Magnetic traction device for visual field exposure in operation

Abstract

A magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure comprises an outer magnet unit and an inner magnet unit. The outer magnet unit comprises a plurality of permanent magnets with adjustable positions; the inner magnet unit comprises an inner driving magnet, an inner anchoring magnet and an elastic framework; the elastic frameworks are connected to form a structure capable of being folded and unfolded, and the inner anchoring magnets and the inner driving magnets are arranged on the elastic frameworks; the magnetic force and the magnetic pole of each magnet are configured to meet the requirement that the permanent magnet and the inner driving magnet attract the back of the patient to achieve traction and can provide attraction force for the inner anchoring magnet to attract the back of the patient. When in use, the in-vitro part is placed below the body of a patient to generate a downward traction force, so that the exposure effect of an abdominal operation view is better; the in-vivo part is of a structure capable of being unfolded and folded, the internal organs are covered after the in-vivo part is unfolded, compared with an existing single magnet, the stress area is larger, the stress is more balanced, the in-vivo part is convenient to put in and take out after the in-vivo part is folded, and the effect is better especially for endoscope minimally invasive surgery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, and specifically relates to a magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure. Background Technology

[0002] A clear and adequate surgical field is crucial for ensuring the smooth progress of surgery and improving its success rate. For example, in liver transplantation, the hilum of the liver has a complex structure, containing important ductal systems such as the hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile ducts, requiring extremely precise exposure of the surgical field. In open surgery, two methods are currently widely used clinically: assistant-assisted traction and tissue retractor traction. However, with the deepening of clinical application, some limitations have become apparent in practice: the former is limited by the limits of human endurance; prolonged high-intensity operation can easily lead to hand fatigue, causing deviations in traction force and position, affecting the stability of the surgical field. In surgeries like liver transplantation that require millimeter-level precision, this can easily lead to unexpected displacement of the traction tissue. While the latter provides relatively stable traction, it demands a high level of experience and skill from the operator and may cause additional damage due to tissue compression and friction, increasing the risk of postoperative complications. Repeated adjustments and poor force control of the retractor can tear the adventitia of blood vessels or damage the bile duct mucosa, increasing the incidence of serious postoperative complications such as bile leakage and thrombosis.

[0003] For example, in laparoscopic minimally invasive liver resection, based on the location of the liver lesion and the surgeon's experience, operating ports are often set below the xiphoid process, below the right costal margin, and in the right upper quadrant, with observation ports set at or above the umbilicus, requiring a total of 4 to 5 trocar ports. This is a widely used classic procedure with mature technology. With the development of minimally invasive / non-invasive surgical techniques, reduced-trocar techniques such as the three-port and two-port methods have emerged. However, due to limitations in operating space and instrument flexibility, the surgical difficulty has greatly increased. The reduction in the number of trocar ports makes it difficult to expose the surgical field and leads to uncoordinated surgical instrument coordination, seriously compromising the accuracy and safety of the surgery.

[0004] Compared to traditional mechanical traction, magnetic non-contact traction technology demonstrates innovative clinical value. The magnetic anchoring traction system achieves flexible traction of target tissues through the air-to-air coupling of an external permanent magnet and an internal magnetic anchoring device, reducing the risk of mechanical damage. This non-contact magnetic traction can achieve continuous and constant traction force through precise control of the external and internal magnets, completely avoiding fluctuations in traction force caused by assistant fatigue and providing sufficient and stable visual exposure. Simultaneously, this magnetic device completely frees the assistant from a single traction task, allowing them to simultaneously participate in multi-tasking operations such as instrument transfer and specimen processing, helping to shorten surgical time and improve surgical success rates.

[0005] Patent CN114129208A discloses a magnetic tissue traction device and medical equipment suitable for laparoscopic surgery. It utilizes an external magnetic device on the abdominal wall to exert upward magnetic force for traction. In practical applications, this upward traction force is effective for surgeries such as cholecystectomy; however, it cannot meet the need for a downward force during surgery to achieve adequate exposure of the surgical field and facilitate surgical manipulation. More importantly, the magnetic components of this device are cylindrical or block-shaped units, making it difficult to achieve mechanical balance and maximize the simulation of manual manipulation while utilizing magnetic force for traction and exposure. Therefore, further optimization of the specific structure of the internal and external magnetic devices is still required. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure, so as to solve the problems of easy fatigue of the operator, inconsistent traction force, and non-flexible traction in traditional intraoperative traction, as well as the problem that conventional magnetic traction is difficult to balance mechanical forces. The present invention utilizes a non-contact, reverse magnetic traction device to achieve full exposure of the surgical field of the abdomen.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure includes an outer magnet unit and an inner magnet unit;

[0009] The external magnet unit includes several position-adjustable permanent magnets;

[0010] The inner magnet unit includes an inner driving magnet, an inner anchoring magnet, and an elastic frame; there are multiple elastic frames connected to form a structure that can be folded up and unfolded, and the inner anchoring magnet and the inner driving magnet are both arranged on the elastic frame.

[0011] The magnetic force and magnetic poles of each magnet are configured to enable the permanent magnet to attract the internal driving magnet across the patient's back to achieve traction, and to provide the internal anchoring magnet with an attractive force across the patient's back.

[0012] In one embodiment, the external magnet unit further includes: a support frame;

[0013] The permanent magnet is disposed in the support frame, and a soft pad is provided on the top surface of the support frame.

[0014] In one embodiment, the external magnet unit further includes: a plurality of guide rails;

[0015] At least one permanent magnet is provided on each guide rail, and the permanent magnet is configured to move along the guide rail in which it is located.

[0016] In one embodiment, the external magnet unit further includes a control component; the control component includes a rocker wheel, a gear, and a rack;

[0017] The rack is parallel to the guide rail, the gear meshes with the rack, one permanent magnet is fixedly connected to one gear, and one rocker wheel is fixedly connected to one gear. By operating the rocker wheel, a corresponding permanent magnet is moved on its track.

[0018] In one embodiment, the external magnet unit further includes: a control module and a drive motor;

[0019] The drive motor is connected to the control module and receives its commands. The output of the drive motor is connected to the permanent magnet and drives it to move linearly along the guide device. The guide device is parallel to the track and is equipped with a limit device and a limit sensing module. A fixed shielding device is provided on the outside of the permanent magnet.

[0020] In one embodiment, the structure is fan-shaped when unfolded and long and straight when folded;

[0021] The internal driving magnet is located at the center of the fan-shaped structure. Each of the elastic skeletons is arranged along the radial direction of the fan-shaped structure and converges at the rear end of the internal driving magnet. The internal driving magnet serves as the axis of rotation to realize the expansion and contraction of the fan-shaped structure. The internal anchoring magnet is located at the front end of the elastic skeleton.

[0022] In one embodiment, the internal driving magnet is cylindrical, and the rear end of the elastic frame has a circular hole. The circular holes of each elastic frame are sequentially fitted onto the internal driving magnet, using the internal driving magnet as a pivot to realize the expansion and contraction of the fan-shaped structure; or...

[0023] The internal driving magnet is set in a cylindrical sleeve. The rear end of the elastic skeleton has a round hole. The round holes of each elastic skeleton are sequentially fitted onto the cylindrical sleeve, and the expansion and contraction of the fan-shaped structure are realized with the cylindrical sleeve as the pivot.

[0024] In one embodiment, the inner anchoring magnet is sheet-shaped, and its magnetization direction is consistent with that of the inner driving magnet, while its magnetization intensity is less than that of the inner driving magnet.

[0025] In one embodiment, a mesh is provided between adjacent frames.

[0026] In one embodiment, an elastic wire connects adjacent skeletons.

[0027] In one embodiment, the frame is provided with a guide groove and a rotating shaft. The guide groove is provided along the length of the frame and has a bent portion at one end. A hook is connected between adjacent frames. One end of the hook is connected to the rotating shaft of one frame, and the other end is provided in the guide groove of the adjacent frame. As the rotating shaft rotates, the other end of the hook slides in the guide groove and can be engaged and fixed at the bent portion.

[0028] In one embodiment, the structure is rectangular when unfolded and cylindrical when folded.

[0029] The elastic skeletons are arranged in parallel and connected by flexible wires. Adjacent elastic skeletons have a small gap, which allows the structure to be rolled into a cylindrical shape. At least one flexible wire is left with a knot length for fixing the cylindrical shape. The inner driving magnet and the inner anchoring magnet are respectively arranged at two ends of the structure near the length direction of the elastic skeleton.

[0030] In one embodiment, the inner driving magnet and the inner anchoring magnet are cylindrical, and the elastic skeleton has cylindrical grooves, in which the inner driving magnet and the inner anchoring magnet are embedded.

[0031] In one embodiment, the inner driving magnet and the inner anchoring magnet are cylindrical with connecting arms that connect to a traction clamp for clamping and fixing with an elastic skeleton.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. Unlike the traditional upward traction direction, the external part of this invention is placed under the patient's body during use, generating a downward traction force, which makes the surgical field of view of the abdomen more exposed.

[0034] 2. The external part of this invention uses a position-adjustable permanent magnet, whose position can be adjusted by a control component or control module, which is more accurate than the existing manual adjustment.

[0035] 3. The internal portion of this invention adopts an expandable and retractable structure. When expanded, it covers the organs, providing a larger force-bearing area and more balanced force distribution compared to existing single magnets. When retracted, it facilitates insertion and removal, especially for minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery, where it yields better results.

[0036] 4. The internal part of the present invention divides the magnet into anchoring magnets and driving magnets. The number and magnetization intensity of the two are different, which not only makes it easy to adjust the position, but also allows the force to simulate the manual traction method to the greatest extent.

[0037] 5. The main body of the present invention is made of elastic or flexible material, and is supplemented by a multi-point magnet distribution to achieve flexible traction while taking into account mechanical balance. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This is an internal view of the external magnet unit of the magnetic traction device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is an external view of the external magnet unit of the magnetic traction device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 This is an internal view of the external magnet unit of the magnetic traction device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 This is an external view of the external magnet unit of the magnetic traction device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 For the unfolding of the magnet unit inside the magnetic traction device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0044] Figure 6 For the unfolding of the magnet unit inside the magnetic traction device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0045] Figure 7 This is an unfolded view of the magnet unit inside the magnetic traction device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the folding of the magnet unit inside the magnetic traction device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the clinical application of the magnet unit within the magnetic traction device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] As mentioned earlier, existing abdominal surgeries, especially those targeting the hepatic hilum, have limitations in terms of visual exposure. Magnetic control systems, by adjusting the strength and direction of the magnetic field, can precisely control the angle and force of tissue traction in three-dimensional space, overcoming the limitations of two-dimensional operation with traditional instruments and providing a novel solution for comprehensive exposure of complex anatomical structures. However, traditional magnetic traction still suffers from limitations in traction direction and uneven force distribution due to improper internal magnet design.

[0050] Therefore, this invention proposes a novel magnetic anchoring traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure. While achieving effective traction of tissues through magnetic force, it provides a stable, clear surgical field free from human interference by cleverly designing its magnetic force direction and the distribution of magnets within the body, thereby optimizing surgical operating conditions and improving surgical safety and treatment outcomes.

[0051] refer to Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the traction device of the present invention comprises two parts: an outer magnet unit and an inner magnet unit. By combining the outer magnet unit and the inner magnet unit, the intraoperative field of vision is exposed by means of magnetic drive.

[0052] The external magnet unit refers to the part outside the patient's body during use, and its core component is a number of position-adjustable permanent magnets 101. In this invention, the external magnet unit needs to be placed on the operating table during use, corresponding to the patient's back position. Specifically, it can be integrated into a soft support system and laid flat on the operating table, or a dedicated operating table can be used, or it can be placed in a slot on the operating table.

[0053] The internal magnet unit refers to the part inside the body during use. Its core components mainly include an internal driving magnet 201, an internal anchoring magnet 202, and an elastic frame 203. The elastic frame 203 is a support component made of elastic material, used to support the internal driving magnet 201 and the internal anchoring magnet 202. To ensure balanced force and meet the requirements for retrieval and placement, in this invention, there are multiple elastic frames 203, which are connected to form a structure that can be retracted and expanded. That is, when expanded, it can cover a larger area, so that the dispersed internal driving magnets 201 and internal anchoring magnets 202 generate a balanced traction force with the external permanent magnet 101. When retracted, it can be easily removed from the body and inserted into the body from the outside.

[0054] The magnetization intensity and magnetic pole configuration of the magnet in this invention need to meet the following conditions:

[0055] In use, with the patient's back as a barrier, the permanent magnet 101 attracts the internal driving magnet 201 to achieve traction, and simultaneously provides an attractive force to the internal anchoring magnet 202. That is, the permanent magnet 101 can generate magnetic attraction with both the internal driving magnet 201 and the internal anchoring magnet 202. However, the attraction with the internal driving magnet 201 can be stronger. This is mainly because the fine-tuning of the position of the internal magnet unit primarily relies on the permanent magnet 101 pulling the internal driving magnet 201 to move. Therefore, it is preferable to design the magnetization intensity of the internal driving magnet 201 to be greater than that of the internal driving magnet 201.

[0056] With the above structure, the internal magnet unit can be unfolded and retracted as needed during use. When unfolded, it covers a larger area and provides a more uniform magnetic force; when retracted, it is easy to place and retrieve. Therefore, it simultaneously addresses the needs of ease of use and effective exposure. The internal magnets, designed with different magnetization intensities, not only facilitate fine-tuning of the position but also, through varying magnetic force distribution points, simulate exposed human hand operations, thus protecting internal organs.

[0057] Furthermore, the present invention provides the following specific embodiments for the outer magnet unit and the inner magnet unit.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] This embodiment provides a structure for an external magnet unit, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown. The external magnet unit also includes a support frame 102, which has a rectangular outer frame structure and a soft pad 103 on its top surface to provide better contact for the patient. The permanent magnet 101 is positioned within the support frame 102 for position adjustment. The support frame 102 primarily serves to fix and support the patient, ensuring their safety and comfort while lying on the operating table. The soft pad 103 can be made of rubber to prevent pressure injuries caused by prolonged lying on the operating table.

[0060] To achieve this adjustment, the present invention designs several guide rails 104 in the aforementioned support frame 102, and provides at least one permanent magnet 101 on each guide rail 104. The permanent magnet 101 is configured to move along the guide rail 104 it is located on. Specifically, a slot can be cut into the bottom or lower middle part of the permanent magnet 101 to fit into the guide rail 104, or the permanent magnet 101 can be equipped with a base with a sliding groove, the permanent magnet 101 can be installed in the base, and the base can be fitted to the guide rail 104. In this embodiment, the guide rail 104 adopts a long, axially penetrating solid structure to provide the running path for the permanent magnet 101.

[0061] Therefore, the movement of the permanent magnet 101 on the same guide rail 104 can provide position adjustment along a straight line, while the movement of the permanent magnet 101 on different guide rails 104 provides position adjustment in different directions. Preferably, for ease of operation, the several guide rails 104 of the present invention can be arranged in parallel and are all located in the support frame 102.

[0062] This embodiment further includes a control component for moving the permanent magnet 101 on the guide rail 104, mainly comprising a rocker wheel 105, a gear 106, and a rack 107. The rack 107 is parallel to one guide rail 104 and is also located within the support frame 102. The gear 106 meshes with the rack 107, with one gear 106 connected to one permanent magnet 101 and fixedly connected to one rocker wheel 105. Operating the rocker wheel 105 drives the movement of a corresponding permanent magnet 101 on its designated track 104, and the movement distance and speed are controlled as needed.

[0063] Specifically, to achieve the above connection, a connecting arm extends from the side wall of the permanent magnet 101 and extends into the central hole of the gear 106, connecting with the gear 106 via a bearing. The rocker wheel 105 is directly fixed to the external teeth of the gear 106, so that when it rotates, it drives the rotation of the gear 106, which in turn drives the gear 106 to translate on the rack 107, ultimately causing the permanent magnet 101 to translate on its track 104. Obviously, the rocker wheel 105 needs to extend a support frame 102 from the side for operation.

[0064] Through the above structure, the external magnet unit of this embodiment can easily adjust the position of each permanent magnet 101, and adjust the position of the internal magnet unit in three-dimensional space by means of magnetic attraction, so as to accurately control the tissue traction angle and force to achieve the purpose of exposing the surgical field.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] This embodiment provides another structure for the external magnet unit, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown. The external magnet unit also includes the same support frame 102 and pad 103 as in the embodiment.

[0067] The main difference from Embodiment 1 is that this embodiment employs electronic control, therefore it also includes a control module 110 and a drive motor 111. The control module 110 is a traditional motor control module, primarily sending start signals, speed signals, and stop signals to the drive motor 111. These signals can be manually input or obtained by acquiring variables through sensors and calculating them. Regardless of the method, using a motor control module to control the motor's start, stop, speed, etc., is a mature existing technology.

[0068] The output of the drive motor 111 is connected to the permanent magnet 101, providing driving force for the linear movement of the permanent magnet 101. In this embodiment, a fixed shielding device 109 is designed for the permanent magnet 101. The fixed shielding device 109 is a shell with an open top. When the permanent magnet 101 is installed in it, only the magnetic force at the top is unaffected, while the other directions are shielded to avoid affecting the operation of the motor. The side extension of the fixed shielding device 109 matches the guide device 108 through a bottom groove. The guide device 108 is a long straight track structure. In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 101 can be equipped with a track 104, or it can be made to move in mid-air. When equipped with a track 104, the guide device 108 is parallel to the track 104. Furthermore, for the stability of movement, the guide device 108 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the permanent magnet 101. The drive motor 111 receives various commands from the control module 110, drives the permanent magnet 101 to move linearly along the guide device 108, and controls the speed and start / stop actions, thereby controlling the position of the permanent magnet 101.

[0069] Furthermore, to limit the travel distance, a limit device 112 and a limit sensing module 113 can be provided on the guide device 108. The limit sensing module 113 is connected to the control module 110 and can be a touch sensor or a distance sensor, etc. When a touch signal is received or a trigger signal is received when the distance to the fixed shielding device 109 is less than a predetermined value, the control module 110 sends a stop command to the drive motor 111.

[0070] Furthermore, the drive motor 111 and control module 110 can be equipped with independent power supplies to provide the power required to move the permanent magnet 101, which is convenient for clinical applications. The output of the drive motor 111 can be transmitted to the fixed shielding device 109 through a structure such as a gearbox, and then driven to move linearly through a gear transmission structure. This part is a conventional technology for motor drives.

[0071] This embodiment is in Figure 3 The image shows four identical cylindrical permanent magnets 101, each 20 mm in diameter and 30 mm in height, which can drive the inner and outer magnet units.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] This embodiment provides a structure for an internal magnet unit, such as... Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown. The internal magnet unit adopts a fan-like structure, which is fan-shaped when unfolded and long and straight when folded.

[0074] Each elastic frame 203 serves as the frame of the folding fan structure, preferably in the shape of a long, straight sheet, arranged along the radial direction of the fan-shaped structure, and converging at the rear end to the inner driving magnet 201, enabling the fan-shaped structure to unfold and retract using the inner driving magnet 201 as a pivot. The inner anchoring magnet 202 is located at the front end of the elastic frame 203.

[0075] Since the internal driving magnet 201 is located at the rear end of the fan-shaped structure of the internal magnet unit, it can respond to the permanent magnet 101 in the external magnet unit and form an anchor through non-contact magnetic force. When the permanent magnet 101 moves along the guide rail 104, the internal driving magnet can move, thereby achieving flexible and stable surgical field exposure.

[0076] The inner anchoring magnet 202 is located at the front end of the fan-shaped structure of the inner magnet unit. It can respond to the permanent magnet 101 in the outer magnet unit, so that under the action of magnetic force, the elastic skeleton 203 and even the entire fan-shaped structure will undergo buckling deformation. The curvature of the bending can better cover and fix the organs that need to be pulled and exposed, thereby achieving a large range of surgical field exposure.

[0077] Accordingly, the inner driving magnet 201 is generally located at the center of the fan-shaped structure, and there is only one of them, while the inner anchoring magnet 202 is generally located at the arc edge of the fan-shaped structure, and there are multiple of them.

[0078] This embodiment employs a fan-shaped structure, with elastic skeletons 203 spaced apart across the entire plane of the inner magnet unit. This supports the planar structure and connects and fixes the inner driving magnets 201, enabling multi-point attraction with the external permanent magnets 101 and balancing the forces. Furthermore, the fan-shaped structure can be folded to create a collapsed state for easy storage and maintenance.

[0079] Furthermore, to achieve the above structure, the internal driving magnet 201 in this embodiment can be cylindrical, and the rear end of the elastic frame 203 has a circular hole. The circular holes of each elastic frame 203 are sequentially fitted onto the internal driving magnet 201, thereby enabling the fan-shaped structure to unfold and retract using the internal driving magnet 201 as a pivot. This structure is relatively simple and basically does not require the use of external auxiliary components, but it has high requirements for the processing of the internal driving magnet 201 and the elastic frame 203, and long-term use will cause wear on the internal driving magnet 201.

[0080] Therefore, in another embodiment, the inner driving magnet 201 is housed within a cylindrical sleeve. The rear end of the elastic frame 203 still has a circular hole and is sequentially fitted onto the cylindrical sleeve rather than directly onto the inner driving magnet 201. The expansion and contraction of the fan-shaped structure are achieved by using the cylindrical sleeve, rather than directly around the inner driving magnet 201, as the pivot. This structure adds a cylindrical sleeve, which protects the inner driving magnet 201 from direct contact and wear.

[0081] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the inner anchoring magnet 202 is sheet-shaped, and its magnetization direction is consistent with that of the inner driving magnet 201, but its magnetization intensity is less than that of the inner driving magnet 201. The sheet-shaped inner anchoring magnet 202 is used because, under normal circumstances, the elastic skeleton 203 is difficult to process to a large thickness; the sheet-shaped magnet can be better embedded or attached to the surface grooves or surface of the elastic skeleton 203. To ensure high magnetic strength, neodymium iron boron strong magnet sheets can be used in this invention.

[0082] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a mesh is provided between adjacent elastic skeletons 203. The mesh is made of a mesh material and fills the gaps between the elastic skeletons 203 to cover the abdominal organs during surgery, preventing the organs from dislodging from the skeleton gaps and affecting the exposure of the surgical field.

[0083] Furthermore, in this embodiment, elastic lines 204 are also connected between adjacent elastic frames 203. The elastic lines 204 can function similarly to the aforementioned mesh, and can also assist in achieving effective connection and buckling deformation of adjacent elastic frames 203.

[0084] Furthermore, this embodiment also provides a mechanical method for realizing the fan-shaped expansion and contraction. A guide groove 2031 and a rotating shaft 2032 are provided on the surface of the elastic frame 203. The guide groove 2031 is arranged along the length of the frame 203 and has a bent portion 2034 at one end. Hooks 2033 are connected between adjacent frames 203. One end of the hook 2033 is connected to the rotating shaft 2032 of one frame 203, and the other end is disposed in the guide groove 2031 of the adjacent frame 203 via a vertical head. Thus, as the rotating shaft 2032 rotates, the other end of the hook 2033 can slide in the guide groove 2031 and can be engaged and fixed by the bent portion 2034 when it slides to it.

[0085] In summary, combining Embodiments 1 and 3 or Embodiments 2 and 3, this invention designs a magnetic traction device for intraoperative field exposure. The inner magnet unit is placed in the abdominal cavity of the patient undergoing abdominal surgery, and the outer magnet unit is placed on the patient's back. The patient lies supine above the operating table containing the outer magnet unit. The inner and outer magnet units achieve mechanical balance through non-contact magnetic force, achieving the purpose of surgical field exposure. By adjusting the elastic frame 203, the inner magnet unit is moved from a closed state to an expanded state, forming a fan-shaped structure, fully expanding the coverage area and facilitating more complete tissue exposure. The magnetic attraction between the permanent magnet 101 and the inner anchoring magnet 202 causes the elastic frame 203 and the mesh to bend, providing support and accommodating abdominal organs. Subsequently, mechanical balance is achieved through the magnetic attraction between the permanent magnet 101 and the inner driving magnet 201. The position of the permanent magnet 101 can be adjusted along the guide rail 104, thereby controlling the displacement of the inner magnet unit by the inner driving magnet 201, achieving stable tissue traction. The direction and distance of the permanent magnet 101 moving on the guide rail 104 can be manually adjusted by using the rocker wheel 105, gear 106, and rack 107, thereby adjusting the relative position of the inner drive magnet 201 and the inner anchoring magnet 202 to change the tissue traction force and area, so as to meet the needs of the surgeon to form a precise three-dimensional exposure at any time.

[0086] Further optimization of the scheme allows for the adjustment of the number of internal anchoring magnets 202 and the height of internal driving magnets 201 based on the size of the field of view to be exposed and the magnitude of the traction force, thereby achieving a new mechanical balance in three-dimensional space and achieving the goal of sufficient intraoperative field of view exposure.

[0087] This invention utilizes non-contact magnetic force to achieve mechanical balance through the precise coordination of the outer and inner magnet units. The inner anchoring magnet 202 attracts the permanent magnet 101, bending the fan-shaped structure to accommodate abdominal organs. The inner driving magnet 201 attracts the permanent magnet 101, and the rotation of the rocker wheel 105 moves the permanent magnet 101 along the guide rail 104, realizing the effect of the outer permanent magnet 101 driving the inner magnet, completing the flexible traction of the abdominal organs and reducing the risk of mechanical damage. This magnetically driven traction is constant and continuous, not prone to fluctuations in traction force, and can provide sufficient and stable visual exposure. The fan-shaped skeleton and mesh structure fully expand the tissue coverage area, and with the help of the inner anchoring magnet 202 and the inner driving magnet 201, the abdominal organs to be pulled can be fully fixed and displaced. By adjusting the positions of the permanent magnet 101 and the internal driving magnet 201, the strength and direction of the magnetic field can be controlled, enabling automated three-dimensional traction. This provides an efficient solution for exposing complex anatomical locations during surgery, reducing the burden on surgeons and assistants, and improving surgical efficiency and quality. Using this invention, the external and internal magnet units, with the aid of opposing magnetic forces, can achieve adequate exposure of the surgical field.

[0088] In this invention, the mechanical balance among the permanent magnet 101, the internal driving magnet 201, and the internal anchoring magnet 202 is crucial for achieving full traction exposure. The resulting constant traction force avoids the fluctuations in traction force caused by fatigue during prolonged traction by the surgeon, which can interfere with the operator's work. Furthermore, this invention utilizes non-contact magnetic force to create a flexible traction method, further reducing the risk of mechanical injury. In addition, this invention frees the surgeon's or assistant's hand from traction during surgery by utilizing the internal and external magnet units, allowing for more precise surgical procedures and improving surgical efficiency and quality.

[0089] Example 4

[0090] This embodiment provides another structure for the internal magnet unit, such as... Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the structure is rectangular when unfolded and cylindrical when folded, meaning it is a rollable structure.

[0091] In its specific implementation, the elastic skeletons 203 are arranged in parallel and connected by flexible wires. In this embodiment, the connecting wires include an upper traction wire 205, a lower traction wire 206, and a central coiling wire 207 perpendicular to each elastic skeleton 203. Adjacent elastic skeletons 203 have a small gap, which allows each elastic skeleton 203 connected by flexible wires to be coiled into a cylindrical shape, wherein at least one flexible wire leaves a knotting length for fixing the resulting cylindrical shape. In this embodiment, the central coiling wire 207 is used for knotting. The inner driving magnet 201 and the inner anchoring magnet 202 are respectively arranged at two ends of the structure near the length direction of the elastic skeleton 203. Preferably, the number of inner driving magnets 201 is less than the number of inner anchoring magnets 202, and they are spaced apart in the length direction of the elastic skeleton 203. In this embodiment, the elastic skeleton 203 can be a silicone pad, rectangular in shape, with the long side being much longer than the short side. It contains holes in the middle section and at both ends to allow the passage of the upper traction line 205, the lower traction line 206, and the middle winding axis 207.

[0092] Furthermore, the inner driving magnet 201 and the inner anchoring magnet 202 are short cylindrical or circular pieces with cylindrical grooves on the elastic frame 203. The inner driving magnet 201 and the inner anchoring magnet 202 are embedded in the cylindrical grooves or directly attached to the elastic frame 203.

[0093] Alternatively, the internal driving magnet 201 and the internal anchoring magnet 202 are cylindrical with connecting arms, which connect to the traction clamp and are clamped and fixed to an elastic frame 203. The connecting arms and traction clamp can adopt the structure described in the applicant's previous patent CN114129208A, which will not be described in detail here.

[0094] Based on the above structure, the inner magnet unit is rolled into a cylindrical shape outside the body and tied with a knot using the central coil axis 207. During laparoscopic surgery, the cylindrical structure is delivered into the body via a trocar. Inside the body, the knot is untied with surgical forceps, and the inner magnet unit is laid flat into a rectangle, attracting to the outer magnet unit. Postoperatively, it is rolled back into a cylindrical shape with surgical forceps, tied, and removed.

[0095] Combining the aforementioned Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 with this embodiment forms a complete magnetic traction device, particularly suitable for laparoscopic surgery. In use, the patient lies supine on an operating table containing the external magnetic anchoring traction device, with the support frame 102 supporting the patient's weight. The permanent magnet 101 is moved linearly to the appropriate position using the rocker wheel 105 or drive motor 111. The inner magnet unit is manually rolled into a cylindrical shape to pass through the laparoscopic trocar. After the inner magnet unit enters the abdominal cavity, the central winding axis 207 is opened using laparoscopic forceps to lay it flat into a rectangle, increasing the unfolded area of ​​the elastic skeleton 203 and facilitating the exposure of the laparoscopic surgical field. Subsequently, the inner anchoring magnet 202 and the permanent magnet 101 are magnetically attracted, fixing one end of the inner magnet unit. The inner driving magnet 201 and the permanent magnet 101 are magnetically attracted, achieving stability in three-dimensional space facing away from the magnetic force. Further adjustment of the position of the permanent magnet 101 using the rocker wheel 105 or drive motor 111 can drive the movement of the inner magnet unit, achieving flexible traction and visual field exposure during surgery. After the surgery, the inner magnet unit is rolled back to its cylindrical shape. The laparoscopic forceps are used to tie and fix the central coil axis 207, and then withdrawn along the puncture card.

[0096] This invention utilizes an external magnet unit placed on the patient's back and an internal magnet unit placed in the patient's abdominal cavity. The design incorporates a flexible structure that allows the elastic framework 203 to deform and pass through a trocar, thereby reducing the need for trocars in clinical practice and contributing to minimally invasive surgery. The internal driving magnet 201, internal anchoring magnet 202, and permanent magnet 101 are magnetically attracted to each other, achieving magnetic anchoring and enabling traction by opposing magnetic forces. The range of surgical field exposure can be adjusted by curling and unfolding the magnet. The elastic framework 203 provides support for abdominal organs and allows for deformation under magnetic force, facilitating the large-area accommodating of organs requiring traction and ensuring adequate intraoperative visual exposure. The internal driving magnet 201, internal anchoring magnet 202, and permanent magnet 101 can achieve three-dimensional spatial force balance through positional adjustments, generating a constant opposing traction force and contributing to the stability of the exposure field.

[0097] Further optimization of the scheme allows for adjustment of the number of internal anchoring magnets 202 and the number of elastic skeletons 203 for different ranges of intraoperative visual exposure, changing the size that can accommodate abdominal tissues and organs, achieving stable intraoperative flexible traction with reverse magnetic force and sufficient intraoperative visual exposure, thereby improving the minimally invasive nature and safety of the surgery.

[0098] Example 5

[0099] This embodiment provides an application method for the magnet unit in Embodiment 3, such as... Figure 9 As shown, during surgery, an abdominal incision 301 is made on the abdominal wall 302. The inner magnet unit of Embodiment 3 is inserted into the patient's body in a folded state through the abdominal incision 301, and then unfolded inside the body using surgical forceps or other tools, positioned above the organ 303. The outer magnet unit is placed on the operating table, opposite the inner magnet unit across the patient's back tissue 304. At this time, the permanent magnet 101 in the outer magnet unit can generate a magnetic attraction with the inner driving magnet 201 and the inner anchoring magnet 202 in the inner magnet unit. By adjusting the position of the permanent magnet 101 in the outer magnet unit, the position of the inner magnet unit can be adjusted, or the position of the permanent magnet 101 can be adjusted after the inner magnet unit is positioned. The aforementioned magnetic attraction causes the inner magnet unit to generate a downward pulling force, thereby better covering the organ 303. It not only has a larger coverage area, but its flexible structure can also well mimic human hand movements, allowing for full exposure of the surgical field while protecting the organ 303.

[0100] Please note that the technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments have been described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered within the scope of this specification. The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure, characterized in that, Includes external magnet units and internal magnet units; The external magnet unit includes several position-adjustable permanent magnets (101); The inner magnet unit includes an inner driving magnet (201), an inner anchoring magnet (202), and an elastic frame (203); there are multiple elastic frames (203), which are connected to form a structure that can be folded and unfolded, and the inner anchoring magnet (202) and the inner driving magnet (201) are both arranged on the elastic frame (203). The magnetic force and magnetic poles of each magnet are configured to enable the permanent magnet (101) to attract the internal driving magnet (201) across the patient's back to achieve traction, and to provide the internal anchoring magnet (202) with an attractive force across the patient's back.

2. The magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external magnet unit also includes: a support frame (102); The permanent magnet (101) is disposed in the support frame (102), and a soft pad (103) is disposed on the top surface of the support frame (102).

3. The magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external magnet unit also includes: several guide rails (104); At least one permanent magnet (101) is provided on each guide rail (104), the permanent magnet (101) being configured to move along the guide rail (104) in which it is located.

4. The magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The external magnet unit further includes a control component; the control component includes a rocker wheel (105), a gear (106), and a rack (107); The rack (107) is parallel to the guide rail (104), the gear (106) meshes with the rack (107), one permanent magnet (101) is fixedly connected to one gear (106), and one rocker wheel (105) is fixedly connected to one gear (106). By operating the rocker wheel (105), a corresponding permanent magnet (101) is driven to move on its track (104).

5. The magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The external magnet unit also includes: a control module (110) and a drive motor (111); The drive motor (111) is connected to the control module (110) and receives its instructions. The output of the drive motor (111) is connected to the permanent magnet (101) and drives it to move linearly along the guide device (108). The guide device (108) is parallel to the track (104) and is provided with a limit device (112) and a limit sensing module (113). A fixed shielding device (109) is provided on the outside of the permanent magnet (101).

6. The magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structure is fan-shaped when unfolded and long and straight when folded. The inner driving magnet (201) is located at the center of the fan-shaped structure. Each of the elastic skeletons (203) is arranged along the radial direction of the fan-shaped structure and converges at the rear end of the inner driving magnet (201). The inner driving magnet (201) serves as the pivot to realize the expansion and contraction of the fan-shaped structure. The inner anchoring magnet (202) is located at the front end of the elastic skeleton (203).

7. The magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The internal driving magnet (201) is cylindrical, and the rear end of the elastic frame (203) has a circular hole. The circular holes of each elastic frame (203) are sequentially fitted onto the internal driving magnet (201). Using the internal driving magnet (201) as a pivot, the fan-shaped structure can be expanded and contracted; or, The internal driving magnet (201) is disposed in a cylindrical sleeve. The rear end of the elastic skeleton (203) has a round hole. The round holes of each elastic skeleton (203) are sequentially fitted onto the cylindrical sleeve, and the expansion and contraction of the fan-shaped structure are realized by using the cylindrical sleeve as the pivot.

8. The magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner anchoring magnet (202) is sheet-shaped, and its magnetization direction is consistent with that of the inner driving magnet (201), and its magnetization intensity is less than that of the inner driving magnet (201).

9. The magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure according to claim 6, characterized in that, A mesh and / or elastic thread (204) are provided between adjacent skeletons (203).

10. The magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure according to claim 6, 7, 8, or 9, characterized in that, The frame (203) is provided with a guide groove (2031) and a rotating shaft (2032). The guide groove (2031) is provided along the length direction of the frame (203) and has a bent part (2034) at one end. A hook (2033) is connected between adjacent frames (203). One end of the hook (2033) is connected to the rotating shaft (2032) of one frame (203), and the other end is provided in the guide groove (2031) of the adjacent frame (203). As the rotating shaft (2032) rotates, the other end of the hook (2033) slides in the guide groove (2031) and can be engaged and fixed in the bent part (2034).

11. The magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structure is rectangular when unfolded and cylindrical when folded. The elastic skeletons (203) are arranged in parallel and connected by flexible wires. Adjacent elastic skeletons (203) have a small gap, which allows the structure to be rolled into a cylindrical shape. At least one flexible wire is left with a knot length for fixing the cylindrical shape. The inner driving magnet (201) and the inner anchoring magnet (202) are respectively arranged at two ends of the structure near the length direction of the elastic skeleton (203).

12. The magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure according to claim 11, characterized in that, The inner driving magnet (201) and the inner anchoring magnet (202) are cylindrical, and the elastic skeleton (203) has a cylindrical groove, in which the inner driving magnet (201) and the inner anchoring magnet (202) are embedded.

13. The magnetic traction device for intraoperative visual field exposure according to claim 11, characterized in that, The inner driving magnet (201) and the inner anchoring magnet (202) are cylindrical with connecting arms, which are connected to a traction clamp for clamping and fixing with an elastic frame (203).

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