Data transmission method, system and device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a data transmission method, system and device and electronic equipment. The system comprises a collector, a target communication device and a concentrator, and is characterized in that the collector is used for carrying out data collection on an intelligent electric meter to obtain meter reading data; the target communication device is used for transmitting the meter reading data from the collector to the concentrator in a multi-mode communication mode; and the concentrator is connected with the target master station through an optical fiber and is used for sending the preprocessed meter reading data to the target master station from the concentrator. According to the method and the device, the technical problem that the reliability and the real-time performance of user electric energy data (such as meter reading data) transmission are not ideal in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electricity meter reading technology, and more specifically, to a data transmission method, system, device, and electronic equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the widespread adoption of smart meters, improving the ability to read and transmit electrical energy data from smart meters to meet the rapid response and coordinated control requirements of virtual power plants has become an important component of electricity metering systems. Since the inception of smart meters, meter reading technology has evolved from centralized to remote reading, and from single-mode to dual-mode. With the development of intelligence and informatization, remote meter reading technology has matured, and the power industry's demand for meter reading has expanded from simply reading data to diversified needs such as real-time reading and intelligent management. Related technologies: Remote power meter reading technology mainly uses public network remote meter reading. Public network remote meter reading technology uses public network communication networks, resulting in poor real-time performance, security, and reliability of meter reading data. There are technical problems with the reliability and real-time performance of transmitting meter reading data, including user electricity consumption, real-time power, voltage, current, and frequency.

[0003] There is currently no effective solution to the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a data transmission method, system, device, and electronic device to at least solve the technical problems of unsatisfactory reliability and real-time performance of user energy data (such as meter reading data) transmission in related technologies.

[0005] According to one aspect of the embodiments of this application, a data transmission system includes: a collector, a target communication device, and a concentrator, wherein the collector is used to collect data from smart meters to obtain meter reading data; the target communication device is used to transmit the meter reading data from the collector to the concentrator via multimodal communication; and the concentrator is connected to a target master station via optical fiber and is used to send preprocessed meter reading data from the concentrator to the target master station.

[0006] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a data transmission method is provided, including: receiving meter reading data from a smart meter using a multimodal communication method; transmitting the meter reading data to a concentrator using a serial communication method; and the concentrator being used to send the preprocessed meter reading data to a target master station.

[0007] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, a data transmission device is provided, including: a meter reading data acquisition module, used to receive meter reading data from a smart meter using a multimodal communication method; a meter reading data transmission module, used to transmit the meter reading data to a concentrator using a serial communication method; and a concentrator used to send the preprocessed meter reading data to a target master station.

[0008] According to another aspect of the embodiments of this application, an electronic device is provided, including: one or more processors and a memory, the memory being used to store one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors cause the one or more processors to implement any one of the data transfer methods.

[0009] In this embodiment, a data collector, a target communication device, and a concentrator are included. The data collector is used to collect data from smart meters to obtain meter reading data. The target communication device is used to transmit the meter reading data from the data collector to the concentrator via multimodal communication. The concentrator is connected to the target master station via optical fiber and is used to send the pre-processed meter reading data from the concentrator to the target master station. This achieves the goal of efficiently transmitting meter reading data using a combination of multimodal communication and optical fiber, thereby improving the reliability and real-time performance of user energy data (such as meter reading data) transmission and solving the technical problem of unsatisfactory reliability and real-time performance of user energy data (such as meter reading data) transmission in related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0010] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an optional data transmission system provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0012] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an optional data transmission method provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0013] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an optional data transmission method provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0014] Figure 4 This is an optional 230MHz wireless communication unit structure diagram provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0015] Figure 5 This is an optional directional antenna element structure diagram provided according to an embodiment of this application;

[0016] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an optional data transmission device provided according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0019] For ease of description, the following explains some of the nouns or terms used in the embodiments of this application:

[0020] High-speed power line carrier (HPLC) communication is a data communication technology that uses power lines as the transmission medium. This communication method allows data to be transmitted over power lines without the need to lay additional communication lines, simplifying network deployment and maintenance.

[0021] Low-power wireless (RF) communication is a data communication technology that uses electromagnetic waves to propagate through the air. This communication method has advantages such as non-contact, flexibility, and real-time performance.

[0022] Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is the ratio of the average power of a signal to the average power of noise. It is a physical quantity that reflects the strength of a signal relative to noise. The higher the ratio, the better the signal quality.

[0023] According to an embodiment of this application, a method embodiment for data transmission is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions. Furthermore, although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an optional data transmission system provided according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: a data collector 101, a target communication device 102, and a concentrator 103, wherein,

[0025] The data collector 101 is used to collect data from smart meters and obtain meter reading data.

[0026] The target communication device 102 is used to transmit meter reading data from the collector 101 to the concentrator 103 via multimodal communication.

[0027] The concentrator 103 is connected to the target master station via optical fiber and is used to send the pre-processed meter reading data from the concentrator 103 to the target master station.

[0028] It is understood that the data collector connects to the smart meter via a standard communication interface, using a predefined communication protocol. After establishing a connection and ensuring normal communication, the data collector collects data from the smart meter, obtaining its meter reading data. This meter reading data typically includes user energy data such as electricity consumption, real-time power, voltage, current, and frequency, as well as the meter's operating status information. Collecting energy data via a data collector ensures higher-frequency data acquisition and uploading, meeting the real-time data requirements of the virtual power plant and facilitating more accurate load forecasting and coordinated control. After acquiring the meter reading data, the data collector transmits it to the concentrator via a target communication device using multimodal communication. The concentrator then sends the pre-processed meter reading data to the target master station using fiber optic transmission. Transmitting the pre-processed meter reading data via fiber optics ensures high speed, low latency, high reliability, and strong security, improving the transmission efficiency and reliability of the meter reading data.

[0029] Optionally, data interaction between the system master station and the concentrator is achieved via optical fiber. The concentrator uploads pre-processed meter reading data to the system master station (i.e., the target master station) via optical fiber; the system master station then sends instructions to the concentrator via optical fiber. After one transmission of meter reading data is completed, the collector, the 230MHz and 4G / 5G dual-mode module, and the concentrator all enter a sleep state to reduce energy consumption.

[0030] Optionally, when the system master station issues instructions such as electricity information query, it can receive the instruction information from the concentrator through the serial communication method of the second communication device, and then the second communication device sends the instruction to the first communication device through multi-modal communication.

[0031] In one optional embodiment, the target communication device includes a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein the first communication device is disposed on the collector side and is used to transmit meter reading data from the collector to the second communication device using a multimodal communication method; the second communication device is disposed on the concentrator side and is used to transmit meter reading data from the second communication device to the concentrator using a serial communication method.

[0032] It is understood that the target communication device includes a first communication device and a second communication device, both of which employ multimodal communication to transmit meter reading data. The first communication device is located on the collector side and is used to transmit meter reading data from the collector to the second communication device. The second communication device is located on the concentrator side and has the function of receiving meter reading data transmitted via multimodal communication and transmitting the meter reading data from the second communication device to the concentrator via serial communication. Through multimodal communication, not only is the stability and efficiency of data transmission improved, but data security is also enhanced, providing a more reliable and flexible data transmission mechanism for the virtual power plant.

[0033] Optionally, both the collector side and the concentrator side have a 230MHz dual-mode module for 4G / 5G (4G or 5G). The collector reads the user's electricity data from the smart meter according to a certain data interface and communication protocol, and transmits it to the 230MHz dual-mode module for 4G / 5G (i.e., the first communication device) located on the collector side. Then, it transmits the meter reading data to the 230MHz dual-mode module for 4G / 5G (i.e., the second communication device) on the concentrator side of the same distribution radio area in a dual-mode manner (i.e., dual-mode communication). Finally, it pushes the meter reading data to the concentrator via serial communication.

[0034] In one optional embodiment, the first communication device includes a first communication unit for communication using a predetermined transmission frequency and a second communication unit for 4G or 5G communication. The second communication device includes a third communication unit for communication using a predetermined transmission frequency and a fourth communication unit for 4G or 5G communication, wherein the predetermined transmission frequency is 230MHz.

[0035] It is understood that the first communication device includes a first communication unit for communication using a predetermined transmission frequency, and a second communication unit for 4G (Fourth Generation) or 5G (Fifth Generation) communication. The second communication device includes a third communication unit for communication using a predetermined transmission frequency and a fourth communication unit for 4G or 5G communication, wherein the predetermined transmission frequency is 230MHz. Transmitting meter reading data through multimodal communication can improve the reliability, stability, and security of data transmission, while also enhancing the system's response speed and flexibility.

[0036] Optionally, a 230MHz wireless communication unit can be used as the first and third communication units mentioned above.

[0037] In one optional embodiment, the first communication device includes an omnidirectional antenna unit, and the second communication device includes a directional antenna unit. The first communication unit transmits the pre-processed meter reading data from the collector to the concentrator via the third communication unit having a directional antenna unit through the omnidirectional antenna unit.

[0038] It is understood that the first communication device includes an omnidirectional antenna unit, and the second communication device includes a directional antenna unit. The first communication unit transmits the pre-processed meter reading data to the concentrator via the directional antenna unit of the third communication unit through the omnidirectional antenna unit. By rationally using directional and omnidirectional antenna units, the energy consumption of the communication equipment can be reduced and the service life of the equipment can be extended while ensuring the quality of meter reading data transmission.

[0039] Optionally, both the collector and concentrator sides have a 230MHz dual-mode module supporting 4G / 5G. The 230MHz wireless communication unit on the collector side uses a conventional omnidirectional antenna (i.e., an omnidirectional antenna unit), while the 230MHz wireless communication unit on the concentrator side uses a directional tracking antenna (i.e., a directional antenna unit). The collector reads the electricity data from the user's smart meter and then transmits the meter reading data to the concentrator located in the same distribution area via a 230MHz power wireless private network and 4G / 5G communication (i.e., 4G or 5G communication), i.e., a dual-mode approach. After processing the meter reading data, the concentrator uploads the meter reading data to the system master station (i.e., the target master station) via optical fiber.

[0040] In one optional embodiment, the directional antenna unit includes a servo turntable and a directional antenna. The directional antenna is disposed on the servo turntable and is adjusted according to the pose of the servo turntable so that the radiation pattern of the directional antenna is pointed to the target direction. The target direction is determined based on the positioning signal of the first communication device and the positioning signal of the concentrator. When it is determined that the pose of the adjusted servo turntable meets the predetermined pose conditions, the first communication device uses the directional antenna adjusted to the target direction to send the preprocessed meter reading data to the third communication unit according to the predetermined transmission frequency.

[0041] It can be understood that the directional antenna unit in the second communication device includes a servo turntable and a directional antenna. The directional antenna is mounted on the rotatable servo turntable and adjusts its posture according to the rotation of the servo turntable, so that the radiation pattern of the directional antenna points to the target direction. The target direction is determined based on the positioning signals of the first communication device and the concentrator. When the communication mode of the third communication unit is used as the target communication mode, the servo turntable is controlled to rotate to adjust its posture. The directional antenna rotates synchronously with the rotation of the servo turntable, thereby adjusting the orientation of the directional antenna to point to the target direction. When the posture of the servo turntable is adjusted to meet the predetermined posture conditions, it indicates that the radiation pattern of the directional antenna points to the target direction. At this time, according to the predetermined transmission frequency, such as 230MHz, the pre-processed meter reading data is transmitted from the first communication unit in the first communication device to the third communication unit in the second communication device using the directional antenna adjusted to the target direction. The use of the directional antenna unit, combined with the dynamic posture adjustment of the servo turntable, significantly improves the directionality of electromagnetic wave transmission and signal gain, thereby reducing signal attenuation, improving communication quality, and ensuring the accurate transmission of meter reading data.

[0042] Optionally, the target direction pointed to by the radiation pattern of the directional antenna can be determined not only by the positioning signal of the first communication device on the collector side, but also by the positioning device of the smart meter. The smart meter can use the positioning device to provide latitude and longitude location information about the collector or the smart meter. The directional antenna unit determines the target direction based on the latitude and longitude location information and points the radiation pattern of the directional antenna to that target direction.

[0043] Optionally, the directional tracking antenna (i.e., the directional antenna element) mainly consists of a directional microstrip antenna and a servo turntable. Compared to conventional omnidirectional antennas, directional microstrip antennas have the advantages of strong radiation directionality and high gain (the maximum radiation direction of the microstrip antenna pattern is along the normal direction of the dielectric substrate), which can improve communication quality and reliability. The servo turntable can rotate within a 360° horizontal range. Under the action of GPS (Global Positioning System, used to provide users with high-precision location, navigation, and time information services) data acquisition function, the servo turntable rotates to synchronize the rotation of the directional microstrip antenna, so as to align it with the data acquisition device or its corresponding smart meter to upload meter reading data.

[0044] In one optional embodiment, the first communication unit includes a baseband processing unit and a radio frequency transceiver unit. The baseband processing unit and the radio frequency transceiver unit are powered by different power supplies. The baseband processing unit is used to perform preprocessing on the meter reading data, and the radio frequency transceiver unit is used to convert the preprocessed meter reading data into a radio frequency signal of a predetermined transmission frequency for transmission and reception.

[0045] It can be understood that the first communication unit includes a baseband processing unit and an RF transceiver unit. The baseband processing unit and the RF transceiver unit are powered by different power supplies. The baseband processing unit uses specific preprocessing algorithm software to preprocess the meter reading data, including data compression, encryption, and format conversion. The RF transceiver unit modulates the preprocessed meter reading data into an RF signal at a predetermined transmission frequency. Simultaneously, the RF module is also responsible for receiving instructions or data packets from the master station and converting them into digital signals for processing by the baseband processing unit. Through data preprocessing by the baseband processing unit, the amount of data transmitted wirelessly can be significantly reduced, increasing data transmission speed and reducing the load on the wireless network. Furthermore, by combining the RF signal at the predetermined transmission frequency with a directional antenna, signal attenuation can be effectively reduced, signal quality improved, thereby increasing data transmission stability and distance, and enhancing the applicability of data transmission in complex or long-distance communication environments.

[0046] Optionally, the first communication unit includes a baseband processing unit, a serial communication unit, an SD card memory unit, a Flash storage unit, a download management unit, a power supply unit, and a radio frequency transceiver unit. The baseband processing unit is responsible for processing the meter reading data; the serial communication unit is for the 230MHz wireless communication unit to interact with other communication devices for data. The download management unit is used for online simulation debugging. If a large amount of meter reading data from a large number of smart meters is uploaded at once in a dual-mode manner, it will cause a large amount of data received by the 230MHz wireless communication unit. Therefore, the SD card storage unit is used to store the meter reading data in the SD card first, and then the microprocessor reads the data from the SD card successively for processing. The power supply unit powers the 230MHz wireless communication unit. The radio frequency transceiver unit is used to modulate, filter, and amplify the signal processed by the baseband processing unit, and then radiate it into space in the form of electromagnetic waves via the antenna; or send the electromagnetic wave signal received by the antenna to the baseband processing unit after amplification, filtering, and demodulation.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, the smart meter has a plug-and-play interface, and the collector is connected to the smart meter through the plug-and-play interface for obtaining meter reading data.

[0048] It can be understood that the smart meter has a plug-and-play interface, and the plug-and-play interface follows a certain standard protocol to ensure compatibility between different types of collectors and the smart meter. The collector can establish a connection with the smart meter through the plug-and-play interface and use a pre-defined communication protocol to communicate with the smart meter and collect data to obtain the meter reading data. The plug-and-play interface reserved by the smart meter is for the hot plug-and-play design of the collector, so as to realize the rapid deployment and upgrade of the data collection and transmission functions. The design of the plug-and-play interface simplifies the installation process of the collector, making maintenance and upgrade more convenient and fast, improving the overall operation and maintenance efficiency of the system. At the same time, the coordinated use of the smart meter and the collector not only improves the efficiency and quality of data collection, but also enhances the compatibility, scalability, and security of the system, which is an important technological progress in the data collection link of modern smart grids.

[0049] Optionally, the data collector can connect to the smart meter via a hot-swappable interface. The data collector is placed on the user's smart meter, with one data collector per smart meter. To facilitate large-scale application, the data collector can be manufactured as a module consisting of a plastic casing, a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), and corresponding standard interfaces, and can be hot-swapped onto the smart meter. Simultaneously, the smart meter and the data collector can also establish a connection via wireless communication methods, such as Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity, a technology that allows electronic devices to connect to a local area network or the Internet via radio waves) and ZigBee (a wireless communication protocol), as well as power line communication.

[0050] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of an optional data transmission method provided according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the method includes steps S201 and S202.

[0051] Step S201: Receive meter reading data from smart meters using multimodal communication.

[0052] Step S202: The meter reading data is transmitted to the concentrator via serial communication; the concentrator is used to send the preprocessed meter reading data to the target master station.

[0053] It is understandable that after the data collector acquires the meter reading data, it uses multimodal communication to receive the data through the target communication device. The target communication device then uses serial communication to transmit the meter reading data to the concentrator. The concentrator then sends the pre-processed meter reading data to the target master station. This method achieves the goal of efficiently transmitting meter reading data using a combination of multimodal communication and fiber optics, thereby improving the reliability and real-time performance of user energy data (such as meter reading data) transmission and solving the technical problem of unsatisfactory reliability and real-time performance of user energy data (such as meter reading data) transmission in related technologies.

[0054] In one optional embodiment, receiving meter reading data from a smart meter using a multimodal communication method includes: acquiring the channel status corresponding to each of the multimodal communication methods; determining a candidate communication method whose corresponding channel status is a normal connection; if there are multiple candidate communication methods, determining a target communication method among the multiple candidate communication methods based on the communication quality corresponding to each of the multiple candidate communication methods; and controlling the concentrator to read the meter reading data transmitted through the target communication method.

[0055] Understandably, before data transmission, the concentrator assesses the availability of each multimodal communication method by detecting the channel status. Based on the channel status, it selects communication methods with good signal quality and the ability to establish stable connections as candidate methods. When multiple candidate methods exist, their communication quality needs further evaluation, and the method with the best communication quality is selected as the target method. After determining the target method, the concentrator reads the meter reading data transmitted via that method. Through multimodal communication, even if the signal is interfered with or attenuated in one communication mode, data transmission can still be completed through other communication modes, significantly improving the stability and success rate of data transmission. Simultaneously, the evaluation of communication quality and the selection of the target communication method ensure that, in a given communication environment, communication methods with better signal quality and higher transmission efficiency are prioritized, thereby optimizing the use of communication resources and reducing communication latency.

[0056] Optionally, the concentrator detects the dual-mode meter reading channels (i.e., channels corresponding to multiple communication modes in multi-mode communication). The concentrator reads, stores, and processes the meter reading data uploaded by the channel that can establish a normal connection with it. If both channels can establish a normal connection with the concentrator, then according to certain rules and protocols, only the data transmitted by one of the channels is read, stored, and processed.

[0057] In one optional embodiment, determining a target communication method from among multiple candidate communication methods based on their respective communication quality includes: determining the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and data transmission success rate (DNR) for each of the multiple candidate communication methods, wherein the SNR represents the relative intensity of the data signal and background noise; determining the communication quality for each of the multiple candidate communication methods based on their respective SNR and DNR; and determining the target communication method with the optimal corresponding communication quality from among the multiple candidate communication methods.

[0058] It is understandable that in the process of evaluating and selecting a target communication method from multiple candidate communication methods, the target communication method is determined by evaluating the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and data transmission success rate of multiple candidate communication methods. The SNR represents the relative strength of the data signal and background noise, and is an important indicator of signal quality. A higher SNR means that the strength of the data signal is much greater than the background noise, which is beneficial to the accuracy and stability of data transmission. The data transmission success rate represents the proportion of data transmitted and received without errors under a specific communication mode. By comprehensively analyzing the SNR and data transmission success rate, the communication quality of each communication method can be evaluated, and the candidate communication method with the best communication quality can be selected as the target communication method. By dynamically selecting a communication method with high SNR and high data transmission success rate as the target communication method, not only is the reliability and success rate of data transmission improved, but the use of communication resources is also effectively optimized, avoiding waste of resources on unsuitable communication methods, and providing strong technical support for the application of smart grids and virtual power plants.

[0059] Through the above steps S201 to S202, the goal of efficiently transmitting meter reading data using a combination of multimodal communication and optical fiber can be achieved, thereby improving the reliability and real-time performance of user energy data (such as meter reading data) transmission and solving the technical problem of unsatisfactory reliability and real-time performance of user energy data (such as meter reading data) transmission in related technologies.

[0060] Based on the above embodiments and optional embodiments, this application proposes an optional implementation method: a dual-mode meter reading method based on a 230MHz power line wireless private network and 4G / 5G. It also provides the structure of the 230MHz wireless communication unit for constructing this 230MHz power line wireless private network, the directional tracking antenna, and the data communication protocol for dual-mode meter reading data transmission. This addresses the shortcomings of current dual-mode meter reading data, which suffers from "dead zones" due to the use of high-speed power line carrier communication (HPLC) or low-power wireless communication (RF). Simultaneously, fiber optic communication is used to transmit meter reading data from the concentrator to the system master station.

[0061] Virtual power plants play a crucial role in addressing the challenges of clean energy consumption and the green energy transition. They enhance energy services, enabling responsive allocation of distributed energy resources, flexible potential exploitation, diversified load forecasting, real-time coordinated control, and participation in the electricity trading market and demand response. A virtual power plant is a power coordination and management system that uses advanced information and communication technologies and software systems to aggregate and coordinate distributed energy sources such as distributed power sources, energy storage systems, controllable loads, microgrids, and electric vehicles, allowing it to participate in the electricity market and grid operation as a special type of power plant. The realization of controllable load and real-time coordinated control functions in virtual power plants requires forecasting demand-side electricity load and controlling and regulating the direction and flow of electricity on the demand side. This places high demands on the reliability and real-time transmission of user energy data.

[0062] With the widespread adoption of smart meters, improving the ability to read and transmit electricity consumption data from these meters to meet the rapid response and coordinated control requirements of virtual power plants has become a pressing issue. Currently, most distribution substations use high-speed power line carrier (HPLC) or low-power radio (RF) methods to transmit user electricity consumption data from smart meters to concentrators. HPLC suffers from complex noise interference and variable channel impedance, resulting in "dead zones" in meter reading and preventing 100% success rates. Similarly, RF is susceptible to signal attenuation due to obstacles or weather conditions like rain, snow, and fog, also creating "dead zones" and hindering 100% success rates. Therefore, HPLC or RF communication cannot meet the high reliability and real-time transmission requirements of virtual power plants. There is an urgent need to explore suitable high-reliability and real-time meter reading data transmission methods for virtual power plants.

[0063] To address the aforementioned issues, this application proposes a dual-mode meter reading data transmission method based on a 230MHz power wireless private network and 4G / 5G. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an optional data transmission method provided according to an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of a dual-mode meter reading data transmission system using a 230MHz power wireless private network and 4G / 5G. Specifically, it includes a smart meter, a data collector, a 230MHz and 4G / 5G (230MHz power wireless private network and 4G / 5G network) dual-mode module, a concentrator, and a system master station. The 230MHz and 4G / 5G dual-mode module includes a 230MHz wireless communication unit (i.e., a unit that communicates using a predetermined transmission frequency, utilizing the 230MHz power wireless private network for data transmission) and a 4G / 5G communication unit (i.e., a unit that communicates using either 4G or 5G). The 230MHz wireless communication unit is used to construct the 230MHz power wireless private network, and the 4G / 5G communication unit is used to construct the 4G / 5G network.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, the data collector is located on the user's smart meter side, with one data collector per smart meter. For ease of large-scale application, the data collector can be manufactured as a module consisting of a plastic casing, a PCB (Printed Circuit Board), and corresponding standard interfaces, and can be hot-swapped onto the smart meter. Both the data collector side and the concentrator side have one 230MHz and 4G / 5G (4G or 5G) dual-mode module. The data collector reads the user's electricity data from the smart meter according to a specific data interface and communication protocol, obtaining the meter reading data. This data is then transmitted to a 230MHz and 4G / 5G dual-mode module (the first communication device) located on the collector side, also according to the same data interface and communication protocol. Next, in a dual-mode manner, using both the 230MHz power wireless private network and the 4G / 5G network, the data is transmitted to a 230MHz and 4G / 5G dual-mode module (the second communication device) on the concentrator side of the same distribution area for processing. Finally, the concentrator's 230MHz and 4G / 5G dual-mode module (the second communication device) pushes the meter reading data to the concentrator via serial communication. The second communication device is equipped with a directional tracking antenna (the directional antenna unit) to transmit the meter reading data from the first communication unit of the first communication device to the third communication unit of the second communication device. The concentrator then transmits the meter reading data to the system master station (the target master station) via optical fiber.

[0065] A concentrator, also known as an electricity metering data acquisition unit, is mainly used to collect, store, and synchronize the electricity consumption data of many smart meters, which greatly improves the operating efficiency and service level of the power grid.

[0066] The system master station is primarily responsible for collecting and transmitting various types of power data, such as equipment status information, measurement data, and alarm information. It generally employs a distributed transmission method, transmitting the collected data to the control center via a fieldbus. The system master station issues commands for power consumption information queries via fiber optic cable and receives meter reading data uploaded by the concentrators via fiber optic cable. Simultaneously, management personnel can access data and manage the system through PC (Personal Computer) terminals. The entire transmission system operates in two modes: automatic acquisition and passive acquisition. In automatic acquisition mode, the concentrators automatically transmit meter reading data to the backend system master station via fiber optic cable according to the time intervals set by the master station's acquisition requirements. In passive acquisition mode, when automatic data acquisition fails, the system master station automatically or manually issues commands to the concentrators via fiber optic cable to retrieve power consumption information, supplementing the data to ensure its integrity.

[0067] Figure 4 This is an optional 230MHz wireless communication unit structure diagram provided according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the 230MHz wireless communication unit comprises a baseband processing unit, a serial communication unit, an SD card (Secure Digital Memory Card, a widely used flash memory card format mainly used for storing data in portable electronic devices) storage unit, a Flash (Flash Memory, referring to flash memory in non-volatile storage technology, an important electronic storage medium) storage unit, a download management unit, a power supply unit, and a radio frequency transceiver unit.

[0068] Figure 4 The baseband processing unit in a computer mainly consists of a microprocessor (MCU, Microcontroller Unit, a microcomputer system integrated on a single chip, primarily used to control various functions in electronic devices), a crystal oscillator circuit, a reset circuit, and a filter circuit. The selection of a baseband microprocessor (MCU) requires consideration of factors such as processor cost, power consumption, and resource efficiency.

[0069] Figure 4 The serial communication unit in the system uses RS-232 communication (an interface standard for serial data communication). Data interaction between the concentrator and the 230MHz and 4G / 5G dual-mode module (i.e., the second communication device) is achieved through this serial communication unit.

[0070] Figure 4 The download management unit in the software is used for online simulation debugging, software upgrades, and functional testing.

[0071] Because the meter reading data from multiple smart meters in the same distribution area may be uploaded to the concentrator in a dual-mode (i.e., dual-mode communication) manner at once, the 230MHz wireless communication unit (i.e., the third communication unit) on the concentrator side receives a large amount of data, resulting in a large amount of data that its baseband processing unit needs to process. Therefore, the meter reading data is first stored in the SD card storage unit, and then the microprocessor unit reads the data from the SD card and processes it sequentially.

[0072] Figure 4 The radio frequency (RF) transceiver unit performs a series of processes on the meter reading data after it has been processed by the baseband processing unit, including modulation (demodulation), filtering, and amplification. For ease of integration and performance stability, the RF transceiver unit can utilize a specialized integrated chip.

[0073] Figure 4The power supply unit is responsible for powering the entire system. The 230MHz wireless communication unit is powered by an external 5V / 1A DC power supply. Since the 230MHz wireless communication unit primarily powers the microprocessor (MCU) and the RF transceiver chip, which typically operate at 3.3V, the power supply unit needs a DC-DC converter and voltage regulator circuit to convert the 5V DC voltage to 3.3V. Furthermore, considering the high current required by the RF transceiver unit during transmission, using a single power supply for both the microprocessor and the RF transceiver chip would cause instability in the MCU's power supply voltage, leading to malfunction. Therefore, two voltage regulators are used to power the MCU and the RF transceiver chip separately.

[0074] A directional tracking antenna (i.e., a directional antenna unit) mainly consists of a directional antenna and a servo turntable. Figure 5 This is an optional directional antenna element structure diagram provided according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the directional antenna is a microstrip antenna with an operating center frequency of 230MHz. Compared to conventional omnidirectional antennas, directional antennas have the characteristics of high gain and strong radiation directionality, which can improve the communication quality and reliability of meter reading data transmitted through the 230MHz power grid wireless network. Figure 5 As shown, a directional microstrip antenna is fixed on a flat plate, which is mounted on a servo turntable. The turntable has a GPS positioning device and an electronic compass. Based on the latitude and longitude location information of the data collector or its corresponding smart meter provided by the GPS positioning device on the smart meter side, the servo turntable activates its GPS data acquisition function, automatically rotates, and engages tracking and searching functions, ensuring that the radiation pattern of the directional antenna mounted on the flat plate points towards the target data collector or its corresponding smart meter (i.e., determining the target direction). Then, the servo turntable's pose is automatically locked. When the next data collector needs to upload meter reading data, the servo turntable rotates, ensuring the radiation pattern of the directional microstrip antenna points towards that data collector, and then the servo turntable's pose is automatically locked. Thus, the directional microstrip antenna can be aligned with multiple different data collectors, allowing meter reading data from multiple smart meters (such as those in charging piles) to be uploaded to the concentrator via a dual-mode method, providing high flexibility and significantly improving acquisition efficiency. The directional tracking antenna is connected to the RF transceiver unit of its 230MHz wireless communication unit via a feeder.

[0075] To facilitate unified processing of the collected meter reading data by the system master station, the communication protocols used for transmitting meter reading data via the 230MHz power wireless private network and 4G / 5G are kept consistent. The format of the communication protocol is shown in Table 1, including power data type (8 bits), data acquisition time (18 bits), data length (6 bits), data content (n bytes), and checksum (8 bits). Here, "bits" is a basic unit of measurement in information technology and computer science, representing binary digits, used to quantify the amount of information or the size of data.

[0076] Table 1 Format of Communication Protocol

[0077]

[0078] The fields of the communication protocol are described in Table 2. Table 2 provides a detailed description of each field of the communication protocol, including the field type and an explanation of the type. The field types include power data type (8 bits), data acquisition time (18 bits), data length (6 bits), data content (n bytes), and checksum (8 bits). The power data type (8 bits) defines the category of data, with different values ​​corresponding to different power equipment or data sources; the data acquisition time (18 bits) records the specific time point of data acquisition; the data length (6 bits) indicates the number of valid bytes in the data content, i.e., it can represent a maximum data length of 63 bytes; the data content (n bytes) contains the actual meter reading data, where "n" represents the actual length of the data in this field; the checksum (8 bits) is used for data integrity verification and is a simple error detection mechanism.

[0079] Table 2. Explanation of Communication Protocol Fields

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] As shown in Table 2, the aforementioned communication protocol achieves a time accuracy of 15.625 ms (milliseconds) for the "timestamp" information of meter reading data collection using as few as possible (18 bits). This meets the time accuracy requirements of meter reading data in this transmission system and future real-time power business data transmission, which is of great significance for the 230MHz power wireless private network with limited transmission rate. Simultaneously, an 8-bit verification algorithm with lower computational requirements is proposed. XOR operation consumes less computational power for embedded CPUs (Central Processing Units) with limited computing power, thus conserving computational resources.

[0083] The above optional implementation methods achieve at least the following effects: transmitting meter reading data collected by the collector to the concentrator via multimodal communication improves the real-time performance and reliability of meter reading data transmission; transmitting meter reading data to the target master station via optical fiber effectively enhances the signal quality and reliability of communication, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of meter reading data transmission.

[0084] It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart in the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases the steps shown or described may be executed in a different order than that shown here.

[0085] This embodiment also provides a data transmission device for implementing the above embodiments and preferred embodiments; details already described will not be repeated. As used below, the terms "module" and "device" can refer to a combination of software and / or hardware that performs a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, hardware implementations, or a combination of software and hardware, are also possible and contemplated.

[0086] According to an embodiment of this application, an apparatus embodiment for implementing a data transmission method is also provided. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a data transmission device according to an embodiment of this application, such as... Figure 6 As shown, the above-mentioned data transmission device includes a meter reading data acquisition module 601 and a meter reading data transmission module 602. The device will be described below.

[0087] The meter reading data acquisition module 601 is used to receive meter reading data from smart meters using multimodal communication.

[0088] The meter reading data transmission module 602 is connected to the meter reading data acquisition module 601 and is used to transmit the meter reading data to the concentrator via serial communication. The concentrator is used to send the pre-processed meter reading data to the target master station.

[0089] This application provides a data transmission device in which a meter reading data acquisition module 601 is included to receive meter reading data from smart meters using multimodal communication. A meter reading data transmission module 602, connected to the meter reading data acquisition module 601, transmits the meter reading data to a concentrator using serial communication. The concentrator then sends the pre-processed meter reading data to a target master station. This achieves the goal of efficiently transmitting meter reading data using a combination of multimodal communication and optical fiber, improving the reliability and real-time performance of user energy data (such as meter reading data) transmission. This solves the technical problem of unsatisfactory reliability and real-time performance of user energy data (such as meter reading data) transmission in related technologies.

[0090] It should be noted that the above modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For example, for the latter, it can be implemented in the following ways: the above modules can be located in the same processor; or the above modules can be located in different processors in any combination.

[0091] It should be noted that the meter reading data acquisition module 601 and the meter reading data transmission module 602 mentioned above correspond to steps S201 to S202 in the embodiments. The instances and application scenarios implemented by the above modules and the corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the content disclosed in the above embodiments. It should be noted that the above modules, as part of the device, can run in a computer terminal.

[0092] It should be noted that the optional or preferred implementation methods of this embodiment can be found in the relevant descriptions in the embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0093] The aforementioned data transmission device may also include a processor and a memory. The meter reading data acquisition module 601, the meter reading data transmission module 602, etc., are all stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the aforementioned program units stored in the memory to realize the corresponding functions.

[0094] The processor contains a core that retrieves the corresponding program unit from memory. One or more cores may be configured. Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, random access memory (RAM), and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0095] This application provides a non-volatile storage medium on which a program is stored, which implements a data transmission method when executed by a processor.

[0096] This application provides an electronic device including a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it performs the following steps: receiving meter reading data from a smart meter using multimodal communication; transmitting the meter reading data to a concentrator using serial communication; and sending the pre-processed meter reading data to a target master station. The device described herein can be a server, PC, etc.

[0097] This application also provides a computer program product, which, when executed on a data processing device, is suitable for executing an initialization program with the following method steps: receiving meter reading data from a smart meter using a multimodal communication method; transmitting the meter reading data to a concentrator using a serial communication method; and the concentrator being used to send the preprocessed meter reading data to a target master station.

[0098] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0099] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0100] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0101] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0102] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0103] Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, like read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0104] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0105] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0106] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0107] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A data transmission system, characterized in that, include: The data collector, the target communication device, and the concentrator, among which, The data collector is used to collect data from smart meters to obtain meter reading data; The target communication device is used to transmit the meter reading data from the collector to the concentrator via multimodal communication. The concentrator is connected to the target master station via optical fiber and is used to send the pre-processed meter reading data from the concentrator to the target master station.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target communication device includes a first communication device and a second communication device, wherein... The first communication device is located on one side of the data collector and is used to transmit the meter reading data from the data collector to the second communication device using the multimodal communication method; The second communication device is located on one side of the concentrator and is used to transmit the meter reading data from the second communication device to the concentrator via serial communication.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first communication device includes a first communication unit for communication using a predetermined transmission frequency and a second communication unit for 4G or 5G communication. The second communication device includes a third communication unit for communication using the predetermined transmission frequency and a fourth communication unit for the 4G or 5G communication. The predetermined transmission frequency is 230MHz.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first communication device includes an omnidirectional antenna unit, and the second communication device includes a directional antenna unit. The first communication unit transmits the preprocessed meter reading data from the collector to the concentrator via the third communication unit having the directional antenna unit through the omnidirectional antenna unit.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The directional antenna unit includes a servo turntable and a directional antenna. The directional antenna is disposed on the servo turntable and the directional antenna is adjusted with the pose of the servo turntable so that the radiation pattern of the directional antenna is adjusted to point to the target direction. The target direction is determined based on the positioning signal of the first communication device and the positioning signal of the concentrator. If the adjusted pose of the servo turntable meets the predetermined pose conditions, the first communication device uses the directional antenna adjusted to the target direction to send the preprocessed meter reading data to the third communication unit according to the predetermined transmission frequency.

6. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first communication unit includes a baseband processing unit and a radio frequency transceiver unit. The baseband processing unit and the radio frequency transceiver unit are powered by different power supplies. The baseband processing unit is used to perform preprocessing on the meter reading data, and the radio frequency transceiver unit is used to convert the preprocessed meter reading data into a radio frequency signal of the predetermined transmission frequency for transmission and reception.

7. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The smart meter has a plug-in interface, and the data collector connects to the smart meter through the plug-in interface to acquire the meter reading data.

8. A data transmission method, characterized in that, include: Utilizing multimodal communication methods, it receives meter reading data from smart meters; The meter reading data is transmitted to the concentrator using serial communication. The concentrator is used to send the preprocessed meter reading data to the target master station.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method of receiving meter reading data from smart meters using multimodal communication includes: Obtain the channel status corresponding to each of the multimodal communication methods; The corresponding channel state in the multimodal communication method is determined to be a candidate communication method with normal connection. When there are multiple candidate communication methods, the target communication method is determined from the multiple candidate communication methods based on the communication quality corresponding to each of the multiple candidate communication methods. The concentrator is controlled to read the meter reading data transmitted via the target communication method.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The step of determining the target communication method from among the multiple candidate communication methods based on their respective communication quality includes: Determine the signal-to-noise ratio and data transmission success rate corresponding to the multiple candidate communication methods, wherein the signal-to-noise ratio represents the relative intensity of the data signal and the background noise; Based on the signal-to-noise ratio and data transmission success rate corresponding to the multiple candidate communication methods, the communication quality corresponding to the multiple candidate communication methods is determined. Among the multiple candidate communication methods, the target communication method with the best corresponding communication quality is determined.

11. A data transmission device, characterized in that, include: The meter reading data acquisition module is used to receive meter reading data from smart meters using multimodal communication methods. The meter reading data transmission module is used to transmit the meter reading data to the concentrator via serial communication. The concentrator is used to send the preprocessed meter reading data to the target master station.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors and a memory, the memory being used to store one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors cause the one or more processors to implement the data transmission method according to any one of claims 8 to 10.

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