Mining air volume monitoring and control system

Abstract

The invention discloses a mining air volume monitoring and control system, which relates to the technical field of coal mine safety ventilation and comprises a plurality of intrinsically safe sensors, at least one group of intrinsically safe control boxes, a controller and a power supply, the GQQ5 smoke sensor is connected with the sensor through a flame-retardant communication cable for a coal mine or in an infrared correlation mode to realize data convergence and instruction issuing, and the at least one intrinsic safety type base station is connected with a ground control center through a communication optical cable to support TCP / IP protocol transmission monitoring data. Dust concentration response is dynamically analyzed in combination with the wind speed change trend, linkage control over wind speed and dust concentration is achieved, the opening degree of an air door can be automatically adjusted or a spraying device can be controlled according to the dust raising trend, the underground dust treatment effect is effectively improved, and the method has the advantages of being high in practicability and improving the automation level of ventilation dispatching.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal mine safety ventilation, in particular to a mine air volume monitoring and control system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The working environment of coal mine underground is closed and complex, and the ventilation system is one of the key safeguards to ensure safety in production. The main functions of the ventilation system include providing fresh air to the underground, discharging harmful gases and dust, and adjusting the temperature and humidity of the underground, thereby preventing the occurrence of safety accidents such as gas accumulation, coal dust explosion, and poisoning suffocation. The existing coal mine ventilation system usually relies on manual inspection or simple wind speed sensors to obtain local wind speed information, and adjusts the ventilation through the opening and closing of air doors, the angle adjustment of air windows, and other methods. However, such systems generally have the following technical problems in actual application: Low air volume monitoring accuracy, unable to cover the entire mine channel structure: a single wind speed sensor cannot accurately reflect the real air volume distribution of different cross-section roadways, resulting in a large deviation between the actual effect of air door adjustment and the expected effect. Ventilation control means lags behind, slow response: most systems do not have real-time remote control capability and rely on manual adjustment of air doors and air windows, which is not conducive to timely response to local wind speed drop or gas accumulation in emergency situations. Weak dust concentration regulation mechanism: wind speed changes have a significant impact on dust transport, and the existing system lacks dynamic analysis and linkage control mechanism for the coupling relationship between wind speed and dust concentration, which easily leads to local dust raising or dust deposition. High concentration of system architecture, poor redundancy: some systems use centralized monitoring structure, and once the center fails, the entire ventilation control function will not work normally, lacking distributed deployment capability and master-slave switching mechanism. Limited data storage and analysis function: some old systems cannot archive and analyze long-term running data, and do not support comprehensive tracing of historical air volume, wind speed, dust concentration, and alarm events. Therefore, it is urgent to design a coal mine ventilation monitoring and control system that can realize underground multi-point wind speed monitoring, remote intelligent control of air doors and air windows, adaptive air volume adjustment of channel structure, coupling feedback regulation of wind speed and dust concentration, and support for dual-redundancy and multi-unit distributed deployment, to improve the automation level and operation safety of ventilation scheduling. SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a mine air volume monitoring and control system to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solution: a mine air volume monitoring and control system, comprising: Underground monitoring unit: A plurality of intrinsic safety sensors are arranged in each passage of the coal mine underground for collecting wind speed, air door opening and closing state, air window angle, temperature and humidity, smoke concentration and dust concentration data; At least one group of intrinsic safety control boxes are connected with the sensors through coal mine fire-retardant communication cable or infrared transmission mode to realize data aggregation and instruction issuing.

[0005] Data transmission unit: At least one intrinsic safety base station is connected with the ground control center through the communication optical cable and supports TCP / IP protocol transmission of monitoring data; The base station and the underground control box form a distributed network to ensure real-time data and anti-interference ability.

[0006] Ground control unit: The ventilation monitoring and control software system is deployed in the server of the control room on the well and has a host / standby dual-redundancy architecture, which automatically switches to the standby host when the main control equipment fails; The software system performs the following core functions: Dynamic air volume calculation: according to the wind speed, air door opening, air window angle and passage cross-sectional area, the actual air volume of each passage is corrected in real time; Dust cooperative regulation: after adjusting the air door or air window opening, the relationship between dust concentration and wind speed is continuously analyzed to identify the dust raising area or deposition area, and the opening is dynamically corrected or the spray dust reduction device is triggered; Human-computer interaction: real-time data visualization is provided through display terminals and touch screens, and air door regulation, parameter modification operations are managed based on multi-level permission authentication.

[0007] Emergency protection unit: The UPS backup power module provides at least 2 hours of emergency power for the underground sensors, control boxes, base stations and ground software system to meet the requirements of the coal mine safety regulations for the backup power of the ventilation system; The capacity of the UPS module is configured according to the total power consumption of the system and the demand for underground emergency ventilation time.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present application are: by arranging the GFC15D ultrasonic wind speed sensor, the GHJ360 angle sensor and the GFK60 air door state sensor, the real-time monitoring of the underground wind speed, air window angle and air door state can be realized, thereby providing multi-dimensional data support for air volume regulation and improving the accuracy and reliability of ventilation control; By introducing the passage cross-sectional area parameter in the system and combining with the wind speed sensor measurement value to dynamically calculate the passage air volume, self-adaptive regulation and control of the air volume under various passage structures are realized, and the problem that the traditional system cannot correct the air volume according to the differences in roadway structure is solved; By setting the GQQ5 smoke sensor, and combining the wind speed change trend dynamic analysis of dust concentration response, the linkage control of wind speed-dust concentration is realized, which can automatically adjust the damper opening or control the spray device according to the dust trend, effectively improving the underground dust control effect. By adopting the KT37-F1 intrinsically safe base station and the distributed control unit constructed by multiple KXH12(A) control boxes, the system supports up to 4 independent control units to operate cooperatively, has the modular deployment and expansion capability, and improves the adaptability and maintainability of the system in large mines. By setting the dual-redundancy structure, UPS backup power supply and power failure protection mechanism, the system can still operate stably for not less than 2 hours in the case of main control host failure or power failure, ensuring the continuity and safety of the ventilation monitoring and control process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0009] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application, and constitute a part of the specification, which together with the embodiments of the application, are used to explain the application, and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings: Figure 1 is the architecture connection diagram of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the application. Embodiment one:

[0011] The application provides a technical solution: the embodiment provides a ventilation monitoring and control system suitable for underground coal mines, which comprises underground sensors, control devices and central station software; specifically comprising: GFC15D intrinsically safe ultrasonic wind speed sensor for mines: for real-time monitoring of local wind speed; GFK60 mine air door opening and closing state sensor: detects the current opening and closing state of the air door; GHJ360 intrinsically safe angle sensor for mines: for measuring the angle opening of the air window or air door; GQQ5 intrinsically safe smoke sensor for mines: for monitoring the smoke concentration in the environment; GWSD50 / 100 intrinsically safe temperature and humidity sensor for mines: for obtaining local temperature and humidity information; GUH20F / GUR20 infrared emitter and infrared switch for mines: for passage or obstruction detection; All sensor signals are collected and summarized by KXH12(A) mine intrinsically safe control box; The control box is in communication connection with KT37-F1 mine intrinsically safe base station and is uploaded to the ground central station; The ground system runs on Windows 7 and above platforms and adopts special software KJ1918 ventilation monitoring system; The system supports remote display, storage and historical query of data such as wind speed, air door state, temperature and humidity in the ground control center, and can remotely control the DFH10 / 0.8 mine intrinsically safe electromagnetic valve in the underground to realize air door opening and closing operation; In this embodiment, the system is deployed in the roadway section of the main air inlet lane of a certain mine and the working face intersection. First, GFC15D mine intrinsically safe ultrasonic wind speed sensor is installed in the air flow channel to collect wind speed in real time. GFK60 mine air door opening and closing state sensor is installed on the air door structure to identify whether the air door is in the open or closed state. GHJ360 mine intrinsically safe angle sensor is arranged at the air window position to monitor the air window opening angle. In addition, GWSD50 / 100 mine temperature and humidity sensor and GQQ5 mine smoke sensor are installed in the local roadway environment for monitoring environmental temperature, humidity and smoke concentration, respectively. The sensor signals are uniformly collected and conditioned by KXH12(A) mine intrinsically safe control box, the control box is connected to KT37-F1 mine intrinsically safe base station through communication cable, and the signal is uploaded to the ground central station through optical cable. The ground system runs KJ1918 ventilation monitoring and control software, which has data visualization, alarm prompt and remote control functions. The operator can view the state of each sensor in the underground in real time through the software platform. If the detected air door is not closed or the wind speed is too low, the system can automatically issue an alarm prompt and allow the DFH10 / 0.8 mine electromagnetic valve to realize air door opening and closing action through remote control instruction. Embodiment two:

[0012] On the basis of embodiment one, the technical scheme of the present application is provided: in this embodiment, the cross-sectional area parameter is introduced to correct the wind speed on the basis of embodiment one, and the air volume distribution is adjusted according to the air door and air window position; Each channel is provided with GHJ360 mine intrinsically safe angle sensor for real-time feedback of the angle of air door and air window; The system software calculates the actual air volume of each channel according to the cross-sectional area of different channels and the wind speed value collected by GFC15D ultrasonic wind speed sensor; Communication and control are still uploaded through KXH12(A) control box and KT37-F1 base station; The actuator is a DFH10 / 0.8 electromagnetic valve, through which the opening and closing of the air door is controlled; The whole channel structure and the air door parameters are input into the system software, and participate in the air volume regulation strategy. This method realizes accurate matching and dynamic balance of the air volume of multiple air flow channels underground, and improves the overall ventilation efficiency. In this embodiment, the system is deployed at the intersection of multiple channels, facing the problem of coordinated ventilation of roadways with different cross-sectional sizes. To improve the accuracy of air volume regulation, the system pre-sets the cross-sectional area data of each channel while installing wind speed sensors. For example, in A channel, GFC15D ultrasonic wind speed sensor and GHJ360 angle sensor are arranged, the wind speed is 2.5 m / s, and the cross-sectional area is 8 m²; in B channel, the wind speed is 3.8 m / s, and the cross-sectional area is only 4 m²; the system calculates the air volume of the channels as 20 m³ / s and 15.2 m³ / s respectively according to the relationship between wind speed and cross-sectional area. If the air volume of each branch is required to be balanced, the system will automatically issue a regulation instruction to the B channel control box to control the DFH10 / 0.8 electromagnetic valve to adjust the angle of the air door or the air window to reduce the wind speed to achieve the required air volume. All regulation operations are executed by the ground central station according to sensor feedback in a closed loop, the system has the ability of simulation prediction and real-time correction, can continuously optimize the air volume distribution state, and ensures the stability and balance of air flow in each operation area of the mine. Embodiment three:

[0013] On the basis of embodiment one and embodiment two, the technical scheme of the present application is provided: in this embodiment, dust control is further included in the system regulation logic to realize coupled and linked control of wind speed-dust concentration. Each monitoring point is configured with GFC15D ultrasonic wind speed sensor and GQQ5 smoke sensor for detecting wind speed and dust suspension trend respectively. The dust concentration value and wind speed are uploaded to the central station in real time, and the dust trend before and after wind speed adjustment is judged by software. When the wind speed rises but the dust also rises, the system automatically controls the DFH10 / 0.8 electromagnetic valve to delay closing or open the spray device. The control instruction is issued by the KXH12(A) control box, and the data is returned through the KT37-F1 base station. In order to obtain more stable environmental data, GWSD50 / 100 temperature and humidity sensors and GUH20F / GUR20 infrared opposite-acting sensors can be deployed at key positions to judge the disturbance caused by personnel activities. This embodiment introduces a dust response feedback mechanism on the basis of wind speed regulation, effectively reducing the risk of local dust raising. In this embodiment, the system simultaneously deploys GFC15D wind speed sensors and GQQ5 smoke sensors at multiple air flow nodes, and extracts the coupling trend between wind speed changes and dust concentration through historical models and real-time analysis; For example, when the wind speed of the working area is adjusted from 2.0 m / s to 3.2 m / s, the system detects that the dust concentration rapidly rises from 0.6 mg / m³ to 1.1 mg / m³, exceeding the set limit value, and the system determines that the dust resuspension is caused by high wind speed, immediately starts the spray device for dust suppression, and controls the electromagnetic valve to appropriately reduce the air door opening degree to reduce the disturbance degree. If the dust concentration continues to rise, the system will issue an alarm to prompt the on-site personnel to strengthen dust cleaning operation or optimize the ventilation structure; Conversely, if the dust concentration does not decrease after the wind speed is reduced to 1.5 m / s, the system will determine that there is deposited dust in the area that can be blown by the airflow, and the wind speed is not enough to carry away the particles, and then the wind speed is increased and the spray device is combined for processing. During the whole process, the system realizes the coupling analysis between wind speed and dust—trend determination—response adjustment closed-loop control, which improves the real-time and intelligent level of mine dust control. Embodiment four:

[0014] On the basis of embodiments one, two and three, the technical scheme of the present application is provided: this embodiment provides a ventilation system architecture supporting the collaborative work of multiple independent control units for large mines; The system is composed of 1 central station and up to 4 independent control units; Each control unit is composed of 1 KT37-F1 base station and 2 KXH12(A) control boxes (A, B area); Each control box is connected to: GFC15D wind speed sensor; GHJ360 angle sensor; GFK60 air door state sensor; GQQ5 smoke sensor (B area); GWSD50 / 100 temperature and humidity sensor (A area); GUH20F / GUR20 infrared opposite-acting sensor; DFH10 / 0.8 electromagnetic valve; All base stations are connected through MGTSV optical cable, and the communication mode is full-duplex TCP / IP optical signal; The connection between the control boxes uses MHYV and MYQ flame-retardant communication cable, with a maximum distance of 100 m; The ground system uniformly coordinates the adjustment of the air door by each base station to realize overall air volume balancing; The system supports flexible expansion and is suitable for complex mine ventilation scenarios of multi-block, hierarchical and lane division.

[0015] It should be noted that the relational terms herein such as first and second and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but can also include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0016] Finally, it should be noted that the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will still be able to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacements to some technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A mine ventilation volume monitoring and control system, comprising: Several intrinsically safe sensors are deployed underground in coal mines to collect data on wind speed, damper opening and closing status, window angle, temperature and humidity, smoke concentration and dust concentration. At least one intrinsically safe control box is installed underground and electrically connected to the sensor; At least one intrinsically safe base station is used to collect the monitoring data collected by the control box and upload it to the ground control center; A ventilation monitoring and control software system set up in the surface control room monitors, judges and controls the ventilation status in the well in real time based on the sensor data; The system dynamically calculates the actual air volume of the corresponding channel based on wind speed, damper opening, window angle, and channel cross-sectional area, and adjusts the damper or window opening to control airflow distribution.

2. The mine ventilation volume monitoring and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation monitoring and control software is further used to correct the collected wind speed according to the cross-sectional area of ​​different channels to obtain the true air volume of each channel, thereby achieving balanced air volume control.

3. The mine ventilation monitoring and control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the ventilation monitoring and control software performs the operation of adjusting the opening of the damper or window, it continuously detects the change in dust concentration and judges the dust transport trend by combining the difference in wind speed before and after the adjustment, and dynamically corrects the opening of the damper or activates the spray dust suppression device.

4. The mine ventilation monitoring and control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The coordinated judgment of dust concentration and wind speed is used to identify dust-generating areas or dust-depositing areas that may appear after a local wind speed switch, serving as a basis for feedback adjustment of the ventilation structure.

5. A mine ventilation monitoring and control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ventilation monitoring and control software system adopts a dual-machine redundancy structure of main unit / backup unit, which can automatically switch to the backup main unit to maintain the continuity of system operation when the main control equipment fails.

6. A mine ventilation monitoring and control system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The system also includes a UPS backup power module, which provides emergency power to the intrinsically safe sensor, intrinsically safe control box, intrinsically safe base station and ventilation monitoring and control software system when the external power supply is interrupted; The capacity configuration of the UPS backup power module meets the requirements of the coal mine safety regulations for backup power supply of ventilation systems. In the event of a power outage, it can maintain full-function operation of the system for at least 2 hours to ensure continuous monitoring of underground ventilation data and emergency control of air doors / windows.

7. A mine ventilation monitoring and control system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The intrinsically safe control box is connected to the sensor via explosion-proof communication, and the downhole base station is connected to the ground control system via a wired communication network for data transmission.

8. A mine ventilation monitoring and control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The system also includes a human-computer interaction module and a permission management module, wherein: The human-machine interaction module includes a display terminal in the ground control room, a touch screen in the intrinsically safe control box underground, and an audible and visual alarm, used to display wind speed, air volume, dust concentration data, and equipment status in real time; The access control module is integrated into the ventilation monitoring and control software system. It distinguishes operation permissions through multi-level user authentication and records the modification logs of user's damper / window opening degree and sensor threshold parameters.

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