes a pulley mechanism mounted on the slider that generates elastic torque when rotated. The pulley mechanism has elastic torque, and the drainage tube 1, after passing over the pulley mechanism from above, is divided into a right section and a left section. The right section has an elastic expansion bladder 2, and the left section has a transparent dropper 3 that communicates with the outside air for observing the drip rate. The structure of dropper 3 can resemble that of a Mofe's dropper. The upper end of dropper 3 connects to the outside, maintaining the same air pressure as the outside air, essentially acting as the outlet. There is a relative position and height difference between dropper 3 and the head of the dropper. A pulley mechanism provides clockwise torque to balance the weight of the expansion bladder 2. The left end is connected to a drainage bag 4. When the drainage volume increases, the expansion bladder 2 expands, causing the pulley mechanism to rotate clockwise. This causes dropper 3 to rise, raising the outlet position and reducing the drainage velocity, thus adjusting the flow rate. The upper end of dropper 3 has an air inlet pipe 11 connecting to the outside air, maintaining the same air pressure as the outside air, essentially acting as the outlet, with a relative position and height difference between the air inlet pipe 11 and the head of the dropper. The inner end of the air inlet pipe 11 extends into the dropper 3 as an anti-backflow extension, preventing spillage when the dropper is tilted due to contact.
[0030] The pulley mechanism includes a pulley 5 around which the drainage tube 1 passes and a bracket 6 for the pulley 5 to be rotatably mounted. The bracket 6 can be mounted on the slider. The bracket 6 is frame-shaped, and the rear end of the bracket 6 is provided with a groove that fits onto the protrusion at the front end of the slider. The two are interference-fitted to achieve clamping and fixation, which is convenient. The pulley 5 is rotatably connected to the bracket 6 through the lower rotating shaft on the rear side, and the lower rotating shaft and the bracket 6 are connected by a torsion spring 7. In the initial state, the torsion spring 7 rotates clockwise to store force, and then the drainage tube is installed. The torsion of the torsion spring 7 balances the weight of the expansion bladder 2. In order to increase the friction, an anti-slip rubber layer can be provided on the inner side of the pulley. Of course, the cross section is arc-shaped, and the fit is higher, resulting in greater friction. The counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight wheel 8 mounted on the bracket 6. The counterweight wheel 8 presses against the drainage tube on the pulley 5 from above to generate pressure and increase friction. The counterweight wheel 8 can be made of metal to generate pressure and prevent the drainage tube from slipping. Alternatively, the drainage tube can be wound clockwise once more, which will tighten the pulley 5 and increase friction. The rear end of the counterweight wheel 8 is rotatably connected to the bracket 6 via an upper rotating shaft. The rear end of the bracket 6 has a vertical guide groove 9 for the upper rotating shaft to slide up and down and rotate. The guide groove 9 allows the counterweight wheel 8 to slide downwards and press firmly. A circular counterweight block 10 is rotatably connected to the rear end of the counterweight wheel 8. The counterweight block 10 improves the counterweight effect, ensuring balanced weight distribution and preventing the upper rotating shaft from getting stuck during movement.
[0031] A graduated tube 12 is provided between the dropper 3 and the drainage bag 4 to determine the drainage volume per unit time. The graduated tube 12 is connected to the external air pressure, so that the gas can be discharged after the liquid enters. A valve 13 is provided between the graduated tube 12 and the drainage bag 4. When the valve 13 is closed, the overall height is determined by the amount of liquid stored in the graduated tube 12, and the overall height is adjusted by the slider.
[0032] Example 2
[0033] like Figure 5 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, as a preferred method, the right section rotates counterclockwise upwards around the counterweight wheel 8, then passes between the pulley 5 and the counterweight wheel 8 to the right and downwards. This utilizes the gravity of the drainage tube 1 to increase the squeezing force of the counterweight wheel 8. After winding, the weight of the expansion bladder 2 and the drainage tube 1 can drive the counterweight wheel 8 to squeeze the drainage tube 1, increasing friction. The more liquid inside the expansion bladder 2, the greater the downward pulling force, and the greater the pressure of the counterweight wheel 8 on the drainage tube 1, resulting in better friction. When the liquid inside the expansion bladder 2 decreases, the pulling force on the counterweight wheel 8 also decreases, and the friction required by the drainage tube 1 also decreases relatively. The two change proportionally.
[0034] Its usage method includes the following steps:
[0035] Installation: Install the bracket 6 on the slider, then install the drainage tube 1 between the pulley 5 and the counterweight wheel 8, connect the other end of the drainage tube 1 to the patient, fix the bottom scale tube 12 vertically, and the drainage tube 1 between the scale tube 12 and the dropper 3 is in a relaxed state.
[0036] Initial adjustment: Move the slider up and down to determine the approximate height based on the drip rate in dropper 3. You can also use common sense from medical staff to determine the approximate height.
[0037] Fine-tuning: After one hour, based on the liquid volume in the graduated tube 12, compare it with the required target standard, such as 6-8 ml / h (i.e. 150-200 ml / 24h), and make a secondary adjustment of the height by using the slider. The expansion bladder 2 changes gravity by expanding, which drives the pulley 5 to rotate, changing the liquid discharge height of the dropper 3, thereby changing the liquid discharge speed and achieving automatic adjustment.
[0038] Working principle: After the initial height adjustment, the dropper 3 is higher than the head. When the drainage speed increases, the expansion bladder 2 expands, the liquid increases, and the weight increases. The drainage tube 1 drives the pulley 5 to rotate clockwise, the spring force of the torsion spring 7 increases, and the dropper 3 rises. In this way, the height of the liquid outlet increases, the height difference with the head increases, and the liquid flow speed decreases. When the drainage speed decreases, the amount of liquid in the expansion bladder 2 decreases. Under the action of the torsion spring 7, it rotates counterclockwise, the dropper 3 descends, the height difference with the head decreases, and the drainage speed increases, thereby achieving speed increase and automatic adjustment.
[0039] After the drainage tube 1 is wrapped around the counterweight wheel 8, the amount of fluid in the expansion bladder 2 increases, which increases the pulling force on the counterweight wheel 8, increases the friction, and improves the anti-slip effect. Both of these effects increase accordingly.
[0040] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A pressure-adjustable lateral ventricle drain, comprising a drain tube (1) mountable on a height-adjustable frame slider, characterized in that: It also includes a pulley mechanism that generates elastic torque when the slider is rotated, and the drainage tube (1) is divided into a right section and a left section after passing around the pulley mechanism from the top. The right section is provided with an elastic expansion bladder (2), and the left section is provided with a transparent dropper (3) that is connected to the outside air to observe the drip rate. The end of the left section is connected to a drainage bag (4). When the drainage volume increases, the expansion bladder (2) expands to drive the pulley mechanism to rotate clockwise, and the dropper (3) rises to raise the position of the liquid outlet to reduce the drainage flow rate.
2. The lateral ventricle drainage device with automatic pressure adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulley mechanism includes a pulley (5) around which the drainage tube (1) passes and a bracket (6) for the pulley (5) to be rotatably mounted. The bracket (6) can be mounted on the slider. The pulley (5) is rotatably connected to the bracket (6) through a lower rotating shaft on the rear side, and the lower rotating shaft and the bracket (6) are connected by a torsion spring (7).
3. The lateral ventricle drainage device with automatic pressure adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The counterweight mechanism includes a counterweight wheel (8) mounted on a bracket (6), and the counterweight wheel (8) abuts against the drain pipe on the pulley (5) from above to generate compression and increase friction. The rear end of the counterweight wheel (8) is rotatably connected to the bracket (6) through an upper rotating shaft, and the rear end of the bracket (6) is provided with a vertical guide groove (9) for the upper rotating shaft to slide up and down and rotate.
4. The lateral ventricle drainage device with automatic pressure adjustment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rear end of the counterweight wheel (8) is rotatably connected to a circular counterweight block (10).
5. The lateral ventricle drainage device with automatic pressure adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dropper (3) has an air inlet pipe (11) at the upper end that communicates with the outside.
6. The lateral ventricle drainage device with automatic pressure adjustment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner end of the air inlet pipe (11) extends into the drip tube (3) to prevent backflow.
7. The lateral ventricle drainage device with automatic pressure adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A graduated tube (12) for determining the drainage volume per unit time is provided between the dropper (3) and the drainage bag (4), and a valve (13) is provided between the graduated tube (12) and the drainage bag (4).
8. The lateral ventricle drainage device with automatic pressure adjustment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bracket (6) is frame-shaped, and the rear end of the bracket (6) is provided with a groove that fits onto the front end protrusion of the slider. The two are interference-fitted to achieve clamping and fixing.
9. The lateral ventricle drainage device with automatic pressure adjustment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The right section goes counterclockwise upwards around the counterweight wheel (8), then passes between the pulley (5) and the counterweight wheel (8) to the right and downwards, so as to increase the squeezing force of the counterweight wheel (8) by utilizing the gravity of the drainage pipe (1).
10. A method of using the automatically adjusting lateral ventricle drain according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The following steps are involved: Installation: Install the bracket (6) on the slider, then install the drainage tube (1) between the pulley (5) and the counterweight (8), connect the other end of the drainage tube (1) to the patient, fix the bottom scale tube (12) vertically, and the drainage tube (1) between the scale tube (12) and the dropper (3) is in a relaxed state; Initial adjustments; By moving the slider up and down, the approximate height can be determined based on the dripping speed in the dropper (3); Fine-tuning: After one hour, based on the amount of liquid in the graduated tube (12), compare it with the required target standard, and make a second adjustment of the height by using the slider. The expansion bladder (2) changes gravity by expanding, drives the pulley (5) to rotate, changes the liquid discharge height of the dropper (3), thereby changing the liquid discharge speed and realizing automatic adjustment.