Discharge protection method, device and equipment, storage medium and electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicles and high-voltage power systems, and discloses a discharge protection method, device and equipment, a storage medium and an electric vehicle. The method comprises the following steps: determining discharge safety limit data according to historical discharge data of a discharge resistor in a normal discharge process, and determining actual discharge data according to current discharge data of the discharge resistor in a current discharge period and preset initial accumulated discharge data; and determining an actual discharge state of the motor controller according to a comparison result between the actual discharge data and the discharge safety limit data, and triggering the motor controller to execute discharge stopping operation when the actual discharge state is an abnormal discharge state. The invention aims to improve the discharge protection performance of the motor controller so as to guarantee the operation reliability of the motor controller in the discharge process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electric vehicles and high-voltage power systems, and in particular to a discharge protection method, device, equipment, storage medium, and electric vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of electric vehicles and high-voltage power systems, as power devices such as motor controllers increasingly demand higher reliability and safety from high-voltage power supply, higher requirements are placed on the control and protection strategies for the high-voltage discharge process.

[0003] Currently, commonly used active discharge protection methods typically employ a time-based monitoring strategy. This means that if the capacitor voltage fails to drop below the safe voltage within a set discharge time threshold, an anomaly is detected, and the discharge resistor is disconnected. While this time-based discharge protection method provides some protection, its discharge timeout must be set based on the normal discharge time. This means that under abnormal operating conditions (such as abnormal engagement of the battery relay), the discharge resistor may still carry a large current for an extended period, making it highly susceptible to overheating and damage. Consequently, the discharge protection performance of the motor controller under abnormal conditions is significantly insufficient, severely restricting the reliability of the motor controller during the discharge process.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the discharge protection performance of the motor controller to ensure the reliability of the motor controller during the discharge process is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this application is to provide a discharge protection method, device, equipment, storage medium, and electric vehicle, which aims to improve the discharge protection performance of the motor controller to ensure the operational reliability of the motor controller during the discharge process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a discharge protection method applied to a motor controller, the motor controller including a discharge resistor, and the discharge protection method comprising: The discharge safety limit data is determined based on the historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during normal discharge, and the actual discharge data is determined based on the current discharge data of the discharge resistor in the current discharge cycle and the preset initial cumulative discharge data. The actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined based on the comparison between the actual discharge data and the discharge safety limit data, and the motor controller is triggered to perform a stop discharge operation when the actual discharge state is an abnormal discharge state.

[0007] In one embodiment, the step of determining the actual discharge state of the motor controller based on the comparison result between the actual discharge data and the discharge safety limit data includes: Detect whether the actual discharge data exceeds the discharge safety limit data; If the actual discharge data exceeds the discharge safety limit data, then the actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined to be an abnormal discharge state. If the actual discharge data does not exceed the discharge safety limit data, then the actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined to be a normal discharge state.

[0008] In one embodiment, after the step of determining that the actual discharge state of the motor controller is a normal discharge state, the discharge protection method includes: In response to the normal discharge state, the measured capacitor voltage of the motor controller capacitor connected in parallel with the discharge resistor during the current discharge cycle is determined, and it is detected whether the measured capacitor voltage is less than a preset discharge safety voltage. If the measured capacitor voltage is less than the discharge safety voltage, then the actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined to be a continuous discharge state. If the measured capacitor voltage is greater than or equal to the discharge safety voltage, the actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined to be the discharge completion state, and the motor controller is triggered to execute the stop discharge operation based on the discharge completion state.

[0009] In one embodiment, after determining that the actual discharge state of the motor controller is a continuous discharge state, the discharge protection method includes: In response to the continuous discharge state, the actual discharge data is used as the next initial cumulative discharge data, and the next discharge cycle of the current discharge cycle is used as the next current discharge cycle. Then, the process returns to the step of determining the actual discharge data based on the current discharge data of the discharge resistor in the current discharge cycle and the preset initial cumulative discharge data.

[0010] In one embodiment, the step of determining the discharge safety limit data based on historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during normal discharge includes: Determine the historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during the normal discharge process, wherein the historical discharge data is the historical discharge quantity or historical discharge energy; When the historical discharge data is the historical discharge capacity, the product of the historical discharge capacity and the preset discharge capacity limit coefficient is added to the preset minimum discharge capacity to obtain the discharge capacity limit value of the discharge resistor, and the discharge capacity limit value is used as the discharge safety limit data; or... When the historical discharge data is the historical discharge energy, the product of the historical discharge energy and the preset discharge energy limit coefficient is superimposed on the preset minimum discharge energy to obtain the discharge energy limit value of the discharge resistor, and the discharge energy limit value is used as the discharge safety limit data.

[0011] In one embodiment, the step of determining the actual discharge data based on the current discharge data of the discharge resistor in the current discharge cycle and the preset initial cumulative discharge data includes: When the current discharge data is a unit discharge capacity and the initial cumulative discharge data is the initial cumulative discharge amount of the discharge resistor, the unit discharge capacity is added to the initial cumulative discharge amount to obtain the cumulative discharge capacity, and the cumulative discharge capacity is used as the actual discharge data; or... When the current discharge data is a unit discharge energy and the initial cumulative discharge data is the initial cumulative discharge energy of the discharge resistor, the unit discharge energy is added to the initial cumulative discharge energy to obtain the cumulative discharge energy, and the cumulative discharge energy is used as the actual discharge data.

[0012] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a discharge protection device, the discharge protection device comprising: The discharge module is used to determine the discharge safety limit data based on the historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during normal discharge, and to determine the actual discharge data based on the current discharge data of the discharge resistor in the current discharge cycle and the preset initial cumulative discharge data. The execution module is used to determine the actual discharge state of the motor controller based on the comparison result between the actual discharge data and the discharge safety limit data, and to trigger the motor controller to perform a stop discharge operation when the actual discharge state is an abnormal discharge state.

[0013] Each functional module of the discharge protection device of this application implements the steps of the discharge protection method of this application as described above during operation.

[0014] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a discharge protection device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a discharge protection program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the discharge protection program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the discharge protection method described above.

[0015] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a discharge protection program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the discharge protection method described above.

[0016] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also provides an electric vehicle, which includes the above-described discharge protection device; or, includes the above-described discharge protection equipment.

[0017] In summary, the discharge protection method proposed in this application significantly improves the discharge protection performance of the motor controller during the discharge process, ensuring the operational reliability of the motor controller during discharge. Specifically, this application can accurately set the discharge safety limit data based on the historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during normal discharge, providing a scientific and reliable safety benchmark for the discharge process, rather than relying on a fixed time threshold. This avoids the problem of overheating and damage to the discharge resistor due to prolonged discharge time under abnormal operating conditions (such as abnormal engagement of the battery relay). Subsequently, based on the current discharge data of the discharge resistor in the current discharge cycle and the preset initial cumulative discharge data, the actual discharge data can be accurately calculated, providing accurate and real-time actual discharge data for subsequent detection of the actual discharge status of the motor controller. Next, based on the comparison result between the actual discharge data and the discharge safety limit data, the actual discharge status of the motor controller can be accurately identified. When the actual discharge status is determined to be an abnormal discharge status, the motor controller is triggered to perform a stop discharge operation, effectively preventing continuous overcurrent and heat accumulation of the discharge resistor, ensuring the safe discharge of the motor controller, and thus ensuring the operational reliability of the motor controller during the discharge process. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the discharge protection method of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the motor controller circuit involved in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge protection strategy based on power quantity involved in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a comparative diagram of the discharge time limiting strategy and the discharge energy limiting strategy involved in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the energy-based discharge protection strategy involved in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge protection device involved in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge protection device involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0019] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0020] This application provides a discharge protection method, referring to... Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the discharge protection method of this application.

[0021] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application.

[0022] When a motor controller performs high-voltage discharge, after disconnecting the main relay, a series discharge resistor is typically used to quickly discharge the charge in the DC bus capacitor to below a safe voltage. However, abnormal situations may occur, such as the high-voltage battery relay malfunctioning during power-off, preventing the DC bus capacitor voltage from discharging properly. If the discharge resistor remains connected, a large current will continuously flow, potentially causing it to overheat and fail. Therefore, the discharge process must be monitored and protected to prevent the discharge resistor from operating at a high current under abnormal conditions, which could lead to damage.

[0023] Generally, motor controllers use discharge time for protection. If the capacitor voltage does not drop below the safe voltage within a set time, it is considered abnormal, and the active discharge resistor is disconnected. The discharge timeout time in this method is usually based on the normal discharge time, and a set value not lower than the normal discharge time is taken as the discharge timeout time. In this case, the discharge resistor may be in a high-current state for the entire discharge timeout period, which requires high-quality discharge resistor selection that can withstand a much larger continuous power than normal discharge.

[0024] Therefore, in order to overcome the technical defects of the above-mentioned traditional methods, this application provides a discharge protection method, apparatus, device, storage medium, and electric vehicle.

[0025] It should be noted that the executing entity in this embodiment can be a computing service device with data processing, network communication, and program execution functions, such as a tablet computer, personal computer, mobile phone, database system, etc., or a device capable of performing the above functions, such as a motor controller or discharge protection device. The following description uses a motor controller as an example to illustrate this embodiment and the subsequent embodiments.

[0026] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 2 The motor controller includes at least Figure 2 The high-voltage power supply battery indicated by ①; Figure 2 The ② shown refers to the battery output main relay; Figure 2 ③ in the diagram refers to the motor controller capacitor; Figure 2 ④ indicates the active discharge resistor control switch of the motor controller. Figure 2 As shown in Figure ⑤, the motor controller's active discharge resistor (i.e., discharge resistor) is indicated. Figure 2 The remaining parts of the motor controller are shown in ⑥.

[0027] The discharge protection method of this application includes the following implementation steps S10 to S20.

[0028] Step S10: Determine the discharge safety limit data based on the historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during normal discharge, and determine the actual discharge data based on the current discharge data of the discharge resistor in the current discharge cycle and the preset initial cumulative discharge data.

[0029] In this embodiment, after the motor controller is powered on, it first collects historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during normal discharge. This historical discharge data is divided into two dimensions: historical discharge quantity and historical discharge energy. When the collected historical discharge data is historical discharge quantity, the historical discharge quantity is multiplied by a preset discharge quantity limit coefficient, and then the product is added to a preset minimum discharge quantity to calculate the discharge quantity limit value of the discharge resistor. This discharge quantity limit value is used as the discharge safety limit data. At the same time, in the current discharge cycle, the unit discharge quantity is used as the current discharge data, and the initial cumulative discharge quantity of the discharge resistor is used as the initial cumulative discharge data. The cumulative discharge quantity is obtained by adding the unit discharge quantity and the initial cumulative discharge quantity, and this cumulative discharge quantity is determined as the actual discharge data.

[0030] When the collected historical discharge data is the historical discharge energy, the historical discharge energy is multiplied by the preset discharge energy limit coefficient, and then the preset minimum discharge energy is added. The resulting discharge energy limit value is used as the discharge safety limit data. At the same time, within the current discharge cycle, the unit discharge energy is used as the current discharge data, and the initial cumulative discharge energy is used as the initial cumulative discharge data. The cumulative discharge energy obtained by adding the two is the actual discharge data.

[0031] In other words, this application calculates discharge safety limit data by distinguishing between historical data in terms of both electrical quantity and energy. Combined with a dual compensation design of corresponding limit coefficients and minimum base values, it can fully adapt to the parameter deviations of the motor controller, making the setting of discharge safety limit data more in line with actual operating conditions and avoiding protection misjudgment or lag problems caused by a single fixed threshold. Furthermore, based on the actual discharge data calculation method of real-time accumulation of unit discharge data (i.e., unit discharge energy or unit discharge quantity), it can dynamically and accurately track the changes in electrical quantity or energy of the discharge resistor during the discharge process, providing a reliable basis for judging the actual discharge state of the motor controller. In addition, compared with the traditional protection strategy based on fixed time limits, the discharge protection method set in this application can identify discharge anomalies more promptly under abnormal operating conditions (such as abnormal activation of the main relay) through quantitative monitoring of electrical quantity or energy. Especially when the operating voltage of the motor controller is high, it can significantly shorten the protection response time and prevent the discharge resistor from overheating and being damaged due to continuous high current. At the same time, the precise protection logic reduces the requirements for the power tolerance of the discharge resistor, eliminating the need to select resistors that can withstand far more than the normal discharge power, thereby reducing the system hardware cost while ensuring protection reliability.

[0032] Step S20: Determine the actual discharge state of the motor controller based on the comparison result between the actual discharge data and the discharge safety limit data, and trigger the motor controller to perform a stop discharge operation when the actual discharge state is an abnormal discharge state.

[0033] In this embodiment, the actual discharge data is compared with the discharge safety limit data in real time to construct a precise abnormal discharge identification mechanism. Compared with the traditional protection method based on time threshold, it can effectively avoid protection lag or false triggering caused by system parameter fluctuations or operating condition differences, and significantly improve the accuracy of abnormal state judgment. Subsequently, when the actual discharge state is identified as an abnormal discharge state, the motor controller is triggered to immediately execute the stop discharge operation to cut off the discharge circuit in time, thereby quickly terminating the overload working state of the discharge resistor. This fundamentally prevents the discharge resistor from overheating and being damaged due to continuous exposure to excessive charge / energy. This not only greatly extends the service life of the discharge resistor, but also improves the discharge protection performance of the motor controller during the discharge process, ensuring the operational reliability of the motor controller during the discharge process.

[0034] It should be noted that system parameter fluctuations specifically refer to unexpected deviations in the inherent parameters related to discharge protection during the operation of the motor controller; these system parameters include, but are not limited to, the drift of the actual resistance value of the discharge resistor due to temperature changes, and the deviation of the actual capacitance value of the capacitor due to aging or temperature effects.

[0035] Operating condition differences refer to the changes in discharge conditions of the motor controller under different application scenarios. Operating condition parameters include, but are not limited to, differences in the active discharge initiation voltage (such as the difference in bus voltage when the motor stops at different speeds), changes in ambient temperature (affecting the heat dissipation efficiency of the discharge resistor and the maximum allowable discharge amount), and differences in the state of other components in the discharge circuit (such as fluctuations in the contact resistance of the main relay).

[0036] In summary, the discharge protection method proposed in this application significantly improves the discharge protection performance of the motor controller during the discharge process, ensuring the operational reliability of the motor controller during discharge. Specifically, this application can accurately set the discharge safety limit data based on the historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during normal discharge, providing a scientific and reliable safety benchmark for the discharge process, rather than relying on a fixed time threshold. This avoids the problem of overheating and damage to the discharge resistor due to prolonged discharge time under abnormal operating conditions (such as abnormal engagement of the battery relay). Subsequently, based on the current discharge data of the discharge resistor in the current discharge cycle and the preset initial cumulative discharge data, the actual discharge data can be accurately calculated, providing accurate and real-time actual discharge data for subsequent detection of the actual discharge status of the motor controller. Next, based on the comparison result between the actual discharge data and the discharge safety limit data, the actual discharge status of the motor controller can be accurately identified. When the actual discharge status is determined to be an abnormal discharge status, the motor controller is triggered to perform a stop discharge operation, effectively preventing continuous overcurrent and heat accumulation of the discharge resistor, ensuring the safe discharge of the motor controller, and thus ensuring the operational reliability of the motor controller during the discharge process.

[0037] Furthermore, based on the first embodiment of the discharge protection method of this application, a second embodiment of the discharge protection method of this application is proposed. In some feasible embodiments, the above step S20: determining the actual discharge state of the motor controller based on the comparison result between the actual discharge data and the discharge safety limit data, further includes the following implementation steps S201 to S203.

[0038] Step S201: Detect whether the actual discharge data exceeds the discharge safety limit data.

[0039] In this embodiment, a core judgment node for abnormal discharge identification is constructed by directly detecting and comparing actual discharge data with discharge safety limit data, providing a quantitative benchmark for subsequent status determination. Specifically, real-time collected actual discharge data (cumulative discharge capacity or cumulative discharge energy) is used as input, and discharge safety limit data (discharge capacity limit value or discharge energy limit value) calibrated based on historical discharge data is used as the judgment threshold. Through precise numerical comparison, the potential risk of exceeding limits during discharge can be directly captured, avoiding the ambiguity of traditional fixed-time threshold judgment methods and laying the foundation for precise triggering of discharge stop operation.

[0040] Step S202: If the actual discharge data exceeds the discharge safety limit data, then the actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined to be an abnormal discharge state.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the actual discharge data exceeds the discharge safety limit data, it is directly determined to be an abnormal discharge state. This enables rapid identification and accurate location of abnormal operating conditions of the motor controller. It can immediately lock the abnormal discharge state when the actual discharge data that the discharge resistor can withstand exceeds the discharge safety limit data, ensuring that the motor controller can activate the protection mechanism before the discharge resistor suffers substantial damage, effectively reducing the risk of fault expansion.

[0042] Step S203: If the actual discharge data does not exceed the discharge safety limit data, then the actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined to be a normal discharge state.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the actual discharge data does not exceed the discharge safety limit data, the actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined to be a normal discharge state. This confirms that the current discharge behavior of the discharge resistor is within the safety threshold and provides a state basis for parameter acquisition and cumulative calculation in subsequent discharge cycles. It avoids the interruption of normal discharge due to over-protection, ensures the effective discharge of capacitor charge under the premise of safety, and takes into account the balance between the system safety and discharge efficiency of the motor controller.

[0044] Furthermore, in some feasible embodiments, after step S203 above: determining that the actual discharge state of the motor controller is a normal discharge state, the discharge protection method further includes the following implementation steps A10 to A30.

[0045] Step A10: In response to the normal discharge state, determine the measured capacitor voltage of the motor controller capacitor connected in parallel with the discharge resistor during the current discharge cycle, and detect whether the measured capacitor voltage is less than the preset discharge safety voltage. In this embodiment, by acquiring the measured capacitor voltage of the motor controller capacitor in real time under normal discharge conditions and comparing it with the preset discharge safety voltage, a secondary judgment dimension of the discharge process is constructed. That is, with the physical quantity of the motor controller capacitor voltage as the core, it supplements the limitations of simply relying on actual discharge data for judgment. It can directly reflect the safety status of the remaining charge of the capacitor, providing a key basis for the fine differentiation of the subsequent discharge status. This ensures that the motor controller can accurately identify whether the discharge has reached the safe end point and avoid misjudgment caused by the deviation of the discharge quantity calculation.

[0046] It should be noted that the formula for calculating the measured capacitor voltage is as follows:

[0047] in, This represents the measured capacitor voltage of the motor controller capacitor during the current discharge cycle. This indicates the active discharge initiation voltage of the motor controller capacitor. This indicates the unit discharge time corresponding to the current discharge cycle. This indicates the resistance value of the discharge resistor. This indicates the capacitance value of the motor controller capacitor.

[0048] The preset discharge safety voltage can be customized according to application requirements. This application does not impose any restrictions.

[0049] Step A20: If the measured capacitor voltage is less than the discharge safety voltage, then the actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined to be a continuous discharge state; In this embodiment, when the measured capacitor voltage is less than the discharge safety voltage, the actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined to be a continuous discharge state, thus realizing dynamic continuous control of the discharge process. Specifically, when the measured capacitor voltage is less than the discharge safety voltage, it is clear that the discharge process must be automatically maintained without interruption until the measured capacitor voltage has discharged to the safety standard. This ensures that the remaining charge of the motor controller capacitor can be continuously discharged through the discharge resistor, avoiding the risk of residual voltage due to premature termination of discharge. Simultaneously, locking the continuous discharge state ensures the continuity of the discharge process and prevents the impact of frequent start-stop cycles on the discharge resistor.

[0050] Step A30: If the measured capacitor voltage is greater than or equal to the discharge safety voltage, then the actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined to be the discharge completion state, and the motor controller is triggered to execute the stop discharge operation based on the discharge completion state.

[0051] In this embodiment, when the measured capacitor voltage is greater than or equal to the discharge safety voltage, the actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined to be the discharge completion state, and the motor controller is triggered to execute the stop discharge operation. This can accurately define the end point of safe discharge and realize the timely termination of the discharge process, ensuring that the discharge circuit is cut off in time after the remaining charge of the capacitor has been discharged to a safe range. This avoids the ineffective loss of the discharge resistor (such as unnecessary energy consumption caused by continuous discharge) and prevents the potential damage to the capacitor and circuit components caused by over-discharge. While ensuring the safety of the motor controller, it improves the energy utilization efficiency and achieves the dual goals of protection and energy saving.

[0052] Furthermore, in some feasible embodiments, after step A20 above: determining that the actual discharge state of the motor controller is a continuous discharge state, the discharge protection method further includes the following implementation step B10.

[0053] Step B10: In response to the continuous discharge state, the actual discharge data is used as the next initial cumulative discharge data, and the next discharge cycle of the current discharge cycle is used as the next current discharge cycle. Then, the process returns to the step of determining the actual discharge data based on the current discharge data of the discharge resistor in the current discharge cycle and the preset initial cumulative discharge data.

[0054] In this embodiment, by updating the current actual discharge data to the next initial cumulative discharge data during continuous discharge, and setting the next discharge cycle of the current discharge cycle as the new current discharge cycle, the calculation steps for the actual discharge data are returned, thus constructing a closed-loop iterative calculation mechanism for the discharge process. This closed-loop iterative calculation mechanism enables dynamic accumulation and periodic updating of discharge data, allowing the motor controller to continuously track changes in charge or energy throughout the entire discharge process, rather than performing only a single or fixed number of detections. This ensures that the actual discharge data reflects the true load state of the discharge resistor in real time. This iterative update method adapts to the characteristic that the measured capacitor voltage continuously decreases during the discharge process, avoiding the problem of lag in cumulative data caused by a fixed discharge cycle. It ensures that each round of discharge state judgment is based on the latest cumulative discharge data, significantly improving the timeliness and accuracy of abnormal discharge identification. Meanwhile, by cyclically executing the calculation steps of actual discharge data, there is no need to preset a fixed total discharge duration. The motor controller can automatically adjust the calculation cycle according to the actual discharge progress of the capacitor. It can quickly accumulate data in the early stage of discharge to capture potential anomalies, and accurately monitor the discharge of residual charge in the later stage of discharge. Ultimately, under the premise of ensuring discharge safety, it realizes intelligent and adaptive control of the discharge process, and further optimizes the discharge efficiency and protection response performance of the motor controller.

[0055] Furthermore, in some other feasible embodiments, the above step S10: determining the discharge safety limit data based on the historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during normal discharge process, the discharge protection method may also include the following implementation steps S101 to S103.

[0056] Step S101: Determine the historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during the normal discharge process, wherein the historical discharge data is the historical discharge quantity or historical discharge energy.

[0057] In this embodiment, the historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during normal discharge is determined, and the historical discharge data is limited to quantifiable electrical quantity parameters or energy parameters. This avoids calculation deviations caused by ambiguity in data format. At the same time, the setting of the two dimensions adapts to the design requirements of different motor controllers (such as motor controllers that focus on electrical quantity monitoring or energy monitoring), laying a data foundation for the flexible application of subsequent discharge protection logic and ensuring the matching of safety limit data with actual discharge characteristics.

[0058] Step S102: When the historical discharge data is the historical discharge capacity, the product of the historical discharge capacity and the preset discharge capacity limit coefficient is added to the preset minimum discharge capacity to obtain the discharge capacity limit value of the discharge resistor, and the discharge capacity limit value is used as the discharge safety limit data.

[0059] In this embodiment, when the historical discharge data is the historical discharge capacity, the discharge capacity limit value is calculated by multiplying the historical discharge capacity and the discharge capacity limit coefficient and adding the minimum discharge capacity. This constructs a dynamic calibration mechanism for the safety threshold adapted to the capacity dimension, so that the discharge capacity limit value can reflect the historical pattern of normal discharge and reserve safety redundancy. This avoids the problem of insufficient protection caused by directly using a single historical discharge capacity as the discharge capacity limit value, and significantly improves the reliability of the safety limit in the capacity dimension.

[0060] It should be noted that the calculation formula for the discharge capacity limit is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] in, Indicates the discharge capacity limit value; This represents the preset discharge capacity limit coefficient. Also known as the active discharge capacity limit factor, this active discharge capacity limit factor can be customized according to application requirements, and this application does not impose any restrictions here; Indicates the historical discharge capacity; Indicates the minimum discharge capacity. The minimum discharge capacity can be customized according to application requirements, and this application does not impose any restrictions here. This indicates the active discharge initiation voltage of the motor controller capacitor; This indicates the capacitance value of the motor controller capacitor; This indicates the preset safe discharge voltage.

[0063] Step S103: When the historical discharge data is the historical discharge energy, the product of the historical discharge energy and the preset discharge energy limit coefficient is superimposed on the preset minimum discharge energy to obtain the discharge energy limit value of the discharge resistor, and the discharge energy limit value is used as the discharge safety limit data.

[0064] In this embodiment, when the historical discharge data is the historical discharge energy, a similar logic is used to calculate the discharge energy limit value, forming an adaptive adjustment mechanism for the safety threshold in the energy dimension. That is, the historical discharge energy is dynamically scaled by the energy limit coefficient, which can adapt to the differences in energy consumption under different operating conditions (such as different heat dissipation efficiency caused by changes in ambient temperature). After superimposing the minimum discharge energy, the effectiveness of the discharge energy limit value within the system's basic error range is further ensured. This allows the safety limit in the energy dimension to accurately match the energy tolerance of the discharge resistor and cope with energy calculation deviations under complex operating conditions, thereby providing an accurate and reliable threshold benchmark for energy monitoring protection strategies.

[0065] It should be noted that the calculation expression for the discharge energy limit is as follows:

[0066]

[0067] in, Indicates the discharge energy limit value; This represents the preset discharge energy limit coefficient. Also known as the active discharge power limit value, this active discharge power limit value can be customized according to application requirements, and this application does not impose any restrictions here; This indicates the historical discharge energy, which is the amount of resistance consumed by the discharge resistor during normal discharge. Indicates the minimum discharge energy. The minimum discharge energy can be customized according to application requirements, and this application does not impose any restrictions here. This indicates the active discharge initiation voltage of the motor controller capacitor; This indicates the capacitance value of the motor controller capacitor; This indicates the preset safe discharge voltage.

[0068] Furthermore, in some other feasible embodiments, the above step S10: determining the actual discharge data based on the current discharge data of the discharge resistor in the current discharge cycle and the preset initial cumulative discharge data, the discharge protection method may also include the following implementation steps C10 to C20.

[0069] Step C10: When the current discharge data is a unit discharge amount and the initial cumulative discharge data is the initial cumulative discharge amount of the discharge resistor, the unit discharge amount is added to the initial cumulative discharge amount to obtain the cumulative discharge amount, and the cumulative discharge amount is used as the actual discharge data.

[0070] In this embodiment, a real-time cumulative monitoring mechanism for the power dimension is constructed by summing the unit discharge capacity with the initial cumulative discharge capacity to obtain the cumulative discharge capacity as the actual discharge data. In step C10, based on the instantaneous discharge capacity within a unit discharge cycle, the total power load of the discharge resistor is dynamically tracked through continuous accumulation. This allows the actual discharge data to reflect the cumulative effect of the discharge process in real time, rather than just the discharge state of a single cycle. This accumulation logic adapts to the continuous characteristics of the discharge process, avoids monitoring distortion caused by single data sampling deviations, and ensures that the actual discharge data in the power dimension can accurately match the real working load of the discharge resistor. This provides a reliable quantitative basis for subsequent comparison with discharge safety limit data, thereby improving the accuracy and sensitivity of the power monitoring protection strategy.

[0071] It should be noted that the cumulative discharge capacity can be... The expression for calculating the unit discharge capacity is as follows:

[0072]

[0073] in, This represents the current flowing through the discharge resistor; This represents the measured capacitor voltage of the motor controller capacitor during the current discharge cycle. This indicates the unit discharge time corresponding to the current discharge cycle. This indicates the resistance value of the discharge resistor. This indicates the amount of electricity discharged per unit.

[0074] In a specific embodiment, refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 The discharge protection strategy based on charge shown includes the following implementation steps 100 to 400.

[0075] Step 100: Reset the accumulated discharge capacity Calculate the discharge capacity limit value ; Step 200: Perform active discharge operation; Step 300: Periodically monitor the measured capacitor voltage Calculate the change in electricity consumption per unit time Simultaneously calculate , where the left side of the equation Represents the cumulative discharge capacity; the right side of the equation Indicates the initial cumulative discharge amount; Step 400: Determine Is it greater than If the value is greater than 1, the discharge anomaly flag (i.e., abnormal discharge state) is triggered, and active discharge is stopped; otherwise, a judgment is made. Is it less than If it is less than , it indicates that the active discharge is complete and the active discharge stops; otherwise, the next cycle continues with step 300.

[0076] Considering the common abnormal activation of the main relay under abnormal conditions, compare the shortest protection times of the two methods: Figure 3 The shortest discharge protection time shown is based on the current-based discharge protection strategy. ( , ):

[0077] The conventional discharge time limit strategy (discharge stops if the voltage discharge is not completed before the active discharge time exceeds the limit) ensures that the discharge time limit is at least the normal discharge time at the highest operating voltage to avoid affecting normal discharge conditions.

[0078] Depend on Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The discharge energy limiting strategy shown can also represent the discharge capacity strategy; the higher the operating voltage of the motor controller, the greater the discharge capacity. The larger the value, the earlier the protection time of the current-based discharge protection strategy.

[0079] Step C20: When the current discharge data is a unit discharge energy and the initial cumulative discharge data is the initial cumulative discharge energy of the discharge resistor, the unit discharge energy is added to the initial cumulative discharge energy to obtain the cumulative discharge energy, and the cumulative discharge energy is used as the actual discharge data.

[0080] In this embodiment, a similar accumulation logic is employed, superimposing the unit discharge energy with the initial accumulated discharge energy to obtain the accumulated discharge energy as the actual discharge data, thus achieving dynamic cumulative monitoring of the energy dimension. That is, by accumulating the discharge energy within a unit cycle, the total energy consumption of the discharge resistor during continuous operation can be accurately captured, fully considering the impact of voltage changes during the discharge process on energy calculation (such as the decrease in energy consumption per unit time due to capacitor voltage drops). Compared to static threshold judgment, this dynamic accumulation method allows the actual discharge data in the energy dimension to more realistically reflect the thermal load state of the discharge resistor, ensuring that the comparison results with the discharge safety limit data accurately characterize whether the resistor is approaching or exceeding the energy tolerance limit. This provides a high-precision quantitative basis for energy monitoring-based protection strategies and effectively enhances the early warning capability for the overheating risk of the discharge resistor.

[0081] It should be noted that the cumulative discharge energy can be used... The expression for calculating unit discharge energy is as follows:

[0082] in, Indicates the energy per unit discharge. This represents the measured capacitor voltage of the motor controller capacitor during the current discharge cycle. This indicates the unit discharge time corresponding to the current discharge cycle. This indicates the resistance value of the discharge resistor.

[0083] In a specific embodiment, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The energy-based discharge protection strategy shown includes the following implementation steps S1 to S4.

[0084] Step S1: Reset the accumulated discharge energy Waccum to zero and calculate the discharge capacity limit. ; Step S2: Perform active discharge operation; Step S3: Periodically monitor the measured capacitor voltage Calculate the change in electrical charge per unit time (unit discharge energy). Simultaneously calculate

[0085] Step S4: Determine Is it greater than If the value is greater than 1, a discharge anomaly flag (i.e., an abnormal discharge state) is triggered, and active discharge is stopped; otherwise, the following judgment is made. Is it less than If the value is less than 1, it indicates that the active discharge is complete and the active discharge stops. Otherwise, the next cycle continues with step S4.

[0086] Considering the common abnormal activation of the main relay under abnormal conditions, compare the shortest protection times of the two methods: The shortest discharge protection time of this strategy ( , ):

[0087] The conventional discharge time limit strategy (discharge stops if the voltage discharge is not completed before the active discharge time exceeds the limit) ensures that the discharge time limit is at least the normal discharge time at the highest operating voltage to avoid affecting normal discharge conditions.

[0088] Depend on Figure 4 As shown, the higher the operating voltage of the motor controller, The larger the value, the earlier the protection time of the current-based discharge protection strategy.

[0089] In summary, the discharge protection method proposed in this application significantly improves the discharge protection performance of the motor controller during the discharge process, ensuring the operational reliability of the motor controller during discharge. Specifically, this application can accurately set the discharge safety limit data based on the historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during normal discharge, providing a scientific and reliable safety benchmark for the discharge process, rather than relying on a fixed time threshold. This avoids the problem of overheating and damage to the discharge resistor due to prolonged discharge time under abnormal operating conditions (such as abnormal engagement of the battery relay). Subsequently, based on the current discharge data of the discharge resistor in the current discharge cycle and the preset initial cumulative discharge data, the actual discharge data can be accurately calculated, providing accurate and real-time actual discharge data for subsequent detection of the actual discharge status of the motor controller. Next, based on the comparison result between the actual discharge data and the discharge safety limit data, the actual discharge status of the motor controller can be accurately identified. When the actual discharge status is determined to be an abnormal discharge status, the motor controller is triggered to perform a stop discharge operation, effectively preventing continuous overcurrent and heat accumulation of the discharge resistor, ensuring the safe discharge of the motor controller, and thus ensuring the operational reliability of the motor controller during the discharge process.

[0090] In addition, this application also provides a discharge protection device, please refer to... Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge protection device involved in the embodiments of this application. The discharge protection device provided in this application includes: The data determination module H01 is used to determine the discharge safety limit data based on the historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during normal discharge, and to determine the actual discharge data based on the current discharge data of the discharge resistor in the current discharge cycle and the preset initial cumulative discharge data. The execution module H02 is used to determine the actual discharge state of the motor controller based on the comparison result between the actual discharge data and the discharge safety limit data, and to trigger the motor controller to perform a stop discharge operation when the actual discharge state is an abnormal discharge state.

[0091] Each functional module of the discharge protection device of this application implements the steps of the discharge protection method of this application as described above during operation.

[0092] In addition, this application also provides a discharge protection device. Please refer to... Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the discharge protection device involved in the embodiments of this application. Specifically, the device in the embodiments of this application may be a device for locally operating discharge protection methods.

[0093] This application provides a discharge protection device, which includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, which are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the discharge protection device method in Embodiment 1 above.

[0094] The following is for reference. Figure 7 The diagram illustrates a structural schematic suitable for implementing the discharge protection device in the embodiments of this application. The discharge protection device in the embodiments of this application may include, but is not limited to, mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptops, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), PADs (Portable Application Description), PMPs (Portable Media Players), in-vehicle terminals (e.g., in-vehicle navigation terminals), and fixed terminals such as digital TVs and desktop computers. Figure 4 The discharge protection device shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitation on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.

[0095] like Figure 7As shown, the discharge protection device may include a processing unit 1001 (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 1002 or a program loaded from a storage device 1003 into a random access memory (RAM) 1004. The RAM 1004 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the discharge protection device. The processing unit 1001, ROM 1002, and RAM 1004 are interconnected via a bus 1005. An input / output interface (i.e., I / O interface) 1006 is also connected to the bus. Typically, the following devices may be connected to the input / output interface 1006: input devices 1007 including, for example, a touch screen, touchpad, keyboard, mouse, image sensor, microphone, accelerometer, gyroscope, etc.; output devices 1008 including, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD), speaker, vibrator, etc.; storage devices 1003 including, for example, magnetic tape, hard disk, etc.; and communication devices 1009. Communication device 1009 allows the discharge protection device to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although the discharge protection device with various devices is shown in the figure, it should be understood that it is not required to implement or possess all of the devices shown. More or fewer devices may be implemented or possessed alternatively.

[0096] Specifically, according to the embodiments disclosed in this application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments disclosed in this application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device, or installed from storage device 1003, or installed from ROM 1002. When the computer program is executed by processing device 1001, it performs the functions defined in the methods of the embodiments disclosed in this application.

[0097] The discharge protection device provided in this application, employing the discharge protection device method in the above embodiments, can solve the technical problem of low reliability of discharge protection devices. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the discharge protection device provided in this application are the same as those of the discharge protection device method provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features in this discharge protection device are the same as those disclosed in the method of the previous embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0098] Furthermore, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium. This computer-readable storage medium stores a discharge protection program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the discharge protection method described above.

[0099] In addition, this application provides an electric vehicle that includes the discharge protection device as described above; or, includes the discharge protection equipment as described above.

[0100] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or system. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or system that includes that element.

[0101] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0102] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a computer-readable storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as described above, and includes several instructions to cause a device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0103] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A discharge protection method, characterized in that, The discharge protection method is applied to a motor controller, the motor controller including a discharge resistor, and the discharge protection method includes: The discharge safety limit data is determined based on the historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during normal discharge, and the actual discharge data is determined based on the current discharge data of the discharge resistor in the current discharge cycle and the preset initial cumulative discharge data. The actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined based on the comparison between the actual discharge data and the discharge safety limit data, and the motor controller is triggered to perform a stop discharge operation when the actual discharge state is an abnormal discharge state.

2. The discharge protection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the actual discharge state of the motor controller based on the comparison result between the actual discharge data and the discharge safety limit data includes: Detect whether the actual discharge data exceeds the discharge safety limit data; If the actual discharge data exceeds the discharge safety limit data, then the actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined to be an abnormal discharge state. If the actual discharge data does not exceed the discharge safety limit data, then the actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined to be a normal discharge state.

3. The discharge protection method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, After the step of determining that the actual discharge state of the motor controller is a normal discharge state, the discharge protection method includes: In response to the normal discharge state, the measured capacitor voltage of the motor controller capacitor connected in parallel with the discharge resistor during the current discharge cycle is determined, and it is detected whether the measured capacitor voltage is less than a preset discharge safety voltage. If the measured capacitor voltage is less than the discharge safety voltage, then the actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined to be a continuous discharge state. If the measured capacitor voltage is greater than or equal to the discharge safety voltage, the actual discharge state of the motor controller is determined to be the discharge completion state, and the motor controller is triggered to execute the stop discharge operation based on the discharge completion state.

4. The discharge protection method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, After determining that the actual discharge state of the motor controller is a continuous discharge state, the discharge protection method includes: In response to the continuous discharge state, the actual discharge data is used as the next initial cumulative discharge data, and the next discharge cycle of the current discharge cycle is used as the next current discharge cycle. Then, the process returns to the step of determining the actual discharge data based on the current discharge data of the discharge resistor in the current discharge cycle and the preset initial cumulative discharge data.

5. The discharge protection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the discharge safety limit data based on the historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during normal discharge includes: Determine the historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during the normal discharge process, wherein the historical discharge data is the historical discharge quantity or historical discharge energy; When the historical discharge data is the historical discharge capacity, the product of the historical discharge capacity and the preset discharge capacity limit coefficient is added to the preset minimum discharge capacity to obtain the discharge capacity limit value of the discharge resistor, and the discharge capacity limit value is used as the discharge safety limit data; or... When the historical discharge data is the historical discharge energy, the product of the historical discharge energy and the preset discharge energy limit coefficient is superimposed on the preset minimum discharge energy to obtain the discharge energy limit value of the discharge resistor, and the discharge energy limit value is used as the discharge safety limit data.

6. The discharge protection method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the actual discharge data based on the current discharge data of the discharge resistor in the current discharge cycle and the preset initial cumulative discharge data includes: When the current discharge data is a unit discharge capacity and the initial cumulative discharge data is the initial cumulative discharge amount of the discharge resistor, the unit discharge capacity is added to the initial cumulative discharge amount to obtain the cumulative discharge capacity, and the cumulative discharge capacity is used as the actual discharge data; or... When the current discharge data is a unit discharge energy and the initial cumulative discharge data is the initial cumulative discharge energy of the discharge resistor, the unit discharge energy is added to the initial cumulative discharge energy to obtain the cumulative discharge energy, and the cumulative discharge energy is used as the actual discharge data.

7. A discharge protection device, characterized in that, The discharge protection device includes: The discharge module is used to determine the discharge safety limit data based on the historical discharge data of the discharge resistor during normal discharge, and to determine the actual discharge data based on the current discharge data of the discharge resistor in the current discharge cycle and the preset initial cumulative discharge data. The execution module is used to determine the actual discharge state of the motor controller based on the comparison result between the actual discharge data and the discharge safety limit data, and to trigger the motor controller to perform a stop discharge operation when the actual discharge state is an abnormal discharge state.

8. A discharge protection device, characterized in that, The discharge protection device includes a memory, a processor, and a discharge protection program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the discharge protection program, it implements the steps of the discharge protection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a discharge protection program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the discharge protection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, The electric vehicle includes the discharge protection device as described in claim 7; or, it includes the discharge protection equipment as described in claim 8.

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