Light anchor parachute bag type sclera outer jacking system and method for retina detachment treatment

Abstract

The invention discloses a light anchor umbrella bag type sclera outer jacking system and method for retina detachment treatment, the jacking system comprises a water filling bag body, a light-emitting capsule and a water injection mechanism, the light-emitting capsule is inserted in an inner cavity of the water filling bag body, the water injection mechanism is communicated with the inner cavity of the water filling bag body through an injection pipe, and the water injection pipe is communicated with the water filling bag body. The water injection mechanism can inject water into the inner cavity of the water filling bag body through the injection pipe, and the light-emitting capsule can emit light in the water filling bag body after water injection. The jacking method comprises the following steps: step 1, air tightness detection; step 2, implanting an optical anchor; step 3, water filling operation; and step 4, adjusting water pressure. The device has the beneficial effect of being more beneficial to smooth operation. And the capsule body can be accurately implanted into a required position according to the guidance of the light source. And the mechanical injury to a patient is greatly reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a light anchor umbrella capsular scleral external pressure system and method, in particular to a light anchor umbrella capsular scleral external pressure system and method for retinal detachment treatment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a serious blinding eye disease, the fundamental cause of which is the formation of retinal holes, which leads to the entry of liquefied vitreous into the subretinal space, causing the separation of the neural epithelial layer and the pigment epithelial layer, and leading to the risk of permanent vision loss. Traditional treatment methods include scleral buckling and vitrectomy.

[0003] Vitrectomy is suitable for posterior pole holes (macular holes or near macular holes), large holes, combined with vitreous hemorrhage, combined with moderate to severe PVR, combined with lens problems, aphakic eye / IOL eye, recurrent retinal detachment, scleral buckling failure or contraindication, complex holes (multiple, scattered, difficult to find) large holes. Vitreous surgery involves intraocular manipulation, increasing the complexity of the operation and the risk of complications. It will accelerate the formation of cataract in the phakic eye, increase the risk of proliferative vitreoretinopathy, require intraocular filling, gas or silicone oil, and require special postoperative position of prone position. If silicone oil filling requires secondary surgery for removal. At the same time, silicone oil can also cause secondary glaucoma, corneal band degeneration and other complications.

[0004] Scleral buckling, as a classic extraocular surgical approach, avoids intraocular intervention by suturing a silicone band to the sclera to press the sclera inward and combine with scleral cryotherapy to reattach the detached retina and close the retinal break. It avoids the risks and complications of vitreous surgery. However, its inherent limitations have become increasingly prominent. The surgical trauma is large and the operation is complex. It requires extensive separation of the conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule to expose a large area of the sclera (usually ≥ 1 quadrant). Extensive separation and suture stimulation can easily lead to significant postoperative inflammatory response, pain, conjunctival edema and granuloma formation. Intraoperative precise positioning of the posterior margin of the break is often dependent on intraoperative scleral compression combined with indirect ophthalmoscopy positioning, which is highly dependent on the experience of the operator and has a steep learning curve. The technical requirements for suturing and implanting the implant on the sclera (especially wide ring buckling or larger silicone blocks) are high, and there is a risk of suture penetration of the sclera (even damaging the choroid / retina), suture too shallow causing implant displacement or dislocation. Suture operation itself can induce iatrogenic astigmatism. Long-term retention of the implant can cause a series of problems: compression affecting the vortex vein or posterior ciliary long artery leading to anterior segment ischemia, secondary glaucoma; chronic irritation leading to implant infection, rejection, displacement and even erosion of the sclera (sclerectasia), which can cause endophthalmitis in rare cases. Scleral cryotherapy can cause vitreous inflammatory opacity and pigment cell detachment, leading to PVR and ERM. Once the silicone block or ring buckling is sutured and fixed, its position, height and pressure range are basically not adjustable. If the postoperative pressure position is not ideal or the retinal break is not completely closed, secondary surgery is usually required to adjust or convert to internal vitrectomy. For special locations (such as under the rectus muscle, pre-equatorial peripheral), the exposure and operation are extremely difficult. Patients are not suitable and the recovery period is long: the surgical trauma is large, causing significant postoperative pain and a long recovery period, and the appearance may be affected due to the implant protruding.

[0005] To overcome the many shortcomings of traditional scleral buckling, temporary scleral external balloon compression as a minimally invasive alternative to extraocular surgery has emerged. The core of this technology, initially promoted by Lincoff and Kreissig, is to use a inflatable silicone balloon catheter inserted into the sub-Tenon's space through a small conjunctival incision, and after positioning the balloon in the outer scleral area corresponding to the retinal break, liquid is injected into the balloon to make it expand, thereby pressing the sclera and choroid to close the retinal break and promote retinal reattachment. The balloon is usually left for several days to several weeks, and after a firm choroidoretinal adhesion (scar) is formed around the retinal break, the balloon is deflated and removed.

[0006] At present, the domestic multiple use of folding vitreous capsule (FCB) for temporary scleral external pressure. FCB is used as a substitute for vitreous, recently using its foldable silicone structure to press the outside of the sclera, solve some limitations of traditional scleral buckling. FBC is suitable for elderly, severe cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease patients, pregnant women, children with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment; suitable for single quadrant retinal hole, adjacent multiple retinal hole, near the posterior pole hole, C2 below cases with PVR. Especially for the traditional external pressure success rate, the need for vitrectomy cases, can be achieved by balloon tamponade to achieve the effect of closing the hole. The advantage of FCB is that it is relatively easier to operate, shorter operation time, less risk of anterior segment ischemia and hypoperfusion. Can avoid vitrectomy in some cases, reduce the complications of vitrectomy.

[0007] Although FCB has certain advantages in the treatment of retinal detachment, there are also some key limitations: (1) First, the positioning of the balloon. Accurate positioning during surgery is difficult to accurately cover the edge of the hole; once the balloon catheter is inserted, the position of the head (balloon segment) under the Tenon's capsule is limited in adjustment, and it is difficult to move a large distance. If the initial positioning is not accurate or the displacement during the operation, it is extremely difficult to adjust. (2) Stability problem: the balloon is maintained in place only by the friction between its catheter body and the surrounding tissue. Postoperative eye movement (especially unconscious rotation during sleep), eyelid compression or Tenon's capsule fluid flow can cause balloon displacement, making it deviate from the hole area, significantly increasing the risk of postoperative recurrence. Literature reports that the displacement rate can reach 5-17%, which is one of the main reasons for surgical failure. After displacement, emergency surgery or replacement of the surgical method is often required. (3) Single pressure form and limited adjustment: FCB is a spherical body, which produces a relatively fixed circular or elliptical pressure ridge after being filled with water, and the effective pressure area is small. For horseshoe-shaped holes, large holes or irregular holes, the single balloon pressure form may not be able to completely cover all edges of the hole (especially the posterior lip), or it may not be able to form the required multi-point support or specific shape of the support surface (such as the need for a wider and steeper pressure ridge). There is currently no effective means to actively and finely control the pressure form (such as width, slope, and pressure point position). (4) Poor adjustability of the balloon. The pressure and position of the balloon after being filled with water cannot be accurately controlled, and the problem of balloon leakage also affects the pressure effect of the balloon. (5) Relatively large surgical trauma: the conjunctival incision and instrument operation involved in the implantation and operation process still cause certain surgical trauma, which may induce inflammatory response or increase the risk of proliferative vitreoretinopathy, indirectly affecting the safety of the macular area or causing re-detachment. SUMMARY

[0008] The main purpose of the present application is to solve the problems existing in the use of the existing folding vitreous capsule, and to provide a light anchor umbrella capsule scleral external pressure system and method for retinal detachment treatment.

[0009] The light anchor umbrella capsule scleral external pressure system for retinal detachment treatment provided by the present application comprises a water-filled capsule body, a light-emitting capsule and a water injection mechanism, wherein the light-emitting capsule is inserted into the inner cavity of the water-filled capsule body, the water injection mechanism is connected with the inner cavity of the water-filled capsule body through a injection tube, the water injection mechanism can inject water into the inner cavity of the water-filled capsule body through the injection tube, and the light-emitting capsule can emit light in the water-filled capsule after water injection.

[0010] The water-filled capsule body is made of elastic rubber, and the shape of the water-filled capsule body after water injection is a semi-elliptical shape.

[0011] The light-emitting capsule is clamped in the middle part of the long strip structure composed of a water-soluble expansion ring and a glutinous rice paper binding belt, the front end of the long strip structure composed of the water-soluble expansion ring and the glutinous rice paper binding belt is inserted into the auxiliary implant handle, the injection tube connected with the water injection mechanism is also inserted into the auxiliary implant handle, the inner cavity of the light-emitting capsule is filled with a fluorescent agent, an oxidizing agent explosion bead is arranged in the inner cavity of the light-emitting capsule, the oxidizing agent explosion bead emits oxidizing agent after being squeezed and exploded, and the oxidizing agent emitted by the oxidizing agent explosion bead interacts with the fluorescent agent filled in the inner cavity of the light-emitting capsule to emit light.

[0012] The water-soluble expansion ring is made of a water-soluble elastic material, the water-soluble expansion ring has a set elasticity when dry, and the shape of the water-soluble expansion ring when not subjected to external force is a circular ring shape, the glutinous rice paper binding belt is immediately broken after being soaked in water, and the water-soluble expansion ring loses the constraint after the glutinous rice paper binding belt is broken and automatically expands into a circular ring shape.

[0013] The water injection mechanism comprises a injection head handle, an injection tube, an auxiliary implant handle and an adjustable pressure reducing valve, wherein the front end of the injection tube is inserted into the injection head handle, the water inlet at the front end of the injection tube is connected with the water injection port at the front end of the injection head handle, the rear end of the injection tube is inserted into the auxiliary implant handle, a limiting clamping groove is arranged on the upper part of the front end of the auxiliary implant handle, a limiting protrusion is arranged on the rear end of the injection head handle corresponding to the limiting clamping groove, the limiting protrusion can be clamped in the limiting clamping groove, the adjustable pressure reducing valve is screwed on the side surface of the injection head handle, the water injection pressure of the water injection channel in the injection head handle can be adjusted through the adjustable pressure reducing valve, and a pressure relief port is arranged on the outer side surface of the adjustable pressure reducing valve, and the pressure relief port is connected with the water injection channel in the injection head handle.

[0014] The rear end port of the injection tube connected with the water-filled capsule body is a sealed structure, and the two water outlets of the rear end of the injection tube connected with the water-filled capsule body are respectively arranged on the upper and lower side walls of the injection tube.

[0015] The adjustable pressure reducing valve is provided with a spring and a plug body in the pressure relief port, wherein the front end of the spring abuts against the adjusting button on the adjustable pressure reducing valve, the rear end of the spring abuts against the top of the plug body, and the spring can be stretched and contracted within the stroke range of the plug body under the action of the water pressure in the injection head handle to control the opening and closing of the pressure relief port.

[0016] The application provides a light anchor umbrella scleral external pressure method for retinal detachment treatment.

[0017] Step 1: air tightness detection: the air tightness of the water-filled capsule is detected, the water-filled capsule is fully immersed in water, then air is injected into the water-filled capsule by using a syringe, and whether bubbles are generated is observed; if no bubbles are generated, the air tightness is qualified, otherwise, the air tightness is unqualified.

[0018] Step 2: light anchor implantation: after the air tightness of the water-filled capsule is qualified, implantation operation is performed; the oxidant explosive bead in the light-emitting capsule is pressed, then the light-emitting capsule emits light, and the water-filled capsule is accurately implanted into the required position under the guidance of the light source.

[0019] Step 3: water filling operation: the injection tube connected with the injection head handle is inserted into the auxiliary implantation handle until the position where the limiting protrusion of the injection head handle is located; the water-soluble expansion ring enters the water-filled capsule under the action of the rear end of the injection tube, then water is injected into the water-filled capsule, the glutinous rice paper binding belt binding the water-soluble expansion ring is immediately broken after being contacted with water, and the water-soluble expansion ring also rebounds to a circular ring shape, so that the water-filled capsule is unfolded in the set direction.

[0020] Step 4: water pressure adjustment: when water is injected, the pressure relief port on the adjustable pressure reducing valve is observed; if the water injection pressure reaches the expected value, the plug body in the adjustable pressure reducing valve is lifted upward due to the pressure, and water flows out from the pressure relief port; at this time, water injection is stopped, the water pressure decreases, the pressure relief port is closed again under the action of the spring in the adjustable pressure reducing valve, at this time, water injection is completed, then the limiting protrusion on the injection head handle is clamped in the limiting clamping groove on the auxiliary implantation handle, the two water outlets on the rear end side wall of the injection tube are in a closed state, the allowable pressure of water injection is adjusted by the adjusting button on the adjustable pressure reducing valve according to the requirement, when the water-filled capsule needs to be taken out, the injection tube is pulled outwards, at this time, the water-soluble expansion ring has been dissolved in water, the water in the water-filled capsule is extracted, and the water-filled capsule after water discharge can be easily taken out.

[0021] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The light anchor umbrella scleral external pressure system and method for retinal detachment treatment has the advantages of large effective pressure area, accurate implantation position, reliable expansion direction of the water-filled capsule at the affected area, small mechanical damage to the affected area and surrounding area, low implantation operation difficulty, automatic adjustment of water filling pressure, and facilitation of postoperative rehabilitation of the patient.

[0023] 1. The water-filled capsule adopted in the present application is not a spherical capsule, but a water-filled capsule with a gradually changing elliptical cross section, which increases the effective pressure area and is more conducive to the smooth progress of the operation.

[0024] 2. The press light beads adopted in the present application are exploded after the press, releasing the oxidant therein. After the oxidant is mixed with the fluorescent agent in the light capsule, it will emit light for about 3 minutes. The position of the light beads is the position with the maximum pressure on the eyeball after the capsule is filled with water. The doctor can accurately implant the capsule into the desired position according to the light source.

[0025] 3. The water-soluble expansion ring and the auxiliary implantation handle adopted in the present application are both elastic, making the implantation operation more convenient and greatly reducing the mechanical damage to the patient.

[0026] 4. The water-soluble expansion ring adopted in the present application is tied into a strip structure by a glutinous rice paper tie before implantation, which is convenient for implantation and causes little mechanical damage to the patient. When water is injected into the capsule, the glutinous rice paper tie is quickly broken after being contacted with water, and the water-soluble expansion ring expands into a ring shape in the water-filled capsule immediately, which fixes the expansion direction of the water-filled whole and achieves the best effect. In addition, the water-soluble expansion ring is made of water-soluble elastic material, which will completely dissolve in water in about 20 minutes, so that the patient will not feel uncomfortable after the operation, and the patient will not be damaged when it is taken out.

[0027] 5. The injection tube with the open holes on both sides of the end seal is pulled out a small distance after the water injection is completed, and the open holes on both sides are automatically sealed to prevent the backflow of the injected water. The clamping groove on the auxiliary implantation handle and the limiting protrusion on the injection head handle can effectively limit the displacement of the injection tube to prevent misoperation. Such a structure can effectively speed up the implantation and water injection operation process and shorten the operation time.

[0028] 6. The pressure reducing valve is installed on the injection head handle. When water is injected into the water-filled capsule, if the water pressure reaches or exceeds the limited value, the pressure reducing valve will automatically open under the action of the internal pressure, and the excess water in the water-filled capsule will flow out from the water outlet of the pressure reducing valve. After the water injection is stopped, the pressure reducing valve will automatically close. Such a design can eliminate the possibility of mechanical damage caused by excessive water injection pressure. At the same time, the size of the limited pressure can be adjusted by adjusting the knob. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 The overall structure schematic diagram of the light anchor umbrella sac scleral external pressure system.

[0030] Figure 2 The water-filled sac body setting position schematic diagram.

[0031] Figure 3 The light-emitting capsule, water-soluble expansion ring and glutinous rice paper binding belt connection structure schematic diagram.

[0032] Figure 4 The light-emitting capsule structure schematic diagram.

[0033] Figure 5 The water injection mechanism structure schematic diagram.

[0034] Figure 6 The water injection pipe and water injection mechanism connection relationship schematic diagram.

[0035] Figure 7 The adjustable pressure reducing valve internal structure schematic diagram.

[0036] The annotations in the above diagram are as follows:

[0037] 1, water-filled sac body 2, light-emitting capsule 3, water injection mechanism 4, injection pipe 5, water-soluble expansion ring

[0038] 6, glutinous rice paper binding belt 7, auxiliary implantation handle 8, oxidizing agent explosion bead 9, injection head handle

[0039] 10, adjustable pressure reducing valve 11, water injection port 12, limiting groove 13, limiting protrusion

[0040] 14, pressure relief port 15, water outlet 16, spring 17, plug body 18, adjusting button. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 The annotations in the above diagram are as follows:

[0042] The light anchor umbrella sac scleral external pressure system for retinal detachment treatment provided by the application comprises a water-filled sac body 1, a light-emitting capsule 2 and a water injection mechanism 3, wherein the light-emitting capsule 2 is inserted into the inner cavity of the water-filled sac body 1, the water injection mechanism 3 is connected in communication with the inner cavity of the water-filled sac body 1 through an injection pipe 4, the water injection mechanism 3 can inject water into the inner cavity of the water-filled sac body 1 through the injection pipe 4, and the light-emitting capsule 2 can emit light in the water-filled sac body 1 after water injection.

[0043] The water-filled sac body 1 is made of elastic rubber, and the shape of the water-filled sac body 1 is half-elliptical after water injection in the inner cavity.

[0044] The light-emitting capsule 2 is clamped in the middle part of the long strip-shaped structure composed of the water-soluble expansion ring 5 and the rice paper binding belt 6, the front end of the long strip-shaped structure composed of the water-soluble expansion ring 5 and the rice paper binding belt 6 is inserted into the auxiliary implantation handle 7, the injection tube 4 connected with the water injection mechanism 3 is also inserted into the auxiliary implantation handle 7, the inner cavity of the light-emitting capsule 2 is filled with fluorescent agent, and the oxidizing agent explosion ball 8 is arranged in the inner cavity of the light-emitting capsule 2, the oxidizing agent explosion ball 8 emits oxidizing agent after being squeezed and exploded, and the oxidizing agent emitted by the oxidizing agent explosion ball 8 can interact with the fluorescent agent filled in the inner cavity of the light-emitting capsule 2 to emit light.

[0045] The water-soluble expansion ring 5 is made of a water-soluble elastic material, the water-soluble expansion ring 5 has a set elasticity when dry, and the shape of the water-soluble expansion ring 5 under no external force is a circular ring shape, the rice paper binding belt 6 is immediately broken after being contacted with water, and the water-soluble expansion ring 5 loses the constraint and automatically expands into a circular ring shape after the rice paper binding belt 6 is broken after being contacted with water.

[0046] The water injection mechanism 3 comprises an injection head handle 9, the injection tube 4, the auxiliary implantation handle 7 and an adjustable pressure reducing valve 10, wherein the front end of the injection tube 4 is inserted into the injection head handle 9, the water inlet at the front end of the injection tube 4 is in communication with the water injection port 11 at the front end of the injection head handle 9, the rear end of the injection tube 4 is inserted into the auxiliary implantation handle 7, the front end of the auxiliary implantation handle 7 is provided with a limiting groove 12, the rear end of the injection head handle 9 is provided with a limiting protrusion 13 at a position corresponding to the limiting groove 12, the limiting protrusion 13 can be clamped in the limiting groove 12, the adjustable pressure reducing valve 10 is screwed on the side surface of the injection head handle 9, the water injection pressure of the water injection channel in the injection head handle 9 can be adjusted through the adjustable pressure reducing valve 10, and the outer side surface of the adjustable pressure reducing valve 10 is provided with a pressure relief port 14, and the pressure relief port 14 is in communication with the water injection channel in the injection head handle 9.

[0047] The rear end of the injection tube 4 connected with the water-filled capsule 1 is a sealed structure, and two water outlets 15 of the rear end of the injection tube 4 connected with the water-filled capsule 1 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower side walls of the injection tube 4.

[0048] The pressure relief port 14 of the adjustable pressure reducing valve 10 is provided with a spring 16 and a plug body 17, wherein the front end of the spring 16 abuts against an adjusting button 18 on the adjustable pressure reducing valve 10, and the rear end of the spring 16 abuts against the top of the plug body 17, and under the action of the water pressure in the injection head handle 9, the spring 16 can be stretched and contracted within the stroke range of the plug body 17 to control the opening and closing of the pressure relief port 14.

[0049] The light anchor umbrella capsule scleral external pressure method for retinal detachment treatment provided by the application comprises the following steps:

[0050] Step 1, air tightness detection: first, the air tightness of the water-filled capsule 1 is detected, the water-filled capsule 1 is fully immersed in water, then air is injected into the water-filled capsule 1 with a syringe, and whether bubbles are generated is observed, no bubbles are generated for air tightness qualified, otherwise unqualified;

[0051] Step 2, light anchor implantation: after the air tightness test of the water-filled capsule 1 is qualified, implantation operation is carried out, first press the oxidant pearl 8 in the light-emitting capsule 2, then press the light-emitting capsule 2 to emit light, and the water-filled capsule 1 is accurately implanted into the required position under the guidance of the light source;

[0052] Step 3, water filling operation: insert the injection tube 4 connected with the injection head handle 9 into the auxiliary implantation handle 7 until the position where the injection head handle 9 limiting protrusion 13 is located, the water-soluble expansion ring 5 will enter the water-filled capsule 1 under the action of the rear end of the injection tube 4, then water is injected into the water-filled capsule 1, the glutinous rice paper bundle 6 binding the water-soluble expansion ring 5 will immediately break after being contacted with water, at the same time, the water-soluble expansion ring 5 also rebounds to a circular shape, ensuring that the water-filled capsule 1 expands in the set direction;

[0053] Step 4, water pressure adjustment: observe the pressure relief port 14 on the adjustable pressure relief valve 10 during water injection, if the water injection pressure reaches the expected value, the plug 17 in the adjustable pressure relief valve 10 will be pushed upward by the pressure, and water will flow out of the pressure relief port 14, at this time, stop water injection, the water pressure decreases, and the pressure relief port 14 is closed again under the action of the spring 16 in the adjustable pressure relief valve 10, at this time, water injection is completed, then the limiting protrusion 13 on the injection head handle 9 is clamped in the limiting slot 12 on the auxiliary implantation handle 7, the two water outlets 15 on the rear end side wall of the injection tube 4 are in a closed state, according to the needs, the allowable pressure of water injection is adjusted through the adjusting button 18 on the adjustable pressure relief valve 10, when the water-filled capsule 1 needs to be taken out, pull the injection tube 4 outwards, at this time, the water-soluble expansion ring 5 has dissolved in water, the water in the water-filled capsule 1 is extracted, and the water-filled capsule 1 after water discharge can be easily taken out.

Claims

1. A photo-anchored umbrella-type scleral external pressure system for the treatment of retinal detachment, characterized in that: It includes a water-filled bladder, a luminescent capsule, and a water injection mechanism. The luminescent capsule is inserted into the inner cavity of the water-filled bladder. The water injection mechanism is connected to the inner cavity of the water-filled bladder through an injection tube. The water injection mechanism can inject water into the inner cavity of the water-filled bladder through the injection tube. The luminescent capsule can emit light in the water-filled bladder after water injection.

2. The optical anchor umbrella-type scleral external pressure system for retinal detachment treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-filled bladder is made of elastic rubber, and its shape is semi-ellipsoid after the inner cavity of the bladder is filled with water.

3. The optical anchor umbrella-type scleral external pressure system for retinal detachment treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The luminescent capsule is sandwiched in the middle of a long strip structure composed of a water-soluble expansion ring and a rice paper binding strap. The front end of the long strip structure composed of the water-soluble expansion ring and the rice paper binding strap is inserted into an auxiliary implantation handle. The injection tube connected to the water injection mechanism is also inserted into the auxiliary implantation handle. The inner cavity of the luminescent capsule is filled with a fluorescent agent. An oxidant bursting bead is also provided in the inner cavity of the luminescent capsule. When the oxidant bursting bead is squeezed out, it releases oxidant. The oxidant released by the oxidant bursting bead can interact with the fluorescent agent filled in the inner cavity of the luminescent capsule to emit light.

4. The optical anchor umbrella-type scleral external pressure system for retinal detachment treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water-soluble expansion ring is made of water-soluble elastic material. The water-soluble expansion ring has a set elasticity when dry. The water-soluble expansion ring is circular when not subjected to external force. The rice paper binding tape breaks immediately when it comes into contact with water. After the rice paper binding tape breaks when it comes into contact with water, the water-soluble expansion ring, which is no longer bound, automatically springs open into a circular shape.

5. The optical anchor umbrella-type scleral external pressure system for retinal detachment treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water injection mechanism includes an injection head handle, an injection tube, an auxiliary implantation handle, and an adjustable pressure reducing valve. The front end of the injection tube is inserted into the injection head handle, and the inlet of the injection tube is connected to the injection port at the front end of the injection head handle. The rear end of the injection tube is inserted into the auxiliary implantation handle. A limiting groove is provided on the upper part of the front end of the auxiliary implantation handle, and a limiting protrusion is provided on the rear end of the injection head handle corresponding to the limiting groove. The limiting protrusion can be engaged in the limiting groove. The adjustable pressure reducing valve is screwed to the side of the injection head handle. The water injection pressure in the water injection channel inside the injection head handle can be adjusted by the adjustable pressure reducing valve. A pressure relief port is provided on the outer side of the adjustable pressure reducing valve, and the pressure relief port is connected to the water injection channel inside the injection head handle.

6. A photo-anchored umbrella-type scleral external pressure system for retinal detachment treatment according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The rear port where the injection tube connects to the water-filled bladder is a sealed structure, and the two water outlets at the rear end where the injection tube connects to the water-filled bladder are respectively opened on the upper and lower side walls of the injection tube.

7. The optical anchor umbrella-type scleral external pressure system for retinal detachment treatment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjustable pressure reducing valve has a spring and a plug inside its pressure relief port. The front end of the spring abuts against the adjustment button on the adjustable pressure reducing valve, and the rear end of the spring abuts against the top of the plug. Under the action of water pressure in the injection head handle, the spring can extend and retract within the stroke range of the plug to control the opening and closing of the pressure relief port.

8. A method for optical anchor umbrella-type scleral external pressure for the treatment of retinal detachment, characterized in that: The method includes the following steps: Step 1, air tightness test: First, test the air tightness of the water-filled bladder. Submerge the water-filled bladder completely in water, then use a syringe to inject air into the water-filled bladder. At the same time, observe whether air bubbles are generated. If no air bubbles are generated, the air tightness is qualified; otherwise, it is unqualified. Step 2, Light Anchor Implantation: After the airtightness of the water-filled capsule passes the inspection, the implantation operation is carried out. First, press the oxidant capsule inside the luminescent capsule to pop it, and then press the luminescent capsule to make it light up. With the help of the light source, the water-filled capsule is accurately implanted into the required position. Step 3, Water filling operation: Insert the injection tube connected to the injection head handle into the auxiliary implantation handle until the injection head handle limit protrusion is located. The water-soluble expansion ring will enter the water-filled bladder under the action of the rear end of the injection tube. Then, water is injected into the water-filled bladder. The rice paper binding tape that binds the water-soluble expansion ring will immediately break when it comes into contact with water. At the same time, the water-soluble expansion ring will also spring back to the ring shape, ensuring that the water-filled bladder unfolds in the set direction. Step 4, Water Pressure Adjustment: Observe the pressure relief port on the adjustable pressure reducing valve when injecting water. If the water injection pressure reaches the expected value, the pressure will push the plug inside the adjustable pressure reducing valve upward, and water will flow out from the pressure relief port. At this time, stop injecting water. The water pressure will drop, and the pressure relief port will close again under the action of the spring inside the adjustable pressure reducing valve. At this time, water injection is complete. Then, the limiting protrusion on the injection head handle is engaged in the limiting slot on the auxiliary implantation handle. The two water outlets on the rear side wall of the injection tube are in a closed state. Adjust the allowable water injection pressure as needed by adjusting the adjustment button on the adjustable pressure reducing valve. When it is necessary to remove the water-filled bladder, pull the injection tube outward. At this time, the water-soluble expansion ring has dissolved in the water. Drain the water from the water-filled bladder, and the drained water-filled bladder can be easily removed.

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