SLS multi-component composite powder laying defect compensation system and method based on vision

Abstract

The invention provides a vision-based SLS (selective laser sintering) multi-component composite powder laying defect compensation system and method.The system comprises an upper computer, a laser scanning system, a vision monitoring system, a powder laying platform, a forming piston, a multi-component composite powder laying system and a multi-component waste recycling system; the multi-component composite powder spreading system comprises a powder spreading vehicle feeding system, a multi-component extrusion powder system and a multi-component feeding system. According to the method, real-time, efficient and accurate monitoring and closed-loop compensation of the melting channel defects in the multi-component SLS environment can be achieved, and the production efficiency and the product yield of complex multi-material components are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing technology, and more particularly to a vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Additive manufacturing technology has evolved from initial prototype manufacturing to direct and mass production over the past 40 years. However, powder bed-based additive manufacturing technologies, such as selective laser sintering (SLS) of multi-component composite powders, are prone to melt channel defects during the multi-material inter-sintering process, leading to molding failure. Current research struggles to encompass the combined factors of differences in the thermal properties of multi-component powders, the complexity of interfacial bonding, and real-time powder spreading interference. There is a lack of precise online identification methods for subtle defects generated by layer-by-layer melt channels in workpieces (such as incomplete fusion at interfaces, voids, cracks, and uneven melt channel morphology), making them difficult to apply in actual production. Therefore, establishing an online monitoring and real-time compensation system for multi-component SLS melt channel defects, enabling real-time monitoring and dynamic compensation of melt channel defects during manufacturing, is an essential requirement for the further development and application of high-performance multi-material additive manufacturing technology. Selective laser sintering (SLS), especially multi-component composite powder-lay SLS, is a promising technology in aerospace (e.g., graded functional components), medical devices (e.g., biomimetic composite scaffolds), and automotive manufacturing (e.g., lightweight integrated parts). However, it is prone to unique defects such as incomplete fusion, voids, compositional segregation, and melt channel deformation during multi-material co-sintering, severely affecting the product quality and performance of heterogeneous components. Traditional defect detection methods rely on post-processing inspection, which is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive but also cannot intervene in the process at the moment the defect occurs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical issues, a vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system and method are provided. This system enables real-time, efficient, and accurate monitoring and closed-loop compensation of melt channel defects in a multi-component SLS environment, significantly improving the production efficiency and product yield of complex multi-material components.

[0004] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows: A vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system includes: a host computer and a laser scanning system, a vision monitoring system, a powder spreading platform, a forming piston, a multi-component composite powder spreading system, and a multi-component waste recycling system electrically connected to the host computer. The powder spreading platform is connected to the forming piston and is used to carry the powder to be laser scanned. The multi-component composite powder spreading system includes a powder spreading cart feeding system, a multi-component extrusion powder system, and a multi-component feeding system. The powder spreading cart feeding system is used to supply powder for laser scanning. The multi-component extrusion powder system is used to carry different metal powders and extrude them onto the powder spreading platform. The powder spreading cart is used to evenly spread the powder on the powder spreading platform. The multi-component feeding system is used to store different metal powders and replenish powder after the multi-component extrusion powder system is reset. The multi-component waste recycling system is used to collect the waste extruded when the multi-component extrusion powder system replaces metal powders. The laser scanning module is used to laser scan the powder on the powder spreading platform, ultimately shaping the workpiece; the forming piston is used to adjust the height of the powder spreading platform after each layer is laser scanned. The visual monitoring system is located near the powder spreading platform and is used to monitor melt defects, powder spreading status, and melt compensation results, and upload the monitoring data back to the host computer.

[0005] Furthermore, the laser scanning system includes a laser emitter and a laser scanning system. The laser emitter is used to generate and emit a laser beam and transmit the laser beam to the laser scanning system. The laser scanning system is used to perform laser scanning on the powder on the powder spreading platform using the laser beam.

[0006] Furthermore, the visual monitoring system includes a light source and a CCD camera, with the light source mounted on the CCD camera.

[0007] Furthermore, the powder spreading vehicle includes a powder spreading vehicle hopper, a discharge hopper fixing frame, a powder spreading vehicle discharge hopper, a powder spreading vehicle shell, a discharge drum mechanism, a roller and scraper front end fixing component, a powder spreading roller, a discharge hopper material level sensor, a roller and scraper rear end fixing component, a powder spreading vehicle scraper, and a powder spreading vehicle hopper fixing component. The powder spreading vehicle discharge hopper, powder spreading vehicle shell, discharge drum mechanism, roller and scraper front end fixing component, and roller and scraper rear end fixing component are all installed on the discharge hopper fixing frame. The powder spreading vehicle discharge hopper and discharge drum mechanism are located inside the powder spreading vehicle shell. The powder spreading hopper is installed above the discharge hopper fixing frame and is fixedly connected to the powder spreading hopper shell through the powder spreading hopper fixing component; the powder spreading hopper discharge hopper is connected below the powder spreading hopper, the powder discharge drum mechanism is connected below the powder spreading hopper, the discharge hopper level sensor is connected to the powder spreading hopper and electrically connected to the upper electromechanical unit, the front fixing component of the roller and scraper and the rear fixing component of the roller and scraper are arranged on both sides below the discharge hopper fixing frame, and the two ends of the powder spreading roller and the powder spreading hopper scraper are respectively connected to the front fixing component of the roller and scraper and the rear fixing component of the roller and scraper.

[0008] Furthermore, the powder spreading vehicle also includes a synchronous belt drive motor, a synchronous belt drive motor fixing component, a synchronous belt, a synchronous belt pulley, and a synchronous belt bearing. The synchronous belt drive motor fixing component is installed on the material discharge hopper fixing frame, the synchronous belt drive motor is installed on the synchronous belt drive motor fixing component, and the output end of the synchronous belt drive motor is connected to one side of the synchronous belt. The other side of the synchronous belt is connected to the synchronous belt pulley and the synchronous belt bearing. The synchronous belt pulley is fixedly connected to one side of the powder spreading roller, and the synchronous belt bearing is fixedly connected to one side of the powder spreading vehicle scraper.

[0009] Furthermore, the powder-feeding rotary drum mechanism includes a powder-feeding rotary drum drive motor, a powder-feeding rotary drum drive motor fixing component, a rotating powder-feeding device housing, a powder-feeding rotary drum front bearing, a powder-feeding rotary drum, and a coupling. The powder-feeding rotary drum drive motor fixing component is mounted on the material hopper fixing frame, and the powder-feeding rotary drum drive motor is mounted on the powder-feeding rotary drum drive motor fixing component. The output end of the powder-feeding rotary drum drive motor is connected to one side of the powder-feeding rotary drum through the coupling. The rotating powder-feeding device housing is fixedly connected to the material hopper fixing frame, and the powder-feeding rotary drum front bearing is connected to the other side of the powder-feeding rotary drum.

[0010] Furthermore, the multi-component extrusion powder system includes a multi-component extrusion nozzle, a multi-component level sensor, a powder extrusion mechanism, a multi-component fixed pipe, a multi-component conveying pipe, a multi-component extrusion mechanism flange, and a multi-component feed pipe. The upper and lower ends of the multi-component fixed pipe are respectively fixedly connected to the multi-component extrusion mechanism flange and the powder extrusion mechanism. The multi-component feed pipe is installed above the multi-component extrusion mechanism flange and is connected to the powder extrusion mechanism through the multi-component conveying pipe. The multi-component extrusion nozzle is connected below the powder extrusion mechanism. The multi-component level sensor is connected to the multi-component extrusion nozzle and is electrically connected to the host computer.

[0011] Furthermore, the multi-component extrusion powder system also includes a multi-component base mechanism and motor fixing component and a lead screw motor module. The multi-component base mechanism and motor fixing component are fixedly connected to the flange of the multi-component extrusion mechanism. The lead screw motor module is installed on the material discharge hopper fixing frame and is fixedly connected to the multi-component base mechanism and motor fixing component.

[0012] Furthermore, the powder extrusion mechanism includes an extrusion screw, an extrusion screw front bearing, a lower housing of the powder extrusion mechanism, an upper housing of the powder extrusion mechanism, a screw drive motor fixing component, and an extrusion screw drive motor. The lower housing and the upper housing of the powder extrusion mechanism are fixedly connected to form a housing. The multi-component extrusion nozzle of the multi-component extrusion powder system is installed on the lower housing of the powder extrusion mechanism. The upper housing of the powder extrusion mechanism is fixedly connected to the multi-component fixed tube of the multi-component extrusion powder system. The extrusion screw drive motor is installed on the lower housing and the upper housing of the powder extrusion mechanism through the screw drive motor fixing component. The extrusion screw is disposed inside the housing. The output end of the extrusion screw drive motor is connected to one end of the extrusion screw, and the other end of the extrusion screw is rotatably connected to the housing through the extrusion screw front bearing.

[0013] This invention also provides a working method for a vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system, comprising the following steps: S1. According to the instructions of the host computer, the powder spreading cart and the multi-component extrusion powder system are activated to evenly spread metal powder on the powder spreading platform. After the powder spreading is completed, the powder spreading cart is activated to move on the powder spreading platform using the powder spreading roller and the powder spreading cart scraper, and pushes the waste material into the corresponding waste recycling bin. When it is necessary to switch to another material, the host computer activates the powder spreading cart to move to zero point, and the previous material is recycled into the corresponding waste recycling bin. The multi-component extrusion powder system transports the required material in the multi-component material tube to the multi-component extrusion nozzle through the extrusion screw for the next extrusion powder spreading. Each time the powder spreading cart returns to zero point, the replenishment bin replenishes the multi-component material tube. Each multi-component material tube is equipped with a material level sensor. When the multi-component material tube is low on material, the host computer will issue an alarm. S2. The laser scanning system performs selective laser sintering under the control of the host computer, scanning the powder layer by layer on the powder spreading platform; a melt channel is formed when the laser scans the powder. S3, the visual monitoring module monitors the melt channel in S2 and transmits the monitoring data back to the host computer; if the monitored melt channel has no defects, the next layer of laser scanning is performed; if a defect in the melt channel is detected, a compensation command is generated based on the monitoring data and transmitted to the multi-component extrusion powder system and the laser scanning system. S4, after receiving the compensation control command from the host computer, performs compensation work on the parts to be repaired on the powder spreading platform according to the compensation command. The multi-component extrusion powder system replenishes materials according to the defect data, and the laser scanning system performs compensation laser scanning according to the defect data. S5. After each compensation, the visual monitoring module detects the compensation status and transmits the detection data back to the host computer. S6. The host computer analyzes the monitoring data in S5. If the compensation is successful, the next layer of laser sintering is performed. S7. Repeat S3 to S6 until the entire melt channel is fully compensated.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system and method provided by this invention integrates machine vision, anti-interference image processing technology, and material level sensors to achieve real-time monitoring and accurate diagnosis of melt channel morphology and powder spreading layer quality during multi-component laser sintering. The system can instantly identify and report defects in the powder spreading process, and significantly reduce the scrap rate and improve the performance of gradient material products through closed-loop control of laser power compensation and multi-component extrusion powder compensation. Simultaneously, the equipment achieves fully automated decision-making, reducing manual intervention by 90% and lowering the operational risks in high-risk environments for multi-component powders (such as metal / ceramic composite powders). Its multi-component extrusion powder module enhances the robustness of the equipment in complex powder bed environments, simplifies the multi-component process debugging process, promotes the industrial application of high-performance gradient material components, and provides core support for the development of multi-component additive manufacturing technology.

[0015] 2. The vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system and method provided by the present invention, which combines the powder spreading vehicle with the multi-component extrusion powder system, can realize large-area single material powder spreading and multi-component material powder spreading.

[0016] 3. The vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system and method provided by the present invention connects each multi-component feed pipe of the multi-component extrusion powder system to the corresponding material feeding bin, and each material has a corresponding waste recycling bin, which can save materials.

[0017] 4. The vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system and method provided by the present invention uses powder spreading rollers and powder spreading scrapers, which can enhance the compactness and smoothness of the powder after spreading.

[0018] 5. The vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system and method provided by the present invention uses an extrusion screw for feeding in the multi-component powder extrusion system, and the amount of powder falling can be controlled by a motor.

[0019] For the reasons stated above, this invention can be widely applied in the field of additive manufacturing. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the powder spreading cart without the powder spreading cart shell and the multi-component extrusion powder system of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the powder spreading cart with a powder spreading cart shell and the multi-component extrusion powder system of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a side view of the powder spreading vehicle and the multi-component extrusion powder system of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is another side view of the powder spreading vehicle and multi-component extrusion powder system of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the powder-feeding rotary drum mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the powder extrusion mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the powder extrusion mechanism of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 100, laser emitter; 200, laser scanning system; 300, light source; 400, CCD camera; 500, powder spreading cart feeding system; 600, host computer; 700, forming piston; 800, multi-component waste recycling system; 900, multi-component extrusion powder system; 1000, multi-component feeding system; 1. Powder spreading hopper; 2. Discharge hopper fixing frame; 3. Powder spreading hopper discharge hopper; 4. Powder spreading hopper outer shell; 5. Discharge drum mechanism; 6. Roller and scraper front end fixing parts; 7. Powder spreading roller; 8. Multi-component extrusion nozzle; 9. Multi-component material level sensor; 10. Powder extrusion mechanism; 11. Multi-component fixing pipe; 12. Multi-component conveying pipe; 13. Multi-component extrusion mechanism flange; 14. Multi-component base mechanism and motor fixing parts; 15. Lead screw motor module; 16. Multi-component material pipe; 17. Synchronous belt drive motor; 18. Synchronous belt drive motor fixing parts; 19. Discharge hopper material level sensor; 20. Synchronous belt; 21. Synchronous belt pulley; 22. Synchronous belt bearing; 23. Roller and scraper rear end fixing parts; 24. Powder spreading hopper scraper; 25. Powder spreading hopper hopper fixing parts; 5.1 Powder-discharging drum drive motor; 5.2 Powder-discharging drum drive motor fixing parts; 5.3 Rotating powder-discharging device housing; 5.4 Powder-discharging drum front bearing; 5.5 Powder-discharging drum; 5.6 Coupling; 10.1 Extrusion screw; 10.2 Extrusion screw front bearing; 10.3 Lower housing of powder extrusion mechanism; 10.4 Upper housing of powder extrusion mechanism; 10.5 Screw drive motor fixing component; 10.6 Extrusion screw drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0030] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0033] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0035] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0036] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0037] Example 1 This invention provides a vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system. It adopts selective laser sintering technology and machine vision technology to realize melt channel monitoring and compensation, which has higher precision in additive manufacturing, better performance of formed structures, and can meet the manufacturing of more complex structures.

[0038] The present invention provides a vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system, comprising: a host computer 600 and a multi-component powder spreading module, a laser scanning system, and a visual monitoring system connected to the host computer 600. The multi-component powder spreading module includes a powder spreading platform, a forming piston 700, a multi-component composite powder spreading system, and a multi-component waste recycling system 800. The multi-component composite powder spreading system includes a powder spreading cart feeding system 500, a multi-component extrusion powder system 900, and a multi-component feeding system 1000.

[0039] A powder spreading platform is connected to a forming piston 700 and is used to carry the powder to be laser scanned; a powder spreading cart feeding system 500 is used to supply the powder for laser scanning; a multi-component extrusion powder system 900 is used to carry different metal powders and extrude them onto the powder spreading platform; a powder spreading cart is used to evenly spread the powder on the powder spreading platform; a multi-component feeding system 1000 is used to store different metal powders and replenish the powder after the multi-component extrusion powder system 900 is reset; a multi-component waste recycling system 800 is used to carry the waste extruded when the multi-component extrusion powder system 900 changes metal powder; and a forming piston 700 is used to adjust the height of the powder spreading platform after each layer is laser scanned. The visual monitoring module is used to monitor melt channel defects, powder spreading status, and melt channel compensation results, and upload the monitoring data back to the host computer 600. It includes: monitoring the melt channel to be melted and transmitting data on defective melt channels, including defect type, contour data, and defect location, back to the host computer 600; and monitoring the powder spreading status after each powder spreading operation and transmitting the monitoring data back to the host computer 600. The visual monitoring module includes a light source 300 and a CCD camera 400. The light source 300 is mounted on the CCD camera 400 to provide illumination, improve the quality of the acquired images, and enhance the accuracy and reliability of the system.

[0040] The laser scanning system includes a laser emitter 100 and a laser scanning system 200. The laser emitter 100 is used to generate and emit a laser beam and transmit the laser beam to the laser scanning system 200. The laser scanning module is used to adjust the laser scanning system 200 to perform laser scanning on the metal powder carried by the powder spreading platform under the control of the host computer 600, so as to ultimately shape the workpiece.

[0041] This invention focuses on solving key technical problems in the multi-component composite powder spreading SLS process, such as melt channel defects, lack of real-time closed-loop compensation, and blank powder spreading quality monitoring caused by differences in material thermophysical properties and the complexity of powder spreading.

[0042] The powder spreading vehicle includes a powder spreading vehicle hopper 1, a discharge hopper fixing frame 2, a powder spreading vehicle discharge hopper 3, a powder spreading vehicle shell 4, a discharge drum mechanism 5, a roller and scraper front end fixing component 6, a powder spreading roller 7, a synchronous belt drive motor 17, a synchronous belt drive motor fixing component 18, a discharge hopper level sensor 19, a synchronous belt 20, a synchronous belt pulley 21, a synchronous belt bearing 22, a roller and scraper rear end fixing component 23, a powder spreading vehicle scraper 24, and a powder spreading vehicle hopper fixing component 25. The powder spreading vehicle hopper 1 is installed above the discharge hopper fixing frame 2 and is used to receive the metal powder falling from the powder spreading vehicle feeding system 500 and store the metal powder used by the powder spreading vehicle. The discharge hopper fixing frame 2 is used to fix the powder spreading vehicle discharge hopper 3, the discharge drum mechanism 5, the roller and scraper front end fixing component 6, and the lead screw motor with bolts. The machine module 15, synchronous belt drive motor fixing part 18, roller and scraper rear end fixing part 23, powder spreading cart discharge bin 3 and powder discharging drum mechanism 5 are located inside the powder spreading cart shell 4; the powder spreading cart discharge bin 3 is connected below the powder spreading cart hopper 1 and is used to store the metal powder required for laser printing conveyed by the powder spreading cart hopper 1; the powder spreading cart shell 4 is used to protect the inside of the powder spreading cart and prevent dust; the powder discharging drum mechanism 5 is connected below the powder spreading cart discharge bin 3 and is used to control the powder spreading cart discharge; the roller and scraper front end fixing part 6 is used to fix the powder spreading roller 7 and the powder spreading cart scraper 24 at the bottom of the powder spreading cart; wherein the roller and scraper front end fixing part 6 and the roller and scraper rear end fixing part 23 are arranged on both sides below the discharge bin fixing frame 2, and the two ends of the powder spreading roller 7 and the powder spreading cart scraper 24 are respectively The roller and scraper front end fixing part 6 and the roller and scraper rear end fixing part 23 are not connected; the powder spreading roller 7 is used to ensure the density of the metal powder after the powder spreading vehicle drops the powder; the roller and scraper rear end fixing part 23 is used to fix the powder spreading roller 7 and the powder spreading vehicle scraper 24; the powder spreading vehicle scraper 24 is used to ensure the flatness of the metal powder after the powder spreading vehicle drops the powder; the powder spreading vehicle hopper fixing part 25 is used to support the powder spreading vehicle hopper 1 and is bolted to the powder spreading vehicle shell 4; the material level sensor 19 of the dropping hopper is connected to the powder spreading vehicle dropping hopper 3 and electrically connected to the host computer 600, and is used to detect the metal powder in the powder spreading vehicle dropping hopper 3; the synchronous belt drive motor fixing part 18 is used to bolt the synchronous belt drive motor 17 to the dropping hopper fixing frame 2, wherein the synchronous belt drive motor fixing part 18 is installed On the material feeding hopper fixed frame 2, the synchronous belt drive motor 17 is mounted on the synchronous belt drive motor fixing part 18. The output end of the synchronous belt drive motor 17 is connected to one side of the synchronous belt 20 to drive the synchronous belt 20. The synchronous belt 20 is used to transmit the synchronous belt drive motor 17, the synchronous belt pulley 21, and the synchronous belt bearing 22. The other side of the synchronous belt 20 is connected to the synchronous belt pulley 21 and the synchronous belt bearing 22. The synchronous belt pulley 21 is fixedly connected to one side of the powder spreading roller 7, and the synchronous belt bearing 22 is fixedly connected to one side of the powder spreading car scraper 24. The synchronous belt pulley 21 is used to rotate synchronously with the powder spreading roller 7 and is connected and fixed to the powder spreading roller 7 with a set screw. The synchronous belt bearing 22 is used to rotate synchronously with the powder spreading roller 7 and is connected and fixed to the powder spreading car scraper 24 with a set screw.

[0043] The multi-component extrusion powder system 900 includes a multi-component extrusion nozzle 8, a multi-component material level sensor 9, a powder extrusion mechanism 10, a multi-component fixing pipe 11, a multi-component conveying pipe 12, a multi-component extrusion mechanism flange 13, a multi-component base mechanism and motor fixing component 14, a lead screw motor module 15, and a multi-component feed pipe 16. The multi-component fixing pipe 11 is used to fix the upper and lower ends of the multi-component system by threaded connection. The upper and lower ends of the multi-component fixing pipe 11 are fixedly connected to the multi-component extrusion mechanism flange 13 and the powder extrusion mechanism 10, respectively. The multi-component feed pipe 16 is installed above the multi-component extrusion mechanism flange 13 and is used to store different metal powders. Each multi-component feed pipe 16 is connected to a corresponding material replenishment bin, and each multi-component feed pipe 16 is connected to a material level sensor. The sensor, which is electrically connected to the host computer 600, includes a multi-component extrusion mechanism flange 13 for threaded fixing of the multi-component fixing pipe 11, the multi-component conveying pipe 12, and the upper multi-component base mechanism; multi-component material pipes 16 are connected to the powder extrusion mechanism 10 via the multi-component conveying pipe 12, and the powder extrusion mechanism 10 is used to transport metal powder in the multi-component material pipes 16, while the multi-component conveying pipe 12 is used to transport the metal powder in the upper multi-component material pipes 16 to the lower powder extrusion mechanism 10; a multi-component extrusion nozzle 8 is connected below the powder extrusion mechanism 10 for the final extrusion and powder discharge of the multi-component extrusion powder system 900; and a multi-component material level sensor 9 is connected to the multi-component extrusion nozzle 8 and electrically connected to the host computer 600 for detecting whether there is metal powder in the multi-component extrusion nozzle 8. The multi-component base mechanism and motor fixing component 14 are used to connect and fix the multi-component extrusion mechanism flange 13 and the lead screw motor module 15 by bolts; the lead screw motor module 15 is used to control the movement of the multi-component extrusion powder system 900 in the Y direction and is fixed and fixed to the discharge bin fixing frame 2 by bolts.

[0044] The powder-feeding rotary drum mechanism 5 includes a powder-feeding rotary drum drive motor 5.1, a powder-feeding rotary drum drive motor fixing component 5.2, a rotating powder-feeding device housing 5.3, a powder-feeding rotary drum front bearing 5.4, a powder-feeding rotary drum 5.5, and a coupling 5.6. The output end of the powder-feeding rotary drum drive motor 5.1 is connected to one side of the powder-feeding rotary drum 5.5 for driving the powder-feeding rotary drum 5.5; the powder-feeding rotary drum drive motor fixing component 5.2 is used to connect and fix the powder-feeding rotary drum drive motor 5.1 to the powder-feeding hopper fixing frame 2 by bolts; the rotating powder-feeding device housing 5.3 is used to fix the internal parts and is connected and fixed to the powder-feeding hopper fixing frame 2 by bolts; the powder-feeding rotary drum front bearing 5.4 is connected to the other side of the powder-feeding rotary drum 5.5 for fixing the powder-feeding rotary drum 5.5; the powder-feeding rotary drum 5.5 is used to control the powder-feeding; and the coupling 5.6 is used to connect the powder-feeding rotary drum drive motor 5.1 to the powder-feeding rotary drum 5.5.

[0045] The powder extrusion mechanism 10 includes an extrusion screw 10.1, an extrusion screw front bearing 10.2, a lower housing 10.3, an upper housing 10.4, a screw drive motor mounting bracket 10.5, and an extrusion screw drive motor 10.6. The lower housing 10.3 and upper housing 10.4 protect the interior and are bolted together to form the outer shell. A multi-component extrusion nozzle 8 is mounted on the lower housing 10.3, and the upper housing 10.4 is fixedly connected to the multi-component fixed pipe 11. The extrusion screw 10.1 is located inside the housing and transports the metal powder falling from the multi-component feeding pipe 12, and is connected to the output end of the extrusion screw drive motor 10.6 with a set screw. The front end of the extrusion screw... The bearing 10.2 is used to fix the extrusion screw 10.1, which is rotatably connected to the housing via the bearing 10.2 at the front end of the extrusion screw. The screw drive motor fixing part 10.5 is used to bolt the extrusion screw drive motor 10.6 to the housing. The extrusion screw drive motor 10.6 is mounted on the lower housing 10.3 and the upper housing 10.4 of the powder extrusion mechanism via the screw drive motor fixing part 10.5. The extrusion screw drive motor 10.6 is used to drive the extrusion screw 10.1.

[0046] The multi-component waste recycling system 800 includes multiple waste recycling bins, with a corresponding waste recycling bin for each material.

[0047] Example 2 This invention also provides a working method for a vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system, comprising the following steps: S1. According to the instructions of the host computer 600, the powder spreading cart and the multi-component extrusion powder system 900 are activated to spread metal powder evenly on the powder spreading platform. After the powder spreading is completed, the powder spreading cart is activated to move on the powder spreading platform using the powder spreading roller 7 and the powder spreading cart scraper 24, and pushes the waste material into the corresponding waste recycling bin. When it is necessary to switch to another material, the host computer 600 activates the powder spreading cart to move to zero point, and recycles the previous material into the corresponding waste recycling bin. The multi-component extrusion powder system 900 transports the required material in the multi-component material tube 16 to the multi-component extrusion nozzle 8 through the extrusion screw 10.1 for the next extrusion powder spreading. Each time the powder spreading cart returns to zero point, the replenishment bin replenishes the multi-component material tube 16. Each multi-component material tube 16 is equipped with a material level sensor. When the multi-component material tube 16 is low on material, the host computer 600 will issue an alarm. S2. The laser scanning system 200 performs selective laser sintering under the control of the host computer 600, and performs layer-by-layer laser scanning of the powder on the powder spreading platform; when the laser scans the powder, it forms a melt channel; S3, the visual monitoring module monitors the melt channel in S2 and transmits the monitoring data back to the host computer 600; if the monitored melt channel has no defects, the next layer of laser scanning is performed; if a defect in the melt channel is detected, a compensation command is generated based on the monitoring data and transmitted to the multi-component extrusion powder system 900 and the laser scanning system 200. S4, after receiving the compensation control command from the host computer 600, performs compensation work on the parts to be repaired on the powder spreading platform according to the compensation command. The multi-component extrusion powder system 900 replenishes materials according to the defect data, and the laser scanning system 200 performs compensation laser scanning according to the defect data. S5. After each compensation, the visual monitoring module detects the compensation status and transmits the detection data back to the host computer 600. S6. The host computer 600 analyzes the monitoring data in S5. If the compensation is successful, the next layer of laser sintering is carried out. S7. Repeat S3 to S6 until the entire melt channel is fully compensated.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system, characterized in that, include: The host computer (600) and the laser scanning system, visual monitoring system, powder spreading platform, forming piston (700), multi-component composite powder spreading system and multi-component waste recycling system (800) electrically connected to the host computer (600), wherein the powder spreading platform is connected to the forming piston (700) and is used to carry the powder to be laser scanned; The multi-component composite powder spreading system includes a powder spreading cart feeding system (500), a multi-component extrusion powder system (900), and a multi-component feeding system (1000). The powder spreading cart feeding system (500) is used to supply powder for laser scanning. The multi-component extrusion powder system (900) is used to carry different metal powders and extrude them onto the powder spreading platform. The powder spreading cart is used to evenly spread the powder on the powder spreading platform. The multi-component feeding system (1000) is used to store different metal powders and replenish the powder after the multi-component extrusion powder system (900) is reset. The multi-component waste recycling system (800) is used to carry the waste extruded when the multi-component extrusion powder system (900) replaces the metal powder. The laser scanning module is used to perform laser scanning on the powder on the powder spreading platform, and finally form the workpiece; the forming piston (700) is used to adjust the height of the powder spreading platform after each layer of laser scanning; The visual monitoring system is located near the powder spreading platform and is used to monitor melt defects, powder spreading status, and melt compensation results, and upload the monitoring data back to the host computer (600).

2. The vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser scanning system includes a laser emitter (100) and a laser scanning system (200). The laser emitter (100) is used to generate and emit a laser beam and transmit the laser beam to the laser scanning system (200). The laser scanning system (200) is used to perform laser scanning on the powder on the powder spreading platform using the laser beam.

3. The vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The visual monitoring system includes a light source (300) and a CCD camera (400), wherein the light source (300) is mounted on the CCD camera (400).

4. The vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The powder spreading vehicle includes a powder spreading vehicle hopper (1), a discharge hopper fixing frame (2), a powder spreading vehicle discharge hopper (3), a powder spreading vehicle shell (4), a discharge drum mechanism (5), a roller and scraper front end fixing part (6), a powder spreading roller (7), a discharge hopper material level sensor (19), a roller and scraper rear end fixing part (23), a powder spreading vehicle scraper (24), and a powder spreading vehicle hopper fixing part (25). The powder spreading vehicle discharge hopper (3), the powder spreading vehicle shell (4), the discharge drum mechanism (5), the roller and scraper front end fixing part (6), and the roller and scraper rear end fixing part (23) are all installed on the discharge hopper fixing frame (2). The powder spreading vehicle discharge hopper (3) and the discharge drum mechanism (5) are located inside the powder spreading vehicle shell (4). The powder spreading hopper (1) is installed above the discharge hopper fixing frame (2) and is fixedly connected to the powder spreading hopper shell (4) through the powder spreading hopper fixing part (25); the powder spreading hopper discharge hopper (3) is connected below the powder spreading hopper (1), the powder discharge drum mechanism (5) is connected below the powder spreading hopper (3), the discharge hopper level sensor (19) is connected to the powder spreading hopper (3) and electrically connected to the host computer (600), the roller and scraper front end fixing part (6) and the roller and scraper rear end fixing part (23) are arranged on both sides below the discharge hopper fixing frame (2), and the two ends of the powder spreading roller (7) and the powder spreading hopper scraper (24) are respectively connected to the roller and scraper front end fixing part (6) and the roller and scraper rear end fixing part (23).

5. The vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The powder spreading vehicle also includes a synchronous belt drive motor (17), a synchronous belt drive motor fixing part (18), a synchronous belt (20), a synchronous belt pulley (21), and a synchronous belt bearing (22). The synchronous belt drive motor fixing part (18) is installed on the material drop hopper fixing frame (2). The synchronous belt drive motor (17) is installed on the synchronous belt drive motor fixing part (18), and the output end of the synchronous belt drive motor (17) is connected to one side of the synchronous belt (20). The other side of the synchronous belt (20) is connected to the synchronous belt pulley (21) and the synchronous belt bearing (22). The synchronous belt pulley (21) is fixedly connected to one side of the powder spreading roller (7), and the synchronous belt bearing (22) is fixedly connected to one side of the powder spreading vehicle scraper (24).

6. The vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The powder discharge drum mechanism (5) includes a powder discharge drum drive motor (5.1), a powder discharge drum drive motor fixing component (5.2), a rotating powder discharge device housing (5.3), a powder discharge drum front bearing (5.4), a powder discharge drum (5.5), and a coupling (5.6). The powder discharge drum drive motor fixing component (5.2) is installed on the material discharge bin fixing frame (2). The powder discharge drum drive motor (5.1) is installed on the powder discharge drum drive motor fixing component (5.2). The output end of the powder discharge drum drive motor (5.1) is connected to one side of the powder discharge drum (5.5) through the coupling (5.6). The rotating powder discharge device housing (5.3) is fixedly connected to the material discharge bin fixing frame (2). The powder discharge drum front bearing (5.4) is connected to the other side of the powder discharge drum (5.5).

7. The vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-component extrusion powder system (900) includes a multi-component extrusion nozzle (8), a multi-component level sensor (9), a powder extrusion mechanism (10), a multi-component fixed pipe (11), a multi-component conveying pipe (12), a multi-component extrusion mechanism flange (13), and a multi-component material pipe (16). The upper and lower ends of the multi-component fixed pipe (11) are fixedly connected to the multi-component fixed pipe (11) and the powder extrusion mechanism (10) respectively via the multi-component conveying pipe (12). The multi-component material pipe (16) is installed above the multi-component extrusion mechanism flange (13). The multi-component material pipe (16) is connected to the powder extrusion mechanism (10) via the multi-component conveying pipe (12). The multi-component extrusion nozzle (8) is connected below the powder extrusion mechanism (10). The multi-component level sensor (9) is connected to the multi-component extrusion nozzle (8) and electrically connected to the host computer (600).

8. The vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The multi-component extrusion powder system (900) also includes a multi-component base mechanism and motor fixing component (14) and a lead screw motor module (15). The multi-component base mechanism and motor fixing component (14) is fixedly connected to the multi-component extrusion mechanism flange (13). The lead screw motor module (15) is installed on the material discharge hopper fixing frame (2) and is fixedly connected to the multi-component base mechanism and motor fixing component (14).

9. The vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder spreading defect compensation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The powder extrusion mechanism (10) includes an extrusion screw (10.1), an extrusion screw front bearing (10.2), a lower housing (10.3) of the powder extrusion mechanism, an upper housing (10.4) of the powder extrusion mechanism, a screw drive motor fixing component (10.5) and an extrusion screw drive motor (10.6). The lower housing (10.3) and the upper housing (10.4) of the powder extrusion mechanism are fixedly connected to form a housing. The multi-component extrusion nozzle (8) of the multi-component extrusion powder system (900) is installed on the lower housing (10.3) of the powder extrusion mechanism. The outer shell (10.4) is fixedly connected to the multi-component fixed tube (11) of the multi-component extrusion powder system (900). The extrusion screw drive motor (10.6) is installed on the lower outer shell (10.3) and the upper outer shell (10.4) of the powder extrusion mechanism through the screw drive motor fixing part (10.5). The extrusion screw (10.1) is located inside the outer shell. The output end of the extrusion screw drive motor (10.6) is connected to one end of the extrusion screw (10.1). The other end of the extrusion screw (10.1) is rotatably connected to the outer shell through the front bearing (10.2) of the extrusion screw.

10. A method for operating the vision-based SLS multi-component composite powder coating defect compensation system as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. According to the instructions of the host computer (600), the powder spreading cart and the multi-component extrusion powder system (900) are mobilized to spread metal powder evenly on the powder spreading platform. After the powder spreading is completed, the powder spreading cart is mobilized to move on the powder spreading platform using the powder spreading roller (7) and the powder spreading cart scraper (24), and pushes the waste material into the corresponding waste recycling bin. When it is necessary to switch to another material, the host computer (600) mobilizes the powder spreading cart to move to zero point, and recycles the previous material into the corresponding waste recycling bin. The multi-component extrusion powder system (900) transports the required material in the multi-component material tube (16) to the multi-component extrusion nozzle (8) through the extrusion screw (10.1) for the next extrusion powder spreading. Each time the powder spreading cart returns to zero point, the replenishment bin replenishes the multi-component material tube (16). Each multi-component material tube (16) is equipped with a material level sensor. When the multi-component material tube (16) is short of material, the host computer (600) will issue an alarm. S2, The laser scanning system (200) performs selective laser sintering under the control of the host computer (600), and performs layer-by-layer laser scanning on the powder on the powder spreading platform; when the laser scans the powder, it forms a melt channel; S3, the visual monitoring module monitors the melt channel in S2 and transmits the monitoring data back to the host computer (600); if the monitored melt channel has no defects, the next layer of laser scanning is performed; if a melt channel defect is detected, a compensation command is generated based on the monitoring data and transmitted to the multi-component extrusion powder system (900) and the laser scanning system (200). S4, after receiving the compensation control command from the host computer (600), the compensation work is carried out on the parts to be repaired on the powder spreading platform according to the compensation command. The multi-component extrusion powder system (900) replenishes the material according to the defect data, and the laser scanning system (200) performs compensation laser scanning according to the defect data. S5. After each compensation, the visual monitoring module detects the compensation status and transmits the detection data back to the host computer (600). S6. The host computer (600) analyzes the monitoring data in S5. If the compensation is successful, the next layer of laser sintering is performed. S7. Repeat S3 to S6 until the entire melt channel is fully compensated.

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