Communication antenna test system based on wireless communication

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and discloses a communication antenna test system based on wireless communication, comprising an environment simulation layer which is composed of a programmable electromagnetic shielding array and independently controls each unit to work in a physical shielding or electromagnetic interference mode; the signal control layer integrates a multi-channel signal generator and a power division switch matrix and dynamically generates communication and interference signals; the digital mapping layer is used for constructing an antenna digital twin model based on an LSTM network and predicting performance attenuation under shielding / interference; and the analysis optimization layer synchronously optimizes the communication strength, the amplitude-phase consistency and the bit error rate through a multi-objective optimization engine. According to the invention, through the programmable electromagnetic shielding array and the tunable metamaterial waveguide unit, the system can dynamically simulate physical shielding and electromagnetic interference scenes, and through combination with the biological electromagnetic simulation unit, real environments such as handheld terminal holding force distribution and vehicle-mounted multipath effect can be accurately reproduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a communication antenna testing system based on wireless communication. Background Technology

[0002] The wireless communication antenna testing system is an intelligent testing platform that uses hardware and software collaboration to simulate complex electromagnetic environments, predict performance, and dynamically optimize performance. It is specifically designed to verify the reliability of antennas in real-world scenarios.

[0003] An existing patent discloses a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication testing system based on a 5G antenna (publication number CN114375005B). This existing antenna testing technology has difficulty dynamically simulating the complex electromagnetic environment in real-world scenarios (such as signal obstruction caused by human grip, near-field coupling effects caused by vehicle-mounted metal structures, and satellite / vehicle multipath interference), and cannot quantitatively predict performance degradation under obstruction / interference. At the same time, the optimization of multiple indicators such as communication strength, amplitude and phase consistency, and bit error rate relies on human experience and lacks a collaborative dynamic adjustment mechanism, resulting in a large deviation between test results and actual applications, which restricts the reliability verification of antennas in complex environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a communication antenna testing system based on wireless communication to solve existing technical problems, which solves the problem of only simulating antenna obstruction on the terminal side and not considering base station cooperative interference.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, more specifically, a communication antenna testing system based on wireless communication, comprising: The environmental simulation layer consists of a programmable electromagnetic shielding array, which independently controls each unit to work in physical shielding or electromagnetic interference mode. The signal control layer integrates a multi-channel signal generator and a power divider matrix to dynamically generate communication and interference signals. The digital mapping layer constructs an antenna digital twin model based on an LSTM network to predict performance degradation under obstruction / interference. The analysis and optimization layer simultaneously optimizes communication strength, amplitude and phase consistency, and bit error rate through a multi-objective optimization engine.

[0006] Furthermore, the waveguide unit of the environmental simulation layer adopts a tunable metamaterial structure, and its operating frequency band covers 600MHz–6GHz.

[0007] Furthermore, the inputs to the digital mapping layer include: a real-time shielding array state matrix, a signal parameter vector, and a historical amplitude and phase deviation dataset.

[0008] Furthermore, the objective function of the multi-objective optimization engine is: , In the formula, The signal strength of the communication link represents the effective communication signal power received by the antenna under test; the larger the value, the better the communication quality. Amplitude-phase consistency deviation represents the range of phase difference fluctuations between antenna channels; a smaller value indicates better channel synchronization. BER (Bit Error Rate) represents the ratio of erroneous bits to the total number of transmitted bits; a lower value indicates higher communication reliability. These are dynamic weighting coefficients, used to dynamically adjust the optimized weights based on the test scenario.

[0009] Furthermore, the communication antenna testing system also includes a multipath environment reconstruction module for simulating multipath effects in space-based / vehicle-based scenarios. Integrated programmable reflector array to dynamically generate multipath signals with a delay of 0~300ns; Supports LOS / NLOS path switching; the path loss model is as follows: , in, It refers to direct path loss, used to represent the attenuation of a direct signal in free space; It refers to the reflection path length, which represents the total distance a signal travels after reflection to the receiving antenna; This refers to the reference distance, which is used to represent the baseline distance for path loss calculation; n is the path attenuation factor. Let be a random variable that follows a log-normal distribution.

[0010] Furthermore, the digital mapping layer includes a near-field coupling compensation algorithm to eliminate the distortion effect of the vehicle-mounted metal structure on the antenna pattern, specifically: 1) Calculate the vehicle-antenna coupling matrix using the method of moments. ; 2) Pre-compensate the transmitted signal at the signal control layer. The compensated transmitted signal is: , In the formula, This represents the compensated output signal vector, with a dimension of m×1; This represents the original input signal vector, with a dimension of m×1; The vehicle-antenna coupling matrix is ​​used to calculate the electromagnetic distortion matrix using the method of moments, reflecting the influence of the metal structure on the antenna pattern. Its dimension is m×n. I represents the identity matrix, which is used as the reference matrix to maintain the dimension of matrix operations. Its dimension is m×n.

[0011] Furthermore, the environmental simulation layer includes a bioelectromagnetic simulation unit, which specifically comprises: A deformable gripping clamp is constructed using materials equivalent to human tissue. The built-in pressure sensor array provides real-time feedback on the grip strength distribution to the digital mapping layer, dynamically adjusting the occlusion area.

[0012] The present invention provides a communication antenna testing system based on wireless communication. Compared with existing technologies, the advantages achieved by this method are as follows: 1. This invention uses a programmable electromagnetic shielding array and a tunable metamaterial waveguide unit to dynamically simulate physical shielding and electromagnetic interference scenarios. Combined with a bioelectromagnetic simulation unit, it can accurately reproduce real environments such as the grip force distribution of handheld terminals and multipath effects in vehicles.

[0013] 2. In this invention, the digital mapping layer utilizes an LSTM network to construct a digital twin model of the antenna, inputting the shielding array state, signal parameters, and historical data to achieve accurate prediction of performance degradation. Combined with a near-field coupling compensation algorithm, it pre-compensates the transmitted signal, effectively eliminating the distortion effect of the metal structure on the radiation pattern.

[0014] 3. This invention dynamically generates multipath signals with delays of 0–300 ns using a programmable reflective array, and supports LOS / NLOS path switching when combined with a path loss model. It accurately simulates multipath loss in satellite communication testing, injects multipath interference to verify system robustness, and finally optimizes the BER to meet the ITU-R M.2089 standard through beamforming, providing a high-reliability verification environment for spaceborne / vehicle-mounted equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the present invention; Figure 2 In this diagram, A represents the time-domain response of a multipath channel under NLOS mode. Figure 2 In this diagram, B represents the BER optimization process. Figure 3 In this diagram, C represents a schematic of phase calibration for a 64-channel Massive MIMO. Figure 3 In the diagram, D represents a schematic representation of the improved EVM distribution. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] Example 1: Reliability Testing of Multi-Protocol Coexistence in Industrial IoT Test scenario: High-density sensor network in a smart factory (operating frequency band: 2.4GHz ISM band); Test subject: Dual-mode IoT gateway antenna supporting LoRa-WAN and WiFi 6.

[0018] 1. Environment simulation layer configuration Physical Obstruction Simulation: Activate 40% of the units in the programmable electromagnetic shielding array to simulate the dynamic obstruction of the antenna by metal equipment (robotic arm / shelf) (mode: physical obstruction).

[0019] Electromagnetic interference simulation: 20% of the units generate WiFi co-channel interference (interference mode, center frequency 2.412GHz, bandwidth 20MHz); 10% of the units generate Bluetooth frequency hopping interference (interference mode, frequency point dynamic switching: 2.402–2.480GHz).

[0020] Waveguide unit tuning: Metamaterial structure tuned to 2.4 GHz band (coverage verification: 600 MHz–6 GHz).

[0021] 2. Dynamic signal generation in the signal control layer Multi-protocol signal injection: Channels 1-4: Generate LoRa signals (SF=7, BW=125kHz, transmit power 10dBm). Channels 5-8: Generate WiFi 6 OFDMA signal (MCS=9, 1024-QAM, transmit power 15dBm).

[0022] Interference signal superposition: WiFi interference (-6dBm, CCK modulation) and Bluetooth interference (-10dBm, FHSS mode) are injected through a power divider switch matrix.

[0023] 3. Performance prediction and compensation of digital mapping layer Input parameters: Real-time shielding array status matrix (40×40 binary matrix, identifying the location of metal shielding). Signal parameter vector (LoRa / WiFi modulation parameters, interference power spectral density); Historical dataset (records of bit error rate fluctuations in the same scenario in the past).

[0024] LSTM digital twin prediction: It is predicted that the LoRa signal reception sensitivity will decrease by 6dB due to metal obstruction; WiFi signal degradation to 8% (threshold: 3%) was caused by co-channel interference. Bit Error Rate (BER) Prediction: LoRa Rises to WiFi upgraded to .

[0025] Near-field coupling compensation: To address the near-field distortion caused by the metal shelving, the coupling matrix C is calculated (using the method of moments). Pre-compensated transmission signal: After compensation, the sidelobe of the radiation pattern decreased by 5 dB.

[0026] 4. Analysis and optimization layer collaborative optimization Dynamic weights of the objective function: Scenario requirement: Prioritize ensuring the reliability of LoRa low-power communication (γ weighting increase); Settings: α=0.2 (communication strength), β=0.3 (amplitude and phase consistency), γ=0.5 (bit error rate).

[0027] Multi-objective optimization engine output: Adjust signal control layer parameters: The LoRa spreading factor was increased from SF7 to SF9 (enhanced anti-interference, at the cost of data rate). WiFi transmission beamforming, zero-dip alignment with the direction of interference sources.

[0028] result: 5. Verification of Results Protocol coexistence reliability: LoRa data packet success rate reaches 99.98% (compliant with IEEE 802.15.4g standard). WiFi throughput loss is controlled within 10% to meet the needs of real-time industrial control.

[0029] System adaptive capability: When new ZigBee interference (2.405 GHz) is introduced, the digital mapping layer identifies it within 200 ms and triggers the optimization engine to reconverge.

[0030] 6. Technological advantages 1) Multi-protocol dynamic scheduling The signal control layer achieves μs-level protocol switching through a power divider switch matrix, supports simultaneous injection of heterogeneous interference (such as Bluetooth / WiFi), and reproduces real industrial spectrum congestion scenarios.

[0031] 2) Extended Applications of Bioelectromagnetic Simulation The grip pressure data (Example 2) is linked with the metal occlusion matrix in this example to simulate the combined attenuation of the worker's handheld terminal in a metal environment (e.g., the dual effects of gripping and equipment occlusion).

[0032] 3) Comparison with existing technologies Therefore, the embodiments fully cover the closed-loop process of environment simulation, signal control, digital mapping, and analysis and optimization, highlighting the system's innovations in multi-protocol interference suppression, dynamic weight allocation, and near-field compensation, providing a highly reliable verification platform for industrial IoT devices.

[0033] Example 2: Dynamic Environment Testing of Hypersonic Vehicle Antenna like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the reliability of communication between the aircraft and the ground station is verified. Test subject: Conformal antenna array for hypersonic vehicles (operating frequency band: Ka band 26.5-40 GHz) Technical challenges: Aerothermal effects cause the radome temperature gradient to be greater than 300°C. A speed of Mach 10 produces a Doppler shift of ±75kHz; The plasma sheath induces deep signal fading.

[0034] 1. Environment simulation layer configuration Thermo-mechanical coupling simulation A Peltier temperature control unit is integrated on the surface of a programmable electromagnetic shielding array to create a temperature gradient field. Nose region of the aircraft: 300℃ (simulated aerodynamic heating) Flange region: -60℃ (simulated low temperature environment) Tuned to 38GHz using metamaterial waveguide units (covering the 600MHz-40GHz extended frequency band). Plasma interference simulation.

[0035] Injecting Gaussian noise simulates electron density fluctuations (power spectral density: -110dBm / Hz).

[0036] 2. Dynamic signal generation in the signal control layer 1) High-speed mobile channel modeling Multi-channel signal generator generates: 5G NR FR2 standard waveform (400MHz bandwidth, 64QAM modulation) in the main communication signal.

[0037] 2) Multimodal interference injection , 3. Analysis and optimization layer collaborative optimization Dynamic weighting strategy: Prioritize communication continuity in high-speed scenarios → Increase the weighting of bit error rate. Set α=0.1, β=0.2.

[0038] Optimize engine actions: 1) Signal Control Layer: Switch to anti-fading modulation (QPSK replaces 64QAM); Pre-biased beam direction (compensates for 2.3° thermal deformation deflection).

[0039] 2) Environment Simulation Layer: Reduce plasma interference power by 6dB (simulating active flow control drag reduction effect).

[0040] 4. Technological advantages Cross-domain environment coupling simulation For the first time, three aerospace-specific scenarios—aerodynamic thermal effects (temperature control array), plasma interference (programmable attenuation), and high-speed Doppler (real-time frequency shift generation)—are integrated into a single system to reproduce the real flight environment.

[0041] Intelligent anti-fading mechanism When the digital mapping layer detects plasma depth decay, the following protection strategy is automatically triggered: Initiating diversity reception: Switching to the backup antenna channel via a power divider matrix. Injecting probe signals: Real-time updates of plasma channel status information Compared with existing technologies Capabilities of a conventional microwave anechoic chamber in this embodiment of the system The dynamic temperature simulation range is only -60℃ to 300℃. Doppler frequency shift accuracy: ±1kHz (static plateau) ±0.5kHz (Mach 10) Plasma decay response time cannot be simulated to compensate for delay <15ms Additional notes: This embodiment fully presents a closed-loop testing process, from environmental simulation (temperature control / plasma), signal control (Doppler / anti-fading modulation), digital mapping (thermal-electric coupling model), to analysis and optimization (dynamic weight adjustment). Specifically addressing the unique thermo-mechanical-electric multiphysics coupling problem of hypersonic vehicles, it innovatively integrates metamaterial waveguides with a temperature control array, solving the industry pain point that traditional testing systems cannot reproduce the real flight environment. Example 3: As Figure 1 As shown, the vehicle-mounted multi-antenna system is tested (basic scenario). Test subject: Vehicle-mounted 5G MIMO antenna array (operating frequency band: 3.5GHz); Specifically: 1) Environment Simulation Layer: Activate 30% of the units in the electromagnetic shielding array to simulate metal obstruction of a car door (physical obstruction mode), and 20% of the units generate co-frequency interference signals (interference mode). Waveguide units are tuned to the 3.5GHz band (metamaterial structure achieves 600MHz-6GHz coverage); 2) Signal Control Layer: The 5G NR standard signal (100MHz bandwidth) is injected into 8 antenna channels through a power divider switch matrix, while generating a co-channel interference signal of -10dBm. 3) Digital Mapping Layer: Input the real-time shielding array state matrix (30×30 binary matrix), signal parameter vector (including frequency / power / modulation mode), and historical amplitude and phase deviation dataset; The LSTM model predicts a 2.8 dB decrease in gain under occlusion, and the phase consistency deviation widens to ±15°.

[0042] 4) Analysis and optimization layer: The multi-objective optimization engine dynamically sets the weights (α=0.5, β=0.3, γ=0.2), and outputs the results after iteration: Communication strength improved to -82dBm (previously -90dBm) The amplitude and phase deviation converged to ±5°; BER from Down to .

[0043] 5) Results: Actual measured pattern distortion rate reduced by 60% (compared to the unoptimized state).

[0044] Example 4: Figure 1 As shown, the human body influence test of the handheld terminal antenna (bioelectromagnetic simulation); Test subject: Smartphone millimeter-wave antenna (28GHz); Specifically: 1) Bioelectromagnetic simulation unit: The deformable grip clamp uses a human-equivalent dielectric material (εr=35, σ=1.2S / m) to simulate the coverage of a palm; The pressure sensor array detects the distribution of gripping force (thumb area pressure 3.2kPa) and dynamically activates the corresponding shielding unit (simulated signal blocking). 2) Digital mapping layer compensation: The LSTM model, combined with grip pressure data, predicts a 40% decrease in antenna efficiency. 3) Effect: After compensation, the sidelobe level of the radiation pattern decreased by 8dB, and the SAR value decreased by 35%. Example 5: Figure 1 , 3 As shown, satellite communication multipath environment test; Test scenario: Low Earth orbit satellite mobile terminal (frequency band: 2.1 GHz); Specifically: 1) Generation of programmable reflective arrays: Three multipath signals (delay: 50ns / 150ns / 300ns); Switching to NLOS mode (where the direct path loss is 32dB; the path attenuation factor is 3.2; the reflection path length is 150m; the reference distance is 1m; and the random variable following a log-normal distribution is 6dB), then the path loss... The calculation is as follows: , The above calculations show that the path loss is 107.63 dB.

[0045] 2) Dynamic injection of multipath interference at the signal control layer causes the original BER to deteriorate to ; 3) Optimize engine response: Increase the weight of γ to 0.6 to prioritize BER optimization; By adjusting the transmit beamforming, the BER was restored to... (Meets ITU-R M.2089 standard). Example 6: As Figure 1 As shown, large-scale MIMO base station calibration test; Test subject: 64-channel Massive MIMO base station antenna; Specifically: 1) Digital mapping layer prediction: Input a historical amplitude-phase deviation dataset (100,000 training samples), and use LSTM to predict inter-channel phase fluctuations. Prediction results: The phase deviation of channels 15 / 32 reaches 22° (exceeding the 5GAA consistency requirement); 2) Multi-objective optimization engine: The objective function emphasizes amplitude consistency, at which point... The values ​​are 0.1, 0.7, and 0.2 respectively. Therefore, the objective function of the multi-objective optimization engine is: , Output scheme: Adjust the phase weights of the power divider matrix, and optimize Δφ to ±3°; 3) Results: OTA testing showed an improvement of 4.2dB in EVM, which complies with the 3GPP TR 38.901 specification.

[0046] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A communication antenna testing system based on wireless communication, characterized in that, include: The environmental simulation layer consists of a programmable electromagnetic shielding array, which independently controls each unit to work in physical shielding or electromagnetic interference mode. The signal control layer integrates a multi-channel signal generator and a power divider matrix to dynamically generate communication and interference signals. The digital mapping layer constructs an antenna digital twin model based on an LSTM network to predict performance degradation under obstruction / interference. The analysis and optimization layer simultaneously optimizes communication strength, amplitude and phase consistency, and bit error rate through a multi-objective optimization engine.

2. The communication antenna testing system based on wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waveguide unit of the environmental simulation layer adopts a tunable metamaterial structure and operates in the frequency band of 600MHz–6GHz.

3. The communication antenna testing system based on wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inputs to the digital mapping layer include: the real-time shielding array state matrix, the signal parameter vector, and the historical amplitude and phase deviation dataset.

4. The communication antenna testing system based on wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The objective function of the multi-objective optimization engine is: 、 In the formula, The signal strength of the communication link represents the effective communication signal power received by the antenna under test; the larger the value, the better the communication quality. Amplitude-phase consistency deviation represents the range of phase difference fluctuations between antenna channels; a smaller value indicates better channel synchronization. BER (Bit Error Rate) represents the ratio of erroneous bits to the total number of transmitted bits; a lower value indicates higher communication reliability. This is a dynamic weighting coefficient used to dynamically adjust the optimized weights based on the test scenario.

5. The communication antenna testing system based on wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication antenna testing system also includes a multipath environment reconstruction module for simulating multipath effects in space-based / vehicle-based scenarios. Integrated programmable reflector array dynamically generates multipath signals with a delay of 0~300ns; Supports LOS / NLOS path switching; the path loss model is as follows: 、 in, It refers to direct path loss, which is used to represent the attenuation of a direct signal in free space; It refers to the reflection path length, which represents the total distance a signal travels after reflection to the receiving antenna; This refers to the reference distance, which is used to represent the baseline distance for path loss calculation; n is the path attenuation factor. Let be a random variable that follows a log-normal distribution.

6. The communication antenna testing system based on wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital mapping layer includes a near-field coupling compensation algorithm to eliminate the distortion effect of the vehicle-mounted metal structure on the antenna pattern, specifically: 1) Calculate the vehicle-antenna coupling matrix using the method of moments. ; 2) Pre-compensate the transmitted signal at the signal control layer. The compensated transmitted signal is: 、 In the formula, This represents the compensated output signal vector, with a dimension of m×1; This represents the original input signal vector, with a dimension of m×1; This represents the vehicle-antenna coupling matrix, used to calculate the electromagnetic distortion matrix using the method of moments, reflecting the influence of the metal structure on the antenna pattern, with dimensions of m×n; I represents the identity matrix, which is the base matrix used to maintain the dimensions of matrix operations, and has dimensions of m×n.

7. The communication antenna testing system based on wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental simulation layer includes a bioelectromagnetic simulation unit, which specifically comprises: A deformable gripping clamp is constructed using materials equivalent to human tissue. The built-in pressure sensor array provides real-time feedback on the distribution of grip pressure to the digital mapping layer, dynamically adjusting the occlusion area.

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