Preparation process of astragalus polysaccharide powder

Abstract

The application relates to the field of astragalus extract technology, in particular to a preparation process of astragalus polysaccharide powder. The preparation process of the astragalus polysaccharide powder comprises the following steps: soaking astragalus medicinal materials in a soaking liquid, heating to extract astragalus polysaccharide and astragalus glycoside, separating liquid phase, concentrating the liquid phase to obtain concentrated liquid, adding a biological wrapping agent, spray drying, and obtaining astragalus polysaccharide powder; the soaking liquid comprises a co-crystal solvent and water; the biological wrapping agent can wrap the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragalus glycoside. The co-crystal solvent changes the crystal structure of the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragalus glycoside through non-covalent interaction, improves the solubility of the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragalus glycoside, and the soaking liquid heating extraction can significantly improve the extraction rate of the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragalus glycoside compared with pure water heating extraction. The biological wrapping agent is a substance that can be eaten by livestock and poultry.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of astragalus extract, in particular to a preparation process of astragalus polysaccharide powder. BACKGROUND

[0002] Astragalus is the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus Bge. or Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Regel) Hsiao. The pharmacological activity of astragalus is mainly related to two key active ingredients, astragalus polysaccharide and astragaloside. Generally, astragalus contains 20-23 wt% of astragalus polysaccharide and 0.026-0.049 wt% of astragaloside. Astragalus polysaccharide and astragaloside extracted from astragalus are widely used as raw materials for veterinary medicine and feed additives.

[0003] Astragalus polysaccharide can significantly promote the development of animal immune organs (thymus and spleen), activate the phagocytic function of macrophages, promote the proliferation and differentiation of T and B lymphocytes, induce the production of cytokines such as interferon (IFN) and interleukin (IL) in the body, and thus comprehensively and efficiently enhance the non-specific and specific immune functions of the body. Astragaloside can improve myocardial contractility, protect myocardium, and has the pharmacological effects of enhancing immunity and resisting viruses. After livestock and poultry eat astragalus polysaccharide and astragaloside, their ability to resist viral and bacterial infections is significantly improved.

[0004] Industrial extraction of astragalus polysaccharide and astragaloside is mostly carried out by water extraction and alcohol precipitation. The water extraction and alcohol precipitation process route is as follows: first, astragalus is soaked in water and heated for several hours to obtain an extract, then ethanol is added after concentration, and astragalus polysaccharide is precipitated by taking advantage of its property of dissolving in water but not in ethanol. Astragaloside remains in the liquid phase because it is slightly soluble in water but soluble in ethanol. The precipitated astragalus polysaccharide is redissolved in water, precipitated with alcohol, purified, etc. to obtain astragalus polysaccharide, and the liquid phase is subjected to steps such as vacuum recovery of ethanol, extraction, and refinement to obtain astragaloside. The astragalus polysaccharide and astragaloside obtained by alcohol extraction have high purity, but the extraction rate is low. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the problem of low extraction rate of astragalus polysaccharide and astragaloside, the present application provides a method for simultaneously extracting astragalus polysaccharide and astragaloside from astragalus, which can make full use of astragalus resources and improve the extraction rate of astragalus polysaccharide and astragaloside.

[0006] The technical solution of the present application is as follows: a preparation process of astragalus polysaccharide powder, comprising: soaking astragalus medicinal materials in a soaking liquid, heating to extract astragalus polysaccharide and astragaloside, separating the liquid phase, concentrating the liquid phase to obtain a concentrated liquid, adding a biological encapsulating agent, and spray drying to obtain astragalus polysaccharide powder; the soaking liquid comprises a eutectic solvent and water; the biological encapsulating agent can encapsulate astragalus polysaccharide and astragaloside.

[0007] By adopting the technical scheme, the eutectic solvent changes the crystal structure of the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragaloside A through non-covalent interaction (such as hydrogen bond), and improves the solubility of the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragaloside A. Compared with the heating extraction of pure water, the heating extraction of the soaking solution can significantly improve the extraction rate of the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragaloside A. The biological coating agent is a substance that can be eaten by livestock and poultry.

[0008] The preferred scheme of the preparation process of the astragalus polysaccharide powder is that the eutectic solvent comprises a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor, the hydrogen bond donor is ethylene glycol or glycerol, and the hydrogen bond acceptor is chitosan quaternary ammonium salt or choline chloride.

[0009] By adopting the technical scheme, the -OH of the hydrogen bond donor and the Cl of the quaternary ammonium group can form hydrogen bonds with the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragaloside A, thereby improving the solubility of the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragaloside A. - The chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in the present application is also known as hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan. The hydroxyl and acetyl amino groups of the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt can act as both hydrogen bond donors and hydrogen bond acceptors, and can form hydrogen bonds with the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragaloside A, thereby improving the solubility of the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragaloside A.

[0010] The preferred scheme of the preparation process of the astragalus polysaccharide powder is that the concentration of the hydrogen bond donor in the soaking solution is 1wt%-2wt%, and the concentration of the hydrogen bond acceptor in the soaking solution is 1wt%-2wt%.

[0011] By adopting the technical scheme, the hydrogen bond donor and the hydrogen bond acceptor at the concentration can cooperate with each other to improve the solubility of the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragaloside A.

[0012] The preferred scheme of the preparation process of the astragalus polysaccharide powder is that the soaking solution is used to soak the astragalus medicinal material for several times, heating extraction is performed each time, the liquid phase is separated, and the liquid phases are combined and concentrated; the total mass ratio of the astragalus medicinal material to the soaking solution is 1:(12-16); and the heating extraction is boiling extraction of the soaking solution for 2.5-3h.

[0013] By adopting the technical scheme, the soaking and extraction can be performed for 1-3 times, preferably 2 times, and the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragaloside A in the astragalus are fully extracted into the soaking solution.

[0014] The preferred scheme of the preparation process of the astragalus polysaccharide powder is that before the astragalus medicinal material is soaked in the soaking solution, the astragalus medicinal material is first soaked in liquid ammonia, and then the liquid ammonia is removed, and the astragalus medicinal material is soaked in the soaking solution.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, the soaking solution ammonia can change the structure of the astragalus medicinal material, improve the efficiency of the soaking solution into the astragalus medicinal material, and improve the extraction rate of the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragaloside A. The temperature of the liquid ammonia can be-40℃--34℃.

[0016] The preferred scheme of the preparation process of the astragalus polysaccharide powder is that the mass ratio of the astragalus medicinal material to the liquid ammonia is 1: (3-5), and the astragalus medicinal material is soaked in the liquid ammonia for 0.5-1 h.

[0017] By adopting the above technical scheme, the liquid ammonia can better modify the structure of the astragalus medicinal material and better improve the efficiency of the soaking liquid into the astragalus medicinal material.

[0018] The preferred scheme of the preparation process of the astragalus polysaccharide powder is that the biological coating agent is dextrin or a combination of dextrin and gain powder; the mass of the concentrated liquid is 5%-16% of the mass of the soaking liquid, and the mass of the biological coating agent is 10%-18% of the mass of the concentrated liquid.

[0019] By adopting the above technical scheme, the dextrin and the gain powder can coat the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragalus saponin molecules, to a certain extent, reduce the sensitivity to heat and humidity, improve the stability of the product, and prolong the shelf life. The solid content of the astragalus polysaccharide extract liquid after concentration is too low for direct spray drying. The dextrin is a raw material that is easy to spray dry, and the addition of the dextrin to the concentrated liquid can significantly increase the solid content of the material to be dried, which is easy to be spray dried. The addition of the dextrin can effectively reduce the wall sticking phenomenon of the astragalus polysaccharide in the drying process. The gain powder improves the solubility and the brewing property of the product.

[0020] The preferred scheme of the preparation process of the astragalus polysaccharide powder is that if the mass of the concentrated liquid is 5%-7% of the mass of the soaking liquid, the biological coating agent is dextrin, and the mass of the dextrin is 10%-12% of the mass of the concentrated liquid; if the mass of the concentrated liquid is 13%-16% of the mass of the soaking liquid, the biological coating agent is a combination of dextrin and gain powder, the mass of the dextrin is 10%-12% of the mass of the concentrated liquid, and the mass of the gain powder is 4%-6% of the mass of the concentrated liquid.

[0021] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the concentration degree of the soaking liquid is high, only a small amount of dextrin is used to coat the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragalus saponin molecules, to improve the spray drying efficiency and reduce the wall sticking phenomenon in the spray drying. When the concentration degree of the soaking liquid is low, the dextrin and the gain powder are used to coat the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragalus saponin molecules, to improve the spray drying efficiency and improve the product forming property and the solubility.

[0022] In summary, the preparation process of the astragalus polysaccharide powder has the following beneficial effects: the preparation method is simple, the extraction rate of the astragalus polysaccharide and the astragalus saponin is high, no alcohol precipitation step is needed, no separation and purification of the product is needed, the obtained product is not pure astragalus polysaccharide and astragalus saponin, but meets the requirements of the raw material of the traditional Chinese veterinary medicine and the feed additive. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the steps in Example 1. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the following embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] The same batch of Astragalus membranaceus slices were used for the following examples and comparative experiments. The manufacturer of the Jia Yi powder used in the following examples and comparative experiments was Guangzhou Chengxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the product name is Jinmeiman No. 1 (white-fine powder). The main components are inorganic salts, soluble starch, etc. Example 1

[0026] A preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder, referenced Figure 1 This includes the following steps.

[0027] Preparation of the soaking solution: Add a eutectic solvent to water to obtain the soaking solution. The eutectic solvent includes ethylene glycol (hydrogen bond donor) and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (hydrogen bond acceptor). The concentration of ethylene glycol in the soaking solution is 1.5 wt%, and the concentration of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in the soaking solution is 1.5 wt%.

[0028] Take 600 kg of Astragalus membranaceus slices, add 4.8 tons of soaking solution, boil and extract for 3 hours, and collect the filtrate for later use. Add the residue to 3.6 tons of soaking solution, boil and extract again for 2.5 hours, and collect the filtrate for later use. Combine the two filtrates and centrifuge using a plate centrifuge with a 200-mesh filter cloth. After centrifugation, transfer the filtrate to a vacuum concentration tank at 75℃ and concentrate to 504 kg. Add 60 kg of dextrin (biological encapsulation agent) to the concentrate. When the spray dryer temperature reaches 180℃, start the infusion pump to feed the concentrate. The liquid is transferred to an atomizer at the top of the drying tower, where it disperses into countless micron-sized droplets. High-temperature clean air generated by a hot air furnace enters from the top of the tower, with the inlet temperature set at 160℃~190℃ and the outlet temperature set at 70℃~85℃. The dried astragalus polysaccharide powder falls to the bottom of the drying tower under gravity and is collected by a cyclone separator and a bag filter. The collected astragalus polysaccharide powder is then mixed using a cone mixer to obtain 286 kg of final astragalus polysaccharide powder. Example 2

[0029] A preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder includes the following steps. The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 lies in the different proportions of the soaking solution itself, the different proportions of the soaking solution and Astragalus slices, the different concentration ratios, and the different proportions of the bio-encapsulating agent and the concentrated solution.

[0030] Preparation of the soaking solution: Add a eutectic solvent to water to obtain the soaking solution. The eutectic solvent includes ethylene glycol (hydrogen bond donor) and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (hydrogen bond acceptor). The concentration of ethylene glycol in the soaking solution is 1 wt%, and the concentration of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in the soaking solution is 1 wt%.

[0031] Take 600 kg of Astragalus membranaceus slices, add 4.2 tons of soaking solution, boil and extract for 3 hours, then collect the filtrate for later use. Add 3 tons of soaking solution to the dregs, boil and extract again for 2.5 hours, then collect the filtrate for later use. Combine the two filtrates and centrifuge using a plate centrifuge with a 200-mesh filter cloth. After centrifugation, transfer the filtrate to a vacuum concentration tank at 70℃ and concentrate to 360 kg. Add 36 kg of dextrin (biological encapsulating agent) to the concentrate. When the spray dryer temperature reaches 180℃, start the infusion pump to feed the concentrate. The liquid is transported to an atomizer at the top of the drying tower, where it disperses into countless micron-sized droplets. High-temperature clean air generated by a hot air furnace enters from the top of the tower, with the inlet temperature set at 160℃~190℃ and the outlet temperature set at 70℃~85℃. The dried astragalus polysaccharide powder falls to the bottom of the drying tower under gravity and is collected by a cyclone separator and a bag filter. The collected astragalus polysaccharide powder is then mixed using a cone mixer to obtain 265 kg of final astragalus polysaccharide powder. Example 3

[0032] A preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder includes the following steps. The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is the composition of the soaking solution; the hydrogen bond donor is changed from ethylene glycol to glycerol.

[0033] Preparation of the soaking solution: Add a eutectic solvent to water to obtain the soaking solution. The eutectic solvent includes glycerol (hydrogen bond donor) and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (hydrogen bond acceptor). The concentration of glycerol in the soaking solution is 1.5 wt%, and the concentration of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in the soaking solution is 1 wt%.

[0034] Take 600 kg of Astragalus membranaceus slices, add 4.8 tons of soaking solution, boil and extract for 3 hours, and collect the filtrate for later use. Add the residue to 3.6 tons of soaking solution, boil and extract again for 2.5 hours, and collect the filtrate for later use. Combine the two filtrates and centrifuge using a plate centrifuge with a 200-mesh filter cloth. After centrifugation, transfer the filtrate to a vacuum concentration tank at 75℃ and concentrate to 504 kg. Add 60 kg of dextrin (biological encapsulation agent) to the concentrate. When the spray dryer temperature reaches 180℃, start the infusion pump to feed the concentrate. The liquid is transferred to an atomizer at the top of the drying tower, where it disperses into countless micron-sized droplets. High-temperature clean air generated by a hot air furnace enters from the top of the tower, with the inlet temperature set at 160℃~190℃ and the outlet temperature set at 70℃~85℃. The dried astragalus polysaccharide powder falls to the bottom of the drying tower under gravity and is collected by a cyclone separator and a bag filter. The collected astragalus polysaccharide powder is then mixed using a cone mixer to obtain 283 kg of final astragalus polysaccharide powder. Example 4

[0035] A preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder includes the following steps. The differences between Example 4 and Example 1 are: different components and ratios of the soaking solution, different ratios of the soaking solution and Astragalus slices, different concentration ratios, and different ratios of the bio-encapsulating agent and the concentrated solution.

[0036] Preparation of the soaking solution: Add a eutectic solvent to water to obtain the soaking solution. The eutectic solvent contains glycerol (hydrogen bond donor) and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (hydrogen bond acceptor). The concentration of glycerol in the soaking solution is 2 wt%, and the concentration of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in the soaking solution is 2 wt%.

[0037] Take 600 kg of Astragalus membranaceus slices, add 5.4 tons of soaking solution, boil and extract for 3 hours, and collect the filtrate for later use. Add 4.2 tons of soaking solution to the residue, boil and extract again for 2.5 hours, and collect the filtrate for later use. Combine the two filtrates and centrifuge using a plate centrifuge with a 200-mesh filter cloth. After centrifugation, transfer the filtrate to a vacuum concentration tank at 80℃ and concentrate to 672 kg. Add 74 kg of dextrin (biological encapsulation agent) to the concentrate. When the spray dryer temperature reaches 180℃, start the infusion pump to feed the concentrate. The liquid is transferred to an atomizer at the top of the drying tower, where it disperses into countless micron-sized droplets. High-temperature clean air generated by a hot air furnace enters from the top of the tower, with the inlet temperature set at 160℃~190℃ and the outlet temperature set at 70℃~85℃. The dried astragalus polysaccharide powder falls to the bottom of the drying tower under gravity and is collected by a cyclone separator and a bag filter. The collected astragalus polysaccharide powder is then mixed using a cone mixer to obtain 302 kg of final astragalus polysaccharide powder. Example 5

[0038] A preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder includes the following steps. The difference between Example 5 and Example 1 is the different concentration ratio, the different bio-encapsulating agent, and the different ratio of the bio-encapsulating agent to the concentrated solution.

[0039] Preparation of the soaking solution: Add a eutectic solvent to water to obtain the soaking solution. The eutectic solvent includes ethylene glycol (hydrogen bond donor) and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (hydrogen bond acceptor). The concentration of ethylene glycol in the soaking solution is 1.5 wt%, and the concentration of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in the soaking solution is 1.5 wt%.

[0040] Take 600 kg of Astragalus membranaceus slices, add 4.8 tons of soaking solution, boil and extract for 3 hours, and collect the filtrate for later use. Add the residue to 3.6 tons of soaking solution, boil and extract again for 2.5 hours, and collect the filtrate for later use. Combine the two filtrates and centrifuge using a plate centrifuge with a 200-mesh filter cloth. After centrifugation, transfer the filtrate to a vacuum concentration tank at 75℃ and concentrate to 1200 kg. Add 140 kg of dextrin and 60 kg of gluten powder (biological encapsulation agent) to the concentrate. When the spray dryer temperature reaches 180℃, start the infusion pump. Feeding: The concentrated liquid is transferred to the atomizer at the top of the drying tower. The atomizer disperses the liquid into countless micron-sized droplets. High-temperature clean air generated by the hot air furnace enters from the top of the tower. The inlet air temperature is set at 160℃~190℃, and the outlet air temperature is set at 70℃~85℃. The dried astragalus polysaccharide powder falls to the bottom of the drying tower under gravity and is collected by a cyclone separator and a bag filter. The collected astragalus polysaccharide powder is mixed using a cone mixer to obtain the final astragalus polysaccharide powder of 414 kg. Example 6

[0041] A preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder includes the following steps. The difference between Example 6 and Example 2 is the different concentration ratio, the different bio-encapsulating agent, and the different ratio of the bio-encapsulating agent to the concentrated solution.

[0042] Preparation of the soaking solution: Add a eutectic solvent to water to obtain the soaking solution. The eutectic solvent includes ethylene glycol (hydrogen bond donor) and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (hydrogen bond acceptor). The concentration of ethylene glycol in the soaking solution is 1 wt%, and the concentration of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in the soaking solution is 1 wt%.

[0043] Take 600 kg of Astragalus membranaceus slices, add 4.2 tons of soaking solution, boil and extract for 3 hours, and extract the filtrate for later use. Add 3 tons of soaking solution to the residue, boil and extract again for 2.5 hours, and extract the filtrate for later use. Combine the two filtrates and centrifuge using a plate centrifuge with a 200-mesh filter cloth. After centrifugation, transfer the filtrate to a vacuum concentration tank at 70℃ and concentrate to 1152 kg. Add 138 kg of dextrin and 69 kg of gluten powder (biological encapsulation agent) to the concentrate. When the spray dryer temperature reaches 180℃, start the infusion pump to... The concentrated liquid is transferred to an atomizer at the top of the drying tower, where it disperses into countless micron-sized droplets. High-temperature clean air generated by a hot air furnace enters from the top of the tower, with the inlet temperature set at 160℃~190℃ and the outlet temperature set at 70℃~85℃. The dried astragalus polysaccharide powder falls to the bottom of the drying tower under gravity and is collected by a cyclone separator and a bag filter. The collected astragalus polysaccharide powder is then mixed using a cone mixer to obtain 419 kg of final astragalus polysaccharide powder. Example 7

[0044] A preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder includes the following steps. The difference between Example 7 and Example 3 is the different concentration ratio, the different bio-encapsulating agent, and the different ratio of the bio-encapsulating agent to the concentrated solution.

[0045] Preparation of the soaking solution: Add a eutectic solvent to water to obtain the soaking solution. The eutectic solvent includes glycerol (hydrogen bond donor) and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (hydrogen bond acceptor). The concentration of glycerol in the soaking solution is 1.5 wt%, and the concentration of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in the soaking solution is 1 wt%.

[0046] Take 600 kg of Astragalus membranaceus slices, add 4.8 tons of soaking solution, boil and extract for 3 hours, and collect the filtrate for later use. Add the residue to 3.6 tons of soaking solution, boil and extract again for 2.5 hours, and collect the filtrate for later use. Combine the two filtrates and centrifuge using a plate centrifuge with a 200-mesh filter cloth. After centrifugation, transfer the filtrate to a vacuum concentration tank at 75℃ and concentrate to 1200 kg. Add 140 kg of dextrin and 60 kg of gluten powder (biological encapsulation agent) to the concentrate. When the spray dryer temperature reaches 180℃, start the infusion pump. Feeding: The concentrated liquid is transferred to the atomizer at the top of the drying tower. The atomizer disperses the liquid into countless micron-sized droplets. High-temperature clean air generated by the hot air furnace enters from the top of the tower. The inlet air temperature is set at 160℃~190℃, and the outlet air temperature is set at 70℃~85℃. The dried astragalus polysaccharide powder falls to the bottom of the drying tower under gravity and is collected by a cyclone separator and a bag filter. The collected astragalus polysaccharide powder is mixed using a cone mixer to obtain 416 kg of final astragalus polysaccharide powder. Example 8

[0047] A preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder includes the following steps. The difference between Example 8 and Example 4 is the different concentration ratio, the different bio-encapsulating agent, and the different ratio of the bio-encapsulating agent to the concentrated solution.

[0048] Preparation of the soaking solution: Add a eutectic solvent to water to obtain the soaking solution. The eutectic solvent contains glycerol (hydrogen bond donor) and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (hydrogen bond acceptor). The concentration of glycerol in the soaking solution is 2 wt%, and the concentration of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in the soaking solution is 2 wt%.

[0049] Take 600 kg of Astragalus membranaceus slices, add 5.4 tons of soaking solution, boil and extract for 3 hours, and extract the filtrate for later use. Add 4.2 tons of soaking solution to the dregs, boil and extract again for 2.5 hours, and extract the filtrate for later use. Combine the two filtrates and centrifuge using a plate centrifuge with a 200-mesh filter cloth. After centrifugation, transfer the filtrate to a vacuum concentration tank at 80℃ and concentrate to 1248 kg. Add 124 kg of dextrin and 50 kg of gluten powder (biological encapsulation agent) to the concentrate. When the spray dryer temperature reaches 180℃, start the infusion pump. Feeding: The concentrated liquid is transferred to the atomizer at the top of the drying tower. The atomizer disperses the liquid into countless micron-sized droplets. High-temperature clean air generated by the hot air furnace enters from the top of the tower. The inlet air temperature is set at 160℃~190℃, and the outlet air temperature is set at 70℃~85℃. The dried astragalus polysaccharide powder falls to the bottom of the drying tower under gravity and is collected by a cyclone separator and a bag filter. The collected astragalus polysaccharide powder is mixed using a cone mixer to obtain the final astragalus polysaccharide powder of 363kg. Example 9

[0050] This embodiment provides a preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder. The only difference from Example 1 is that chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is replaced with choline chloride. The concentration of choline chloride in the soaking solution is also 1.5 wt%, resulting in 275 kg of final Astragalus polysaccharide powder. Example 10

[0051] This embodiment provides a preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder. The only difference from Embodiment 3 is that chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is replaced with choline chloride. The concentration of choline chloride in the soaking solution is also 1.5 wt%, resulting in 282 kg of final Astragalus polysaccharide powder. Example 11

[0052] This embodiment provides a preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder. The only difference from Example 5 is that chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is replaced with choline chloride. The concentration of choline chloride in the soaking solution is also 1.5 wt%, resulting in 410 kg of final Astragalus polysaccharide powder. Example 12

[0053] This embodiment provides a preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder. The only difference from Example 7 is that chitosan quaternary ammonium salt is replaced with choline chloride. The concentration of choline chloride in the soaking solution is also 1.5 wt%, resulting in 416 kg of final Astragalus polysaccharide powder. Example 13

[0054] This embodiment provides a preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder. The only difference from Embodiment 1 is that, before soaking the Astragalus medicinal material in the soaking solution, the Astragalus medicinal material is first soaked in liquid ammonia at -40℃ for 0.5 hours, with a mass ratio of Astragalus medicinal material to liquid ammonia of 1:3. Then, the liquid ammonia is removed, and the Astragalus medicinal material is soaked in the soaking solution. This embodiment yields 291 kg of final Astragalus polysaccharide powder. Example 14

[0055] This embodiment provides a preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder. The only difference from Embodiment 3 is that, before soaking the Astragalus medicinal material in the soaking solution, the Astragalus medicinal material is first soaked in liquid ammonia at -34℃ for 1 hour, with a mass ratio of Astragalus medicinal material to liquid ammonia of 1:5. Then, the liquid ammonia is removed, and the Astragalus medicinal material is soaked in the soaking solution. This embodiment yields 297 kg of final Astragalus polysaccharide powder. Example 15

[0056] This embodiment provides a preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder. The only difference from Embodiment 5 is that, before soaking the Astragalus medicinal material in the soaking solution, the Astragalus medicinal material is first soaked in liquid ammonia at -38℃ for 0.5 hours, with a mass ratio of Astragalus medicinal material to liquid ammonia of 1:4. Then, the liquid ammonia is removed, and the Astragalus medicinal material is soaked in the soaking solution. This embodiment yields 440 kg of final Astragalus polysaccharide powder. Example 16

[0057] This embodiment provides a preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder. The only difference from Embodiment 7 is that, before soaking the Astragalus medicinal material in the soaking solution, the Astragalus medicinal material is first soaked in liquid ammonia at -36℃ for 1 hour, with a mass ratio of Astragalus medicinal material to liquid ammonia of 1:4. Then, the liquid ammonia is removed, and the Astragalus medicinal material is soaked in the soaking solution. This embodiment yields 446 kg of the final Astragalus polysaccharide powder.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] This comparative example provides a preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder. The only difference from Example 1 is that pure water is used instead of the soaking solution to soak the Astragalus slices. This comparative example yielded 264 kg of final Astragalus polysaccharide powder.

[0060] Comparative Example 2

[0061] This comparative example provides a preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder. The only difference from Example 3 is that pure water is used instead of the soaking solution to soak the Astragalus slices. This comparative example yielded 279 kg of final Astragalus polysaccharide powder.

[0062] Comparative Example 3

[0063] This comparative example provides a preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder. The only difference from Example 5 is that pure water is used instead of the soaking solution to soak the Astragalus slices. This comparative example yielded 398 kg of final Astragalus polysaccharide powder.

[0064] Comparative Example 4

[0065] This comparative example provides a preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder, the only difference from Example 7 being that pure water is used instead of the soaking solution to soak the Astragalus slices. This comparative example yielded 410 kg of final Astragalus polysaccharide powder.

[0066] Experimental Example 1

[0067] The Astragalus polysaccharide powders obtained in Examples 1-16 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were subjected to high performance liquid chromatography to detect the content of Astragalus polysaccharide and Astragaloside A in the Astragalus polysaccharide powder. Based on these contents, the yield of Astragalus polysaccharide and Astragaloside A in each example and comparative example was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0068] Table 1. Content of Astragalus Polysaccharides and Astragaloside A in Astragalus Polysaccharide Powder

[0069]

[0070] The samples and their masses used in Examples 1-16 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were the same. As can be seen from Table 1, the products produced in Examples 1-8 contained greater masses of astragalus polysaccharides and astragaloside A than those produced in Examples 9-12, the products produced in Examples 13-16 contained greater masses of astragalus polysaccharides and astragaloside A than those produced in Examples 1-8, and the products produced in Examples 9-12 contained greater masses of astragalus polysaccharides and astragaloside A than those produced in Comparative Examples 1-4.

[0071] Based on the experimental conditions of each embodiment and comparative example, and analyzing the data in Table 1, it can be seen that: Examples 1-8, using glycerol or ethylene glycol as hydrogen bond donors and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt as hydrogen bond acceptors, with both hydrogen bond donors and acceptors as co-crystal solvents added to water to soak Astragalus membranaceus slices, achieved higher extraction rates of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides and astragaloside A than Examples 9-12, which used glycerol or ethylene glycol as hydrogen bond donors and choline chloride as hydrogen bond acceptors. Examples 9-12, using glycerol or ethylene glycol as hydrogen bond donors and choline chloride as hydrogen bond acceptors, together as co-crystal solvents added to water to soak Astragalus membranaceus slices, achieved higher extraction rates of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides and astragaloside A than Comparative Examples 1-4, which used pure water as the extraction solution. If, as in Examples 13-16, the Astragalus membranaceus slices are further soaked in liquid ammonia at a temperature of -40℃ to -34℃ for 0.5-1 hour before extraction, the extraction rates of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides and astragaloside A can be further improved.

[0072] The preparation process of Astragalus polysaccharide powder in this application has a high extraction rate of Astragalus polysaccharide and Astragaloside A, does not require an alcohol precipitation step, and does not require product separation and purification. The obtained product meets the requirements for use as a raw material for traditional Chinese veterinary medicine and feed additive.

[0073] Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A preparation process for Astragalus polysaccharide powder, characterized in that, Astragalus root is soaked in an infusion solution, heated to extract astragalus polysaccharides and astragaloside A, the liquid phase is separated, the liquid phase is concentrated to obtain a concentrated solution, a bio-encapsulating agent is added, and spray-dried to obtain astragalus polysaccharide powder; the infusion solution includes a co-crystallizing solvent and water; the bio-encapsulating agent can encapsulate astragalus polysaccharides and astragaloside A. The eutectic solvent includes a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor, wherein the hydrogen bond donor is ethylene glycol or glycerol, and the hydrogen bond acceptor is a chitosan quaternary ammonium salt; Before soaking the astragalus root in the soaking solution, first soak the astragalus root in liquid ammonia, then remove the liquid ammonia, and then soak the astragalus root in the soaking solution. The mass ratio of the Astragalus membranaceus to the liquid ammonia is 1:(3~5), and the Astragalus membranaceus is soaked in the liquid ammonia for 0.5~1h. The temperature of the liquid ammonia is -40℃ to -34℃.

2. The preparation process of Astragalus polysaccharide powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the hydrogen bond donor in the immersion solution is 1wt%~2wt%, and the concentration of the hydrogen bond acceptor in the immersion solution is 1wt%~2wt%.

3. The preparation process of Astragalus polysaccharide powder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The soaking solution is used to soak the Astragalus membranaceus herb in several batches. Each soaking is followed by heating and extraction, and the liquid phase is separated and then combined for concentration. The total mass ratio of the Astragalus membranaceus herb to the soaking solution is 1:(12~16). The heating and extraction is performed by heating the soaking solution to boiling for 2.5~3 hours.

4. The preparation process of Astragalus polysaccharide powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bio-encapsulating agent is dextrin or a combination of dextrin and gluten powder; the mass of the concentrated solution is 5% to 16% of the mass of the soaking solution, and the mass of the bio-encapsulating agent is 10% to 18% of the mass of the concentrated solution.

5. The preparation process of Astragalus polysaccharide powder according to claim 4, characterized in that, If the mass of the concentrate is 5% to 7% of the mass of the soaking solution, then the bio-encapsulating agent is dextrin, and the mass of the dextrin is 10% to 12% of the mass of the concentrate; if the mass of the concentrate is 13% to 16% of the mass of the soaking solution, then the bio-encapsulating agent is a combination of dextrin and gluten powder, where the mass of the dextrin is 10% to 12% of the mass of the concentrate and the mass of the gluten powder is 4% to 6% of the mass of the concentrate.

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