Special microbial compound fertilizer for jerusalem artichoke and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a special microbial compound fertilizer for jerusalem artichoke and a preparation method thereof. The special microbial compound fertilizer for jerusalem artichoke comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-85 parts of organic fertilizer, 3-5 parts of beneficial microbial agent, 4-6 parts of nitrogen fertilizer, 4-5 parts of phosphate fertilizer and 3-8 parts of potash fertilizer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: premixing an organic fertilizer, a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphorus fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer to obtain a premixed base material; and adding a beneficial microbial agent into the premixed base material, and mixing to obtain the special microbial compound fertilizer for jerusalem artichoke. The invention aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the fertilizer for planting jerusalem artichoke is unbalanced in nutrient, the product safety is influenced by excessive application easily caused by self proportioning of chemical fertilizer by farmers, and the fertilizer efficiency is poor due to neglect of soil micro-ecological improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural technology, specifically relating to a microbial compound fertilizer for Jerusalem artichoke and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Jerusalem artichoke is a crop with significant economic and nutritional value, and its high-yield and high-quality cultivation has specific fertilizer requirements. In the conventional cultivation of Jerusalem artichoke, organic fertilizers are usually applied in combination with chemical fertilizers. For example, organic fertilizers are applied to improve the soil and provide basic nutrients, while chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are supplemented to meet its macronutrient needs for growth.

[0003] However, existing fertilization methods have some shortcomings. First, commercially available organic fertilizers have relatively low nutrient content, making it difficult to meet the nutritional needs of Jerusalem artichokes throughout their entire growth cycle. Second, if growers apply chemical fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium themselves, the lack of professional knowledge of proportions and precise measurement methods can easily lead to excessive application of certain elements. This not only damages the soil structure and causes soil compaction but may also cause excessive levels of substances such as nitrates in Jerusalem artichoke products, thus affecting their quality and food safety. Furthermore, most existing fertilization schemes neglect the improvement of the soil's microecological environment. Long-term use of chemical fertilizers alone can also inhibit the activity of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, reducing the overall absorption and utilization rate of fertilizers, thereby affecting the healthy growth and stress resistance of Jerusalem artichokes.

[0004] Therefore, based on this, the technical solution of the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a special microbial compound fertilizer for Jerusalem artichoke and its preparation method, aiming to solve the technical problems in the prior art, such as unbalanced nutrients in fertilizers used for Jerusalem artichoke planting, excessive application of chemical fertilizers by growers due to self-mixing, which affects product safety, and poor fertilizer efficiency due to neglect of soil micro-ecological improvement.

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a special microbial compound fertilizer for Jerusalem artichoke, which includes the following raw materials: organic fertilizer, beneficial microbial agents, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer.

[0007] Preferably, the Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-85 parts organic fertilizer, 3-5 parts beneficial microbial agent, 4-6 parts nitrogen fertilizer (calculated as pure nitrogen N), 4-5 parts phosphate fertilizer (calculated as P2O5), and 3-8 parts potassium fertilizer (calculated as K2O).

[0008] Preferably, the organic fertilizer is fermented chicken manure organic fertilizer; And / or, the organic fertilizer is granular with a particle size of 3-5 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the beneficial microbial agent is one or a combination of two or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and photosynthetic bacteria.

[0010] Preferably, the effective viable count of the beneficial microbial agent is not less than 2 × 10⁻⁶. 11 CFU / g.

[0011] Preferably, the nitrogen fertilizer includes one or a combination of two or more of urea, ammonium sulfate, and sodium nitrate.

[0012] Preferably, the phosphate fertilizer includes one or a combination of two of superphosphate and diammonium phosphate.

[0013] Preferably, the potassium fertilizer includes one or a combination of two of potassium sulfate and potassium chloride.

[0014] Based on the same technical concept, another aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a special microbial compound fertilizer for Jerusalem artichoke, wherein the preparation method is as follows: organic fertilizer, beneficial microbial agent, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are mixed together.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation method includes the following steps: (1) Organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are premixed to obtain premixed base material; (2) Add beneficial microbial agents to the premixed base material and mix to obtain the Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. Comprehensive and balanced nutrients with strong targeting: This invention scientifically combines organic matter, major nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements and beneficial microorganisms to form a fertilizer specially customized for the growth characteristics of Jerusalem artichoke. A single application can meet its main nutritional needs throughout its growth cycle, avoiding nutrient deficiencies.

[0017] 2. Ensure product safety and simplify fertilization management: By pre-mixing the fertilizer precisely, the problem of excessive chemical fertilizers that may be caused by growers applying fertilizers themselves is avoided from the source, which effectively ensures the quality and safety of Jerusalem artichoke agricultural products, while simplifying field management and saving labor costs.

[0018] 3. Improve soil microecology and increase fertilizer utilization: The beneficial microbial agents specially added in this invention can effectively improve the rhizosphere soil environment of Jerusalem artichoke, activate the nutrients fixed in the soil, improve the overall fertilizer absorption and utilization rate, enhance the disease resistance and stress resistance of Jerusalem artichoke, and promote healthy plant growth. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0020] Example 1 This embodiment provides a special microbial compound fertilizer for Jerusalem artichokes. The fertilizer formula has undergone extensive field trials and optimization, aiming to provide comprehensive, balanced, and efficient nutritional support throughout the entire growth cycle of Jerusalem artichokes. The fertilizer composition consists of five core functional components: organic fertilizer, beneficial microbial agents, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer. The synergistic effect of these five components not only meets the Jerusalem artichoke's needs for organic matter and macronutrients but also improves the soil microecological environment through microbial activity, enhancing nutrient bioavailability, thereby achieving multiple goals such as increased yield and quality, and ensuring agricultural product safety.

[0021] In this embodiment, the specific materials and proportions of each component were optimized. Specifically, the components and their weights of the Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer are as follows: 1. Organic Fertilizer: Select a high-quality commercially available granular organic fertilizer, comprising 85 kg of the formula. This granular organic fertilizer's physical form facilitates mechanized mixing and application, minimizes dust generation, and releases nutrients into the soil gradually. Its main function is to replenish the soil with abundant organic matter and humic acid, effectively improving soil compaction caused by long-term use of chemical fertilizers, enhancing soil aggregate structure, and improving soil water retention, fertilizer retention, and aeration. Furthermore, organic fertilizer itself contains various trace elements, providing a more comprehensive nutritional foundation for the healthy growth of Jerusalem artichokes.

[0022] 2. Beneficial Microbial Agent: A highly efficient Bacillus subtilis agent was selected, comprising 3 kg of the formulation. As a preferred embodiment, the selected Bacillus subtilis is a widely used beneficial microorganism with clearly defined functions in agricultural production. To ensure its significant biological effects in the finished fertilizer and after application to the soil, high activity is required for this agent, with an effective viable count of not less than 2 × 10⁻⁶. 11CFU / g. Such a high concentration of live bacteria ensures that a sufficient number of bacteria survive and rapidly colonize the rhizosphere of Jerusalem artichokes after mixing with other fertilizer components and competing with them in the soil environment. The main functions of Bacillus subtilis in soil include: First, it produces various enzymes, such as proteases and amylases, which can accelerate the decomposition and mineralization of organic fertilizers, converting large organic molecules into small molecule nutrients that plants can absorb; Second, it has a strong ability to solubilize phosphorus and potassium, and can secrete organic acids and other substances to activate the fixed ineffective phosphorus and potassium elements in the soil, converting them into soluble phosphates and potassium ions, thereby significantly improving the utilization rate of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers; Third, it forms a dominant bacterial community on the root surface, which inhibits the growth and reproduction of soil-borne pathogens through site competition and the production of antibacterial substances (such as subtilisin, lipopeptide compounds, etc.), effectively preventing the occurrence of diseases such as root rot and damping-off in Jerusalem artichoke; Fourth, its metabolites contain a variety of plant growth stimulants, such as indoleacetic acid and gibberellins, which can directly promote the elongation and development of Jerusalem artichoke roots and expand the nutrient absorption range.

[0023] 3. Nitrogen Fertilizer: Urea is chosen as the nitrogen source, accounting for 5 kg of the formula. Urea is a fast-acting nitrogen fertilizer with a high nitrogen content, typically around 46%, which can quickly provide sufficient nitrogen for the stem and leaf growth of Jerusalem artichoke, ensuring vigorous vegetative growth. To meet the 5 kg N requirement, the weight of urea to be added is 5 kg / 46% = 10.87 kg. 4. Phosphate Fertilizer: The weight of pure phosphorus (i.e., phosphorus pentoxide, P2O5) in the formula is 4 kg. In this embodiment, superphosphate can be used as the phosphate fertilizer source. Superphosphate is a commonly used water-soluble phosphate fertilizer with an available phosphorus content of approximately 12%-20%. To meet the requirement of 4 kg of pure phosphorus, the amount needs to be calculated based on the specific content of the selected superphosphate. For example, if superphosphate containing 16% available phosphorus is used, the weight of superphosphate to be added is 4 kg / 16% = 25 kg. Phosphorus is crucial for Jerusalem artichoke's energy metabolism, cell division, and tuber formation and enlargement.

[0024] 5. Potassium Fertilizer: The weight of pure potassium (i.e., potassium oxide, K₂O) in the formula is 3 kg. In this embodiment, potassium sulfate can be selected as the potassium fertilizer source. Potassium sulfate is a high-quality potassium fertilizer, containing approximately 50%-52% potassium oxide and free of chloride ions, making it particularly suitable for chlorine-sensitive crops (such as Jerusalem artichoke). To meet the requirement of 3 kg of pure potassium, the amount needs to be calculated based on the specific content of the selected potassium sulfate. For example, if potassium sulfate containing 50% potassium oxide is used, the required weight of potassium sulfate is 3 kg / 50% = 6 kg. Potassium promotes photosynthesis and the transport of photosynthetic products, playing a decisive role in increasing Jerusalem artichoke tuber yield and inulin content.

[0025] In summary, the preferred formulation provided in this embodiment comprises organic fertilizer (based on commercially available products), beneficial microbial inoculants (based on commercially available products), nitrogen fertilizer (based on urea), phosphate fertilizer (based on pure phosphorus P2O5), and potassium fertilizer (based on pure potassium K2O), with their weight ratio precisely controlled at 85:3:5:4:3. This ratio is a balanced formulation carefully designed to meet the nutritional requirements and target yield of Jerusalem artichoke.

[0026] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer. The method has a clear process, is simple to operate, and is suitable for large-scale production. Specifically, it includes the following steps: (1) Raw material preparation steps: According to the above formula, prepare the required quantities of granular organic fertilizer, highly active Bacillus subtilis powder, urea, superphosphate and potassium sulfate. Before putting them into production, the quality of each raw material must be inspected to ensure that they meet the relevant national or industry standards.

[0027] (2) Weighing and batching steps according to the predetermined ratio: Using a high-precision electronic scale or automatic batching system, accurately weigh 85 kg of granular organic fertilizer, 3 kg of Bacillus subtilis powder, 10.87 kg of urea (equivalent to 5 kg of pure nitrogen), 25 kg of superphosphate (equivalent to 4 kg of pure phosphorus), and 6 kg of potassium sulfate (equivalent to 3 kg of pure potassium). Accurate batching is a prerequisite for ensuring the accurate nutrient content and stable performance of the final product.

[0028] (3) Mixing Step: Put all the weighed raw materials into a large batching mixer or drum mixer. Start the mixing equipment and set the mixing time to 15-20 minutes. During the mixing process, the equipment uses mechanical force to make the different materials roll, shear, convection and diffuse fully until the components are uniformly distributed at both the macroscopic and microscopic levels. The sign of uniform mixing is that when a sample is taken from any position in the mixture, its color and texture are uniform, and there is no obvious material stratification, color difference or agglomeration.

[0029] (4) Finished Product Packaging and Warehousing: After mixing, the prepared Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer is conveyed to an automatic packaging machine through the discharge port for packaging. Moisture-proof and light-proof composite plastic woven bags are typically used for packaging, with each bag having a net weight of 25 kg or 40 kg, or other standard specifications. The packaging bag should clearly indicate the product name, nutrient content, application instructions, production date, and shelf life. After packaging, the finished product is transported to a cool, dry, and ventilated warehouse for storage, avoiding high temperatures and direct sunlight to maximize the activity of the microbial agent.

[0030] In practical applications, the fertilizer prepared in this embodiment is used as a base fertilizer and applied to the soil once before Jerusalem artichoke sowing. It can be applied by furrow or hole application, placing the fertilizer at the bottom of the sowing furrow or hole, then covering it with a thin layer of soil before sowing to avoid potential seedling burn from direct contact between the fertilizer and the seed. After application, the readily available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the fertilizer quickly meet the growth needs of the Jerusalem artichoke seedlings; organic matter begins to decompose slowly, continuously improving the soil; and Bacillus subtilis begins to multiply rapidly under suitable soil temperature and humidity conditions, forming a micro-ecological protective circle around the Jerusalem artichoke root system. This synergistic effect lasts throughout the entire growth period of the Jerusalem artichoke, ultimately resulting in robust plants, fewer diseases, higher tuber yields, and increased inulin content. Furthermore, the product fully meets the safety standards for green agricultural products.

[0031] Example 2 This embodiment aims to illustrate that the technical solution provided in this application has good universality. Its core lies in the scientific combination of five functional components: organic fertilizer, beneficial microbial agents, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer, rather than being limited to a few specific raw materials. By replacing the specific material sources, Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizers with similar functions and excellent effects can also be prepared.

[0032] In this embodiment, a Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer using different combinations of raw materials is provided. Its composition is as follows: 1. Organic Fertilizer: Fully decomposed and fermented chicken manure is selected as the source of organic fertilizer. Fermented chicken manure is a high-quality organic fertilizer source, with high organic matter content and relatively rich nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients. In this embodiment, it can be calculated as 80 parts by weight.

[0033] 2. Beneficial Microbial Agent: A compound microbial agent is selected, which is a combination of Bacillus licheniformis and photosynthetic bacteria. Bacillus licheniformis is also a highly efficient biocontrol and growth-promoting bacterium, with a mechanism of action similar to Bacillus subtilis, capable of producing various enzymes and antibiotics. Photosynthetic bacteria are a type of microorganism capable of photosynthesis. They can utilize harmful substances such as hydrogen sulfide in the soil, fix nitrogen, and synthesize various physiologically active substances such as amino acids and vitamins, playing a unique role in improving the soil environment and promoting plant growth. The combined use of these two bacteria can achieve complementary functions, enhancing adaptability to complex soil environments and overall effectiveness. In this embodiment, it can be calculated as 4 parts by weight.

[0034] 3. Nitrogen Fertilizer: Ammonium sulfate is selected as the nitrogen fertilizer source. Ammonium sulfate is a physiologically acidic fertilizer that provides both nitrogen and sulfur, making it suitable for crops that require sulfur and for alkaline soils. In this embodiment, it can be calculated as 6 parts by weight.

[0035] 4. Phosphate Fertilizer: Diammonium phosphate is selected as the phosphate fertilizer source. Diammonium phosphate is a high-concentration nitrogen-phosphorus binary compound fertilizer with good water solubility, providing both nitrogen and phosphorus elements simultaneously. In this embodiment, it can be calculated as 5 parts by weight.

[0036] 5. Potassium Fertilizer: Potassium chloride is selected as the potassium fertilizer source. Potassium chloride is the most widely used potassium fertilizer in production, with high potassium content and relatively low price. Although Jerusalem artichoke is sensitive to chloride ions, in areas with high cost control requirements or strong soil leaching, the appropriate use of potassium chloride is a feasible option. In this embodiment, it can be calculated as 5 parts by weight.

[0037] The preparation method of the fertilizer in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Example 1, and can be briefly described as follows: (1) Prepare the above-mentioned fermented chicken manure, Bacillus licheniformis and photosynthetic bacteria compound inoculant, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate and potassium chloride.

[0038] (2) Weigh according to a weight ratio of, for example, 80:4:6:5:5.

[0039] (3) Mixing. The mixing process can be slightly adjusted to better protect the microbial agent. For example, the four base materials of fermented chicken manure, ammonium sulfate, diammonium phosphate and potassium chloride can be put into the mixer for premixing. After stirring evenly, the compound microbial agent can be evenly sprinkled into the base materials and continue to be gently stirred for a short time, such as 5-10 minutes, to ensure that the microbial agent can be evenly attached to the surface of the fertilizer particles and reduce mechanical damage.

[0040] (4) Pack the finished product into warehouse.

[0041] The fertilizer prepared in this embodiment was applied to Jerusalem artichoke cultivation in sandy soil. Sandy soil has poor water and fertilizer retention capacity but good aeration. After applying this fertilizer, the large amount of organic matter provided by fermented chicken manure can effectively improve the structure of the sandy soil and enhance its water and fertilizer retention performance. The Bacillus licheniformis and photosynthetic bacteria in the compound microbial agent can quickly adapt to the aeration environment of the sandy soil and play their role, synergistically improving the utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. In particular, photosynthetic bacteria can play a unique role in light energy utilization and nitrogen fixation in the topsoil where sunlight is accessible. Practice has proven that applying the fertilizer of this embodiment can also achieve increased yield and improved quality of Jerusalem artichoke while ensuring the safety of agricultural products. Because the compound microbial agent contains strains with different characteristics, it may show a more significant and broad-spectrum inhibitory effect on specific types of soil-borne diseases, such as root rot caused by fungi.

[0042] Example 3 This embodiment illustrates the flexibility and adjustability of the technical solution of this application. The required ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients in Jerusalem artichokes change dynamically at different growth and development stages. The fertilizer formula provided in this application can be adaptively adjusted according to the specific growth stage requirements of Jerusalem artichokes or different soil fertility conditions to achieve more precise and efficient fertilization. This embodiment provides a high-potassium formula, particularly suitable for topdressing in the middle and late stages of Jerusalem artichoke growth, i.e., the tuber enlargement stage.

[0043] In this high-potassium formulation, the fertilizer composition also comprises five components: organic fertilizer, beneficial microbial agents, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer. The preferred material selection is similar to that of Example 1, but the weight ratio of each component has been adjusted to emphasize the role of potassium. The specific formulation is as follows: 1. Organic fertilizer: 80 kg of granular organic fertilizer.

[0044] 2. Beneficial microbial agents: 3 kg of Bacillus subtilis powder (effective viable count not less than 2 × 10⁻⁶) 11 CFU / g).

[0045] 3. Nitrogen fertilizer: 4 kg of pure nitrogen (N). If urea (containing 46% nitrogen) is used, the weight of urea to be added is approximately 4 kg / 46% ≈ 8.7 kg.

[0046] 4. Phosphate fertilizer: 5 kg of pure phosphorus (P2O5). If superphosphate (containing 16% P2O5) is used, the weight of superphosphate to be added is 5 kg / 16% = 31.25 kg.

[0047] 5. Potassium fertilizer: 8 kg of pure potassium (K2O). If potassium sulfate (containing 50% K2O) is used, then the weight of potassium sulfate to be added is 8 kg / 50% = 16 kg.

[0048] After precise calculation and conversion, a clear weight ratio can be obtained, namely, the organic fertilizer (based on commercially available products), the beneficial microbial agent (based on commercially available products), the nitrogen fertilizer (based on pure nitrogen N), the phosphate fertilizer (based on pure phosphorus P2O5), and the potassium fertilizer (based on pure potassium K2O), their weight ratio is 80:3:4:5:8.

[0049] The preparation method of this high-potassium fertilizer is the same as that in Example 1, namely: raw material preparation step, weighing and mixing according to a predetermined ratio step, mixing step, and finished product packaging and warehousing step.

[0050] The fertilizer prepared in this embodiment is mainly used as top dressing for Jerusalem artichokes. Application should be done in the mid-to-late growth stage of the Jerusalem artichoke, usually when the underground tubers begin to swell significantly. At this time, the plant's potassium requirement reaches its peak. Application methods include strip application or hole application. Make a trench at a certain distance from the plant roots (e.g., 10-15 cm), evenly scatter the fertilizer into the trench, then cover with soil and water appropriately to facilitate fertilizer dissolution and root absorption.

[0051] After applying this high-potassium fertilizer, the high proportion of potassium can be efficiently absorbed by the Jerusalem artichoke roots, playing a crucial physiological role. Potassium, as a "quality element," significantly enhances the photosynthetic intensity of Jerusalem artichoke plants and acts as an activator of various enzymes, promoting the synthesis and transport of carbohydrates. This efficiently transports organic matter, such as sugars produced during photosynthesis, to the tubers for accumulation and transformation. This directly leads to faster tuber enlargement and increased dry matter accumulation. Simultaneously, sufficient potassium nutrition also improves the plant's resistance to adverse conditions, such as drought and disease. Compared to applying a balanced formula, applying this high-potassium fertilizer in the later stages of growth results in larger average tuber weights, better marketable characteristics (such as shape regularity and skin smoothness), and a significantly increased content of inulin, the core economic component, in the harvested tubers, thus bringing higher economic benefits to growers.

[0052] Example 4 This embodiment demonstrates an optimized fertilizer preparation process, the core objective of which is to maximize the protection of the bioactivity of beneficial microbial agents, ensuring that they maintain a high survival rate and rapid colonization ability during the storage, transportation, and final application to the soil of the finished fertilizer. The activity of microorganisms is crucial to the efficacy of microbial fertilizers; any factors that may damage the microbial strains during production should be avoided as much as possible.

[0053] The fertilizer product formulation in this embodiment can be exactly the same as that in Example 1, that is, using granular organic fertilizer, Bacillus subtilis inoculant, urea, phosphate fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer in a weight ratio of 85:3:5:4:3. The innovation of this embodiment mainly lies in its preparation method.

[0054] This embodiment provides an optimized process for preparing a Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer. The optimized process employs a step-by-step mixing method, with the specific steps as follows: (1) Raw material preparation steps: Similar to the basic process, first prepare all the necessary raw materials, including 85 kg of granular organic fertilizer, 10.87 kg of urea, and phosphate and potassium fertilizers calculated according to the pure phosphorus and pure potassium content (e.g., 25 kg of superphosphate and 6 kg of potassium sulfate), as well as 3 kg of highly active Bacillus subtilis powder. In addition, a small amount (e.g., 1-2 kg) of wheat bran or corn flour is also needed as a protectant and carrier for the microbial agent.

[0055] (2) Base Material Premixing Step: This step is the first step in optimizing the process. The four non-microbial components (i.e., base materials) – granular organic fertilizer, urea, phosphate fertilizer, and potash fertilizer – are added to a drum mixer. The machine is started, and thorough premixing is carried out for approximately 10 minutes. This step yields a uniformly sized organic-inorganic premixed base material with homogeneous physical and chemical properties. Excluding microbial agents in this step avoids prolonged direct contact between the microorganisms and high concentrations of inorganic salts (chemical fertilizers), as well as damage from friction and compression during prolonged and vigorous mechanical stirring.

[0056] (3) Microbial agent treatment step: This step can be carried out in parallel with step (2). Dry premix 3 kg of Bacillus subtilis powder with 1-2 kg of pre-prepared wheat bran or corn flour. Wheat bran or corn flour, as a protectant and carrier, provides physical buffer for microorganisms with its loose and porous structure, reducing mechanical damage; at the same time, the small amount of nutrients it contains can also provide "food" for the microorganisms, which helps the microorganisms to recover and germinate quickly after being applied to the soil. Premixing the microbial agent with the carrier can also increase its volume, making it easier to add it more evenly to a large amount of substrate later.

[0057] (4) Layered addition and final mixing step: This is a crucial step in protecting microbial activity. The premixed substrate from step (2) is partially or completely removed from the mixer. Then, the substrate and the microbial agent mixture treated in step (3) are added back into the mixer using a layered addition method. Specifically, a layer of substrate is first laid at the bottom of the mixer, then a layer of microbial agent mixture is evenly sprinkled on top, followed by another layer of substrate, and then another layer of microbial agent, repeating this process until all materials are added. This layered addition method ensures that the microbial agent is macroscopically and evenly distributed before final mixing. Subsequently, the mixer is started for a low-speed, short-duration final gentle mixing, controlled within 3-5 minutes. Short-duration gentle mixing is sufficient to achieve microscopic uniformity of the layered materials, while minimizing physical damage to microbial spores or cells.

[0058] (5) Finished product packaging and warehousing steps: After final mixing, the finished product should be packaged and stored immediately. Rapid packaging can reduce the contact time between the finished product and air, prevent moisture absorption, and further protect the activity of microorganisms. Subsequent storage conditions are the same as in Example 1, i.e., placed in a cool, dry, and ventilated place.

[0059] By employing the optimized preparation process described in this embodiment, the microbial activity of the produced Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer is better protected. In subsequent field applications, this highly active fertilizer product exhibits faster fertilization effects. After being applied to the soil, Bacillus subtilis with a higher survival rate can germinate, multiply, and colonize in the Jerusalem artichoke rhizosphere more quickly, thus beginning to exert its biological functions such as phosphorus and potassium solubilization, growth promotion, and disease prevention earlier. This is particularly beneficial for the seedling growth of Jerusalem artichoke, significantly promoting early root development, improving seedling vigor, and enhancing resistance to adverse environments, laying a solid foundation for a bumper harvest throughout the growing season.

[0060] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A microbial compound fertilizer specifically for Jerusalem artichoke, characterized in that, It includes the following raw materials: organic fertilizer, beneficial microbial agents, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.

2. The Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-85 parts organic fertilizer, 3-5 parts beneficial microbial agents, 4-6 parts nitrogen fertilizer, 4-5 parts phosphate fertilizer and 3-8 parts potassium fertilizer.

3. The Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The organic fertilizer is fermented chicken manure organic fertilizer; And / or, the organic fertilizer is granular with a particle size of 3-5 mm.

4. The Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The beneficial microbial agent is one or a combination of two or more of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and photosynthetic bacteria.

5. The Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The effective viable bacteria count of the beneficial microbial agent is not less than 2 × 10⁻⁶. 11 CFU / g.

6. The Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The nitrogen fertilizer includes one or more of urea, ammonium sulfate, and sodium nitrate.

7. The Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The phosphate fertilizer includes one or a combination of two of superphosphate and diammonium phosphate.

8. The Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The potassium fertilizer includes one or a combination of two of potassium sulfate and potassium chloride.

9. The method for preparing the Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The preparation method is as follows: simply mix organic fertilizer, beneficial microbial agents, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.

10. The method for preparing the Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: (1) Organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are premixed to obtain premixed base material; (2) Add beneficial microbial agents to the premixed base material and mix to obtain the Jerusalem artichoke-specific microbial compound fertilizer.