Method for regulating and controlling transportation of boron to overground part of plant by using photoperiod

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling boron to be transported to the overground part of a plant by utilizing a photoperiod, which comprises the following steps: cleaning seeds, cultivating seedlings, preparing a growth solution and supplementing light for cultivation, and is characterized in that the boron is transported to the overground part of the plant by utilizing the photoperiod on the basis of a synergistic effect mechanism of photoperiod regulation and control-transpiration tension enhancement-boron element transportation. By implementing daily light supplementing treatment in the growth period of the seedlings, the photosynthesis efficiency of the plants is remarkably improved, and the problem of plant growth stagnation caused by top end necrosis due to boron deficiency can be effectively avoided. Moreover, by accurately improving the transportation efficiency of boron in the plant body, the application amount of the boron fertilizer can be reduced, accumulation and residue of boron in soil are reduced, agricultural non-point source pollution can be relieved, and the environmental risk is reduced. Under the adverse conditions of drought, salt and alkali and the like, effective transportation and supply of boron can still be maintained, normal growth and development of plants are guaranteed, and adaptability and stability of crops in a non-ideal environment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant cultivation, and more particularly to a method for regulating the transport of boron to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod. Background Technology

[0002] Boron, an essential micronutrient for plant growth and development, plays a crucial role in cell wall synthesis, membrane stability, and reproductive organ development. However, boron transport within plants is subject to several limitations. Since boron is primarily transported through the xylem, and its retransport through the phloem is difficult, boron mobility within plants is poor. Consequently, newly formed tissues, such as shoot tips and flower buds, are prone to insufficient boron supply, leading to inhibited cell division and apical necrosis. Specific symptoms include stunted growth, browning, and even death of new buds, along with the proliferation of lateral buds.

[0003] In existing technologies, the main treatment methods are to directly apply boron fertilizer or spray boron-containing fertilizer solutions onto the leaves of plants. However, due to the narrow suitable window for boron, plants are easily poisoned by excessive boron. Furthermore, foliar boron supplementation can only alleviate boron deficiency symptoms in the short term and cannot fundamentally and systematically improve boron transport efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to propose a method for regulating the transport of boron to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod, so as to alleviate the problem of poor boron mobility in plants and the tendency for apical necrosis in existing technologies.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a method for regulating boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod, comprising the following steps: Seed cleaning: Sterilize the seeds, then place the sterilized seeds in a dark environment and soak them; Seedling cultivation: Place the cleaned seeds in a moist and dark environment to allow them to germinate into plant seedlings. The roots of the plant seedlings are 3-4 cm long. Preparation of growth medium: First, add boron element solution to the nutrient solution to prepare the growth medium; Supplemental lighting cultivation: Place the plant seedlings in a container filled with growth solution, immerse the roots of the plant seedlings in the growth solution, and provide supplemental lighting until the plant seedlings complete their growth period; the wavelength range of the supplemental lighting is 560nm~600nm.

[0006] In the method for regulating boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod, the boron content of the growth solution is 0.05–25 µM during the step of preparing the growth solution.

[0007] In the method for regulating boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod, in the step of preparing the growth solution, the nutrient solution contains 2.4–2.6 mM Ca, 0.9–1 mM K, and 0.4–0.7 µM Cu.

[0008] In the method for regulating boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod, the components of the nutrient solution in the step of preparing the growth solution include: .

[0009] In the method for regulating boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod, the pH value of the nutrient solution is 5.0 to 6.5 during the step of preparing the growth solution.

[0010] In the method of using photoperiod regulation to transport boron to the aboveground parts of plants, the supplemental lighting time in the supplemental lighting cultivation step is 8 to 20 hours per day, and the cultivation environment temperature is 18 to 27°C.

[0011] In the method of using photoperiod regulation to transport boron to the aboveground parts of plants, the growth period of the plant seedlings is 24-27 days in the supplemental lighting cultivation step.

[0012] In the method of using photoperiod regulation to transport boron to the aboveground parts of plants, during the seed cleaning step, the temperature range of the light-protected environment is 23-27°C, and the soaking time is 7.5-8 hours.

[0013] One technical solution of the present invention can have the following beneficial effects: The method described in this invention, which utilizes photoperiod regulation to control boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants, can effectively avoid plant growth stagnation caused by apical necrosis due to boron deficiency. This method has significant application value for the safe production and quality improvement of boron-sensitive crops such as rapeseed, fruit trees, and legumes. Furthermore, by precisely improving the transport efficiency of boron within plants, the amount of boron fertilizer applied can be reduced, decreasing the accumulation and residue of boron in the soil, thus helping to mitigate agricultural non-point source pollution and reduce environmental risks. Even under adverse conditions such as drought and salinity, the method can maintain effective boron transport and supply, ensuring normal plant growth and development, and enhancing the adaptability and stability of crops in undesirable environments. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 These are images of the plant seedlings from Examples 1, 4, 5, and 6. Figure 2These are the test results of aboveground plant height, aboveground fresh weight, aboveground dry weight, root plant height, root fresh weight, and root dry weight for Examples 1, 4, 5, and 6. In the figures, A is a bar chart of aboveground plant height, B is a bar chart of aboveground fresh weight, C is a bar chart of aboveground dry weight, D is a bar chart of root plant height, E is a bar chart of root fresh weight, and F is a bar chart of root dry weight. Figure 3 The graph shows the test results of boron content at the tips of plant seedlings in Examples 1, 4, 5 and 6. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solution of the present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments. To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description is provided below. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0016] Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the examples, they shall be performed in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or in accordance with the product instructions. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available conventional products.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0018] This invention provides a method for regulating boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod, comprising the following steps: Seed cleaning: Sterilize the seeds, then place the sterilized seeds in a dark environment and soak them; Seedling cultivation: Place the cleaned seeds in a moist and dark environment to allow them to germinate into plant seedlings. The roots of the plant seedlings are 3-4 cm long. Preparation of growth medium: First, add boron element solution to the nutrient solution to prepare the growth medium; Supplemental lighting cultivation: Place the plant seedlings in a container filled with growth solution, immerse the roots of the plant seedlings in the growth solution, and provide supplemental lighting until the plant seedlings complete their growth period; the wavelength range of the supplemental lighting is 560nm~600nm.

[0019] This invention is based on the synergistic mechanism of photoperiod regulation, enhanced transpiration pull, and boron transport. By implementing daily supplemental lighting during the seedling growth period, it significantly improves the photosynthetic efficiency of plants, increasing the transpiration rate to 1.5 to 2 times that under normal light conditions. Furthermore, this invention utilizes the passive transport characteristics of boron in the xylem to effectively promote the accumulation of boron in the aboveground parts, especially the apical meristem, resulting in a significant increase in boron content in seedlings and a significant reduction in the incidence of apical necrosis, thus alleviating the existing problem of apical meristem necrosis in plants.

[0020] In a specific embodiment, the seeds are rapeseed, fruit tree, or legume seeds. The boron solution is an H3BO3 solution.

[0021] The method described in this invention, which utilizes photoperiod regulation to control boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants, can effectively avoid plant growth stagnation caused by apical necrosis due to boron deficiency. This method has significant application value for the safe production and quality improvement of boron-sensitive crops such as rapeseed, fruit trees, and legumes. Furthermore, by precisely improving the transport efficiency of boron within plants, the amount of boron fertilizer applied can be reduced, decreasing the accumulation and residue of boron in the soil, thus helping to mitigate agricultural non-point source pollution and reduce environmental risks. Even under adverse conditions such as drought and salinity, the method can maintain effective boron transport and supply, ensuring normal plant growth and development, and enhancing the adaptability and stability of crops in undesirable environments.

[0022] Specifically, in the step of preparing the growth solution, the boron content of the growth solution is 0.05–25 µM.

[0023] Adding boron solution to the nutrient solution to supplement the aforementioned boron content can activate the plant's efficient transport mechanism. When the boron content is higher than 25 μM, it inhibits transpiration, thereby reducing boron transport. When the boron content is lower than 0.05 μM, it cannot meet the plant's basic growth requirements, leading to seedling wilting.

[0024] Specifically, in the step of preparing the growth solution, the nutrient solution contains 2.4–2.6 mM Ca, 0.9–1 mM K, and 0.4–0.7 µM Cu.

[0025] The nutrient solution uses the above-mentioned Ca, K, and Cu elements, and the Ca content is controlled. 2+ K + and Cu 2+ The ratio of cations is balanced to avoid antagonism with boron, such as Cu. 2+ Excessive levels of boron will compete for binding sites on boron transport proteins, leading to a decrease in the efficiency of boron transport.

[0026] Specifically, in the step of preparing the growth medium, the components of the nutrient solution include: .

[0027] In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the growth solution comprises the following components: 2.5 mM Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, 1 mM KH2PO4, KCl, 2 mM MgSO4·7H2O, 2.0 mM K2SO4, 50 µM FeSO4·7H2O, 50 µM EDTA·Na2, 2 µM MnCl2, 4 µM ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.5 µM CuSO4·5H2O, and 1 µM (NH4)6Mo7O. 24 ·4H2O and 0.1µM H3BO3.

[0028] Specifically, in the step of preparing the growth medium, the pH value of the nutrient solution is 5.0 to 6.5.

[0029] When the pH of the nutrient solution is maintained between 5.0 and 6.5, boron mainly exists as soluble H3BO3 molecules, which are the most easily absorbed form by plants. Therefore, maintaining an acidic solution with a pH of 5.0 to 6.5 is beneficial for seedling absorption and utilization. If the pH of the nutrient solution is greater than 7.0, insoluble borates will form, reducing the absorption and utilization rate of seedlings.

[0030] Specifically, in the supplemental lighting cultivation step, the supplemental lighting time is 8 to 20 hours per day, and the cultivation environment temperature is 18 to 27℃.

[0031] Extending the light exposure time can increase the photosynthetic activity time, thereby increasing the accumulation of photosynthetic products. The accumulation of sucrose, a photosynthetic product, can be increased by more than 35.7%. The osmotic regulation effect of sucrose can reduce the water potential of xylem sap and promote the "solute drag effect" of boron, thereby promoting the transport of boron to the plant tip.

[0032] Using the above-mentioned cultivation temperature maintains the fluidity of plant cell membranes and ensures the activity of boron transport proteins, such as the BOR1 homolog. When the cultivation temperature is below 18℃, xylem loading efficiency is inhibited, leading to a decrease in boron transport efficiency.

[0033] Specifically, in the supplemental lighting cultivation step, the growth period of plant seedlings is 24–27 days.

[0034] In one specific embodiment of the invention, the seedling growth period is 25 days. Boron transport within the plant is a relatively slow, passive process, dependent on the pull of transpiration. Although longer light exposure increases the transpiration rate by 1.5 to 2 times, the process of boron absorption from the rhizosphere, its long-distance transport through the xylem, and its eventual accumulation at a detectable differential level in the shoot apical meristem requires time. Supplemental lighting for 24 to 27 days is necessary to effectively alleviate necrosis of the plant's apical meristem.

[0035] Specifically, in the seed cleaning step, the temperature range of the dark environment is 23-27℃, and the soaking time is 7.5-8 hours.

[0036] Using the above-mentioned temperature and soaking time ensures that the seeds can absorb enough water to germinate. The dark environment is used to control light variables, ensure consistent germination points, and eliminate premature interference.

[0037] Example Group A A method for regulating boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiodism includes the following steps: Seed cleaning: "Zhongwan No. 6" was selected as the seed for the experiment. The seeds were sterilized and then placed in a light-proof environment at 25°C and soaked in deboronized water for 8 hours. Since ordinary water or soil may contain trace amounts of boron, which may interfere with the experiment, deboronized water prepared by ion exchange resin and other methods was used to ensure that the boron content in the soaking environment was close to zero. This ensured that all seeds had a very low and consistent boron content at the beginning of the experiment, thereby eliminating individual differences and reducing variables. Seedling cultivation: Place the cleaned seeds in a humid, dark environment at 25℃ to allow them to germinate into plant seedlings. The root length of the plant seedlings is 3-4 cm. Preparation of growth medium: First, add boron solution to the nutrient solution to prepare the growth medium. The nutrient solution includes the following components: 2.5 mM Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, 1 mM KH2PO4, KCl, 2 mM MgSO4·7H2O, 2.0 mM K2SO4, 50 µM FeSO4·7H2O, 50 µM EDTA·Na2, 2 µM MnCl2, 4 µM ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.5 µM CuSO4·5H2O, 1 µM (NH4)6Mo7O 24 • 4H2O; pH of the growth solution was 5.5; the H3BO3 content of the growth solution in Example 1 was 0.1 µM; the H3BO3 content of the growth solution in Example 2 was 0.05 µM; the H3BO3 content of the growth solution in Example 3 was 25 µM; the H3BO3 content of the growth solution in Comparative Example 1 was 0.01 µM; the H3BO3 content of the growth solution in Comparative Example 2 was 30 µM. Supplemental lighting cultivation: Plant seedlings are placed in containers containing growth solution, allowing the roots of the seedlings to be immersed in the growth solution, and supplemental lighting is provided until the seedlings complete their growth period; the supplemental lighting time is 8 hours, the cultivation environment temperature is 25℃, and the growth period is 25 days; the wavelength range of the supplemental lighting is 583.2nm.

[0038] After culturing for 25 days in growth solutions with different H3BO3 contents, observations revealed that the plant seedlings in Example 1 showed better growth, while no apical necrosis was observed in Examples 2 and 3. However, the plant seedlings in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 showed poorer growth. This is because when the boron content is 0.01 µM, the boron content is limited, and the amount of boron that the plants can absorb is also limited, affecting plant growth. When the boron content is 30 µM, the boron content is high, which begins to inhibit transpiration, reducing boron transport and affecting plant growth.

[0039] Example Group B A method for regulating boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiodism includes the following steps: Seed cleaning: "Zhongwan No. 6" was selected as the test seed. The seeds were sterilized and then placed in a light-proof environment at 25℃ and soaked in deboron water for 8 hours. Seedling cultivation: Place the cleaned seeds in a humid, dark environment at 25℃ to allow them to germinate into plant seedlings. The root length of the plant seedlings is 3-4 cm. Preparation of growth medium: First, add boron solution to the nutrient solution to prepare the growth medium, which includes the following components: 2.5 mM Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, 1 mM KH2PO4, KCl, 2 mM MgSO4·7H2O, 2.0 mM K2SO4, 50 µM FeSO4·7H2O, 50 µM EDTA·Na2, 2 µM MnCl2, 4 µM ZnSO4·7H2O, 0.5 µM CuSO4·5H2O, 1 µM (NH4)6Mo7O 24 • 4H₂O and 0.1µM H₃BO₃; the pH of the growth medium is 5.5; Supplemental lighting cultivation: Plant seedlings are placed in containers containing growth solution, allowing the roots of the seedlings to be immersed in the growth solution, and supplemental lighting is provided until the seedlings complete their growth period; wherein, the supplemental lighting time in Example 4 is 12 hours, the supplemental lighting time in Example 5 is 16 hours, and the supplemental lighting time in Example 6 is 20 hours; the cultivation environment temperature is 25℃, the growth period is 25 days; and the wavelength range of the supplemental lighting is 583.2 nm.

[0040] The plant seedlings of Examples 1, 4, 5, and 6 were observed, and the aboveground plant height, root plant height, fresh weight, and dry weight of peas were measured. Samples of the plant seedlings from Examples 1, 4, 5, and 6 were also taken for boron content determination. The test results are shown below. Figures 1-3 .

[0041] Please refer to Figure 1 As the photoperiod lengthens, the apical necrosis that occurs with short photoperiods is avoided. The plant seedlings in Example 6 have flowered at the top and are growing better and better.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 2 Example 6 showed significant results. Compared with Example 1, which had a short light duration, the plant height, fresh weight, and dry weight of the aboveground parts and roots increased by 33.7%, 24.3%, 62.4%, 75%, 77%, and 80.9%, respectively.

[0043] Please refer to Figure 3 As the photoperiod lengthened, the boron content at the pea shoot tip gradually increased. Under long photoperiod conditions, the boron content at the pea shoot tips of Examples 4, 5, and 6 increased by 28.0%, 134.6%, and 196.5% respectively compared to Example 1 with short photoperiod.

[0044] The technical principles of the present invention have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are merely for explaining the principles of the invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the invention in any way. Based on this explanation, those skilled in the art can readily conceive of other specific embodiments of the invention without inventive effort, and these equivalent variations or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for regulating boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Seed cleaning: Sterilize the seeds, then place the sterilized seeds in a dark environment and soak them; Seedling cultivation: Place the cleaned seeds in a moist and dark environment to allow them to germinate into plant seedlings. The roots of the plant seedlings are 3-4 cm long. Preparation of growth medium: First, add boron element solution to the nutrient solution to prepare the growth medium; Supplemental lighting cultivation: Place the plant seedlings in a container filled with growth solution, immerse the roots of the plant seedlings in the growth solution, and provide supplemental lighting until the plant seedlings complete their growth period; the wavelength range of the supplemental lighting is 560nm~600nm.

2. The method for regulating boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod control according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of preparing the growth solution, the boron content of the growth solution is 0.05–25 µM.

3. The method for regulating boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod control according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of preparing the growth medium, the nutrient solution contains 2.4–2.6 mM Ca, 0.9–1 mM K, and 0.4–0.7 µM Cu.

4. The method for regulating boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod control according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of preparing the growth medium, the components of the nutrient solution include: 。 5. The method for regulating boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod control according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of preparing the growth medium, the pH value of the nutrient solution is 5.0 to 6.

5.

6. The method for regulating boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod control according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the supplemental lighting cultivation process, the supplemental lighting time is 8 to 20 hours per day, and the cultivation environment temperature is 18 to 27℃.

7. The method for controlling boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the supplemental lighting cultivation process, the growth period of plant seedlings is 24–27 days.

8. A method for regulating boron transport to the aboveground parts of plants using photoperiod control according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the seed cleaning process, the temperature range of the dark environment is 23–27℃, and the soaking time is 7.5–8 hours.

Images