Shrimp seed breeding method for regulating and controlling water quality through microalgae and probiotics under specific illumination

Abstract

The invention discloses a shrimp seed breeding method for regulating and controlling water quality through microalgae and probiotics under specific illumination. According to the technical scheme, the shrimp seed breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps that firstly, a seedling breeding workshop is built; step 2, microalgae-probiotic culture: selecting microalgae and probiotic types beneficial to shrimp seedling culture, and culturing to obtain a microalgae solution and a probiotic solution; 3, seedling raising and putting preparation; step 4, putting shrimp larvae; step 5, putting of algae-probiotics; step 6, seedling culture illumination control; 7, feeding the young shrimps with bait; 8, monitoring and regulating water quality; and 9, evaluating the young shrimps out of the pond. According to the method, illumination is precisely controlled, the growth environment of microalgae and probiotics is optimized, and the synergistic effect of the microalgae and probiotics in the aspects of water purification, nutrition supply, disease prevention and control and the like is fully exerted, so that the water quality of penaeus vannamei larvae is improved, the survival rate and health condition of the penaeus vannamei larvae are improved, and the survival rate of penaeus vannamei larvae is increased. And a good foundation is laid for large-scale and high-efficiency culture of the penaeus vannamei.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to a method for regulating water quality of shrimp fry by microalgae and probiotics under specific light. BACKGROUND

[0002] Penaeus vannamei is an important farmed shrimp worldwide, and the water quality during its larval stage is crucial for the healthy growth, survival rate and later-stage breeding benefit of the shrimp fry. In the traditional process of breeding Penaeus vannamei, the problem of water quality occurs at any time. With the increase of feeding amount, a large amount of organic matter such as residual feed and feces will accumulate in the water, resulting in an increase in the concentration of harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water. This not only inhibits the growth of Penaeus vannamei, but also reduces its immunity and increases the risk of disease infection. At the same time, poor water quality is prone to cause excessive proliferation of harmful algae such as blue-green algae and dinoflagellates. The large-scale breeding of these algae will destroy the ecological balance of the water body and produce algal toxins, which seriously endanger the growth environment of Penaeus vannamei.

[0003] The current common water quality regulation methods have many limitations. Physical methods such as water change can dilute harmful substances to a certain extent, but frequent water change not only consumes a large amount of water resources, but also causes the shrimp fry to be lost when hanging on the net, and easily destroys the stability of the water environment, causing stress loss of the shrimp fry. Chemical methods such as using chemical disinfectants and water quality improvers can improve the water quality to a certain extent in a short time, but the harmful substances cannot be discharged in time, which potentially threatens the health of the shrimp fry, and long-term use will also destroy the ecological balance of the water body. Some existing biological regulation methods often have unsatisfactory effects and are difficult to achieve comprehensive, stable and long-term improvement of water quality.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing methods for regulating the water quality of shrimp fry. The applicant found in practice that microalgae and probiotics have great potential in water quality regulation in aquaculture. Microalgae can absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutrients and carbon dioxide in the water through photosynthesis, and then release oxygen, which helps to maintain the dissolved oxygen balance of the water body and reduce the concentration of harmful substances. At the same time, microalgae are also high-quality natural opening feed for shrimp fry, providing rich and comprehensive nutrition that can significantly promote the growth and development of shrimp fry. Probiotics can improve water quality and enhance the immunity of shrimp by decomposing organic matter and inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms. However, different types of microalgae and probiotics have different mechanisms and effects in water quality regulation, and their growth and function are influenced by many environmental factors, of which the most critical factor is light conditions. Therefore, it is of great practical significance and application value to develop a method for regulating the water quality of Penaeus vannamei fry by reasonably utilizing microalgae and probiotics in cooperation under specific light conditions. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a method for breeding shrimp fry by regulating water quality through microalgae and probiotics under specific light, which optimizes the growth environment of microalgae and probiotics by precisely controlling light, and fully utilizes their synergistic effects in water purification, nutrient supply, and disease prevention and control, thereby improving the water quality of Litopenaeus vannamei breeding, enhancing the survival rate and health status of shrimp fry, and laying a good foundation for the large-scale and efficient breeding of Litopenaeus vannamei.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solution: a method for breeding shrimp fry by regulating water quality through microalgae and probiotics under specific light, comprising the following steps: Step one, building a breeding workshop: a breeding workshop dedicated to breeding Litopenaeus vannamei is built, a uniformly laid light-transmitting plate is fixedly connected to the roof of the breeding workshop, and a sunshade device is arranged on the upper side of the light-transmitting plate, the breeding workshop is provided with a shrimp fry cultivation area and a microalgae-probiotic cultivation area matched with the shrimp fry cultivation area, the shrimp fry cultivation area is provided with a plurality of breeding ponds, each breeding pond is provided with a matched light sensor and a first LED lamp group, the first LED lamp group comprises a first blue light module, a first red light module and a UVA module, the microalgae-probiotic production area is provided with a plurality of microalgae culture barrels and a plurality of probiotic culture barrels, and the microalgae-probiotic production area is further provided with a temperature control device and a second LED lamp group matched with the microalgae culture barrels and the probiotic culture barrels, the second LED lamp group comprises a second red light module and a second blue light module for generating red light and blue light respectively, and the second LED lamp group and the first LED lamp group are both provided in a waterproof structure; Step two, microalgae-probiotic culture: select and culture microalgae and probiotic species beneficial to shrimp fry breeding, the species of microalgae are selected as Isochrysis galbana, Chaetoceros muelleri and Melosira parva, and the species of probiotics are selected as photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis, the selected Isochrysis galbana, Chaetoceros muelleri and Melosira parva are respectively inoculated into the microalgae culture barrels for culture to obtain microalgae liquid, and the selected photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis are respectively inoculated into the probiotic culture barrels for culture to obtain probiotic liquid; Step three, preparation for breeding and releasing: before breeding Litopenaeus vannamei, the breeding ponds are thoroughly cleaned and disinfected, the pond wall and the pond bottom are first washed with a high-pressure water gun to remove sundries and dirt, then soaked in a 20-30ppm effective chlorine bleaching powder solution for 2-3h, and then washed with clean water, finally, a proper amount of water for shrimp fry breeding is injected into the breeding pond, the initial water depth of the water for shrimp fry breeding in the breeding pond is controlled at 0.7-0.8m, the pH value is set at 8.2, and the water temperature is controlled at 30℃; Step four, releasing shrimp fry larvae: a proper number of shrimp fry larvae are uniformly released into the breeding pond, and the released shrimp fry are in the nauplius stage; Step five, algae-probiotics release: After the release of shrimp larvae, the algae liquid of chilomonas paramoecium is released, and when the shrimp larvae develop into the zoea larvae, the algae liquid of chilomonas paramoecium is released, and then when the shrimp larvae develop into the brine shrimp larvae, the algae liquid of chilomonas paramoecium is released, and the amount of each algae liquid is 50L, and the algae liquid needs to be evenly sprayed in the breeding pond when it is released; At the same time, after the release of each microalgae liquid, the bacterial liquid of photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis is synchronously released in order, and the amount of each bacterial liquid is 0.5L, and when the bacterial liquid is released, the bacterial liquid needs to be diluted with an appropriate amount of water and evenly sprayed in the whole pond. Step six, light control of breeding: In the first 3 days after the release of microalgae and probiotics, the light intensity of the breeding pond is controlled at 3000-5000lx, and the light cycle is set to 14h light and 10h darkness; After 3 days of microalgae and probiotics release, the light intensity and light cycle are adjusted according to the growth of microalgae and the transparency of water; If the microalgae in the breeding pond grow too fast and the water transparency decreases, the light intensity of the breeding pond is reduced to 3000-4000lx, and the light time is shortened, that is, the light cycle is set to 12h light and 12h darkness; If the microalgae in the breeding pond grow slowly, the light intensity of the breeding pond is increased to 6000-8000lx, and the light time is extended, that is, the light cycle is set to 16h light and 8h darkness; Step seven, shrimp feed feeding: When the shrimp larvae develop into zoea larvae, feed high-grade shrimp slices and No. 0 car meta and use 250-160 mesh to rub, feed 1-2g per cubic water; When the shrimp larvae develop into the second stage of zoea larvae, feed ice halocyprid and the feeding amount is 2-4 per shrimp; When the shrimp larvae develop into brine shrimp larvae, feed No. 2 shrimp slices and No. 0 car meta and use 120-100 mesh mesh cloth to rub, feed 2-3g per cubic water, and feed ice halocyprid and the feeding amount is 4-7 per shrimp; When the shrimp larvae develop into seed shrimp larvae, feed No. 5 shrimp slices and No. 1 car meta and use 80-40 mesh mesh cloth to rub, feed 3-5g per cubic water, and feed fresh ice halocyprid and the feeding amount is 8-20 per shrimp; Step eight, water quality monitoring and control: Monitor the water quality indexes in the breeding pond regularly every day, and adjust the corresponding parameters according to the monitoring results; Step nine, shrimp evaluation and out of pool: The survival rate, body length, body weight and other growth indexes of the shrimp are recorded and collected by sampling statistics, and whether the shrimp meets the out-of-pool judgment standard is judged according to the survival rate, body length, body weight and other growth indexes. If it meets the out-of-pool judgment standard, it is out of pool, otherwise it is continued to be cultured until it meets the out-of-pool judgment standard.

[0007] By adopting the technical scheme, the growth environment of the shrimp seedlings, microalgae and probiotics is optimized by controlling the light conditions, the synergistic effect of the microalgae and the probiotics in water purification, nutrient supply and disease prevention and control is fully exerted, and the water quality indexes in the shrimp seedling culture pond are monitored in a timely manner, so that the water quality of the water for shrimp seedling culture is improved, the survival rate and the health condition of the shrimp seedlings are improved, and a good foundation is laid for large-scale and efficient culture of Litopenaeus vannamei.

[0008] The application further provides that the light-transmitting plate is a polycarbonate hollow plate, the surface of the light-transmitting plate is provided with a UV coating and the light-transmitting rate of the light-transmitting plate is 70%, and the surface of the light-transmitting plate is attached with a prism refraction film; and the sunshade device is an electric folding PE sunshade net, and the light-transmitting rate of the sunshade net is 30-80%.

[0009] By adopting the technical scheme, the light-transmitting plate is a polycarbonate hollow plate, and the surface of the light-transmitting plate is attached with a prism refraction film, so that the light entering the workshop interior from the roof of the shrimp seedling workshop is scattered light, and the light in the shrimp seedling workshop is more uniform; and the sunshade net can automatically adjust the opening degree according to the outdoor light intensity.

[0010] The application further provides that the shrimp seedling pond is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic and is in a rectangular structure, a drainage port is arranged at a corner of the bottom of the shrimp seedling pond, the bottom of the shrimp seedling pond is obliquely arranged and the oblique drainage port is arranged on one side of the bottom of the shrimp seedling pond, the corners of the shrimp seedling pond are all rounded, a light-transmitting sensor and a first LED lamp group that are matched with each other are arranged on each shrimp seedling pond, and the first LED lamp group comprises a first blue light module, a first red light module and a UVA module that are matched with each other.

[0011] By adopting the technical scheme, the drainage port and the oblique arrangement at the bottom of the shrimp seedling pond can facilitate the discharge of dirt and prevent the accumulation of dirt at the bottom of the shrimp seedling pond, the corners of the shrimp seedling pond are all rounded, which can prevent the shrimp seedlings from gathering and being damaged, the light-transmitting sensor is used for detecting the light intensity in the shrimp seedling pond and adjusting the opening degree of the sunshade net in cooperation with the sunshade net, so as to control the light intensity in the shrimp seedling workshop, and the first LED lamp group is used for light supplement and irradiation of the shrimp seedling pond, so that the shrimp seedling pond is in a suitable light condition and the shrimp seedlings are cultivated.

[0012] The application further provides that in step two, the microalgae are cultured in the following manner: 1) When the culture of Aureococcus anophageic, f / 2 medium is used and prepared with natural seawater, the boiled and cooled medium is poured into the microalgae culture barrel, chlorine-containing disinfection tablets are used for disinfection treatment, and sodium thiosulfate is used to neutralize residual chlorine after disinfection, then the Aureococcus anophageic algae in the logarithmic growth phase are inoculated, the inoculation density is set to 1×104-3×104 cells / mL, the culture temperature is maintained at 18-25°C by the temperature control device, the light intensity is controlled at 5000-7000lx, the second LED lamp group generates light with a spectral wavelength of 450nm blue light and 660nm red light for irradiation, the light cycle is set to 16h light and 8h dark, and the air blower and air stone are used for oxygenation during the culture process to promote gas exchange and uniform distribution of nutrients. When the algal cell density of the microalgae algal solution reaches 1×106-2×106 cells / mL, the Aureococcus anophageic solution obtained can be used for subsequent stocking in the nursery pond. 2) When the culture of Chaetoceros muelleri, f / 2 medium is used and prepared with natural seawater, the boiled and cooled medium is poured into the microalgae culture barrel, chlorine-containing disinfection tablets are used for disinfection treatment, and sodium thiosulfate is used to neutralize residual chlorine after disinfection, then the Chaetoceros muelleri algae in the logarithmic growth phase are inoculated, the inoculation density is set to 2×104-4×104 cells / mL, the culture temperature is maintained at 18-25°C by the temperature control device, the light intensity is controlled at 3000-5000lx, the second LED lamp group generates light with a spectral wavelength of 470nm blue light for irradiation, the light cycle is set to 12h light and 12h dark, and the air blower and air stone are used for oxygenation during the culture process to promote gas exchange and uniform distribution of nutrients. When the algal cell density of the microalgae algal solution reaches 2×106-3×106 cells / mL, the Chaetoceros muelleri solution obtained can be used for subsequent stocking in the nursery pond. 3) When the culture of Melosira parva, a special medium for diatoms is used and prepared with natural seawater, the boiled and cooled medium is poured into the microalgae culture barrel, chlorine-containing disinfection tablets are used for disinfection treatment, and sodium thiosulfate is used to neutralize residual chlorine after disinfection, then the Melosira parva algae in the logarithmic growth phase are inoculated, the inoculation density is set to 1.5×104-3.5×104 cells / mL, the culture temperature is maintained at 20-25°C by the temperature control device, the light intensity is controlled at 5000-8000lx, the second LED lamp group generates light with a spectral wavelength of 450nm blue light and 630nm red light for irradiation, the light cycle is set to 14h light and 10h dark, and the air blower and air stone are used for oxygenation during the culture process to promote gas exchange and uniform distribution of nutrients. When the algal cell density of the microalgae algal solution reaches 1.5×106-2.5×106 cells / mL, the Melosira parva solution obtained can be used for subsequent stocking in the nursery pond.

[0013] By adopting the technical scheme, the parma-lion cell is rich in protein, polysaccharide and various unsaturated fatty acids, can efficiently absorb the nutrient salts such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, improve the water quality, is a high-quality opening bait for shrimp fry, and the slow moving speed is convenient for the shrimp fry to prey; the chateatococcus muelleri grows rapidly, has strong tolerance and conversion capacity to high-concentration ammonia nitrogen, can effectively reduce the ammonia nitrogen content in the water body, the chatea on the cell surface can increase the turbulence of the water body, is beneficial to the material exchange, and often exists in the form of single cell or a few cells to form a group, is suitable for the shrimp fry to feed; in addition, the small diatom has strong adaptability, can grow well under different salinity and temperature conditions, can utilize various nutrients in the water body, the cell wall is rich in silica, is helpful to the development of the shrimp fry skeleton, and the cell size is moderate, is one of the baits preferred by the shrimp fry.

[0014] The application is further provided as follows: in step two, the probiotic bacterial liquid is cultured in the following manner: 1) when the photosynthetic bacteria are cultured, a special culture medium for photosynthetic bacteria is used, 1 package of the culture medium is dissolved and poured into the probiotic bacterial culture barrel, then the barrel is filled with sand-filtered seawater, a chlorine-containing disinfection sheet is used for disinfection, and after disinfection, sodium thiosulfate is used to neutralize residual chlorine, then the photosynthetic bacterial strain is inoculated, the inoculation amount is 5-10% by volume, the culture temperature is maintained at 25-35 DEG C by the temperature control device, the light intensity is controlled at 10000-15000 lx, blue light with a spectrum wavelength of 470 nm and red light with a spectrum wavelength of 800 nm are used for irradiation, the light cycle is set to 14 h of light and 10 h of darkness, and the bacterial cells are stirred regularly during the culture process to ensure that the bacterial cells and the culture medium are in full contact, when the OD660 value of the probiotic bacterial liquid reaches 0.8-1.2, it indicates that the photosynthetic bacteria grow well, and the photosynthetic bacteria can be used for the shrimp fry pond. 2) when the bacillus subtilis is cultured, brown sugar is used for expansion fermentation, 2 pounds of brown sugar are dissolved and poured into the probiotic bacterial culture barrel, then the barrel is filled with sand-filtered seawater, a chlorine-containing disinfection sheet is used for disinfection, and after disinfection, sodium thiosulfate is used to neutralize residual chlorine, then the bacillus subtilis strain is inoculated, the inoculation amount is 3-5% by volume, the barrel opening is sealed with a preservative film, and the barrel is placed in a gas stone for aeration, the temperature is maintained at 25-35 DEG C by the temperature control device, and the fermentation is carried out for 24-48 h, when the concentration of the probiotic bacterial liquid reaches 1x109-2x109 CFU / mL, the bacillus subtilis can be used for the shrimp fry pond. 3) when Enterococcus faecalis is cultured, brown sugar is used for fermentation, 2 kg of brown sugar is dissolved and poured into the probiotic culture barrel, then the barrel is filled with sand-filtered seawater, a chlorine-containing disinfection sheet is used for disinfection treatment, and after disinfection, sodium thiosulfate is used for neutralizing residual chlorine, then Enterococcus faecalis is inoculated, the inoculation amount is 4-6% by volume, the barrel opening is sealed with plastic wrap after uniform stirring, the temperature is maintained at 25-35 DEG C by the temperature control equipment, under anaerobic conditions, culture is carried out for 24-48 h, when the probiotic bacterial liquid concentration reaches 1*109-1.5*109 CFU / mL, it can be used for the shrimp seedling pond.

[0015] By adopting the above technical scheme, the photosynthetic bacteria can grow and reproduce under anaerobic light or aerobic dark conditions by using small-molecule organic matter, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia nitrogen and the like in the water body as a nutrient source, thereby reducing the concentration of harmful substances in the water body, and meanwhile, the cells are rich in protein, vitamins and other nutritional ingredients, which can be used as an indirect bait for shrimp seedlings. Bacillus subtilis can produce various enzymes such as protease, amylase, lipase and the like, these enzymes can decompose macromolecular organic matter in the water body, and convert it into small-molecule substances, which are convenient for microalgae and other microorganisms to utilize, thereby playing a role in purifying water quality, and it can produce some antibacterial substances during the growth process, which can inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria; Enterococcus faecalis can regulate the microecological balance of the water body and enhance the immunity of the shrimp, and it can produce organic acids such as lactic acid and the like during the metabolic process, thereby reducing the pH value of the water body, inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms, and also synthesizing various vitamins and amino acids to provide nutrition for the shrimp.

[0016] The present application is further provided that: in step three, the water used for temporary storage and transfer is injected into the pool by injecting seawater treated by precipitation and sand filtration, the salinity of the seawater is set to 25-35‰, then 20ppm bleaching powder is used to disinfect the seawater in the treatment pool for 2 hours, and an appropriate amount of sodium thiosulfate is sprayed to neutralize residual chlorine, then 10g / m3 of EDTA disodium salt is sprayed, and finally the shrimp seedling water is obtained after gas stopping and precipitation.

[0017] By adopting the above technical scheme, the shrimp seedling water is convenient for shrimp seedling cultivation.

[0018] The present application is further provided that: in step six, the UVA module in the first LED lamp group generates ultraviolet rays to irradiate the shrimp seedling pool during 05:00-07:00 every day; during 08:00-18:00 every day, the light in the shrimp seedling pool is mainly natural light from the roof, and the light intensity in the shrimp seedling workshop is dynamically adjusted by the light sensor and the sunshade net, if the light intensity is weak such as on a rainy day, the natural light is supplemented by the first LED lamp group to achieve the appropriate light intensity of the shrimp seedling pool; during 19:00-22:00 every day, the red light generated by the red light module in the LED lamp group is used to supplement the light of the shrimp seedling pool.

[0019] By adopting the technical scheme, the UVA module generates ultraviolet rays to irradiate the shrimp seedling pond to promote the feeding activity of the shrimp seedlings, enhance the immunity of the shrimp seedlings, and inhibit the reproduction of Vibrio in the shrimp seedling pond, so that the suitable light intensity of the shrimp seedling pond is achieved through light supplementing, the growth and development of the shrimp seedlings in the shrimp seedling pond are promoted, and the red light generated by the red light module supplements the light of the shrimp seedling pond to stimulate the microalgae in the shrimp seedling pond to divide and develop at night.

[0020] The water quality indexes include water temperature, salinity, pH value, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen content and nitrite content, the water temperature, salinity, pH value and dissolved oxygen in the water quality indexes are measured by a WTW3410 multi-parameter water quality tester, the ammonia nitrogen content in the water quality indexes is determined by a Nessler reagent spectrophotometric method, and the nitrite content in the water quality indexes is determined by a hydrochloric acid naphthalene ethylenediamine spectrophotometric method.

[0021] By adopting the technical scheme, the water temperature, salinity, pH value, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen content and nitrite content in the water for shrimp seedling cultivation are determined, so that the water quality of the water for shrimp seedling cultivation can be adjusted to facilitate the growth and development of the shrimp seedlings.

[0022] The application further provides that in step eight, when the water temperature is lower than 28 DEG C, the water temperature can be appropriately increased by a heating device; when the salinity is lower than 22 ‰ before the shrimp seedlings develop into seed shrimp larvae, the salinity can be adjusted by adding seawater crystals; when the pH value is higher than 8.6, an appropriate amount of citric acid can be sprinkled for adjustment; when the pH value is lower than 7.8, quicklime is used for adjustment; when the dissolved oxygen content is lower than 5 mg / L, the oxygenation amount is timely increased; when the ammonia nitrogen content is higher than 0.2 mg / L or the nitrite content is higher than 0.1 mg / L after the shrimp seedlings develop into fritter shrimp larvae, the water is appropriately changed, and the amount of water changed each time is not more than 20% of the total water body.

[0023] By adopting the technical scheme, the water temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen content, ammonia nitrogen content and nitrite content are adjusted to improve the water quality of the water for shrimp seedling cultivation, so as to facilitate the growth and development of the shrimp seedlings.

[0024] The application further provides that in step eight, the growth condition and algal phase composition of the microalgae in the shrimp seedling pond need to be observed regularly, and the algal liquid and the bacterial liquid are supplemented once a week after the shrimp seedlings develop into seed shrimp, and the supplementing amount is 50 L of each algal liquid and 1 L of each bacterial liquid.

[0025] By adopting the technical scheme, the algal liquid of the microalgae and the bacterial liquid of the probiotics are supplemented regularly to prevent the natural consumption of the algal liquid and the bacterial liquid in the shrimp seedling cultivation and ensure that the concentration of the algal liquid and the bacterial liquid in the shrimp seedling pond is maintained in a state beneficial to the development of the shrimp seedlings.

[0026] In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects: 1. Significant water purification effect: Through the synergistic effect of microalgae and probiotics under specific light conditions, harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water body can be effectively removed. Microalgae use photosynthesis to absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, converting them into their own biomass, thereby reducing the concentration of nutrients in the water body. Probiotics further purify the water quality by decomposing organic matter and participating in the nitrogen cycle process. 2. Promote the growth and development of shrimp larvae: Isochrysis galbana, Chaetoceros muelleri and small diatoms as high-quality natural bait provide shrimp larvae with rich nutrients such as protein, polysaccharide, unsaturated fatty acids and vitamins, meeting the nutritional needs of shrimp larvae during growth. At the same time, suitable water quality environment is conducive to the digestion and absorption and metabolism of shrimp larvae, promoting the growth rate and health status of shrimp larvae. UVA module short-time irradiation can improve the weight gain rate and feed conversion rate of shrimp larvae. Compared with traditional breeding methods, the growth indicators such as body length and body weight of shrimp larvae bred by the method of the present application are significantly improved, and the survival rate of shrimp larvae can be increased by 1-2 times. 3. Enhance the immunity of shrimp: Photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis and other probiotics form a beneficial microbial community in the water body, inhibiting the growth and reproduction of harmful microorganisms, especially inhibiting the growth of Vibrio and fungi, reducing the risk of "dirt hanging" and infection of shrimp larvae. In addition, probiotics can also regulate the intestinal microecological balance of shrimp, enhance the immunity and disease resistance of shrimp larvae, thereby effectively reducing the incidence of shrimp larvae during breeding and improving the quality and stability of Litopenaeus vannamei breeding. 4. Ecological and environmentally friendly and sustainable: The present application uses biological means such as microalgae and probiotics to regulate water quality, avoiding the use of large amounts of chemical agents and reducing potential harm to the water environment and shrimp larvae, in line with the green, environmentally friendly and sustainable development concept of aquaculture. At the same time, by precisely controlling the light and other environmental conditions, the growth and function of microalgae and probiotics are optimized, the utilization efficiency of biological resources is improved, the effective action time of algae and bacteria is greatly prolonged, the workload is reduced, the spectrum matching technology can improve the biomass of microalgae and improve the self-provision of shrimp feed; reduce the cost of compound feed, and solve the problems of algae dumping and other seed breeding in rainy days, improve the quality and stability of seed breeding, and have good economic and social benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The present application is a principle diagram for implementing the steps. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] The present application discloses a shrimp larvae breeding method for regulating water quality by microalgae and probiotics under specific light, as shown in Figure 1 the following steps: Step one, construction of a breeding workshop: a special breeding workshop for Litopenaeus vannamei is constructed, a uniformly laid light-transmitting plate is fixedly connected to the roof of the breeding workshop, and a sunshade device is located on the upper side of the light-transmitting plate; the breeding workshop is provided with a shrimp fry cultivation area and a microalgae-probiotics cultivation area matched with the shrimp fry cultivation area; the shrimp fry cultivation area is provided with a plurality of shrimp fry cultivation ponds specially used for Litopenaeus vannamei fry cultivation; the microalgae-probiotics production area is provided with a plurality of microalgae culture barrels and a plurality of probiotic culture barrels; the microalgae culture barrels and the probiotic culture barrels are respectively used for expanding algae and probiotics; the microalgae culture barrels and the probiotic culture barrels are all set as 50L circular PE barrels; The construction area of the breeding workshop is set as 50m x 30m, and the layer height of the breeding workshop is set as 6m; the light-transmitting plate is set as a polycarbonate hollow plate, the surface of the light-transmitting plate is provided with a 5mm-thick UV coating, and the light-transmitting rate thereof is 70%; at the same time, the surface of the light-transmitting plate is attached with a prism refraction film, so that the light entering the workshop from the roof of the breeding workshop is formed into scattered light, thereby making the light in the breeding workshop more uniform; the sunshade device adopts an electric folding PE sunshade net, the light-transmitting rate of the sunshade net is set as 30-80%, and the sunshade net can automatically adjust the opening degree according to the outdoor light intensity; The shrimp fry cultivation ponds are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic and are set in a rectangular structure, the size of the shrimp fry cultivation ponds is set as 5m x 4m x 1.5m, a drainage port is arranged at a corner of the bottom of the shrimp fry cultivation ponds, and the bottom of the shrimp fry cultivation ponds is obliquely arranged on the side of the drainage port, so that the drainage port and the oblique arrangement at the bottom of the shrimp fry cultivation ponds can facilitate the discharge of pollutants and prevent the accumulation of pollutants at the bottom of the shrimp fry cultivation ponds; the corners of the shrimp fry cultivation ponds are all rounded, which can avoid the damage of the shrimp fry larvae caused by gathering; a matched light sensor and a first LED lamp group are arranged on each shrimp fry cultivation pond; the light sensor is used for detecting the light intensity in the shrimp fry cultivation pond and adjusting the opening degree of the sunshade net in cooperation with the sunshade net, so as to control the light intensity in the breeding workshop; the first LED lamp group includes a first blue light module, a first red light module and a UVA module, which respectively generate blue light, red light and ultraviolet light to adapt to the required light in the shrimp fry cultivation pond; the first LED lamp group is used for light supplement and irradiation of the shrimp fry cultivation pond, so that the shrimp fry cultivation pond is in a suitable light condition for shrimp fry cultivation; The microalgae-probiotics production area is also provided with a temperature control device matched with the microalgae culture barrels and the probiotic culture barrels and a second LED lamp group; the second LED lamp group adopts a special algae spectrum lamp, and includes a second red light module and a second blue light module for generating red light and blue light respectively; the first LED lamp group and the second LED lamp group are both set in a waterproof structure; Step two, microalgae-probiotics culture: select the microalgae and probiotics species beneficial to the shrimp fry culture and culture, the species of microalgae are selected respectively chilomonas paramoecium, chroomonas mulleri and small diatom, the species of probiotics are selected respectively photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis, the selected chilomonas paramoecium, chroomonas mulleri and small diatom are respectively inoculated into the microalgae culture barrel for culture, and the selected photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis and enterococcus faecalis are respectively inoculated into the probiotics culture barrel for culture; Among them, when chilomonas paramoecium is cultured, f / 2 culture medium is used, and natural seawater is used for preparation, the boiled and cooled culture medium is poured into the microalgae culture barrel, chlorine-containing disinfection tablets are used for disinfection treatment, and sodium thiosulfate is used for neutralizing residual chlorine after disinfection, then chilomonas paramoecium algae species in the logarithmic growth phase are inoculated, the inoculation density is set to 1×10 4 -3×10 4 ML, the culture temperature is maintained at 18-25℃ by the temperature control device, the light intensity is controlled at 5000-7000lx, the second LED lamp group generates light spectrum wavelength at 450nm blue light and 660nm red light for irradiation, the light cycle is set to light for 16h and dark for 8h, the air blower and air stone are used for oxygenation during the culture process to promote gas exchange and uniform distribution of nutrients, when the algal cell density of microalgae algal liquid reaches 1×10 6 -2×10 6 ML, the chilomonas paramoecium solution obtained can be used for subsequent fry pond use, that is, for subsequent fry pond use; When chroomonas mulleri is cultured, f / 2 culture medium is used, and natural seawater is used for preparation, the boiled and cooled culture medium is poured into the microalgae culture barrel, chlorine-containing disinfection tablets are used for disinfection treatment, and sodium thiosulfate is used for neutralizing residual chlorine after disinfection, then chroomonas mulleri algae species in the logarithmic growth phase are inoculated, the inoculation density is set to 2×10 4 -4×10 4 ML, the culture temperature is maintained at 18-25℃ by the temperature control device, the light intensity is controlled at 3000-5000lx, the second LED lamp group generates light spectrum wavelength at 470nm blue light for irradiation, the light cycle is set to light for 12h and dark for 12h, the air blower and air stone are used for oxygenation during the culture process to promote gas exchange and uniform distribution of nutrients, when the algal cell density of microalgae algal liquid reaches 2×10 6 -3×10 6 ML, the chroomonas mulleri obtained can be used for subsequent fry pond use; When small diatom is cultured, diatom special culture medium is used, and natural seawater is used for preparation, the boiled and cooled culture medium is poured into the microalgae culture barrel, chlorine-containing disinfection tablets are used for disinfection treatment, and sodium thiosulfate is used for neutralizing residual chlorine after disinfection, then small diatom algae species in the logarithmic growth phase are inoculated, the inoculation density is set to 1.5×104 -3.5x10 4 CFU / mL, the culture temperature is maintained at 20-25°C by the temperature control device, the light intensity is controlled at 5000-8000lx, the light spectrum wavelength is 450nm blue light and 630nm red light generated by the second LED lamp group, the light cycle is set as 14h light and 10h darkness, the air blower and air stone are used for oxygenation during the culture process to promote gas exchange and uniform distribution of nutrients, and when the algal cell density of the microalgal broth reaches 1.5x10 6 -2.5x10 6 CFU / mL, the algal broth can be used for subsequent use in the larviculture tank. When the photosynthetic bacteria are cultured, 1 bag of culture medium is dissolved and poured into the probiotic culture barrel, and then the sand-filtered seawater is added to the full, a chlorine-containing disinfection tablet is used for disinfection treatment, and after disinfection, sodium thiosulfate is used to neutralize residual chlorine, then the photosynthetic bacteria strain is inoculated, the inoculation amount is 5-10% by volume ratio, the culture temperature is maintained at 25-35°C by the temperature control device, the light intensity is controlled at 10000-15000lx, the light spectrum wavelength is 470nm blue light and 800nm red light, the light cycle is set as 14h light and 10h darkness, and the culture process is regularly stirred to make the bacteria fully contact with the culture medium, when the OD660 value of the probiotic broth reaches 0.8-1.2, it indicates that the photosynthetic bacteria grow well, and the algal broth can be used for subsequent use in the larviculture tank. When the Bacillus subtilis is cultured, 2 pounds of brown sugar are dissolved and poured into the probiotic culture barrel, and then the sand-filtered seawater is added to the full, a chlorine-containing disinfection tablet is used for disinfection treatment, and after disinfection, sodium thiosulfate is used to neutralize residual chlorine, then the Bacillus subtilis strain is inoculated, the inoculation amount is 3-5% by volume ratio, and the barrel opening is sealed with plastic wrap, and the air stone is used for aeration, the temperature is maintained at 25-35°C by the temperature control device, and the fermentation is carried out for 24-48h, when the probiotic broth concentration reaches 1x10 9 -2x10 9 CFU / mL, the algal broth can be used for subsequent use in the larviculture tank. When the Enterococcus faecalis is cultured, 2 pounds of brown sugar are dissolved and poured into the probiotic culture barrel, and then the sand-filtered seawater is added to the full, a chlorine-containing disinfection tablet is used for disinfection treatment, and after disinfection, sodium thiosulfate is used to neutralize residual chlorine, then the Enterococcus faecalis strain is inoculated, the inoculation amount is 4-6% by volume ratio, the barrel opening is sealed with plastic wrap after thorough stirring, the temperature is maintained at 25-35°C by the temperature control device, and the culture is carried out under anaerobic conditions for 24-48h, when the probiotic broth concentration reaches 1x10 9 -1.5x10 9 CFU / mL, the algal broth can be used for subsequent use in the larviculture tank. Microalgae can absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water body and carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, and then release oxygen, which helps to maintain the dissolved oxygen balance of water body and reduce the concentration of harmful substances. At the same time, microalgae is also a high-quality natural opening bait for shrimp larvae, which provides rich and comprehensive nutrition and can significantly promote the growth and development of shrimp larvae. The cells of Pyroptixus sp. are rich in protein, polysaccharide and various unsaturated fatty acids, which not only can efficiently absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water body to improve water quality, but also are high-quality opening bait for shrimp larvae. The slow swimming speed of Pyroptixus sp. is convenient for shrimp larvae to prey. Chaetoceros muelleri grows rapidly and has strong tolerance and conversion ability to high concentration of ammonia nitrogen, which can effectively reduce the content of ammonia nitrogen in water body. The chaeta on the surface of Chaetoceros muelleri can increase the turbulence of water body, which is beneficial to material exchange. Chaetoceros muelleri usually exists in the form of single cell or a few cells, which is suitable for shrimp larvae to feed. In addition, small diatoms have strong adaptability and can grow well under different salinity and temperature conditions. They can utilize various nutrients in water body, and their cell walls are rich in silica, which is helpful for the development of shrimp larvae's skeleton. Moreover, the size of their cells is moderate, which is one of the favorite baits for shrimp larvae. Probiotics can improve water quality and enhance the immunity of shrimp by decomposing organic matter and inhibiting the growth of harmful microorganisms. Photosynthetic bacteria can grow and reproduce under anaerobic light or aerobic dark conditions by utilizing small molecular organic matter, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia nitrogen in water body as nutrient sources, thereby reducing the concentration of harmful substances in water body. At the same time, their cells are rich in protein, vitamins and other nutrients, which can be used as indirect bait for shrimp larvae. Bacillus subtilis can produce various enzymes such as protease, amylase and lipase, which can decompose macromolecular organic matter in water body and convert it into small molecular substances, making it easy for microalgae and other microorganisms to utilize, thereby playing a role in purifying water quality. Moreover, it can produce some antibacterial substances during growth, which can inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria. Enterococcus faecalis can regulate the microecological balance of water body and enhance the immunity of shrimp. It can produce organic acids such as lactic acid during metabolism, which can reduce the pH value of water body and inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms. In addition, it can synthesize various vitamins and amino acids to provide nutrition for shrimp. Step three, preparation for releasing larvae: Before breeding Fenneropenaeus vannamei, the breeding pond is thoroughly cleaned and disinfected. First, use a high-pressure water gun to rinse the walls and bottom of the pond to remove debris and dirt. Then immerse the pond in a 20-30 ppm effective chlorine bleach solution for 2-3 hours. After that, rinse the breeding pond with clean water. Finally, inject an appropriate amount of water for breeding shrimp larvae into the breeding pond. The initial water depth in the breeding pond is controlled at 0.7-0.8 m, the pH value is set to 8.2, and the water temperature is controlled at 30°C. The shrimp seedling water is obtained by injecting the seawater treated by sedimentation and sand filtration into a water pool for temporary storage and transfer, setting the salinity of the seawater to 25-35‰, then sterilizing the seawater in the treatment pool with 20 ppm bleaching powder for 2 hours, spraying appropriate amount of sodium thiosulfate to neutralize residual chlorine, then spraying 10 g / m 3 of EDTA disodium salt, and finally obtaining the shrimp seedling water that can be pumped into the seedling pool after air stopping and sedimentation. Step four, releasing shrimp seedling larvae: uniformly releasing appropriate number of shrimp seedling larvae into the seedling pool, and the released shrimp seedling is in the nauplius stage; Step five, algae-probiotics release: releasing the algae liquid of Aureococcus anophagefferens after releasing the shrimp seedling larvae, releasing the algae liquid of Aureococccus mukatensis when the shrimp seedling develops to the zoea stage, and then releasing the algae liquid of Chilomonas paramecium when the shrimp seedling develops to the mysis stage, the release amount of each algae liquid is 50 L, and the algae liquid needs to be uniformly sprayed in the seedling pool when being released; at the same time, after releasing the algae liquid of each microalgae, the bacterial liquid of photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis is synchronously released in sequence, the release amount of each bacterial liquid is 0.5 L, and when the bacterial liquid is released, the bacterial liquid needs to be diluted with appropriate amount of water and then uniformly sprayed in the whole pool; Step six, seedling light control: in the first 3 days after the release of microalgae and probiotics, the light intensity of the seedling pool is controlled to be 3000-5000 lx, and the light cycle is set to be light for 14 h and dark for 10 h; after 3 days of release of microalgae and probiotics, the light intensity and light cycle are appropriately adjusted according to the growth of microalgae and the transparency of water body; if the microalgae in the seedling pool grow too vigorously and the transparency of water body decreases, the light intensity of the seedling pool is reduced to 3000-4000 lx, and the light time is shortened, i.e. the light cycle is set to be light for 12 h and dark for 12 h; if the microalgae in the seedling pool grow slowly, the light intensity of the seedling pool is increased to 6000-8000 lx, and the light time is prolonged, i.e. the light cycle is set to be light for 16 h and dark for 8 h; At the same time, during 05:00-07:00 every day, the ultraviolet light generated by the UVA module in the first LED lamp group is used to irradiate the seedling pool, so as to promote the feeding activity of the shrimp seedling, enhance the immunity of the shrimp seedling, and inhibit the reproduction of Vibrio in the seedling pool; during 08:00-18:00 every day, the light in the seedling pool is mainly the natural light coming from the roof, and the light intensity in the seedling pool is dynamically adjusted by the shading net through the light sensor monitoring the light intensity in the seedling pool; if it is a weak light condition such as rainy day, the natural light is supplemented by the first LED lamp group to achieve the appropriate light intensity in the seedling pool; during 19:00-22:00 every day, the red light generated by the red light module in the LED lamp group is used to supplement the light in the seedling pool, so as to stimulate the microalgae in the seedling pool to divide and develop at night; The conditions of each type of light control for shrimp seedling, microalgae and probiotics are as follows:

[0030] Table 1 Illumination control table Step seven, feed feeding of shrimp fry: when the shrimp fry develops to the brine shrimp larvae, feed high-grade shrimp slices and No. 0 carinata and use 250-160 mesh to rub, feed 1-2g per cubic water body; when the shrimp fry develops to the brine shrimp larvae of the second stage, feed ice artemia and the feeding amount is 2-4 per shrimp fry; when the shrimp fry develops to the brine shrimp larvae, feed No. 2 shrimp slices and No. 0 carinata and use 120-100 mesh mesh cloth to rub, feed 2-3g per cubic water body, at the same time, feed ice artemia and the feeding amount is 4-7 per shrimp fry; when the shrimp fry develops to the seed shrimp larvae, feed No. 5 shrimp slices and No. 1 carinata and use 80-40 mesh mesh cloth to rub, feed 3-5g per cubic water body, at the same time, fresh ice artemia needs to be fed and the feeding amount is 8-20 per shrimp fry; Step eight, water quality monitoring and control: monitor the water quality indexes in the breeding pond at regular time every day, and make corresponding adjustment according to the monitored water quality indexes; Among them, the water quality indexes include water temperature, salinity, pH value, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen content and nitrite content, the water temperature, salinity, pH value and dissolved oxygen in the water quality indexes are measured by WTW3410 multi-parameter water quality tester, the ammonia nitrogen content in the water quality indexes is determined by Nessler's reagent spectrophotometry, and the nitrite content in the water quality indexes is determined by hydrochloric acid naphthalene ethylenediamine spectrophotometry; When the water temperature is lower than 28℃, the water temperature can be appropriately raised by heating equipment; when the salinity is lower than 22‰ before the shrimp fry develops to the seed shrimp larvae, the salinity can be adjusted by adding seawater crystal; when the pH value is higher than 8.6, appropriate amount of citric acid can be sprinkled for adjustment; when the pH value is lower than 7.8, quicklime is used for adjustment; when the dissolved oxygen content is lower than 5mg / L, the oxygenation amount is timely increased; when the ammonia nitrogen content exceeds 0.2mg / L or the nitrite content exceeds 0.1mg / L after the shrimp fry develops to the brine shrimp larvae, the water is appropriately changed, and the amount of each water change does not exceed 20% of the total water body; at the same time, the growth condition and algal phase composition of microalgae are regularly observed, and after the shrimp fry develops to the seed shrimp, the algae liquid and bacteria liquid are supplemented once a week, and the supplement amount is 50L of each algae liquid and 1L of each bacteria liquid.

[0031] Step nine, shrimp fry evaluation and out of the pond: the survival rate, body length, body weight and other growth indexes of the shrimp fry are recorded and collected by using sampling statistics, whether the shrimp fry meets the judgment standard of out of the pond is judged according to the survival rate, body length, body weight and other growth indexes, the shrimp fry that meets the judgment standard of out of the pond is out of the pond, and the shrimp fry that does not meet the judgment standard of out of the pond is continued to be cultured until the judgment standard of out of the pond is reached.

[0032] The applicant carried out a comparative test according to the above method, and the test conditions are as follows: S1, microalgae-probiotics culture: according to the above method, Isochrysis galbana, Chaetoceros muelleri, Melosira parva, photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis are cultured respectively.

[0033] S2, seedling pond preparation: select three same size seedling ponds, respectively marked as No. 1 seedling pond, No. 2 seedling pond and No. 3 seedling pond, and seedling preparation is put according to the method in the above content.

[0034] S3, put the fry: the same number and size of vannamei shrimp fry are put in the three seedling ponds.

[0035] S4, microalgae and probiotics are put and light control: in No. 1 seedling pond, the algal liquid of microalgae and the bacterial liquid of probiotics are put in turn according to the time and density specified in the above method, and the light intensity and light cycle are strictly controlled; in No. 2 seedling pond, only microalgae are put according to the conventional method, no probiotics are added, and the light condition uses natural light; in No. 3 seedling pond, no microalgae are put, only probiotics are added according to the conventional dosage, and the light condition also uses natural light.

[0036] S5, bait feeding: the same number and size of bait are put in the three seedling ponds.

[0037] S6, water quality monitoring and control: the water quality of the three seedling ponds is monitored every day, and the water quality indexes include temperature, salinity, pH value, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen content and nitrite content, according to the monitoring results, the water quality of No. 1 seedling pond is controlled according to the control measures in the above method; No. 2 and No. 3 seedling ponds use traditional water quality control methods, such as water changing, using chemical water quality improver, etc.

[0038] S7, fry cultivation and effect evaluation: the fry test is carried out for 20 days, and after the test, the survival rate, body length, body weight and other growth indexes of the fry are counted, and the content of harmful substances in the water body is detected. The results are shown in the following table:

[0039] Table 2 comparison table of fry test results Through comparison, it can be seen that No. 1 seedling pond using the method of the application is obviously better than No. 2 and No. 3 seedling ponds in survival rate, growth index and water quality purification.

[0040] In summary, the application has the following beneficial effects: 1, the water quality purification effect is remarkable: through the synergistic effect of microalgae and probiotics under specific light conditions, harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water body can be effectively removed, microalgae can absorb nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients through photosynthesis and convert them into their own biomass, thereby reducing the concentration of nutrients in the water body, and probiotics can further purify the water quality by decomposing organic matter and participating in the nitrogen cycle process; 2. Promote the growth and development of shrimp fry: Chaetoceras, Chaetoceras and small diatoms as high-quality natural bait provide rich protein, polysaccharide, unsaturated fatty acids and vitamins and other nutrients for shrimp fry, meeting the nutritional needs of shrimp fry during growth, at the same time, the suitable water environment is beneficial to the digestion and absorption and metabolism of shrimp fry, promote the growth rate and health status of shrimp fry, the UVA module short-time irradiation can improve the weight gain rate and feed conversion rate, compared with the traditional breeding method, the shrimp fry bred by the method of the application has significant improvement in growth indicators such as body length and body weight, and the survival rate of the shrimp fry can be increased by 1-2 times; 3. Enhance the immunity of shrimp: photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis and other probiotics form a beneficial microbial community in the water body, inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful microorganisms, especially inhibit the growth of Vibrio and fungi, reduce the risk of "dirt hanging" and infection of shrimp fry, in addition, probiotics can also regulate the intestinal microecological balance of shrimp, enhance the immunity and disease resistance of shrimp fry, thereby effectively reducing the incidence of shrimp fry during breeding, and improve the quality and stability of the breeding of Litopenaeus vannamei; 4. Ecological and environmental protection and sustainability: the present application uses microalgae and probiotics and other biological means to regulate water quality, avoids the use of large amounts of chemical agents, reduces the potential harm to the water environment and shrimp fry, and meets the green, environmental protection and sustainable development concept of aquaculture, at the same time, by precisely controlling the light and other environmental conditions, the growth and function of microalgae and probiotics are optimized, the utilization efficiency of biological resources is improved, the effective action time of algae and bacteria is greatly prolonged, frequent addition of algae and bacteria is avoided, the workload is reduced, the spectrum matching technology can improve the biomass of microalgae and improve the self-provision of shrimp bait; reduce the cost of compound bait, and solve the problems such as algae pouring in rainy days and other seed breeding, improve the quality and stability of seed breeding, and have good economic and social benefits.

[0041] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the design concept of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for breeding shrimp fry by regulating water quality with microalgae and probiotics under specific light, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one, the construction of the breeding workshop: a special breeding workshop for Litopenaeus vannamei is constructed, evenly laid light-transmitting plates are fixedly connected on the roof of the breeding workshop, and a sunshade device is arranged on the upper side of the light-transmitting plates; the breeding workshop is internally provided with a shrimp fry cultivation area and a microalgae-probiotics cultivation area matched with the shrimp fry cultivation area; the shrimp fry cultivation area is provided with a plurality of breeding ponds, and each breeding pond is provided with a matched light sensor and a first LED lamp group; the first LED lamp group comprises a first blue light module, a first red light module and a UVA module; the microalgae-probiotics cultivation area is provided with a plurality of microalgae culture barrels and a plurality of probiotic culture barrels; the microalgae-probiotics cultivation area is further provided with a temperature control device matched with the microalgae culture barrels and the probiotic culture barrels and a second LED lamp group; the second LED lamp group comprises a second red light module and a second blue light module for generating red light and blue light respectively; and the second LED lamp group and the first LED lamp group are both waterproof structures; Step two, microalgae-probiotics culture: beneficial microalgae and probiotic species for shrimp fry breeding are selected and cultured; the microalgae species are selected as Isochrysis galbana, Chaetoceros muelleri and Melosira parva; the probiotic species are selected as photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis; the selected Isochrysis galbana, Chaetoceros muelleri and Melosira parva are respectively introduced into the microalgae culture barrels for culture to obtain microalgae liquid; and the selected photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis are respectively introduced into the probiotic culture barrels for culture to obtain probiotic liquid; Step three, preparation for shrimp fry release: before the breeding of Litopenaeus vannamei, the breeding ponds are thoroughly cleaned and disinfected; the pond wall and the pond bottom are first washed with a high-pressure water gun to remove sundries and dirt, then soaked in a 20-30 ppm effective chlorine bleaching powder solution for 2-3 h, and then washed with clean water; finally, an appropriate amount of shrimp fry breeding water is injected into the breeding pond; the initial water depth of the shrimp fry breeding water in the breeding pond is controlled to be 0.7-0.8 m, the pH value is set to be 8.2, and the water temperature is controlled to be 30℃; Step four, release of shrimp larvae: an appropriate number of shrimp larvae in the nauplius stage are uniformly released into the breeding pond; Step five, release of algae-probiotics: after the release of the shrimp larvae, the algal liquid of Isochrysis galbana is released; when the shrimp larvae develop into the zoea stage, the algal liquid of Chaetoceros muelleri is released; and then when the shrimp larvae develop into the mysis stage, the algal liquid of Melosira parva is released; the release amount of each algal liquid is 50 L, and the algal liquid is uniformly sprayed in the breeding pond when released; meanwhile, after the release of each kind of microalgae algal liquid, the probiotic liquid of photosynthetic bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Enterococcus faecalis is synchronously released in sequence; the release amount of each probiotic liquid is 0.5 L, and the probiotic liquid is uniformly sprayed in the whole pond after being diluted with an appropriate amount of water. Step six, light control: the light intensity of the culture pond is controlled at 3000-5000lx in the first 3 days after the microalgae and probiotics are put in, and the light cycle is set to 14h light and 10h darkness; after 3 days of microalgae and probiotics, the light intensity and light cycle are adjusted according to the growth of microalgae and the transparency of the water body; if the microalgae in the culture pond grow too fast and the water transparency decreases, the light intensity of the culture pond is reduced to 3000-4000lx, and the light time is shortened, that is, the light cycle is set to 12h light and 12h darkness; if the microalgae in the culture pond grow slowly, the light intensity of the culture pond is increased to 6000-8000lx, and the light time is extended, that is, the light cycle is set to 16h light and 8h darkness; Step seven, feed feeding: when the larvae develop to the larva stage, feed senior shrimp slices and No. 0 car elements and use 250-160 mesh to rub, feed 1-2g per cubic water body; when the larvae develop to the second stage of larva, feed ice halocyprid and the feeding amount is 2-4 per shrimp larvae; when the larvae develop to the brine shrimp larvae, feed No. 2 shrimp slices and No. 0 car elements and use 120-100 mesh screen cloth to rub, feed 2-3g per cubic water body, and feed ice halocyprid at the same time, and the feeding amount is 4-7 per shrimp larvae; when the larvae develop to the seed shrimp larvae, feed No. 5 shrimp slices and No. 1 car elements and use 80-40 mesh screen cloth to rub, feed 3-5g per cubic water body, and feed fresh ice halocyprid at the same time, and the feeding amount is 8-20 per shrimp larvae; Step eight, water quality monitoring and control: the water quality indexes in the culture pond are monitored regularly every day, and the corresponding control is carried out according to the monitored water quality indexes; Step nine, shrimp evaluation and out of pool: the survival rate, body length, body weight and other growth indexes of the larvae are recorded and collected by sampling statistics, and whether the larvae meet the judgment standard of out of pool is judged according to the survival rate, body length, body weight and other growth indexes, and the larvae that meet the judgment standard of out of pool are out of pool, and the larvae that do not meet the judgment standard of out of pool are continued to be cultured until they meet the judgment standard of out of pool.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that, The light transmission plate is set as a polycarbonate hollow plate, the surface of the light transmission plate is provided with a UV coating and the light transmission rate thereof is 70%, and the surface of the light transmission plate is attached with a prism refraction film; the sunshade device adopts an electric folding PE sunshade net, and the light transmission rate of the sunshade net is set to 30-80%.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the method is characterized in that, The culture pond is made of glass steel and arranged in a rectangular structure, one corner of the bottom of the culture pond is provided with a drain port, the bottom of the culture pond is arranged obliquely and the drain port is arranged on one side of the oblique bottom of the culture pond, and the corners of the culture pond are all rounded, each culture pond is provided with a matching light sensor and a first LED lamp group, and the first LED lamp group comprises a matching first blue light module, a first red light module and a UVA module.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the method is characterized by, In step two, the culture methods of each microalgae liquid are as follows: 1) when the culture of the Isochrysis galbana, the f / 2 culture medium is used and prepared with natural seawater, the boiled and cooled culture medium is poured into the microalgae culture barrel, the chlorine-containing disinfection sheet is used for disinfection treatment and the residual chlorine is neutralized with sodium thiosulfate after disinfection, then the Isochrysis galbana spores in the logarithmic growth phase are inoculated, the inoculation density is set to 1×10 4 -3×10 4 ML, the culture temperature is maintained at 18-25℃ by the temperature control equipment, the light intensity is controlled at 5000-7000lx, the second LED lamp group is used to generate the spectral wavelength of 450nm blue light and 660nm red light for irradiation, the light cycle is set to light for 16h and dark for 8h, the air blower and air stone are used for oxygenation during the culture process to promote gas exchange and uniform distribution of nutrients, when the algal cell density of the microalgae algal liquid reaches 1×10 6 -2×10 6 ML, the Isochrysis galbana solution obtained can be used for subsequent stocking in the nursery pond, i.e. used for the stocking in the nursery pond. 2) When culturing M. muelleri, f / 2 medium is used and prepared with natural seawater. The boiled and cooled medium is poured into the microalgae culture barrel, disinfected with chlorine-containing disinfection tablets, neutralized with sodium thiosulfate after disinfection, and then inoculated with M. muelleri spores in the logarithmic growth phase at an inoculation density of 2×10 4 -4×10 4 ML. The culture temperature is maintained at 18-25°C by the temperature control device, the light intensity is controlled at 3000-5000lx, the second LED lamp group generates blue light with a spectral wavelength of 470nm, the light period is set to 12h light and 12h darkness, and the culture process is oxygenated by an air blower and an air stone to promote gas exchange and uniform distribution of nutrients. When the algal cell density of the microalgae algal liquid reaches 2×10 6 -3×10 6 ML, it can be used for the release of the said hatchery pond. 3) When culturing small diatoms, use diatom-specific culture medium and prepare it with natural seawater. Pour the boiled and cooled culture medium into the microalgae culture barrel, disinfect it with chlorine-containing disinfection tablets, neutralize the residual chlorine with sodium thiosulfate after disinfection, then inoculate small diatom algae with a density of 1.5×10 4 -3.5×10 4 ML, maintain the culture temperature at 20-25℃ by the temperature control device, control the light intensity at 5000-8000lx, generate light with a spectral wavelength of 450nm blue light and 630nm red light by the second LED lamp group, set the light cycle to 14h light and 10h darkness, oxygenate during the culture process with the air blower and air stone to promote gas exchange and uniform distribution of nutrients, and when the algal cell density of the microalgae algae liquid reaches 1.5×10 6 -2.5×10 6 ML, it can be used for the hatchery pond.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the method is characterized by, In step two, the culture methods of each probiotic liquid are as follows: 1) when the photosynthetic bacteria are cultured, a special culture medium for photosynthetic bacteria is used, 1 package of the culture medium is dissolved and poured into the probiotic culture barrel, then the barrel is filled with sand-filtered seawater, a chlorine-containing disinfection tablet is used for disinfection, and after disinfection, sodium thiosulfate is used to neutralize residual chlorine, then the photosynthetic bacteria are inoculated, the inoculation amount is 5-10% by volume, the culture temperature is maintained at 25-35℃ by the temperature control device, the light intensity is controlled at 10000-15000lx, the spectrum wavelength is 470nm blue light and 800nm red light, the light cycle is set to 14h light and 10h dark, and the culture is stirred regularly during the process to ensure that the bacteria and the culture medium are in full contact, when the OD660 value of the probiotic bacterial solution reaches 0.8-1.2, it indicates that the photosynthetic bacteria grow well, and can be used for the fry pond. 2) when the bacillus subtilis is cultured, brown sugar is used for expansion fermentation, 2 kg of brown sugar is dissolved and poured into the probiotic culture barrel, then the barrel is filled with sand filtered seawater, chlorine-containing disinfection tablets are used for disinfection treatment, and after disinfection, sodium thiosulfate is used for neutralizing residual chlorine, then bacillus subtilis strains are connected, the inoculation amount is 3-5% by volume ratio, the barrel opening is sealed with plastic wrap, and the barrel is placed in a gas stone for aeration, the temperature is maintained at 25-35 DEG C by the temperature control device, and fermentation is carried out for 24-48 h, when the concentration of probiotic bacterial liquid reaches 1 x 10 9 -2 x 10 9 CFU / mL, it can be used for the seedling pond. 3) when Enterococcus faecalis is cultured, brown sugar is used for fermentation, 2 kg of brown sugar is dissolved and poured into the probiotic culture barrel, then the barrel is filled with sand-filtered seawater, a chlorine-containing disinfection tablet is used for disinfection, and after disinfection, sodium thiosulfate is used to neutralize residual chlorine, then Enterococcus faecalis is inoculated, the inoculation amount is 4-6% by volume, the barrel opening is sealed with plastic wrap after being fully stirred and mixed, the temperature is maintained at 25-35 DEG C by the temperature control device, and under anaerobic conditions, the culture is incubated for 24-48 h, when the probiotic bacterial liquid concentration reaches 1 x 10 9 -1.5 x 10 9 CFU / mL, it can be used for the said larval rearing tank.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the method is characterized by, In step three, the water tank for temporary storage and transfer is filled with seawater treated by precipitation and sand filtration, the salinity of the seawater is set to 25-35‰, then 20ppm bleaching powder is used to disinfect the seawater in the treatment tank for 2h, an appropriate amount of sodium thiosulfate is sprayed to neutralize residual chlorine, 10g / m3 of EDTA disodium salt is sprayed, and finally the shrimp fry water is obtained after gas stopping and precipitation.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the method is characterized by, In step six, the UVA module in the first LED lamp group generates ultraviolet light to irradiate the fry pond during 05:00-07:00 every day; during 08:00-18:00 every day, the light in the fry pond is mainly natural light from the roof, and the light intensity in the fry pond is dynamically adjusted by the light sensor and the sunshade net, if the light intensity is weak due to cloudy and rainy weather, the natural light is supplemented by the first LED lamp group to achieve the appropriate light intensity of the fry pond; during 19:00-22:00 every day, the red light generated by the red light module in the LED lamp group is used to supplement the light of the fry pond.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the method is characterized by, The water quality indicators include water temperature, salinity, pH value, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen content and nitrite content, the water temperature, salinity, pH value and dissolved oxygen in the water quality indicators are measured by WTW3410 multi-parameter water quality tester, the ammonia nitrogen content in the water quality indicators is determined by Nessler's reagent spectrophotometry, and the nitrite content in the water quality indicators is determined by hydrochloric acid naphthalene ethylenediamine spectrophotometry.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the method is characterized by, In step eight, when the water temperature is lower than 28℃, the water temperature can be appropriately raised by the heating device; when the salinity is lower than 22‰ when the shrimp fry develops to the seed shrimp larva, the salinity can be adjusted by adding seawater crystals; when the pH value is higher than 8.6, an appropriate amount of citric acid can be sprayed for adjustment; when the pH value is lower than 7.8, quicklime is used for adjustment; when the dissolved oxygen content is lower than 5mg / L, the oxygenation amount is increased in time; when the ammonia nitrogen content exceeds 0.2mg / L or the nitrite content exceeds 0.1mg / L when the shrimp fry develops to the brine shrimp larva, the water is appropriately changed, and the amount of water changed at a time does not exceed 20% of the total water body.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the method is characterized by, In step eight, it is also necessary to regularly observe the growth status and algal phase composition of the microalgae in the fry pond, and the algal liquid and bacterial liquid are supplemented once a week after the shrimp fry develops to the seed shrimp, and the supplementing amount is 50L of each algal liquid and 1L of each bacterial liquid.

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