Building integrated photovoltaic installation system

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic building integrated installation system, which is characterized in that a waterproof support assembly and a transverse guide rail are arranged, and a plurality of photovoltaic units are fixed on the transverse guide rail in a sliding manner; the walking plates are fixed between the photovoltaic units, so that people can walk to maintain the photovoltaic units; the photovoltaic panel is locked and positioned on the supporting plate through an elastic bottom support, a side baffle and a pressing locker on the photovoltaic unit; transverse positioning assemblies are arranged between the adjacent brackets, and transverse moving pushing of the whole photovoltaic unit can be achieved through manual driving. The photovoltaic unit and the roof can be maintained and cleaned by personnel, and permanent damage caused by the fact that a building cannot be repaired is avoided; the photovoltaic panel arranged inside can be flexibly maintained or replaced, and the operation is simple and convenient; the waterproof and drainage design is achieved, rainwater invasion is reduced as much as possible, and due to the fact that the moisture removal performance of the roof provided with the photovoltaic panel is poor, the roof corrosion progress can be reduced through the design, and the house water leakage risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic panel installation technology, and more particularly to a building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) installation system. Background Technology

[0002] When installing photovoltaic panels, the existing installation components are basically uniform in format. They all use support frames to support the fasteners, and then use pressure plates to fix the edges of the photovoltaic panels. After fixing, multiple photovoltaic panels are laid horizontally to achieve light collection and power generation.

[0003] In the above operations, the existing flat-laying arrangement structure can achieve the maximum paving density per unit area, with fast laying speed and high construction efficiency. However, it also has technical drawbacks, mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. Photovoltaic panels are usually installed using a continuous laying and pressing method. However, this fixing method leaves no cleaning gaps after the photovoltaic panels are fixed, making internal cleaning impossible. Since birds and rodents can easily build nests on the roof after the photovoltaic panels are assembled, if not cleaned in time, it will cause permanent damage to the building; 2. This type of flat-laying photovoltaic panel design is difficult to maintain. If one of the photovoltaic panels is damaged due to external force, and that panel is located at the innermost part, its repair or replacement is quite cumbersome; 3. Existing photovoltaic panels are mostly fixed by vertical locking. After locking, there are often gaps at the top joint. These gaps are the points where rainwater intrudes. Since the roof where the photovoltaic panels are installed has poor moisture drainage, this design will increase the rate of roof corrosion and increase the risk of house leaks.

[0004] In view of the above technical drawbacks, and given the current standardized installation of photovoltaic panels, it is essential to design a photovoltaic panel installation component. The purpose of this component is to improve the sealing and waterproofing of the roof, facilitate the assembly of photovoltaic panels, and make it easy to maintain or replace photovoltaic panels in any area of ​​the roof, thus avoiding problems such as water leakage and seepage caused by the installation of photovoltaic panels. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the present invention discloses a photovoltaic building integrated installation system, which sets up several waterproof support components to fix the waterproof support components directly to the rafters or purlins inside the house, thereby improving the waterproofness of the roof and preventing water seepage. In addition, the photovoltaic panels are modularly designed on the outside, and a walking area is set between several modules. When the walking area is removed, the photovoltaic panel modules can be moved, which can flexibly realize the repair and maintenance of the roof and each photovoltaic panel.

[0006] The above-described photovoltaic building integrated installation system has the following structure: It includes a waterproof support assembly and a transverse guide rail, on which several photovoltaic units are fixed; a traveling plate is fixed between the photovoltaic units; The photovoltaic unit has several guide wheel groups at its bottom, which together support multiple brackets. Each bracket consists of a support plate and connecting ribs. The support plate has an elastic base and side baffles. A top beam is located at the top of the support plate, and a press-lock device is installed between the top beam and the photovoltaic panel. The press-lock device includes two locking bases with through holes. A locking rod passes through the through holes and is a stepped shaft with a locking section at its end. The thinner section of the locking rod passes through the through holes and connects to an external positioning nut. A pulling part is also provided on the locking rod. A locking spring is installed between the locking section and the locking base. Corresponding to the locking section, a positioning rod is installed on the photovoltaic panel. The positioning rod has a guide end and a positioning part, which cooperates with the locking section to achieve locking and positioning.

[0007] A lateral positioning assembly is provided between adjacent brackets. This assembly includes a positioning post and a swing clamp. The swing clamp is hinged to a support rod, and its side is V-shaped. The top of the swing clamp is a support section that overlaps the support rod. A pull rope is fixed to the support rod, positioned between the support section and the support rod. A guide hole is provided on the upper part of the support rod to cooperate with the pull rope. The pull rope passes through the guide hole and connects to a pull ring. The support rod is fixed to a positioning plate. The area between the positioning plate and the swing clamp is the positioning post locking area. When the pull rope is loose, the swing clamp naturally hangs down, locking the positioning post between the positioning plate and the swing clamp. When the pull rope is taut, the swing clamp swings upward, allowing the positioning post to move within and outside the positioning post locking area. This structure is simple, has a low failure rate, and will not malfunction after many years of use, ensuring stable locking and unlocking performance between photovoltaic units.

[0008] The guide wheel assembly includes a top plate and a guide wheel vertical support plate. A guide wheel fixing rod is provided on the guide wheel vertical support plate, and a guide wheel is fixed on the guide wheel fixing rod. The guide wheel matches the transverse track and is used for transverse support and transverse guidance.

[0009] The waterproof support assembly includes a bottom support plate, a bottom vertical plate, a multi-directional bending plate, and a fixing hoop at the top of the multi-directional bending plate to fix the horizontal guide rail. A tile storage area is provided between the multi-directional bending plate and the fixing hoop. A tile support plate is also provided at the bottom of the multi-directional bending plate and is attached to the top surface of the tile.

[0010] The bottom of the tile support plate matches the shape of the tile, allowing for seamless attachment. An elastic waterproof layer is attached to the tile support plate to seal and prevent water leakage between the upper and lower tiles during assembly.

[0011] The pallet is constructed from a profile with a side groove. A side baffle is installed within the side groove. The side baffle includes a bottom guide plate connected to an external vertical plate. A pressure plate is located at the top of the vertical plate, and a locking screw is threaded through the pressure plate. A pressure block is located at the bottom of the locking screw. Dual compression of the side and top surfaces can be achieved through vertical suspension and tightening.

[0012] The elastic base includes a baffle, a guide plate connected to the bottom of the baffle, a guide groove on the top surface of the support plate, an end plate on the end surface of the support plate, the end plate and the support plate being fixed together, a spring positioning part on the inner side of the end plate, and a spring between the spring positioning part and the guide plate; this design allows for vertical adjustment when the top photovoltaic panel is inserted and positioned, facilitating assembly.

[0013] T-shaped sealing strips are fixed between adjacent photovoltaic units and between the walking plate and the photovoltaic units to achieve top surface sealing.

[0014] The bottom of the photovoltaic unit is supported by a waterproof support assembly to provide a drainage channel. An outer edge baffle is fixed on the top or side of the drainage channel to withstand the impact of liquid on the photovoltaic unit and to guide and drain rainwater.

[0015] The bottom of the walking platform is equipped with a support member, which connects to a waterproof support assembly to secure the walking platform. The purpose of the support member is to reduce the design height of the waterproof support assembly, ensuring that the waterproof support assembly will not interfere with the lateral movement of the photovoltaic units after the walking platform is removed.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: By setting up waterproof support components and transverse guide rails, several photovoltaic units are slidably fixed on the transverse guide rails; walking plates are fixed between the photovoltaic units to allow personnel to walk and maintain the photovoltaic units; the photovoltaic units are locked and positioned on the support plate by elastic base supports, side baffles, and press-locking devices; transverse positioning components are set between adjacent brackets, and the entire photovoltaic unit can be moved laterally by manual drive.

[0017] Through the above structural design, this invention enables personnel to maintain, care for, and clean the photovoltaic units and the roof, preventing permanent damage to the building due to irreparable damage; it allows for flexible repair or replacement of the internal photovoltaic panels, and the operation is simple; it achieves waterproof and drainage design, minimizing rainwater intrusion. Because the roof where the photovoltaic panels are installed has poor moisture drainage, this design reduces the rate of roof corrosion and reduces the risk of house leaks. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the internal split structure of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of region A in the middle; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the bottom of the internal split structure of this invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of region B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the waterproof support component; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic unit's split structure; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of region C in the middle; Figure 9 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the press-lock mechanism. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the waterproof support assembly; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lateral positioning component; Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the locking structure of the lateral positioning component; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the detachment structure of the lateral positioning component; As shown in the attached diagram: 1. Waterproof support assembly; 11. Bottom support plate; 111. Bottom vertical plate; 12. Multi-directional bending plate; 121. Bottom vertical section; 122. Horizontal section; 123. Upper vertical section; 124. Top fixing section; 125. Tile storage area; 13. Tile support plate; 14. Fixing hoop. 2. Horizontal guide rail; 20. Guide wheel assembly; 21. Top plate; 22. Vertical support plate for guide wheel; 23. Guide wheel fixing rod; 24. Guide wheel; 3. Bracket; 31. Support plate; 311. Central through groove; 312. Side through groove; 32. Connecting rib; 33. Top crossbeam; 34. Positioning hole; 35. Side baffle; 351. Guide plate; 352. Vertical plate; 353. Pressure plate; 354. Pressure block; 36. Baffle; 361. Guide plate; 37. End plate; 371. Spring positioning post; 38. Guide groove; 39. Spring. 4. Photovoltaic unit; 40. Photovoltaic panel; 41. Frame; 42. Light-receiving area; 43. T-shaped sealing strip; 5. Walking plate; 51. Supporting components; 6. Lateral positioning assembly; 61. Positioning post fixing plate; 610. Top plate I; 62. Positioning plate; 621. Top plate II; 63. Positioning post; 64. Support rod; 65. Swinging fastener; 651. Support section; 66. Locking screw; 67. Pull rope; 68. Pull ring. 7. Press-locking device; 71. Positioning rod; 711. Vertical rod body; 712. Positioning groove; 713. Tapered guide end; 72. Locking base I; 73. Locking base II; 74. Locking rod; 741. Locking section; 742. Fine diameter threaded section; 75. Locking spring; 76. Locking rod pull ring; 77. External positioning nut. 8. Drainage trough; 81. Trough body; 82. Outer side; 83. Water baffle fixing hole; 9. Outer edge water baffle; 91. Bottom fixed edge; 92. Vertical bending plate; 93. Top splash guard; 10. Purlin; 101. Rafter; 102. Tile; 103. Elastic waterproof membrane. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below through embodiments. The following description is merely an exemplary explanation. Those skilled in the art can make further structural improvements based on the following explanation. The scope of protection of this photovoltaic building integrated installation system is determined by the scope described in the claims.

[0021] Example 1: An installation system for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), the specific structure of which is as follows: As shown in the attached figure, it includes a waterproof support component 1 and a transverse guide rail 2, on which several photovoltaic units 4 are fixed; a walking plate 5 is fixed between the photovoltaic units 4, and the waterproof support component 1 is used to support and fix the transverse guide rail 2 and the walking plate 5 respectively.

[0022] like Figure 2 , 4As shown in Figures 5, 6, and 11, the waterproof support assembly 1 includes a bottom support plate 11, on which a bottom vertical plate 111 is provided. A multi-directional bending plate 12 is provided on the bottom vertical plate 111. A fixing hoop 14 is provided at the top of the multi-directional bending plate 12, and the horizontal guide rail 2 is fixed through the threaded hole on the side of the fixing hoop 14. The multi-directional bending plate 12 is composed of a plate that has been bent multiple times. It includes a bottom vertical section 121, a horizontal section 122, an upper vertical section 123, and a top fixing section 124. The bottom vertical section 121 is locked to the bottom vertical plate 111 and can be vertically adjusted. The area between the horizontal section 122 and the top fixing section 124 below the fixing hoop 14 is a tile storage area 125. A tile support plate 13 is also provided at the bottom of the multi-directional bending plate 12. The tile support plate 13 is attached to the top surface of the tile 102. The purpose of the multi-directional bending plate 12 is to avoid the tiles 102. During installation, the bottom support plate 11 is fixed to the rafters 101 inside the roof, and the rafters 101 are fixed to the purlins 10. The higher layer of tiles 102 is stacked and fixed in the tile storage area 125. The bottom of the tile support plate 13 matches the shape of the tiles 102, and it is used to seamlessly attach to the tiles 102. An elastic waterproof membrane 103 is also attached to the tile support plate 13 as an elastic waterproof layer. The tiles 102 overlap the lower part of the tile support plate 13, and the tile support plate 13 and the elastic waterproof membrane 103 are adhered to achieve sealing compression and waterproofing. The aforementioned elastic waterproof membrane 103 is not laid flat; it is only attached to the fixed area of ​​the waterproof support component 1.

[0023] The above structure allows the support points of the transverse guide rail 2 and the traveling plate 5 to be set inside the tile 102, and the support connection points can be moved outward through the cooperation of the bottom support plate 11 and the multi-directional bending plate 12, while achieving good waterproof sealing during the outward movement. After the tiles 102 are laid, the tiles 102 of the entire roof are laid flat as the load-bearing base of the waterproof support component 1, ensuring the stability of the load-bearing system composed of multiple waterproof support components 1.

[0024] In this embodiment, four photovoltaic units 4 form a photovoltaic module, and each photovoltaic module has a walking plate 5 on both the left and right sides. With this structural design, external personnel can move on the walking plate 5 to clean the top surface of the photovoltaic unit 4 over a longer distance.

[0025] The key design feature of this invention is that it enables the overall disassembly of the photovoltaic module, and each independent photovoltaic unit 4 can be moved laterally on its own. This lateral movement allows for the maintenance of the photovoltaic panels in a particular photovoltaic unit 4 or the maintenance of a specific area of ​​the roof.

[0026] To achieve the above functions, this invention innovates the following structure: each photovoltaic unit 4 has several guide wheel assemblies at its bottom, such as... Figure 9As shown in this embodiment, each independent photovoltaic unit 4 is provided with a bracket 3 at its bottom. The bracket 3 consists of two support plates 31 and two spaced-apart connecting ribs 32. Each support plate 31 is provided with two guide wheel groups 20 at its bottom, and each bracket 3 is supported by four guide wheel groups 20. The guide wheel group 20 includes a top plate 21 and a guide wheel vertical support plate 22, and the top plate 21 and the guide wheel vertical support plate 22 are set by a non-right-angle bend. The guide wheel vertical support plate 22 is provided with a guide wheel fixing rod 23, and guide wheels 24 are fixed at both ends of the guide wheel fixing rod 23. The guide wheels 24 are matched with the transverse track 2 for transverse support and transverse guidance. By applying external force, the photovoltaic unit 4 can be pushed to move laterally under the guidance of the transverse track 2. This transverse movement can create a working gap between every two adjacent independent photovoltaic units 4 for maintenance of the photovoltaic panel 40 or the roof. It should be noted that before moving a single photovoltaic unit 4 independently, the walking plate 5 must be removed. Therefore, this technical solution also requires the walking plate 5 to be designed as detachable. Several waterproof support components 1 are installed on the roof in the same manner, and support members 51 are installed on the top of the waterproof support components 1 to support and fix the walking plate 5. In this embodiment, the height of the multi-directional bending plate 12 of the waterproof support component 1 must be strictly controlled to avoid interference when each photovoltaic unit 4 moves laterally. In this technical solution, the support member 51 is connected to the waterproof support component 1 to reduce the design height of the waterproof support component 1, that is, to control the design height of the multi-directional bending plate 12. When the walking plate 5 is removed, the waterproof support component 1 will not interfere with the photovoltaic unit 4 when it is pushed laterally.

[0027] This invention enables the free lateral movement of photovoltaic unit 4. However, the following issues need to be considered during the design: photovoltaic unit 4 must be stable in the working state, that is, the photovoltaic module composed of multiple photovoltaic units 4 must not exhibit disordered separation. This invention makes the following improvements, such as... Figure 4 , 9 As shown in Figures 12, 13, and 14, a transverse positioning assembly 6 is provided between adjacent brackets 3. The transverse positioning assembly 6 includes a positioning post fixing plate 61 and a positioning plate 62. The tops of the positioning post fixing plate 61 and the positioning plate 62 are respectively provided with a top plate I 610 and a top plate II 621 for fixing to the bottom of the adjacent photovoltaic unit 4. A positioning post 63 is fixed on the positioning post fixing plate 61, and a support rod 64 is fixed on the positioning plate 62. A swing fastener 65 is hinged to the support rod 64. Figure 13 , 14As shown, the swing fastener 65 has a V-shaped side profile. The top of the swing fastener 65 is a support section 651, which overlaps the support rod 64. A pull rope 67 is locked to the support rod 64 by a locking screw 66. The pull rope 67 is positioned between the support section 651 and the support rod 64. A guide hole is provided on the upper part of the support rod 64 to accommodate the pull rope 67. The pull rope 67 passes through the guide hole and connects to the pull ring 68. The pull rope is typically made of soft steel cable.

[0028] With the above structural setup, the positioning column fixing plate 61 and the positioning plate 62 are respectively fixed to the bottom of different photovoltaic units 4. For example... Figure 13 When the pull rope is relaxed, the swing fastener 65 naturally hangs down and locks the positioning post 63 between the positioning plate 62 and the swing fastener 65, thus realizing the docking and locking of two adjacent photovoltaic units 4.

[0029] like Figure 14 When the pull rope 67 is taut, the swinging fastener 65 swings upward, and the positioning post 63 can move inside and outside the positioning post locking area, thereby releasing the positioning post 63 within the positioning post locking area and thus separating the two adjacent photovoltaic units 4.

[0030] Those skilled in the art can set two or more sets of lateral positioning components 6 at the bottom of each adjacent photovoltaic unit 4, and achieve traction control through the pull hook with a long handle during operation, thereby realizing the lateral locking and loosening control of adjacent photovoltaic units 4.

[0031] Example 2: Based on Example 1, this technical solution enables the lateral movement and positioning of the photovoltaic unit 4, allowing for maintenance of the photovoltaic unit 4 or photovoltaic panel in any area. Furthermore, this technical solution further improves the assembly of the photovoltaic panel, enabling faster and more stable installation. The specific structural technical solution is as follows: A top beam 33 is provided at the top of the support plate 31, and a press-locking device 7 is provided between the top beam 33 and the photovoltaic panel. The press-locking device 7 is used to assemble and limit the top photovoltaic panel 40 of multiple photovoltaic panels inside the photovoltaic unit 4. An elastic bottom support is provided at the bottom of the support plate 31, which is used to assemble and limit the bottom photovoltaic panel 40 of multiple photovoltaic panels inside the photovoltaic unit 4. A side baffle 35 is provided on the side of the support plate 31, which is used to press and fix the side of the photovoltaic panel 40.

[0032] like Figure 3 , 10As shown, the press-locking device 7 includes two locking bases, namely locking base I 72 and locking base II 73. Both locking bases are provided with through holes, and a locking rod 74 is set through the through holes. The locking rod 74 is a stepped shaft with a locking section 741 at its end. The thinner section of the locking rod 74 passes through the through hole and is connected to the external positioning nut 77. The locking rod 74 is also provided with a locking rod pull ring 76 as a pull part. A locking spring 75 is provided between the locking section 741 and the locking base II 73. Corresponding to the locking section 741, the photovoltaic panel 40 is provided with a positioning rod 71. The positioning rod 71 is provided with a tapered guide end 713 and a positioning part. The positioning part is designed as a groove or a hole. In this embodiment, a positioning groove 712 is used. The positioning groove 712 cooperates with the locking section 741 to achieve locking and positioning. In order to ensure the stability of the photovoltaic panel 40 during the implementation of the above structure, the width of the frame 41 around the light-collecting area 42 can be increased, and the positioning rod 71 can be fixed on the frame 41. During assembly, force is applied to press the frame of the photovoltaic panel 40. The two locking bases I 72 and locking base II 73 are designed on the side facing the inside of the photovoltaic panel 40, which can achieve locking force in the longitudinal direction.

[0033] To better facilitate longitudinal adjustment during the assembly of multiple photovoltaic panels 40, this technical solution also includes an elastic base support at the bottom of the support plate 31, the specific structure of which is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the elastic base includes a baffle 36, with a guide plate 361 connected to the bottom of the baffle 36. A guide groove 38 is provided on the top surface of the base plate 31, which guides the connection point between the baffle 36 and the guide plate 361. An end plate 37 is provided on the end face of the base plate 31, and the end plate 37 is locked to the base plate 31 with bolts. A spring positioning post 371 is provided on the inner side of the end plate 37 as a spring positioning part, and a spring 39 is provided between the spring positioning post 371 and the guide plate 361. This design allows the positioning rod 71 on the top photovoltaic panel 40 to be adjusted up and down when it engages with the locking section 741 on the locking rod 74 through the positioning hole 34, which facilitates assembly. After assembly, the longitudinal compression positioning is achieved under the force of the spring 39.

[0034] The above structure enables longitudinal positioning of multiple photovoltaic panels 40 after assembly. This technical solution also utilizes side baffles 35 to achieve side-clamping and fixing of the photovoltaic panels 40. The specific structure is as follows: Figure 3As shown, the support plate 31 is a profile, preferably an aluminum alloy profile, with a central through groove 311 at its center and side through grooves 312 on its left and right sides respectively. The side through grooves 312 are used to fix the side baffle 35. The side baffle 35 includes a bottom guide plate 351, which is integrally connected to the outer vertical plate 352. A pressure plate 353 is provided at the top of the vertical plate 352, and a locking screw is provided through the pressure plate 353. A pressure block 354 is provided at the bottom of the locking screw. Typically, the pressure block 354 is made of corrosion-resistant polymer materials, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, etc. Double compression of the side and top surfaces can be achieved by vertical suspension and tightening force.

[0035] Through the cooperation of the press-lock device 7, the elastic base, and the side baffle 35 described above, multiple compression fixation in the horizontal, vertical, and longitudinal areas can be achieved, making the installation of photovoltaic panels faster and more stable.

[0036] Example 3: This technical solution further improves the sealing performance of the photovoltaic unit 4 after assembly. Specifically, a T-shaped sealing strip 43 is fixed between each adjacent photovoltaic unit 4 and between the walking plate 5 and the photovoltaic unit 4. The top surface is squeezed and sealed by the T-shaped sealing strip 43 to minimize water seepage and leakage.

[0037] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the bottom of the photovoltaic unit 4 is supported by a waterproof support assembly 1 to form a drainage trough 8. The drainage trough 8 includes a trapezoidal trough body 81, and an outer side 82 is provided on the side of the trough body 81. The outer side 82 can be understood as the edge of the trough body 81. The drainage trough 8 collects the water flowing down from the photovoltaic unit 4. However, in actual use, if the amount of rainwater is large, the water flowing down from the photovoltaic unit 4 will directly rush to the outside of the drainage trough 8. This technical solution makes the following improvement: a water baffle fixing hole 83 is provided on the outer side 82 to fix the outer edge water baffle 9. The outer edge water baffle 9 is provided with a bottom fixing edge 91, a vertical bending plate 92, and a top splash guard 93 that bends towards the drainage trough 8. This structure can block the rainwater flowing down from the photovoltaic unit 4 and guide it into the trough body 81 for external discharge.

[0038] The above structural design can reduce the degree of roof erosion by rainwater to a certain extent. Based on the installation experience of photovoltaic products in China in recent years, it has been found that after photovoltaic panels are installed in residential buildings, the poor ventilation of the roof surface prevents the humid air from being discharged from the room and the roof, which will accelerate the damage to the roof. After the above improvements, the retention and accumulation of rainwater on the roof can be reduced to the greatest extent, which can improve the current roof appearance after photovoltaic panel installation to a certain extent.

[0039] In summary, the present invention enables personnel to maintain and care for the photovoltaic unit 4 and the roof in any area, avoiding permanent damage to the building's exterior roof surface caused by the inability to repair the photovoltaic panels after installation; it allows for flexible repair or replacement of the photovoltaic panels 40 installed inside the photovoltaic unit 4, with flexible and convenient operation; it achieves waterproof and drainage design, minimizing rainwater intrusion, reducing roof corrosion, and reducing the risk of building leaks, making it an ideal photovoltaic building integrated installation system.

Claims

1. A building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) installation system, characterized in that: It includes a waterproof support assembly and a transverse guide rail, on which several photovoltaic units are fixed; a traveling plate is fixed between the photovoltaic units; The photovoltaic unit has several guide wheel groups at its bottom, which together support multiple brackets. Each bracket consists of a support plate and connecting ribs. The support plate has an elastic base and side baffles. A top beam is located at the top of the support plate, and a press-lock device is installed between the top beam and the photovoltaic panel. The press-lock device includes two locking bases with through holes. A locking rod passes through the through holes and is a stepped shaft with a locking section at its end. The thinner section of the locking rod passes through the through holes and connects to an external positioning nut. A pulling part is also provided on the locking rod. A locking spring is installed between the locking section and the locking base. Corresponding to the locking section, a positioning rod is installed on the photovoltaic panel. The positioning rod has a guide end and a positioning part, which cooperates with the locking section to achieve locking and positioning. A lateral positioning assembly is provided between adjacent brackets. The lateral positioning assembly includes a positioning post and a swing fastener. The swing fastener is hinged and fixed to the support rod. The side of the swing fastener is V-shaped. The top of the swing fastener is a support section that overlaps the support rod. A pull rope is fixed on the support rod and is located between the support section and the support rod. A guide hole is provided on the upper part of the support rod in conjunction with the pull rope. The pull rope passes through the guide hole and connects to the pull ring. The support rod is fixed to the positioning plate. The positioning post locking area is between the positioning plate and the swing fastener. When the pull rope is loose, the swing fastener hangs down naturally, locking the positioning post between the positioning plate and the swing fastener. When the pull rope is taut, the swing fastener swings upward, and the positioning post can move inside and outside the positioning post locking area.

2. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The guide wheel assembly includes a top plate and a guide wheel vertical support plate. A guide wheel fixing rod is provided on the guide wheel vertical support plate, and a guide wheel is fixed on the guide wheel fixing rod. The guide wheel is matched with the transverse track.

3. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof support assembly includes a bottom support plate, a bottom vertical plate, a multi-directional bending plate, and a fixing hoop at the top of the multi-directional bending plate to fix the horizontal guide rail. A tile storage area is provided between the multi-directional bending plate and the fixing hoop. A tile support plate is also provided at the bottom of the multi-directional bending plate and is attached to the top surface of the tile.

4. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the tile support plate matches the shape of the tile.

5. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 3, characterized in that: An elastic waterproof layer is attached to the tile support plate.

6. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pallet is made of profile material, with a side through groove on its side and a side baffle inside the side through groove. The side baffle includes a bottom guide plate, which is connected to an external vertical plate. A pressure plate is provided at the top of the vertical plate, and a locking screw is provided through the pressure plate. A pressure block is provided at the bottom of the locking screw.

7. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic base includes a baffle, a guide plate connected to the bottom of the baffle, a guide groove provided on the top surface of the base, an end plate provided on the end surface of the base, the end plate being fixed to the base, a spring positioning part provided on the inner side of the end plate, and a spring provided between the spring positioning part and the guide plate.

8. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: T-shaped sealing strips are fixed between adjacent photovoltaic units and between the walking plate and the photovoltaic unit.

9. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the photovoltaic unit is supported by a waterproof support assembly to form a drainage channel, and an outer edge baffle is fixed on the top or side of the drainage channel.

10. The photovoltaic building integrated installation system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the walking board is provided with a support member, which is connected to the waterproof support assembly.

Images