High-definition comfortable high-contrast lens based on multi-band spectrum cooperative regulation and control

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-definition comfortable high-contrast lens based on multi-band spectrum cooperative regulation and control, belongs to the field of optical lenses, and solves the contradiction between high definition and comfort of an existing lens. According to the technical scheme, the near-infrared optical filter comprises a four-color proportion balance layer (delta E is less than 3, square root of [(delta L *) 2 + (delta a) 2 + (delta b *) 2] * *) designed based on a cone cell (S peak 420-440nm, M peak 530-550nm and L peak 560-580nm) sensitivity curve, a stray light filtering layer (eta = (1-Tfilter / Toriginal) * 100% > = 85%) filtering three wavebands such as 475-495nm, and a near-infrared inhibition layer reducing 780-1400 nm and penetrating to 15%-20% or below; the light transmittance of the base material is larger than 90%, and an anti-fog / anti-scraping layer can be integrated. The beneficial effects are that high definition, color rendition and stereoscopic impression unification are realized, eye discomfort is reduced, and the lens is suitable for multiple scenes and is suitable for various glasses such as sunglasses and driving glasses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of optical lenses and outdoor eyewear protection. Specifically, it relates to a high-contrast lens that achieves "high-definition vision, natural color, and comfortable wear" through multi-band spectral synergistic modulation technology. It can be widely used in various product types such as sunglasses, driving glasses, sports glasses (including ski goggles and cycling glasses), goggles, vision correction glasses (myopia / hyperopia / astigmatism lenses), and professional contrast-enhancing glasses. It is especially suitable for scenarios with extremely high requirements for lens visual performance and eye protection, such as snow, high altitude, water, and strong light outdoors. Background Technology

[0002] To improve visual clarity in specific scenarios, current lens technology generally adopts a single control scheme of "dual-color contrast enhancement": that is, by adding optical coatings or dyes, selectively filtering or enhancing the wavelengths of two specific colors (such as red / green, blue / green, yellow / blue, etc.) in the incident light spectrum, artificially increasing the brightness difference or saturation difference between these two types of colors, thereby stimulating the retina to perceive specific colors, and thus enhancing the ability to recognize terrain contours and object edges in environments such as fog, rain, snow, and strong light.

[0003] However, this traditional technology has an unavoidable core flaw, and these flaws have a "chain reaction" effect, seriously affecting user experience and eye health:

[0004] 1. The core reason for color distortion and loss of stereoscopic effect: Imbalance in cone cell response.

[0005] Human color perception relies on the coordinated response of three types of cone cells, and its sensitivity curve follows the CIE 1931 standard cone cell spectral sensitivity data. The specific parameters are as follows:

[0006] S-cone (blue-sensitive cone): The peak sensitivity is located at 420-440nm (relative sensitivity ≈ 0.8), and it has a significant response to light in the 400-480nm wavelength band. It is the core of the perception of blue light and cool tones. When the transmittance of light in this wavelength band is abnormal (too high or too low), it will directly cause distortion of cool tones (such as blue markings appearing gray or white).

[0007] M-cone (green-sensitive cone): The peak sensitivity is located at 530-550nm (relative sensitivity ≈ 1.0), and it has a significant response to light in the 500-580nm wavelength band. It is the key to recognizing the details and contours of objects and judging edge contrast. Insufficient transmittance of light in this wavelength band will cause the edges of objects to be blurred (such as not being able to see road markings in foggy weather).

[0008] L-cone (red-sensitive cone): The peak sensitivity is located at 560-580nm (relative sensitivity ≈ 1.0). It has a significant response to light in the 550-620nm wavelength band and dominates the perception of warm colors (such as red and orange light) and distance judgment. Too much light in this wavelength band will cause "visual glare", while too little light will make it impossible to distinguish the layers of warm colors (such as dark red and light red).

[0009] Traditional "dual-contrast" technology, in pursuit of high contrast, significantly reduces the transmittance of non-target wavelengths (e.g., weakening blue light when enhancing red / green), directly disrupting the normal response ratio of the three types of cone cells. For example, traditional red / green contrast lenses reduce the S-cone response intensity to 30%-40% of normal, causing the brain to be unable to receive complete color signals, thus leading to color distortion and loss of stereoscopic vision. Experimental data shows that after wearing traditional dual-contrast lenses for two consecutive hours, 85% of test subjects experienced visual fatigue symptoms such as eye strain and double vision, with fatigue levels more than three times higher than those experiencing with ordinary clear lenses.

[0010] 2. Poor eye comfort: Dual damage from non-visible light and stray light.

[0011] Traditional technologies focus solely on "dual-color modulation" in the visible light band, completely neglecting the dual harm to the eyes caused by non-visible light (especially near-infrared light) and certain stray light. In scenarios such as snow, water fishing, and high-altitude cycling, sunlight reflectivity is as high as 80%-90%, which includes not only a large amount of visible light, but also approximately 15%-20% of long-wave infrared radiation (780-1400nm) and 10%-12% of blue-green / yellow-green stray light (450-600nm).

[0012] (1) Damage from near-infrared light: Although this wavelength of light is invisible, it has significant thermal radiation characteristics. Experiments have shown that when wearing traditional lenses for one hour in a snowy environment, the temperature of the lens and the skin around the eyes will increase by 2-3°C. For every 1°C increase in temperature, the tear evaporation rate will increase by 15%-20%, causing the tear film breakup time on the surface of the eyeball to shorten from the normal 10-15 seconds to 3-5 seconds, directly causing dry eyes, eye irritation, and burning sensation in the eyes. Long-term exposure will also accelerate lens aging and increase the risk of chronic eye inflammation.

[0013] (2) Stray light interference: Stray light in the blue-green (475-495nm) and yellow-green (570-595nm) bands will produce diffuse reflection in the vitreous humor of the eye, forming "visual glare" - for example, when fishing on the water, traditional lenses cannot filter the blue-green stray light reflected from the water surface, which will cause "white spots" to appear in the field of vision, making it difficult to see the fishing float underwater; when driving at night, the yellow-green stray light emitted by oncoming car lights will form "halo" under traditional lenses, interfering with the judgment of lane lines and pedestrians; these glare will force the pupil to contract frequently and the ciliary muscle to remain tense. After wearing them continuously for 1.5 hours, 90% of the testers will experience symptoms such as eye pain, headache, and blurred vision, resulting in extremely poor comfort.

[0014] Therefore, there has long been a "technical pain point" in this field: traditional lenses cannot balance "high definition" and "comfort", either sacrificing color and health for clarity or giving up contrast performance for comfort; the industry urgently needs a comprehensive lens technology that can solve the problems of clarity, color accuracy, eye protection and wearing comfort from the perspective of "spectral full-band control". Summary of the Invention

[0015] This invention aims to overcome the limitations of existing "dual-color contrast" technology and solve the three core problems of traditional lenses: "the incompatibility between high definition and comfort," "color distortion and lack of stereoscopic effect," and "insufficient protection against non-visible light." It provides a high-contrast lens solution based on multi-band spectral synergistic regulation. Through the synergistic effect of three-layer technology—"four-color balance, stray light filtering, and near-infrared suppression"—it significantly improves visual clarity and resolution while strictly maintaining natural color reproduction and stereoscopic depth perception. It reduces eye heat radiation damage and glare interference from a physical perspective, achieving a comfortable experience of "wearing for more than 4 hours without fatigue." Furthermore, by fine-tuning the spectral parameters, it can adapt to various scenarios such as strong light, cloudy days, foggy and snowy days, water surfaces, and night driving, meeting the personalized needs of different users.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0017] A high-definition, comfortable, high-contrast lens based on multi-band spectral synergistic modulation includes a four-color ratio balance layer, a specific stray light filtering layer, and a near-infrared light suppression layer that work in sequence and synergistically.

[0018] The four-color ratio balancing layer ensures the effective utilization of near-infrared light with wavelengths of 780-1400nm, red light with wavelengths of 650-695nm, green light with wavelengths of 520-570nm, and blue light with wavelengths of 450-490nm, with a color difference ΔE < 3. ΔE is calculated based on the CIELAB color difference formula, √[(ΔL*)]. 2 +(Δa) 2 +(Δb*) 2]**, where ΔL is the difference in brightness, Δa is the difference in red-green luminance, and Δb* is the difference in yellow-blue luminance. The ratio of the above four colors is adjusted by adding specific absorbents or coatings to the lens substrate.

[0019] The specific stray light filtering layer filters stray light in the blue-green mixed band, the green-red transition band, and the red band through multi-layer interference coating or nanoscale optical materials. The wavelength of the blue-green mixed band is 475-495nm, the wavelength of the green-red transition band is 570-595nm, and the wavelength of the red band is 670-695nm. The stray light filtering rate η satisfies η=(1-T_filtered / T_original)×100%, where T_filtered is the transmittance after filtering, T_original is the original transmittance of the substrate, and η≥85%.

[0020] The near-infrared light suppression layer reduces the transmittance of near-infrared light by adding special absorbers or reflective coatings. The wavelength of the near-infrared light is 780-1400nm, and the transmittance in this band is reduced to below 15%-20%.

[0021] The substrate is made of high-transmittance optical material, and the basic transmittance of the substrate is >90%.

[0022] Furthermore, the substrate is selected from polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyamide, or polarizing substrate.

[0023] Furthermore, the four-color ratio balancing layer adjusts the refractive index of each primary color through a multilayer TiO2 / SiO2 alternating film system. The film system design matches the sensitivity curves of the three types of cone cells in the human eye: S cone: sensitivity peak 420-440nm, response range 400-480nm; M cone: sensitivity peak 530-550nm, response range 500-580nm; L cone: sensitivity peak 560-580nm, response range 550-620nm.

[0024] Furthermore, the specific stray light filtering layer, through a dual-band interference film system, causes destructive interference between the light in the blue-green mixed band and the green-red transition band. The wavelength of the blue-green mixed band is 475-495nm, which is the S / M cone response overlap region. Within this range, the S cone sensitivity is 0.4-0.6 and the M cone sensitivity is 0.2-0.4. The wavelength of the green-red transition band is 570-595nm, which is the M / L cone boundary region. Within this range, the M cone sensitivity is 0.3-0.5 and the L cone sensitivity is 0.5-0.7.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes an anti-fog coating or a scratch-resistant and abrasion-resistant layer superimposed on the surface; the anti-fog coating is a hydrophilic polymer, and the scratch-resistant and abrasion-resistant layer is a SiC hard coating.

[0026] Furthermore, specific dyes or nanoparticles can be dispersed on a substrate using injection molding to integrate a functional layer, or a functional layer can be prepared on a molded substrate by vacuum deposition.

[0027] Furthermore, it is suitable for sunglasses, driving glasses, sports glasses, goggles, vision correction glasses, or contrast-enhancing glasses.

[0028] Compared with existing "dual-color contrast enhancement" lens technology, the advantages of this invention are "comprehensive and in-depth," and each advantage has clear technical support and practical application value, as detailed below:

[0029] Visual performance has achieved a "qualitative leap": from "single high contrast" to a three-in-one "high definition, color, and stereoscopic" performance.

[0030] Traditional lenses can only achieve "high contrast in specific two colors," but this inevitably comes with color distortion and a lack of three-dimensionality; while this invention achieves "unity of all three" through the synergy of a four-color balance layer and a stray light filtering layer:

[0031] In terms of clarity: the stray light filtering layer achieves a filtering rate of 85%-90% for the three types of interference bands, improving the resolution of object edges by 40%-50%. For example, in foggy conditions, traditional lenses can clearly see road signs 50 meters away, while lenses of this invention can clearly see signs 80-100 meters away. When skiing, the boundaries between the protrusions and depressions of the snow are blurred under traditional lenses, while lenses of this invention can clearly distinguish height differences of 5-10 centimeters.

[0032] In terms of color reproduction: the color difference control of ΔE < 3 makes the color reproduction close to natural naked-eye vision; tests show that when wearing the lenses of this invention to view a 12-color standard color chart, the color recognition accuracy rate is over 98%, while the accuracy rate of traditional dichroic lenses is only 75%-80%; in outdoor shooting scenarios, the color saturation of photos taken with the lenses of this invention deviates from the real scene by less than 5%, which is far lower than the 15%-20% deviation of traditional lenses.

[0033] In terms of three-dimensionality: the four-color balance layer maintains the natural proportion of the three primary colors, enabling the brain to accurately judge distance through the differences in color depth and brightness. For example, when cycling, traditional lenses may misjudge an obstacle 10 meters away as 5 meters away, while the distance judgment error under the lens of this invention is less than 1 meter, significantly improving visual safety.

[0034] Eye comfort and health protection have been comprehensively upgraded: from "passive tolerance" to "active protection".

[0035] Traditional lenses offer no effective protection against near-infrared and stray light, leaving users with no choice but to passively endure dry eyes and eye fatigue. This invention, however, provides dual active protection through a near-infrared suppression layer and a stray light filtering layer, addressing the discomfort at its source.

[0036] Significantly improved wearing comfort: The near-infrared suppression layer controls the rise in eye temperature to 0.5-1℃ and reduces tear evaporation rate by 30%-40%. After wearing continuously for 4 hours, the incidence of dry eyes and eye pain is only 5%-8%, while the incidence of traditional lenses is 70%-80%. The stray light filtering layer eliminates "glare interference" and reduces the tension of the ciliary muscle by 60%-70%. Long-term wear is less likely to cause symptoms such as headaches and double vision.

[0037] More comprehensive eye health protection: Near-infrared transmittance is reduced to below 15%-20%, which can reduce the chronic damage of infrared radiation to the lens and periocular tissues. For long-term outdoor workers (such as ski instructors and plateau guides), wearing the lenses of this invention can reduce the risk of chronic eye inflammation by more than 50%. At the same time, stray light filtering reduces the stimulation of diffuse reflection on the retina, which can reduce the risk of "visual nerve fatigue" caused by long-term wear.

[0038] Environmental adaptability has been "significantly broadened": from "single-scenario adaptation" to "full-scenario coverage".

[0039] Traditional lenses with "dual-color control" are only suitable for certain scenarios (e.g., red / green contrast lenses are only suitable for snow, and blue / green contrast lenses are only suitable for water), requiring lens replacement when changing scenarios. In contrast, this invention, based on the dynamic adjustability of four-color ratios, can adapt to multiple scenarios by fine-tuning spectral parameters, without requiring lens replacement.

[0040] In high-light scenes (snow, high altitude): After fine-tuning, the red light transmittance is reduced by 10%-15% to avoid glare, while maintaining the green and blue light transmittance to ensure color and clarity;

[0041] Low-light scenes (cloudy, foggy): After fine-tuning, the green light transmittance is increased by 8%-12%, enhancing the recognition of object edges, while not increasing other bands to avoid over-stimulation;

[0042] Water surface scenes (fishing, sailing): After fine-tuning, the blue light transmittance is increased by 5%-8%, which offsets the loss of blue light reflection on the water surface and makes underwater objects clearer;

[0043] Night driving scenario: After fine-tuning, the filtration rate of the green-red transition band (570-595nm) is increased to 90%, reducing the yellow-green glare from oncoming headlights while maintaining clear recognition of red light (brake lights) and blue light (indicator lights).

[0044] This "full-scene coverage" feature allows a single lens to meet the needs of users in multiple scenarios, including "outdoor work, sports, and daily commuting," significantly improving the product's practicality and cost-effectiveness.

[0045] Enhanced technical compatibility and scalability: Seamlessly integrates various additional functions and adapts to more product types.

[0046] The core spectral control layer of this invention (four-color balance, stray light filtering, near-infrared suppression) adopts a "modular design," which can be seamlessly integrated with the additional functions of existing lenses (anti-fog, scratch-resistant, impact-resistant, polarization) without affecting the core performance.

[0047] When an anti-fog coating (hydrophilic polymer) is applied, the transmittance of the anti-fog coating is >95%, and its effect on spectral modulation is <3%.

[0048] When a scratch-resistant and abrasion-resistant layer (SiC hard coating) is applied, the coating hardness reaches H level or above, and the spectral transmittance curve of the lens is not changed.

[0049] When adapting to polarized lenses, the core spectral control layer can be combined with the polarization film layer to achieve both "polarized anti-glare + multi-band spectral control", which is suitable for scenarios such as fishing and driving.

[0050] In addition, the technical solution is compatible with a variety of lens substrates (PC, PMMA, PA, polarized substrate), and can be used for both non-prescription sunglasses and sports glasses, as well as prescription vision correction glasses. For example, myopic users can customize integrated lenses with "myopia prescription + spectral control" to solve the pain point that "traditional myopic sunglasses can only stain and cannot achieve high-definition contrast", and further broaden the application range of the products. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram comparing the transmittance spectrum curves of the lens of the present invention with those of a conventional lens (horizontal axis: wavelength λ / nm; vertical axis: transmittance T / %).

[0052] in,

[0053] A (traditional lens): Sharp peaks appear at 450-490nm and 520-570nm, followed by almost no attenuation after 780nm, resulting in an imbalance of the three primary colors and no suppression of NIR.

[0054] B (the lens of this invention):

[0055] Smooth wavelength distribution across three bands: 450-490nm, 520-570nm, and 650-695nm, with ΔE < 3;

[0056] "Dipple" appears at three locations: 475-495nm, 570-595nm, and 670-695nm (transmittance decreases by 10-25%).

[0057] The transmittance in the 780-1400nm near-infrared region drops sharply to <20%.

[0058] Figure 2 This is a spectral distribution characteristic diagram of the lens of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3 This is a visual effect diagram (I) of the lens of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4 This is a visual effect diagram (II) of the lens of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 5 This is a sensitivity curve of the lens of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0062] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0063] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of the invention is in use, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third" are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0064] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" does not imply that the component must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0065] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "multiple" means at least two.

[0066] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0067] Example:

[0068] A high-definition, comfortable, high-contrast lens based on multi-band spectral synergistic modulation includes a four-color ratio balance layer, a specific stray light filtering layer, and a near-infrared light suppression layer that work in sequence and synergistically.

[0069] The four-color ratio balance layer ensures the effective utilization of near-infrared light with a wavelength of 780-1400nm, red light with a wavelength of 650-695nm, green light with a wavelength of 520-570nm, and blue light with a wavelength of 450-490nm, and the color difference ΔE < 3. The ratio of the above four colors can be adjusted by adding specific absorbers or coatings to the lens substrate.

[0070] The specific stray light filtering layer filters stray light in the blue-green mixed band, the green-red transition band, and the red band through multi-layer interference coating or nanoscale optical materials. The wavelength of the blue-green mixed band is 475-495nm, the wavelength of the green-red transition band is 570-595nm, and the wavelength of the red band is 670-695nm.

[0071] The near-infrared light suppression layer reduces the transmittance of near-infrared light by adding special absorbers or reflective coatings, wherein the wavelength of the near-infrared light is 780-1400nm.

[0072] The substrate is made of high-transmittance optical material, and the basic transmittance of the substrate is >90%.

[0073] (I) Cone cells, tristimulus values, and CIE diagrams

[0074] 1. Quantitative application of cone cell sensitivity curves

[0075] like Figure 5The figure shows the sensitivity curves for three types of cone cells (S-type corresponds to S-cones, M-type to M-cones, and L-type to L-cones). It is clearly observed from the figure that the sensitivity peak of S-type (blue-sensitive cones) is concentrated in the 420-440nm range, with a relative sensitivity of approximately 0.8. It exhibits a significant response to light in the 400-480nm wavelength range, and its sensitivity rapidly rises to its peak in the 400-440nm range, gradually decreasing after 440nm; M-type (green-sensitive cones)... The peak sensitivity of the first type is located in the 530-550nm range, with a relative sensitivity close to 1.0. It maintains a high sensitivity level throughout the 500-580nm band (sensitivity > 0.8 in most ranges). The peak sensitivity of the L-type (red-sensitive cone) is located in the 560-580nm range, with a relative sensitivity of approximately 1.0. It shows a significant response to light in the 550-620nm band, and its sensitivity gradually decreases after 620nm, dropping below 0.4 after 650nm and approaching 0 near 700nm. The four-color band selection and the design of each functional layer in this invention are based on precise quantitative matching of the sensitivity curves of these three types of cone cells, achieving a synergistic balanced response of cone cells from a spectral modulation perspective. The following details each functional module:

[0076] (1) Matching logic between the four-color ratio balance layer and the cone cell sensitivity curve

[0077] The core objective of the four-color ratio balancing layer is to ensure the effective utilization of near-infrared, red, green, and blue light, while maintaining the natural ratio of the response intensity of the three types of cone cells in their corresponding wavelengths. This avoids over-excitation or inhibition of a single cone cell due to spectral modulation, thereby preventing color distortion and visual fatigue.

[0078] Blue light band (450-490nm): The S-type curve shows a significant response in the 400-480nm band, with the peak sensitivity range (sensitivity ≈ 0.8) between 420-440nm. This invention deliberately chose 450-490nm as the effective blue light utilization band because this range falls in the middle to later part of the S-type response. Looking at the curve trend, the S-type sensitivity is approximately 0.6 at 450nm, decreasing to approximately 0.4 at 490nm, with the overall sensitivity remaining stable between 0.4 and 0.6. The lens transmittance in this band is precisely controlled at 70%-75%, ensuring that the actual response intensity of "S-cone sensitivity × transmittance" remains stable at 0.28-0.45 (e.g., at 450nm: 0.6 × 70% = 0.42; at 490nm: 0.4 × 75% = 0.3). This is essentially consistent with the response intensity range of the S-cone under natural light (0.30-0.48). This design avoids visual fatigue caused by excessive blue light while ensuring the naturalness of the perception of cool colors (such as sky blue and sea blue). If the wavelength is below 450nm (close to the peak range of S-type), the sensitivity of the S-cone will be too high (>0.6) due to its proximity to the peak. At this time, even if the blue light transmittance is controlled at 70%, the actual response intensity will exceed 0.42, which can easily cause the blue colors to appear washed out and distorted. If the wavelength is above 490nm, it will overlap with the green light band (500-580nm) of the M-type response, destroying the color distinction between blue and green and causing the phenomenon of "blue-green mixing".

[0079] Green light band (520-570nm): The sensitivity of the M-type curve in the 500-580nm band is >0.8, and the peak sensitivity range is 530-550nm (sensitivity ≈1.0). This invention selects 520-570nm as the effective green light utilization band, which completely covers the core response range of M-type, and the center wavelength of the band (545nm) highly overlaps with the peak range of M-type. The transmittance of the lens in this band is controlled at 85%-90% (consistent with the transmittance of the substrate), so that the actual response intensity of "M cone sensitivity × transmittance" is >0.68 (e.g., in the 530-550nm peak range, sensitivity ≈1.0, transmittance 90%, actual response intensity ≈0.9). This value is much higher than the 0.45-0.55 of traditional "dual-contrast" lenses, thereby maximizing the recognition ability of object details (such as the edges of road markings, snow terrain undulations). For example, in foggy environments, this wavelength of light can clearly outline the edges of road markings, significantly improving the recognition distance of signs; in low-light (cloudy, foggy) scenarios, the M-cone response intensity can be further increased to >0.74 by finely adjusting the green light transmittance to 93%-100%, greatly enhancing the recognition effect of terrain and object outlines in foggy weather.

[0080] Red light band (650-695nm): The L-type curve shows high sensitivity in the 550-620nm band (peak value ≈ 1.0), but gradually decreases after 620nm, with sensitivity dropping to 0.2-0.4 in the 650-695nm range (as can be observed from the curve, the sensitivity is approximately 0.4 at 650nm and approximately 0.2 at 695nm). This invention selects this range as the effective red light utilization band because it is located at the end of the L-type response range. This avoids over-excitation of the L-cone under strong light conditions due to high sensitivity (e.g., sensitivity ≈ 1.0 in the 560-580nm range), thus preventing "red light glare." Furthermore, the extended wavelength characteristic enhances the distinction of warm colors (such as deep red and light red, orange tones). The lens's transmittance is controlled at 75%-80% in this wavelength range, ensuring that the actual response intensity of "L-con sensitivity × transmittance" remains stable at 0.15-0.32 (e.g., at 650nm: 0.4 × 75% = 0.3; at 695nm: 0.2 × 80% = 0.16), which is basically consistent with the response intensity range of the L-con under natural light (0.18-0.30). In strong light (snowy, high-altitude) scenarios, the red light transmittance can be finely adjusted to 65%-70%, further reducing the L-con response intensity to 0.13-0.28, effectively avoiding the problem of glare from strong light.

[0081] Near-infrared band (780-1400nm): As can be seen from the sensitivity curves, the sensitivity of the three types of cone cells above 700nm is almost zero, meaning that cone cells do not respond to light above 700nm. However, near-infrared light in this band has significant thermal radiation characteristics, which can cause thermal damage to the lens and periocular tissues. Therefore, this invention reduces the transmittance of this band to below 15%-20% through a near-infrared suppression layer, significantly reducing the absorption of thermal radiation by the eye, and ultimately controlling the increase in eye temperature to within 0.5-1℃, thereby effectively reducing the rate of tear evaporation and the risk of lens aging.

[0082] (2) Matching logic between specific stray light filtering layer and cone cell sensitivity curve

[0083] Specific stray light filtering layers need to filter stray light in the blue-green mixed band, the green-red transition band, and the red band. The selection of these bands is also based on the characteristics of the "response overlap area" or "boundary area" in the cone cell sensitivity curve. In these areas, the human eye's color discrimination ability is relatively weak, and stray light can easily cause glare or color blur, which seriously affects visual clarity and comfort.

[0084] Blue-green mixed stray light band (475-495nm): As shown in the curve, this band is in the overlap region of the S-type (400-480nm) and M-type (500-580nm) responses (S-type sensitivity is 0.4-0.6 in 475-495nm, and M-type sensitivity is 0.2-0.4 in this range). The human eye's color discrimination ability in this band is inherently weakest, making it difficult to clearly distinguish between blue and green. Furthermore, the reflectivity of this band is extremely high (up to 60%-70%) on water surfaces, snow, and glass surfaces, making it a major source of "diffuse glare" (such as the "white spotlight" when fishing on water or the "glaring reflection" in snowy environments). Therefore, this invention uses multi-layer interference coating technology to reduce the transmittance of this band to 10%-15% and the filtration rate to ≥85%, thereby effectively eliminating blue-green glare in water surfaces, snowy environments, and other similar scenarios. For example, in a surface fishing scenario, wearing the lenses of this invention allows one to clearly see the float 1-2 meters underwater, completely avoiding the interference of "white spots" on vision.

[0085] The stray light band in the green-red transition zone (570-595nm): This band is located at the boundary between M-type (500-580nm) and L-type (550-620nm) (M-type sensitivity is 0.3-0.5 in this range, and L-type sensitivity is 0.5-0.7). It belongs to the signal mixing region of the "red-green opposing channel". Stray light can cause "color blurring" at the edges of objects (such as unclear boundaries between yellow road markings and gray road surfaces). In nighttime driving scenarios, this band of light accounts for about 15%-20% of the spectrum of oncoming headlights, and is the main source of "halo", which seriously interferes with the driver's judgment of lane lines and pedestrians. Therefore, this invention uses a dual-band interference film system to reduce the transmittance of this band to 8%-12% and the filtration rate to ≥85%, thereby significantly improving the contrast between yellow markings and the road surface. During nighttime driving, the marking recognition distance can be increased from 50 meters with traditional lenses to more than 80 meters.

[0086] Red stray light band (670-695nm): The L-type sensitivity in this band is 0.1-0.3 (the curve shows a sensitivity of approximately 0.3 at 670nm and approximately 0.1 at 695nm). The human eye has low sensitivity to this band, and it easily overlaps with near-infrared light (780-1400nm), creating a double negative effect of "thermal radiation + visual interference" (the thermal radiation absorption intensity of this band is approximately 0.6, and the overlap with near-infrared light exacerbates the increase in eye temperature). Therefore, this invention reduces the transmittance of this band to 12%-18% and the filtration rate to nearly 85% by adding specific nanoscale absorption dyes. This design makes the "effective band" of red light (650-670nm, L-type sensitivity 0.3-0.4) more prominent, making the human eye perceive key red visual signals (such as traffic lights) more clearly; it also reduces the thermal radiation to the eyes from this band, improving wearing comfort.

[0087] 2. The conversion process between tristimulus values ​​and CIE diagrams

[0088] The color fidelity control (ΔE < 3) of this invention is achieved through a quantitative conversion of “cone cell sensitivity curve → tristimulus value → CIE chromaticity diagram”, and the specific steps and formulas are as follows:

[0089] (1) Tristimulus value calculation: Tristimulus values ​​(X, Y, Z) are the basic physical quantities describing color. They need to be combined with the spectral power distribution of the standard light source (S(λ), such as the D65 standard light source commonly used in outdoor scenes), the spectral transmittance of the lens (T(λ)), and the CIE 1931 standard colorimetric observer spectral tristimulus value function (x(λ)). z(λ), corresponding to the red, green, and blue primary color responses respectively, is calculated using the following formula:

[0090]

[0091] The integration range of 400-1400nm covers the visible light (400-760nm) and near-infrared (780-1400nm) ranges. It exhibits a significant peak value (≈0.9) in the 650-695nm wavelength range (red light). It exhibits a significant peak value (≈1.0) in the 520-570nm wavelength range (green light). It has a significant peak value (≈0.8) in the 450-490nm wavelength band (blue light), which is highly matched with the four-color wavelength band of the present invention, ensuring that the calculation results can truly reflect the color reproduction capability of the lens.

[0092] (2) CIE xy chromaticity diagram conversion: To eliminate the influence of luminance on color, the tristimulus values ​​need to be converted into two-dimensional chromaticity coordinates (x, y). The formula is as follows:

[0093] x = X / (X+Y+Z);

[0094] y = Y / (X + Y + Z);

[0095] z = Z / (X + Y + Z) (satisfying x + y + z = 1, z can be omitted)

[0096] Through this transformation, the coordinate range of the core wavelength band of the lens of the present invention on the CIE 1931 x-y chromaticity diagram is as follows:

[0097] Blue light (450-490nm): x≈0.15-0.20, y≈0.05-0.10, corresponding to the area near the "blue primary color" in the chromaticity diagram, with a chromaticity coordinate deviation of <0.02 from natural blue light;

[0098] Green light (520-570nm): x≈0.25-0.30, y≈0.60-0.65, corresponding to the core area of ​​"green primary color" in the chromaticity diagram, with a chromaticity coordinate deviation of <0.01 from natural green light;

[0099] Red light (650-695nm): x≈0.70-0.75, y≈0.25-0.30, corresponding to the end region of "red primary color" in the chromaticity diagram, with a chromaticity coordinate deviation of <0.02 from natural red light;

[0100] The triangular area formed by the three elements highly overlaps with the distribution of natural colors on the CIE diagram, ensuring that the color reproduction is close to naked-eye vision (ΔE < 3).

[0101] (3) Calculation of color difference ΔE: The CIELAB color difference formula is used to quantify the difference between the lens and the natural color. The formula is:

[0102] ΔEab=√[(ΔL*) 2 +(Δa) 2 +(Δb*) 2 ]**

[0103] in:

[0104] ΔL*=L*_lens-L*_natural (L is brightness, with a value of 0-100, where 0 is black and 100 is white). This invention controls the light transmittance of the substrate (>90%) to make ΔL<0.5.

[0105] Δa*=a*_lens-a*_natural (a is red-green tint, positive value is red, negative value is green). This invention adjusts the red light band to make Δa<1.0;

[0106] Δb*=b*_lens-b*_natural (b is the yellow-blue tint, a positive value is yellow and a negative value is blue). This invention makes Δb<1.0 by controlling the blue light band.

[0107] Ultimately, ΔE*ab < √(0.5) 2 +1.0 2 +1.0 2 =√2.25 = 1.5 < 3, where when ΔE < 1, the human eye cannot perceive the color difference at all, and when ΔE = 1-3, the difference is within the "acceptable range", which ensures the contrast performance without affecting the accurate recognition of traffic signals (such as red lights and yellow lights).

[0108] (II) Design and Band Characteristics of Each Functional Layer

[0109] 1. Four-color ratio balancing layer (characteristics of each band and matching with cone cells): This layer is the "core foundation" of the entire spectral modulation system. Its design logic is: without sacrificing the spectral integrity of any primary color, by precisely controlling the transmission ratio of near-infrared light (NIR) and the four colors of red (R), green (G), and blue (B), both contrast performance and color balance are guaranteed. The detailed characteristics of each band are as follows:

[0110] (1) Red light band (650-695nm)

[0111] Transmittance characteristics: The transmittance in the 650-695nm band is stable at 75%-80%, and the transmittance below 650nm gradually decreases from 80% to 50% (to avoid overlapping with the green light band and prevent color mixing). The transmittance above 695nm rapidly decreases to below 20% (to connect to the near-infrared suppression layer and reduce heat radiation).

[0112] Matching with L-cones: The sensitivity of L-cones in this band is 0.2-0.4 (sensitivity at peak 560-580nm ≈ 1.0), and the product of transmittance and sensitivity (reflecting the actual response intensity of cone cells) is stable at 0.15-0.32, which is basically consistent with the response intensity of L-cones under natural light (0.18-0.30), ensuring natural perception of warm tones;

[0113] Scene adaptation: In strong light (snow / high altitude) scenes, the red light transmittance can be finely adjusted to 65%-70% (reduced by 10%-15%), so that the L-con response intensity is reduced to 0.13-0.28, avoiding glare from strong light.

[0114] (2) Green light band (520-570nm)

[0115] Transmittance characteristics: The transmittance in the 520-570nm band is stable at 85%-90% (consistent with the transmittance of the substrate), the transmittance below 520nm gradually decreases from 85% to 60% (to avoid overlapping with blue light), and the transmittance above 570nm gradually decreases from 85% to 75% (to avoid overlapping with red light).

[0116] Matching with M-cones: The sensitivity of M-cones in this band is >0.8 (approximately 1.0 at peak 530-550nm), and the product of transmittance and sensitivity is >0.68, which is much higher than that of traditional lenses (0.45-0.55), ensuring stronger ability to recognize object details;

[0117] Scene adaptation: In low-light (cloudy / foggy) scenes, the green light transmittance can be finely adjusted to 93%-100% (an increase of 8%-12%), making the M-frust response intensity >0.74, thus enhancing the contour recognition of terrain and objects in foggy weather.

[0118] (3) Blue light band (450-490nm)

[0119] Transmittance characteristics: The transmittance in the 450-490nm band is stable at 70%-75%. Below 450nm, the transmittance gradually decreases from 70% to 30% (to avoid damage from short-wavelength blue light (400-450nm), which can easily cause retinal damage). Above 490nm, the transmittance gradually increases from 70% to 85% (connecting to the green light band).

[0120] Matching with the S-cone: The sensitivity of the S-cone in this band is 0.4-0.6 (approximately 0.8 at the peak of 420-440nm), and the product of transmittance and sensitivity is stable at 0.28-0.45, which is basically consistent with the response intensity of the S-cone under natural light (0.30-0.48), thus avoiding cold color distortion;

[0121] Scene adaptation: In water surface (fishing / sailing) scenes, the blue light transmittance can be finely adjusted to 75%-83% (an increase of 5%-8%) to offset the reflection loss of blue light on the water surface (water surface reflection will reduce blue light transmittance by 5%-10%), and restore the true color of objects under the water surface.

[0122] (4) Near-infrared band (780-1400nm)

[0123] Transmittance characteristics: The transmittance in the 780-1400nm band gradually decreases from 20% to 5%, while the transmittance below 780nm remains at 75%-80% (connecting to the red light band, without affecting visible light transmittance);

[0124] Matching the thermal response of the eye: The thermal radiation absorption intensity of this wavelength of light is >0.8 (relative value). After the transmittance is reduced, the amount of thermal radiation absorbed by the eye is reduced by 60%-75% (thermal absorption is positively correlated with transmittance). This can control the temperature rise of the lens of the eye to 0.5-1℃ (compared to 2-3℃ for traditional lenses) and reduce the tear evaporation rate by 30%-40%.

[0125] 2. Specific Stray Light Filtering Layer (Characteristics and Filtering Effect of Each Stray Light Band): This layer is a "precise optimization" based on the "four-color balance" principle. It achieves "directional filtering" for three specific bands that are most sensitive to the human eye and most prone to interference. The filtering rate η = (1 - T_filtered / T_original) × 100% ≥ 85%, and does not affect the spectral integrity of the four-color balance layer. The detailed characteristics of each stray light band are as follows:

[0126] (1) Blue-green mixed stray light band (475-495nm)

[0127] Stray light characteristics: This band is located in the overlapping response area of ​​the S-cone (400-480nm) and M-cone (500-580nm). The human eye has the weakest color discrimination ability in this band (cannot clearly distinguish between blue and green), and the reflectivity on water, snow and glass surfaces is extremely high (up to 60%-70%), which is the main source of "diffuse glare".

[0128] Filtration effect: Through multi-layer interference coating, the transmittance of this band is reduced to 10%-15% (the original transmittance of the substrate is 70%-75%), and the filtration rate η = (1-(10-15%) / (70-75%))×100%≈83.3%-88.9%≥85%; After filtration, the blue-green glare of the water surface and snow can be eliminated. For example, when fishing on the water surface, the float 1-2 meters deep can be clearly seen, avoiding the interference of "white spots".

[0129] Technical principle: TiO2 / SiO2 alternating multilayer coating (film thickness ≈ 80.8nm, calculated based on the destructive interference formula d=λ / (4n), where λ is the center wavelength of the band 485nm and n is the refractive index of TiO2 1.5) is used to cause destructive interference of light in this band, reducing the amount of light transmitted.

[0130] (2) Green-red transition stray light band (570-595nm)

[0131] Stray light characteristics: This band is located at the intersection of the M-cone (500-580nm) and L-cone (550-620nm), and is a signal mixing area of ​​the "red-green opposing channel". Stray light in this band will cause "color blurring" at the edges of objects (such as the unclear boundary between yellow markings and gray road surface); when driving at night, the light in this band accounts for about 15%-20% of the spectrum of oncoming headlights, which is the main source of "halo".

[0132] Filtration effect: By using a dual-band interference film system, the transmittance of this band is reduced to 8%-12% (the original transmittance of the substrate is 85%-90%), and the filtration rate η = (1 - (8-12%) / (85-90%)) × 100% ≈ 86.7%-91.1% ≥ 85%; after filtration, the contrast between the yellow markings and the road surface can be improved by 30%-40%, and the location of the markings can be identified earlier when driving at night (the identification distance is increased from 50 meters to 80 meters);

[0133] Technical principle: The film thickness is ≈97.5nm (calculated based on the destructive interference formula d=λ / (4n), where λ is the center wavelength of the band 585nm and n is the refractive index of TiO2 1.5), which causes destructive interference in this band of light, while not affecting the transmission of effective green light in the 520-570nm range.

[0134] (3) Red stray light band (670-695nm)

[0135] Stray light characteristics: This band is the "end region" of red light, and the human eye has low sensitivity to it (L cone sensitivity 0.1-0.3). Moreover, this band of light is easily superimposed with near-infrared light (780-1400nm), forming a dual effect of "thermal radiation + visual interference" - the thermal radiation absorption intensity of this band of light is ≈0.6 (relative value), and the superposition of near-infrared light will aggravate the increase in eye temperature.

[0136] Filtering effect: By adding specific nano-scale absorbing dyes, the transmittance of this wavelength band is reduced to 12%-18% (the original transmittance of the substrate is 75%-80%), and the filtration rate η = (1 - (12-18%) / (75-80%)) × 100% ≈ 80%-86.7% (close to 85%). After filtration, the "effective wavelength band" (650-670nm) of red light can be made more prominent, making the human eye perceive red more clearly (such as traffic red lights), while reducing heat radiation to the eyes.

[0137] Technical principle: The added nanoscale dye (particle size 5-10nm, dispersion uniformity >95%) only has an absorption effect on the 670-695nm wavelength band, and has no effect on the transmittance of effective red light in the 650-670nm band (impact <3%).

[0138] 3. Near-infrared light suppression layer: This layer utilizes a dual technology of "dye absorption + coating reflection" to specifically block the thermal radiation of near-infrared light in the 780-1400nm range, reducing transmittance to below 15%-20%, without affecting the functions of the four-color balance layer and stray light filtering layer.

[0139] Dye absorption: Add a specific cyanine infrared absorbing dye (concentration 0.02%-0.04%). This dye only absorbs light in the 780-1400nm wavelength range, and its effect on the transmittance of red light (650-695nm), green light (520-570nm), and blue light (450-490nm) is <3%.

[0140] Coating Reflection: The TiO2 / SiO2 alternating film system (8-12 layers, each layer thickness 50-200nm) with "high infrared reflectance + high visible light transmittance" is adopted. The reflectance of the film system is >60% in the 780-1400nm band and <5% in the visible light band, ensuring that the spectral ratio established by the four-color balance layer is not destroyed.

[0141] Protective effect: Experimental data shows that in a snowy environment, after wearing the lens of this invention for 1 hour, the temperature of the eye lens only increased by 0.5-1℃, which is much lower than the 2-3℃ of traditional lenses; the tear film breakup time was maintained at 8-10 seconds, close to the normal naked eye state (10-15 seconds), only 2-3 seconds shorter than the naked eye, while the tear film breakup time of traditional lenses is only 3-5 seconds.

[0142] Furthermore, the substrate is selected from polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyamide, or polarizing substrate. Among them, polycarbonate (PC) substrate has high impact resistance (suitable for sports glasses), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) substrate has high light transmittance (up to 93%, suitable for vision correction glasses), and polarizing substrate can additionally realize polarized anti-glare function (suitable for water fishing and driving scenarios).

[0143] Furthermore, the four-color ratio balancing layer adjusts the refractive index of each primary color through a multilayer TiO2 / SiO2 alternating film system. The number of film layers is 10-15, and the thickness of each layer is 50-180nm. By adjusting the film thickness and the number of layers, the transmittance of each primary color can be finely adjusted (adjustment range ±5%) to adapt to different scenario requirements.

[0144] Furthermore, the specific stray light filtering layer uses a dual-band interference film system to cause destructive interference between the blue-green mixed band and the green-red transition band. The optical thickness of the interference film system satisfies d = λ / (4n) (where d is the film thickness, λ is the center wavelength of the target band, and n is the refractive index of the film), ensuring that the destructive interference effect is maximized. For example, the center wavelength of the blue-green mixed band is 485nm, and the refractive index of the TiO2 film is 1.5. The calculated film thickness is d = 485 / (4×1.5) ≈ 80.8nm. At this thickness, the destructive interference effect is optimal, and the transmittance is lowest.

[0145] Furthermore, it also includes an anti-fog coating or a scratch-resistant and abrasion-resistant layer superimposed on the surface; the anti-fog coating is a hydrophilic polymer (such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol), with a light transmittance >95%, an effect on spectral modulation effect <3%, and an anti-fog duration >8 hours (in an environment with a temperature of 5-35℃ and a humidity of 60%-90%); the scratch-resistant and abrasion-resistant layer is a SiC hard coating with a thickness of 50-100nm, a hardness of H grade or above (pencil hardness test), and does not change the spectral transmittance curve of the lens (transmittance change <2%).

[0146] Furthermore, specific dyes or nanoparticles can be dispersed on a substrate using injection molding to integrate a functional layer (dispersion uniformity > 95%, ensuring uniform transmittance), or a vacuum coating can be applied to the molded substrate (vacuum degree < 5 × 10⁻⁶). - 4 Pa (to avoid impurities in the film layer affecting light transmission) is used to prepare the functional layer. Among them, injection molding is suitable for mass production of non-prescription lenses (such as sunglasses), while vacuum coating is suitable for customized prescription lenses (such as myopia correction glasses).

[0147] Furthermore, it is suitable for sunglasses, driving glasses, sports glasses, safety goggles, vision correction glasses, or contrast-enhancing glasses. For example:

[0148] Sports goggles (ski goggles, cycling goggles): Made of PC substrate + anti-fog coating + near-infrared suppression layer, suitable for snow and strong outdoor light scenarios;

[0149] Vision correction glasses (myopia / hyperopia): Made with PMMA substrate + vacuum-coated functional layer, they can be customized according to prescription, solving the pain point that "traditional myopia sunglasses can only stain and cannot achieve high-definition contrast";

[0150] Driving mirror: It adopts a polarized substrate and green-red transition light enhancement filtering to adapt to strong daylight and oncoming headlight glare scenarios at night.

[0151] Example 1:

[0152] Lens fabrication for high-light scenes (snow / plateau)

[0153] Substrate selection: Polycarbonate (PC) substrate is used, with a base light transmittance of 92% and a thickness of 2.0mm (impact resistant, suitable for snow sports);

[0154] Four-color ratio adjustment:

[0155] Adding a red light absorbing dye (concentration 0.02%) to the substrate reduces the red light (650-695nm) transmittance from 80% to 70% (to avoid glare from strong light);

[0156] Vacuum coating (vacuum degree 3×10) -4A TiO2 / SiO2 alternating film system (12 layers, each layer thickness 50-180nm) was prepared by Pa, and the transmittance of green light (520-570nm) was adjusted to 90% and the transmittance of blue light (450-490nm) to 75%.

[0157] Stray light filtering:

[0158] Dual-band interference films (for 475-495nm and 570-595nm) were deposited with film thicknesses of 80.8nm (TiO2, n=1.5) and 97.5nm (TiO2, n=1.5), respectively, which reduced the transmittance of the two bands to 15% and 12%, respectively.

[0159] Adding a red stray light absorbing dye (concentration 0.01%) to the substrate reduces the transmittance of 670-695nm to 15%.

[0160] Near-infrared suppression: Adding cyanine infrared absorbing dye (concentration 0.03%) reduces the transmittance of 780-1400nm to 18%;

[0161] Composite functions integrated: The surface is coated with a SiC scratch-resistant layer (50nm thick) and has a hardness of 2H (pencil hardness test);

[0162] Performance testing:

[0163] Color difference ΔE = 2.1 < 3, color reproduction 98.5% (viewing the 12-color standard color chart, color recognition accuracy 98.5%);

[0164] With a stray light filtering rate of 87%-89%, the road sign recognition distance reaches 95 meters in foggy conditions (compared to only 50 meters for traditional lenses);

[0165] After wearing them continuously for 4 hours, the incidence of dry eyes and eye pain is only 7% (compared to 70%-80% for traditional lenses);

[0166] One hour in a snowy environment, the eye temperature increased by 0.8°C (compared to 2.5°C with traditional lenses), and the tear film breakup time was 9 seconds (compared to only 4 seconds with traditional lenses).

[0167] Example 2:

[0168] Lens preparation for nighttime driving scenarios

[0169] Substrate selection: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) substrate is used, with a basic light transmittance of 93% and a thickness of 1.8mm (high light transmittance, suitable for nighttime vision);

[0170] Four-color ratio adjustment:

[0171] The transmittance of green light (520-570nm) was adjusted to 92% through coating (enhancing object edge recognition);

[0172] Maintain 80% transmittance for red light (650-695nm) (to ensure brake light recognition, with the main wavelength of brake lights being 660nm) and 72% transmittance for blue light (450-490nm) (to ensure indicator light recognition, with the main wavelength of indicator lights being 470nm).

[0173] Stray light filtering:

[0174] Enhanced 570-595nm stray light filtering by thickening the interference film to 100nm reduces the transmittance in this band to 8% (filtration rate 91.4%), thereby reducing glare from oncoming headlights.

[0175] The transmittance of 475-495nm decreased to 12% (filtration rate 83.3%), and the transmittance of 670-695nm decreased to 16% (filtration rate 80%).

[0176] Near-infrared suppression: by depositing an infrared reflective film (TiO2 / SiO2 10 layers, each layer 80-150nm thick), the transmittance at 780-1400nm is reduced to 15%;

[0177] Composite function integration: The surface is coated with a hydrophilic polymer (polyvinyl alcohol) anti-fog coating (thickness 30nm), and the anti-fog duration is >8 hours;

[0178] Performance testing:

[0179] Color difference ΔE = 1.8 < 3, traffic signal recognition accuracy is 100% (tested 100 times for red light, yellow light, and green light recognition, with no misjudgments);

[0180] The glare reduction rate of oncoming headlights is 90% (subjective evaluation: all 10 testers said "the halo is significantly reduced"), and the lane line recognition distance is 80 meters (traditional lenses only 40 meters);

[0181] Wearing the lenses continuously for 4 hours resulted in a 5% incidence of eye pain and headache (compared to 65% for traditional lenses).

[0182] When driving at night, the error in judging the distance to obstacles is less than 1 meter (compared to 5-8 meters for traditional mirrors).

[0183] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-definition, comfortable, high-contrast lens based on multi-band spectral synergistic modulation, characterized in that: It includes a four-color ratio balancing layer, a specific stray light filtering layer, and a near-infrared light suppression layer that work in sequence and synergistically. The four-color ratio balancing layer ensures the effective utilization of near-infrared light with wavelengths of 780-1400nm, red light with wavelengths of 650-695nm, green light with wavelengths of 520-570nm, and blue light with wavelengths of 450-490nm, with a color difference ΔE < 3. ΔE is calculated based on the CIELAB color difference formula, √[(ΔL*)]. 2 +(Δa) 2 +(Δb*) 2 ]**, where ΔL is the difference in brightness, Δa is the difference in red-green luminance, and Δb* is the difference in yellow-blue luminance. The ratio of the above four colors is adjusted by adding specific absorbents or coatings to the lens substrate. The specific stray light filtering layer filters stray light in the blue-green mixed band, the green-red transition band, and the red band through multi-layer interference coating or nanoscale optical materials. The wavelength of the blue-green mixed band is 475-495nm, the wavelength of the green-red transition band is 570-595nm, and the wavelength of the red band is 670-695nm. The stray light filtering rate η satisfies η=(1-T_filtered / T_original)×100%, where T_filtered is the transmittance after filtering, T_original is the original transmittance of the substrate, and η≥85%. The near-infrared light suppression layer reduces the transmittance of near-infrared light by adding special absorbers or reflective coatings. The wavelength of the near-infrared light is 780-1400nm, and the transmittance in this band is reduced to below 15%-20%. The substrate is made of high-transmittance optical material, and the basic transmittance of the substrate is >90%.

2. The high-definition, comfortable, high-contrast lens based on multi-band spectral synergistic modulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate is selected from polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polyamide or polarizing substrate.

3. The high-definition, comfortable, high-contrast lens based on multi-band spectral synergistic modulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four-color ratio balancing layer adjusts the refractive index of each primary color through a multilayer TiO2 / SiO2 alternating film system. The film system is designed to match the sensitivity curves of the three types of cone cells in the human eye: S cone: peak sensitivity 420-440nm, response range 400-480nm; M cone: peak sensitivity 530-550nm, response range 500-580nm; L cone: peak sensitivity 560-580nm, response range 550-620nm.

4. The high-definition, comfortable, high-contrast lens based on multi-band spectral synergistic modulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific stray light filtering layer, through a dual-band interference film system, causes destructive interference between light rays in the blue-green mixed band and the green-red transition band. The wavelength of the blue-green mixed band is 475-495nm, which is the S / M cone response overlap region. Within this range, the S cone sensitivity is 0.4-0.6 and the M cone sensitivity is 0.2-0.

4. The wavelength of the green-red transition band is 570-595nm, which is the M / L cone boundary region. Within this range, the M cone sensitivity is 0.3-0.5 and the L cone sensitivity is 0.5-0.

7.

5. A high-definition, comfortable, high-contrast lens based on multi-band spectral synergistic modulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an anti-fog coating or a scratch-resistant and abrasion-resistant layer superimposed on the surface; the anti-fog coating is a hydrophilic polymer, and the scratch-resistant and abrasion-resistant layer is a SiC hard coating.

6. A high-definition, comfortable, high-contrast lens based on multi-band spectral synergistic modulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specific dyes or nanoparticles are dispersed on a substrate using injection molding to integrate a functional layer, or a functional layer is prepared on a molded substrate by vacuum deposition.

7. A high-definition, comfortable, high-contrast lens based on multi-band spectral synergistic modulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Suitable for sunglasses, driving glasses, sports glasses, goggles, vision correction glasses, or contrast-enhancing glasses.

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