Wire cutting machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a wire cutting machine, and belongs to the technical field of cutting equipment. The wire feeding device comprises a base, a wire feeding assembly and a workbench, wherein the wire feeding assembly and the workbench are arranged on the base; the wire moving assembly comprises a wire storage barrel, an electrode wire, a first extending part and a second extending part, the first extending part and the second extending part are arranged in parallel and arranged on the upper side and the lower side of a workpiece, part of the electrode wire is wound around the wire storage barrel, and the remaining part of the electrode wire can act on the workpiece after being limited by the first extending part and the second extending part. The first extending part comprises a stabilizing part, the stabilizing part abuts against the electrode wire, the stabilizing part can buffer the electrode wire, and the stabilizing part can decelerate the electrode wire which accelerates instantly so that wire vibration of the electrode wire can be reduced. By arranging the stabilizing piece, when the electrode wire vibrates in the radial direction, the stabilizing piece can buffer the electrode wire so as to reduce vibration, and wire vibration is effectively restrained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cutting equipment technology, and specifically to a wire cutting machine. Background Technology

[0002] A wire EDM machine, also known as an electrical discharge wire cutting machine, is a special machining tool that uses the high temperature generated by electric spark discharge to erode metal, thereby achieving the purpose of cutting. It is mainly used to process various complex and precision-detailed workpieces. The basic principle of wire EDM is to use a moving thin metal wire as an electrode wire, which, under the action of a pulsed power supply, pulses discharge onto the workpiece, generating instantaneous high temperatures. This causes localized melting and vaporization of the metal on the workpiece surface, thus removing it. A CNC system controls the worktable or electrode wire to move along a predetermined trajectory, gradually cutting the workpiece into its shape.

[0003] Wire EDM machines can be classified into high-speed reciprocating wire EDM machines and low-speed unidirectional wire EDM machines based on their wire feed speed. High-speed reciprocating wire EDM machines offer advantages such as high cutting efficiency and low operating costs, making them particularly suitable for cutting thick workpieces. However, the electrode wire is prone to wire vibration under the influence of high-speed operation and high-speed discharge, which can affect the machining accuracy of the workpiece. The core cause of wire vibration is insufficient electrode wire tension, leading to wobbling during wire feeding. Furthermore, when the wire spool reverses direction, the electrode wire on the spool can easily loosen, and the rotation of the spool causes a sudden increase in the wire feed speed, exacerbating the wire vibration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings, this invention provides a wire EDM machine that can reduce wire vibration and ensure the machining accuracy of the electrode wire.

[0005] This invention protects a wire EDM machine, which includes a base and a wire feeding assembly and a worktable disposed on the base, wherein a workpiece to be processed is disposed on the worktable; The wire feeding assembly includes a wire storage drum, an electrode wire, a first extension member, and a second extension member. The first extension member and the second extension member are arranged in parallel and are located on the upper and lower sides of the workpiece. Part of the electrode wire is wound around the wire storage drum, and the remaining part of the electrode wire can act on the workpiece after being limited by the first extension member and the second extension member. The first protruding member includes a stabilizing member that abuts against the electrode wire. The stabilizing member can buffer the electrode wire and decelerate the electrode wire when it accelerates instantaneously, thereby reducing the wire vibration of the electrode wire.

[0006] Furthermore, the first protruding member includes a first plate, on which a first stabilizing wheel is rotatably disposed, and the stabilizing member is the first stabilizing wheel; The outer peripheral surface of the first stabilizing wheel is provided with a groove, and the surface of the groove is provided with an elastic layer, which can absorb part of the wire vibration of the electrode wire.

[0007] Furthermore, the elastic layer is made of perfluoroether rubber or 60NiTi alloy.

[0008] Furthermore, the first stabilizing wheel has a moving part inside, which can move radially. When the rotational speed of the first stabilizing wheel increases, the moving part moves away from the center of the first stabilizing wheel.

[0009] Furthermore, the first stabilizing wheel has a plurality of cavities uniformly arranged inside, each cavity is arranged radially, and a slider is provided inside the cavity. One end of the slider is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the cavity by a spring. The moving component is the slider.

[0010] Furthermore, the first plate includes a first auxiliary wheel, which is disposed between the first stabilizing wheel and the workpiece; The first auxiliary wheel can help reduce the vibration of the electrode wire.

[0011] Furthermore, the first auxiliary wheel includes a first disc, a cleaning block, and a second disc arranged sequentially in a vertical direction; The cleaning block has a central hole through which the electrode wire can pass. A flexible brush is provided on the wall of the central hole, and the flexible brush abuts against the side wall of the electrode wire.

[0012] Furthermore, the first disk also has a central hole through which the electrode wire passes; Two permanent magnets are symmetrically arranged inside the first disk. The two permanent magnets are distributed on both sides of the electrode wire and there is a magnetic field between the two permanent magnets. When the electrode wire vibrates, it can cut the magnetic field lines and the generated Ampere force can reduce the vibration of the electrode wire. The second disk has the same structure as the first disk, but the direction of the magnetic field in the second disk is different from that in the first disk.

[0013] Furthermore, the first disk is provided with a spiral channel, which can discharge metal shavings from the central hole of the first disk.

[0014] Furthermore, the second protruding member includes a second plate, on which a second stabilizing wheel and a second auxiliary wheel are provided, the second auxiliary wheel being close to the workpiece; The second stabilizing wheel has the same structure as the first stabilizing wheel; The second auxiliary wheel has the same structure as the first auxiliary wheel.

[0015] Beneficial Effects: By incorporating a stabilizing component, this invention buffers the electrode wire during radial vibration, effectively reducing vibration and suppressing it. Simultaneously, when the electrode wire accelerates instantaneously, the stabilizing component decelerates it, preventing wire breakage due to sudden acceleration and preventing excessively high-speed vibrations, thus effectively reducing vibration. This invention controls wire vibration from two angles: preventing its occurrence and buffering existing vibrations, effectively improving machining accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] in: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the wire cutting machine at the first angle in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the wire cutting machine at the second angle in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the wire cutting machine at the third angle in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a wire cutting machine according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of part A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the first stabilizing wheel in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the first auxiliary wheel in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cleaning block in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first disk in one embodiment of the present invention; In the figure, 1 is the wire feeding assembly; 11 is the wire storage cylinder; 12 is the electrode wire; 13 is the first extension piece; 131 is the first plate; 132 is the first guide wheel; 133 is the first stabilizing wheel; 1331 is the groove; 1332 is the cavity; 1333 is the spring; and 1334 is the slider. 134. First auxiliary wheel; 1341. First disc; 13411. Spiral channel; 13412. Permanent magnet; 1342. Cleaning block; 13421. Flexible brush; 1343. Second disc; 1344. Fixing sleeve; 14. Second protruding part; 141. Second plate; 142. Second guide wheel; 143. Second stabilizing wheel; 144. Second auxiliary wheel; 2. Worktable; 21. First movable stage; 211. First slide rail; 212. First table surface; 213. First adjusting shaft; 22. Second movable stage; 221. Second slide rail; 222. Second table surface; 223. Second adjusting shaft; 3. Base; 4. Workpiece. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] This invention protects a wire EDM machine, which includes a base 3, a wire feeding assembly 1 and a worktable 2 disposed on the base 3, and a workpiece 4 to be processed disposed on the worktable 2.

[0020] The wire feeding assembly 1 includes a wire storage cylinder 11, an electrode wire 12, a first protrusion 13 and a second protrusion 14. The first protrusion 13 and the second protrusion 14 are arranged in parallel and on the upper and lower sides of the workpiece 4. The first protrusion 13 can move in the vertical direction to adapt to workpieces 4 of different heights or thicknesses.

[0021] The electrode wire 12 is partially wound on the wire storage cylinder 11, and the remaining part of the electrode wire 12 can act on the workpiece 4 after being limited by the first protrusion 13 and the second protrusion 14.

[0022] The first protruding member 13 includes a stabilizing member that abuts against the electrode wire 12. The stabilizing member can buffer the electrode wire 12 and decelerate the electrode wire 12 when it accelerates instantaneously, so as to reduce the wire vibration of the electrode wire 12.

[0023] When electrode wire 12 vibrates, the main vibration direction is radial. Since electrode wire 12 acting on workpiece 4 is usually vertically positioned, the vibration direction of this section of electrode wire 12 is mainly horizontal; the instantaneous acceleration direction of this section of electrode wire 12 is vertical. Therefore, for ease of description, the horizontal and radial directions of electrode wire 12 refer to the same direction, and the vertical and axial directions of electrode wire 12 refer to the same direction. This invention, by incorporating a stabilizing component, can buffer the electrode wire 12 during radial vibration to reduce vibration and effectively suppress wire vibration. Simultaneously, when electrode wire 12 accelerates instantaneously, the stabilizing component can decelerate it, preventing wire breakage due to instantaneous acceleration and preventing excessively high speeds that could cause severe vibration, thus effectively reducing wire vibration. This invention controls wire vibration from two angles: preventing its occurrence and buffering existing vibration, effectively improving machining accuracy.

[0024] In one specific embodiment, the first protruding member 13 includes a first plate 131, on which a first guide wheel 132 and a first stabilizing wheel 133 are rotatably disposed, and the stabilizing member is the first stabilizing wheel 133.

[0025] The outer peripheral surface of the first stabilizing wheel 133 has grooves 1331, and the surface of the grooves 1331 has an elastic layer that can absorb part of the wire vibration of the electrode wire 12. The elastic layer is relatively thick and also has high-temperature resistance. Depending on the actual needs, it can be configured as a multi-layer structure, for example, with a surface layer of multiple high-temperature resistant and heat-insulating silicon nitride ceramics, and each silicon nitride ceramic having a spring or rubber at the bottom to provide elasticity. Alternatively, it can be configured as a single-layer structure, for example, by directly selecting perfluoroether rubber. Perfluoroether rubber itself is elastic and has a long-term operating temperature above 300℃, making it suitable for the electrode wire 12. 60NiTi alloy can also be selected. After undergoing significant deformation, 60NiTi alloy can almost completely recover its original shape, and its recoverable strain is much greater than that of ordinary metals. The high-temperature resistance of 60NiTi alloy is approximately 540℃. Since 60NiTi alloy is a metal, its surface friction is low. In practical applications, the surface of 60NiTi alloy can be roughened or coated with a high-temperature and corrosion-resistant coating.

[0026] In this embodiment, the groove 1331 is provided, which can limit the electrode wire 12 to a certain extent and reduce wire vibration. By providing an elastic layer on the surface of the groove 1331, multiple sides of the electrode wire 12 can be blocked in the horizontal direction, reducing the horizontal vibration of the electrode wire 12. In this way, when the electrode wire 12 vibrates in the horizontal direction, the elastic layer can effectively buffer and consume the energy of the vibration, allowing the electrode wire 12 to return to a stable state as quickly as possible. In addition, the elastic layer is relatively thick, and when the electrode wire 12 has a large instantaneous speed in the vertical direction, it can also compress the elastic layer to deform it, which can prevent the electrode wire 12 from vibrating too much in the vertical direction and causing stronger vibrations.

[0027] In one specific embodiment, a movable component is provided inside the first stabilizing wheel 133. This movable component is capable of radial movement. As the rotational speed of the first stabilizing wheel 133 increases, the movable component moves away from the center of the first stabilizing wheel 133. Specifically, within the normal rotational speed range of the first stabilizing wheel 133, the movable component does not move. Only when the rotational speed exceeds the normal range does the movable component move further away from the center of the first stabilizing wheel 133 as the rotational speed increases. When the rotational speed of the first stabilizing wheel 133 decreases, the movable component returns to its position closer to the center of the first stabilizing wheel 133. The overall radius of the first stabilizing wheel 133 remains constant during rotation; only the distance between the movable component and the center of the first stabilizing wheel 133 changes. The movable component can be considered as a point mass, and its moment of inertia can be calculated using the formula: I = mr², where m is the mass of the movable component and r is the distance from the movable component to the center of the first stabilizing wheel 133. According to the formula, when the movable component moves away from the center of the first stabilizing wheel 133, the moment of inertia of the movable component increases, meaning the overall moment of inertia of the first stabilizing wheel 133 increases.

[0028] In this embodiment, by setting up a moving component, when the vertical speed of the electrode wire 12 increases instantaneously, the electrode wire 12 will drive the first stabilizing wheel 133 to rotate at a higher speed. At this time, the moving component will move away from the center of the first stabilizing wheel 133, increasing the moment of inertia of the first stabilizing wheel 133. Thus, the rotational speed of the first stabilizing wheel 133 will not increase significantly, and may even decrease, effectively controlling the vertical speed of the electrode wire 12 and preventing greater wire vibration. The moving component can be adjusted instantaneously according to the rotational speed of the first stabilizing wheel 133, and the adjustment speed is fast.

[0029] In one specific embodiment, the first stabilizing wheel 133 has a plurality of uniformly arranged cavities 1332 inside, each cavity 1332 being arranged radially. A slider 1334 is provided within each cavity 1332, and one end of the slider 1334 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the cavity 1332 by a spring 1333. The slider 1334 is the moving component. The bottom wall of the cavity 1332 is located near the center of the first stabilizing wheel 133 or near the edge of the first stabilizing wheel 133. The spring 1333 is provided to allow the slider 1334 to return to its original position. The slider 1334 is the moving component.

[0030] In one specific embodiment, the first plate 131 includes a first auxiliary wheel 134, which is disposed between the first stabilizing wheel 133 and the workpiece 4. The first guide wheel 132, the first stabilizing wheel 133, and the first auxiliary wheel 134 are on the same vertical line. The first auxiliary wheel 134 can help reduce the vibration of the electrode wire 12. The first auxiliary wheel 134 can have the same structure as the first stabilizing wheel 133 to further increase the running stability of the electrode wire 12; alternatively, the structure of the first auxiliary wheel 134 can differ from that of the first stabilizing wheel 133, using a conventional structure to prevent wire vibration.

[0031] In one specific embodiment, the first auxiliary wheel 134 includes a first disc 1341, a cleaning block 1342, and a second disc 1343 arranged sequentially in a vertical direction. The cleaning block 1342 is preferably made of iron. The cleaning block 1342 has a central hole through which the electrode wire 12 can pass. A flexible brush 13421 is provided on the wall of the central hole, and the flexible brush 13421 abuts against the side wall of the electrode wire 12. The flexible brush 13421 is preferably made of copper, and the root of the flexible brush 13421 is insulated to prevent it from affecting the electrode wire 12.

[0032] This embodiment utilizes a flexible brush 13421, which serves two purposes. First, it reduces vibration. The flexible brush 13421 fully encloses the side of the electrode wire 12, buffering any radial vibration and mitigating the issue, thus overcoming the limitation of the first stabilizing wheel 133 in its inability to reduce vibration in certain horizontal directions. Second, it cleans. The flexible brush 13421 removes metal shavings from the surface of the electrode wire 12, preventing them from entering other guide wheels and causing the electrode wire 12 to bounce and vibrate. Being closer to the workpiece 4, the flexible brush 13421 cleans the electrode wire 12 as soon as it has just been cut, preventing metal shavings from affecting other components.

[0033] In one specific embodiment, the first disk 1341 also has a central hole through which the electrode wire 12 passes; two permanent magnets 13412 are symmetrically arranged inside the first disk 1341, distributed on both sides of the electrode wire 12, and a magnetic field exists between the two permanent magnets 13412. When the electrode wire 12 vibrates, it can cut magnetic field lines, and the generated Ampere force can reduce the vibration of the electrode wire 12; the second disk 1343 has the same structure as the first disk 1341, but the direction of the magnetic field in the second disk 1343 is different from that in the first disk 1341. Specifically, the direction of the magnetic field in the second disk 1343 is perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic field in the first disk 1341.

[0034] Since the electrode wire 12 can be considered a closed coil, and the commonly used electrode wire 12 is made of copper, this embodiment uses two permanent magnets 13412. When the electrode wire 12 vibrates horizontally and cuts the magnetic field lines in the magnetic field generated by the two permanent magnets 13412, an induced current is generated. According to Lenz's law, the magnetic field of the induced current in the electrode wire 12 will impede its movement, thereby consuming the energy of the wire vibration and effectively reducing the amplitude of the vibration. By making the magnetic field of the second disk 1343 perpendicular to the magnetic field of the first disk 1341, the horizontal vibration of the electrode wire 12 will generate an induced current, thus suppressing the wire vibration. By using a cleaning block 1342 made of iron, the first disk 1341 and the second disk 1343 can be isolated, preventing the magnetic fields between them from interfering with each other.

[0035] In one specific embodiment, the first disk 1341 is provided with a spiral channel 13411, which can discharge metal shavings from the central hole of the first disk 1341. By providing the spiral channel 13411, metal shavings in the central hole of the first disk 1341 can be collected and discharged, preventing metal shavings from accumulating on the flexible brush 13421.

[0036] In one specific embodiment, the first auxiliary wheel 134 further includes a fixing sleeve 1344, which is detachably fitted onto the outside of the first disc 1341, the cleaning block 1342, and the second disc 1343 to fix the three components. The detachable design facilitates adjustment of the positions of the three components and also facilitates cleaning of the cleaning block 1342.

[0037] In one specific embodiment, the second protruding member 14 includes a second plate 141, on which a second guide wheel 142 and a second stabilizing wheel 143 are rotatably disposed, and a second auxiliary wheel 144 is fixedly disposed on the second plate 141, with the second auxiliary wheel 144 close to the workpiece 4; the second auxiliary wheel 144, the second stabilizing wheel 143 and the second guide wheel 142 are arranged sequentially on the same vertical line, with the second auxiliary wheel 144 close to the workpiece 4.

[0038] The second stabilizing wheel 143 has the same structure as the first stabilizing wheel 133; the second auxiliary wheel 144 has the same structure as the first auxiliary wheel 134.

[0039] By setting the first auxiliary wheel 134 and the second auxiliary wheel 144 on both sides of the workpiece 4 respectively, no matter which direction the electrode wire 12 moves, the first auxiliary wheel 134 or the second auxiliary wheel 144 will be the first to come into contact after cutting the workpiece 4. This can effectively remove metal chips from the surface of the electrode wire 12 and prevent the influence of metal chips.

[0040] In one specific embodiment, the worktable 2 includes a first movable stage 21 and a second movable stage 22 disposed on the first movable stage 21. Both are capable of moving in the horizontal direction.

[0041] The first movable stage 21 includes a first slide rail 211 and a first adjusting shaft 213. The first slide rail 211 is fixed on the base 3, and a first platform 212 is provided on the first slide rail 211. The first platform 212 can slide on the first slide rail 211. The first adjusting shaft 213 can adjust the moving distance of the first platform 212 on the first slide rail 211.

[0042] The second moving stage 22 includes a second slide rail 221 and a second adjusting shaft 223. The second slide rail 221 is fixed on the first table surface 212, and a second table surface 222 is provided on the second slide rail 221. The second table surface 222 can slide on the second slide rail 221, and the second adjusting shaft 223 can adjust the moving distance of the second table surface 222. The straight line containing the first slide rail 211 is perpendicular to the straight line containing the second slide rail 221. The workpiece 4 is placed on the second table surface 222.

[0043] This embodiment, by setting a first moving stage 21 and a second moving stage 22, can adjust the moving direction to adapt to the processing requirements of different shapes of workpiece 4.

[0044] The above description discloses only preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent variations made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wire cutting machine, characterized in that, Includes a base (3) and a wire feeding assembly (1) and a worktable (2) disposed on the base (3), wherein a workpiece (4) to be processed is disposed on the worktable (2); The wire feeding assembly (1) includes a wire storage cylinder (11), an electrode wire (12), a first extension (13) and a second extension (14). The first extension (13) and the second extension (14) are arranged in parallel and are located on the upper and lower sides of the workpiece (4). Part of the electrode wire (12) is wound around the wire storage cylinder (11). The remaining part of the electrode wire (12) can act on the workpiece (4) after being limited by the first extension (13) and the second extension (14). The first protruding member (13) includes a stabilizing member that abuts against the electrode wire (12). The stabilizing member can buffer the electrode wire and decelerate the electrode wire (12) when it accelerates instantaneously, so as to reduce the wire vibration of the electrode wire (12). The first protruding member (13) includes a first plate (131), and a first stabilizing wheel (133) is rotatably disposed on the first plate (131). The stabilizing member is the first stabilizing wheel (133). The outer peripheral surface of the first stabilizing wheel (133) is provided with a groove (1331), and the surface of the groove (1331) is provided with an elastic layer, which can absorb part of the wire vibration of the electrode wire (12). The first stabilizing wheel (133) has a moving part inside, which can move radially. When the rotational speed of the first stabilizing wheel (133) increases, the moving part moves away from the center of the first stabilizing wheel (133).

2. The wire cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic layer is made of perfluoroether rubber or 60NiTi alloy.

3. The wire cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first stabilizing wheel (133) has a plurality of cavities (1332) evenly arranged inside. Each cavity (1332) is arranged radially. A slider (1334) is provided inside the cavity (1332). One end of the slider (1334) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the cavity (1332) by a spring (1333). The moving part is the slider (1334).

4. The wire cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first plate (131) includes a first auxiliary wheel (134), which is disposed between the first stabilizing wheel (133) and the workpiece (4); The first auxiliary wheel (134) can help reduce the vibration of the electrode wire (12).

5. The wire cutting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first auxiliary wheel (134) includes a first disc (1341), a cleaning block (1342), and a second disc (1343) arranged sequentially in the vertical direction. The cleaning block (1342) has a central hole through which the electrode wire (12) can pass. A flexible brush (13421) is provided on the wall of the central hole, and the flexible brush (13421) abuts against the side wall of the electrode wire (12).

6. The wire cutting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first disk (1341) also has a central hole through which the electrode wire (12) passes; Two permanent magnets (13412) are symmetrically arranged inside the first disk (1341). The two permanent magnets (13412) are distributed on both sides of the electrode wire (12). There is a magnetic field between the two permanent magnets (13412). When the electrode wire (12) vibrates, it can cut the magnetic field lines. The Ampere force generated can reduce the vibration of the electrode wire (12). The second disk (1343) has the same structure as the first disk (1341), but the magnetic field direction in the second disk (1343) is different from that in the first disk (1341).

7. The wire cutting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first disk (1341) is provided with a spiral channel (13411), which can discharge metal shavings from the central hole of the first disk (1341).

8. The wire cutting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second protruding member (14) includes a second plate (141), on which a second stabilizing wheel (143) and a second auxiliary wheel (144) are provided, and the second auxiliary wheel (144) is close to the workpiece (4). The second stabilizing wheel (143) has the same structure as the first stabilizing wheel (133); The second auxiliary wheel (144) has the same structure as the first auxiliary wheel (134).

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