Photovoltaic tile based on embedded service facility transformation and flat-to-pitched roof thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of photovoltaic tiles, and particularly discloses a photovoltaic tile based on embedded service facility reconstruction and a flat-to-slope roof thereof, the photovoltaic tile comprises a frame main body, a photovoltaic tile multilayer mechanism laid on the frame main body, and a snow vibration mechanism arranged on the frame main body, and the photovoltaic tile multilayer mechanism is directly covered on an original flat roof in a disassembly-free installation mode. According to the photovoltaic tile modified based on the embedded service facility and the flat-to-pitched roof thereof, the design of the aluminum alloy guide rails and the buckle type photovoltaic tiles is adopted in the aspect of installation, so that disassembly-free installation is achieved, and the photovoltaic tile has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to use, high in practicability and the like. An original flat roof can be directly covered, the tedious process of reinforcing an old building structure is avoided, and the construction period is greatly shortened.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic tiles, in particular to photovoltaic tiles based on embedded service facility reconstruction and flat-to-slope roof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing demand for clean energy worldwide, solar energy as a renewable energy source is increasingly widely used in the field of construction. Photovoltaic tiles, as an innovative product that combines solar power generation technology with building roof materials, have great development potential. It not only can utilize the roof space for power generation, reduce the dependence on traditional energy, but also can improve the energy efficiency and environmental performance of buildings to a certain extent.

[0003] In the reconstruction of old buildings, flat-to-slope roof is a common way of reconstruction, which can improve the appearance, drainage performance and space utilization of buildings. However, traditional flat-to-slope roof reconstruction often requires the demolition and reconstruction of the original roof, the construction process is complex, the cost is high, and it may cause certain impact on the building structure. In addition, for some old buildings, their structure may not be able to withstand additional load, which brings certain difficulties to the flat-to-slope roof reconstruction.

[0004] Although there are many types of photovoltaic tiles on the market, there are still some shortcomings in terms of installation method, functional integration and combination with buildings. For example, some photovoltaic tiles need to remove the original roof, the construction period is long, and it has a great impact on residents' life; some photovoltaic tiles only have power generation function, lack of integration with other building functions such as waterproofing, insulation, information display, etc.; some photovoltaic tiles do not fully consider the adaptability to different building structures and roof forms in design, resulting in poor installation effect.

[0005] At the same time, in response to natural disasters and emergencies, the existing building roof system also lacks effective emergency linkage mechanism. For example, it cannot provide water accumulation information to residents in time in heavy rain, and lacks emergency lighting function at night. In addition, for the energy supply and public facility electricity of old buildings, a more efficient and sustainable solution is needed.

[0006] Therefore, the development of photovoltaic tiles based on embedded service facility reconstruction and flat-to-slope roof has the advantages of non-demolition installation, functional integration, emergency linkage and efficient power generation, which has important practical significance for solving the energy and environmental problems in the reconstruction of old buildings. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the existing problems, the present application provides photovoltaic tiles based on embedded service facility reconstruction and flat-to-slope roof, which can effectively solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the application adopts the technical scheme as follows:

[0009] The photovoltaic tile based on embedded service facility reconstruction and the flat-to-slope roof comprise a frame body, a photovoltaic tile multilayer mechanism laid on the frame body, and a snow shaking mechanism arranged on the frame body, are directly covered on the original flat roof in a non-removal installation mode, have an automatic snow shaking function combined with a snow sensor, and can realize neighborhood information display, emergency disaster relief linkage, and charging for electric vehicles and other functions.

[0010] As a further scheme of the application, the photovoltaic tile multilayer mechanism comprises a cadmium telluride material layer, a light-emitting grid material layer, a third material layer, and a water guide groove material layer; the cadmium telluride material layer is responsible for converting solar energy into electric energy, the light-emitting grid material layer can be used to display convenient information, and the water guide groove material layer is beneficial to rainwater drainage.

[0011] As a further scheme of the application, the snow shaking mechanism comprises a driving member, a belt, a belt pulley, a rotating rod, a shaft rod, a pulley, and a tile mounting frame; the driving member drives the belt pulley to rotate through the belt, thereby driving related components to realize the snow shaking action.

[0012] As a further scheme of the application, the system is equipped with a storage battery and a control processor; the storage battery is used to store the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic tile, the control processor is used to control the information display, emergency linkage, and other functions and coordinate the operation of the components of the system.

[0013] As a further scheme of the application, the light-emitting grid material layer can be applied for by APP for residents to rent to display convenient information, and the income is distributed according to the power generation.

[0014] As a further scheme of the application, the system is connected to a government early warning system, automatically displays a water accumulation map during heavy rain, and can be switched to an emergency lighting light source at night.

[0015] As a further scheme of the application, the roof photovoltaic power extends downward through a waterproof socket to provide charging services for electric vehicles, and electricity charges are paid by scanning codes.

[0016] As a further scheme of the application, the generated power during the day is preferentially supplied to public facilities such as elevators and street lamps; and the idle power at night is provided to residents at a low price for charging.

[0017] As a further scheme of the application, the frame body is designed by using an aluminum alloy guide rail and a buckle type photovoltaic tile, the main frame is made of 50*50mm galvanized square steel, the secondary keel is made of 30*30mm aluminum alloy profile, and the main frame and the secondary keel are connected through expansion bolts and embedded parts.

[0018] As a further scheme of the application,

[0019] Step 1, preliminary evaluation: the residential building is a 6-story brick-concrete structure, the flat roof bearing capacity is 0.5kN / ㎡, the illumination condition is good (southward without shelter), the design slope of the pitched roof is 20°, the southward arrangement is arranged, the photovoltaic module selects 250W crystalline silicon module, and the total installed capacity is 5kW;

[0020] Step 2, roof pretreatment: after cleaning the roof, the original waterproof layer cracks are repaired, and four bearing embedded parts (each bearing 500kg) are added at the four corners;

[0021] Step 3, support structure installation: the main frame adopts 50*50mm galvanized square steel, the secondary batten is 30*30mm aluminum alloy profile, the interval is 1.2m, and the expansion bolt is connected with the embedded part;

[0022] Step 4, waterproof and thermal insulation: 3mm thick SBS waterproof roll material is laid, and the upper end is extended to the top of the frame by 60cm; 5cm thick extruded board (thermal conductivity ≤0.03W / (m·K)) is filled;

[0023] Step 5, photovoltaic module installation: the size of the module is 1650*992mm, each module is fixed on the secondary batten through four stainless steel clamps, the gap between the modules is 8mm, the edge is sealed with silicone sealant, the electrical circuit is arranged along the inside of the frame through the PVC pipe, and is connected to the 5kW inverter;

[0024] Step 6, acceptance result: the daily average power generation of the photovoltaic system is about 20kWh, which meets 50% of the electricity demand of the public area (such as corridor lighting) of the residents; the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the roof in summer reaches 10℃, and the energy consumption of the indoor air conditioner is reduced by 28%; there is no leakage in three times of artificial rainfall test.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: through the installation aspect, the aluminum alloy guide rail + buckle type photovoltaic tile design is adopted, the installation without removal is realized, the original flat roof can be directly covered, the cumbersome process of reinforcing the old building structure is avoided, the construction period is greatly shortened, the influence on the daily life of residents is reduced, and the construction cost is also reduced.

[0026] From the functional integration point of view, the system has rich and diverse functions. Combined with the snow sensor, it has the automatic snow shaking function, can effectively deal with the winter snow problem, and ensure the stable operation of the system; the neighborhood information wall mode submits an application through an APP, and residents can rent the roof LED area to display convenient information, which not only promotes community information exchange, but also increases residents' income through income distribution according to power generation. In addition, the system is connected to the government early warning system, which automatically displays the water accumulation map during heavy rain and switches to emergency lighting source at night, which plays an important role in emergency rescue. The roof photovoltaic power extends downward through the waterproof socket to provide charging service for electric vehicles, and the convenient way of scanning code payment of electricity fee meets the daily electricity demand of residents.

[0027] In terms of economy, daytime power generation is prioritized for public facilities (such as elevators, streetlights), and idle power at night is offered to residents at a low price for charging, achieving rational distribution and efficient use of electricity, reducing the operating costs of public facilities and the electricity costs of residents.

[0028] In terms of environmental benefits, the system uses solar power for generation, which is a clean energy utilization, reducing dependence on traditional fossil energy and carbon emissions, and has positive significance for environmental protection. At the same time, in summer, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the roof can reach 10°C, effectively reducing indoor air conditioning energy consumption and further saving energy.

[0029] In terms of construction and quality assurance, through rigorous construction steps such as pre-evaluation, roof pretreatment, support structure installation, waterproofing and insulation treatment, and photovoltaic module installation, the stability and reliability of the system are ensured. The acceptance results show that the daily average power generation of the photovoltaic system meets the electricity demand of a certain proportion of the public area of the residents, and there is no leakage after artificial rainfall test, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Explosion structure diagram for photovoltaic tiles and photovoltaic panels of flat-to-sloped roofs based on embedded service facility reconstruction;

[0031] Figure 2 Material layer structure diagram for photovoltaic tiles and photovoltaic panels of flat-to-sloped roofs based on embedded service facility reconstruction;

[0032] Figure 3 Rear view structure diagram for photovoltaic tiles and photovoltaic panels of flat-to-sloped roofs based on embedded service facility reconstruction;

[0033] Figure 4 Explosion structure diagram for photovoltaic tiles and photovoltaic panels of flat-to-sloped roofs based on embedded service facility reconstruction;

[0034] Figure 5 Rear view structure diagram for photovoltaic tiles and photovoltaic panels of flat-to-sloped roofs based on embedded service facility reconstruction; Figure 3 Enlarged structure diagram of A in the middle;

[0035] Figure 6 Rear view structure diagram for photovoltaic tiles and photovoltaic panels of flat-to-sloped roofs based on embedded service facility reconstruction;

[0036] In the figure: 1, frame body; 2, photovoltaic tile multi-layer mechanism; 21, cadmium telluride material layer; 22, light-emitting grid material layer; 23, third material layer; 24, water guide groove material layer; 25, battery; 26, control processor; 3, snow shaking mechanism; 31, driving piece; 32, belt; 33, pulley; 34, rotating rod; 35, shaft rod; 36, pulley; 37, tile mounting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0038] In combination Figures 1 to 6 In this embodiment, the photovoltaic tile based on embedded service facility reconstruction and its flat-to-sloping roof are provided, which include a frame body 1, a photovoltaic tile multi-layer mechanism 2 laid on the frame body, and a snow shaking mechanism 3 arranged on the frame body. The photovoltaic tile is directly covered on the original flat roof in a non-removal installation mode, has an automatic snow shaking function combined with a snow sensor, and can realize neighborhood information display, emergency disaster linkage, charging for electric vehicles and other functions.

[0039] The photovoltaic tile multi-layer mechanism 2 is composed of a cadmium telluride material layer 21, a light-emitting grid material layer 22, a third material layer 23 and a water guide groove material layer 24. The cadmium telluride material layer 21 is responsible for converting solar energy into electrical energy, the light-emitting grid material layer 22 can be used to display convenient information, and the water guide groove material layer 24 is beneficial to rainwater drainage.

[0040] The snow shaking mechanism 3 includes a driving piece 31, a belt 32, a pulley 33, a rotating rod 34, a shaft rod 35, a pulley 36 and a tile mounting frame 37. The driving piece 31 drives the pulley 33 to rotate through the belt 32, thereby driving the related components to realize the snow shaking action.

[0041] The system is equipped with a battery 25 and a control processor 26. The battery 25 is used to store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic tile, and the control processor 26 is used to control the functions of information display, emergency linkage and the like, and to coordinate the operation of the components of the system.

[0042] The light-emitting grid material layer 22 can be applied for rent by residents to display convenient information, and the income is distributed according to the power generation.

[0043] The system is connected to the government early warning system, and automatically displays a water accumulation map during heavy rain, and can be switched to an emergency lighting source at night.

[0044] Roof photovoltaic power extends downward through waterproof socket to provide charging service for electric vehicles, and electricity charges are paid through code scanning.

[0045] Daytime power generation prioritizes public facilities such as elevators and streetlights; idle power at night is offered to residents at a low price for charging.

[0046] The frame body 1 is designed with aluminum alloy rails and buckle photovoltaic tiles, the main frame is made of 50x50mm galvanized square steel, and the secondary keel is 30x30mm aluminum alloy profile connected with embedded parts through expansion bolts.

[0047] Step 1, preliminary assessment: the residential building is a 6-story brick-concrete structure, the flat roof bearing capacity is 0.5kN / ㎡, the lighting conditions are good (southward without obstruction), the design slope of the pitched roof is 20°, arranged southward, and 250W crystalline silicon modules are selected as photovoltaic components with a total installed capacity of 5kW;

[0048] Step 2, roof pretreatment: after cleaning the roof, repair the original waterproof layer cracks, and add 4 bearing embedded parts (each bearing 500kg) at the four corners;

[0049] Step 3, installation of support structure: the main frame is made of 50x50mm galvanized square steel, and the secondary keel is 30x30mm aluminum alloy profile with a spacing of 1.2m, connected with embedded parts through expansion bolts;

[0050] Step 4, waterproofing and insulation: lay 3mm thick SBS waterproofing membrane, extend to the top of the frame 60cm; fill 5cm thick extruded board (thermal conductivity ≤0.03W / (m·K));

[0051] Step 5, installation of photovoltaic modules: module size 1650x992mm, each module is fixed on the secondary keel by 4 stainless steel clamps, with 8mm gap between modules, edge sealed with silicone sealant, electrical wiring is arranged along the inside of the frame through PVC pipe, connected to 5kW inverter;

[0052] Step 6, acceptance results: the photovoltaic system generates about 20kWh per day, meeting 50% of the electricity demand of public areas (such as corridor lighting); the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the roof in summer reaches 10℃, reducing the energy consumption of indoor air conditioning by 28%; no leakage is found in 3 consecutive artificial rainfall tests.

[0053] Preliminary assessment: for a 6-story brick-concrete structure residential building, the flat roof bearing capacity is 0.5kN / ㎡, and the lighting conditions are good (southward without obstruction). The design slope of the pitched roof is 20°, arranged southward, and 250W crystalline silicon modules are selected as photovoltaic components, with a total installed capacity of 5kW.

[0054] Roof pretreatment: First, clean the roof to remove debris and dust. Then, repair cracks in the original waterproof layer to ensure waterproof performance. Add 4 load-bearing embedded parts (500 kg each) at the corners of the roof to provide a foundation for the installation of the subsequent support structure. The embedded part numbers and related installation locations are determined according to the design drawing.

[0055] Support structure installation: The main frame uses 50×50mm galvanized square steel as the main body (1), and the secondary joist uses 30×30mm aluminum alloy profile. The main frame is firmly connected to the embedded parts through expansion bolts, and the secondary joist is installed on the main frame at an interval of 1.2m, forming a stable support structure.

[0056] Waterproofing and insulation: Lay 3mm thick SBS waterproofing membrane, with the waterproofing membrane extending to the top of the frame by 60cm to prevent water leakage. Fill 5cm thick extruded board (thermal conductivity ≤0.03 W / (m·K)) for insulation treatment to improve the energy efficiency of the building.

[0057] Photovoltaic module installation: The module size in photovoltaic tile multi-layer mechanism 2 is 1650×992mm, and each module is fixed on the secondary joist by 4 stainless steel clamps. Leave a 8mm gap between modules, and seal the edges with silicone sealant to ensure waterproof and ventilation effect. The electrical circuit is arranged along the inside of the frame through a PVC pipe, connected to a 5kW inverter, and the inverter is connected to a battery 25 to realize the storage and conversion of electrical energy.

[0058] Snow shaking mechanism installation: The driving part 31 of the snow shaking mechanism 3 is installed at a suitable position of the frame main body 1, connected to the pulley 33 through the belt 32. The rotating rod 34, shaft rod 35, pulley 36 and tile mounting frame 37 are assembled and installed according to the design requirements to ensure the normal operation of the snow shaking mechanism.

[0059] System debugging and acceptance: After installation, the entire system is debugged to check the power generation of photovoltaic modules, information display function, emergency linkage function and working state of snow shaking mechanism. After 3 times of artificial rainfall test, there is no leakage, and the daily average power generation of photovoltaic system is about 20kWh, which meets 50% of the electricity demand of public areas (such as corridor lighting) of the residents, the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the roof in summer reaches 10℃, and the energy consumption of indoor air conditioning is reduced by 28%, which is qualified for acceptance.

[0060] The working principle of the present application is:

[0061] 1. Power generation principle: The cadmium telluride material layer 21 in the photovoltaic tile multi-layer mechanism 2 generates electric current by exciting electrons under light conditions, realizing the conversion of solar energy into electric energy. The generated electric energy is transmitted to the inverter through the electrical circuit, and the direct current is converted into alternating current. Part of the electric energy is directly used for public facilities (such as elevators and street lamps), and the other part is stored in the battery 25.

[0062] 2, Information display principle: the light-emitting grid material layer 22 is controlled by the control processor 26. Residents can submit applications through the APP to rent the roof LED area to display convenient information. After the control processor 26 receives the information, it is transmitted to the light-emitting grid material layer 22 for display, and the income is distributed according to the power generation.

[0063] 3, Emergency rescue linkage principle: the system accesses the government early warning system. When receiving the heavy rain warning information, the control processor 26 controls the light-emitting grid material layer 22 to automatically display the water accumulation map; at night, the control processor 26 switches the light-emitting grid material layer 22 to emergency lighting light source according to the time setting.

[0064] 4, Snow shaking principle: when the snow sensor detects snow, it transmits a signal to the control processor 26, which starts the driving member 31. The driving member 31 drives the belt pulley 33 to rotate through the belt 32, and then drives the rotating rod 34, shaft 35 and other components to move, so that the tile holder 37 is shaken to shake off the snow. The pulley 36 plays an auxiliary and guiding role in the movement process, ensuring the stable operation of the snow shaking mechanism 3.

[0065] 5, Electric vehicle charging principle: the roof photovoltaic power extends downward through the waterproof socket. Residents can plug the electric vehicle charger into the waterproof socket, pay the electricity fee by scanning the code, and then use the electricity stored in the storage battery 25 to charge the electric vehicle.

[0066] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between the entities or operations, and the terms "include", "contain" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or equipment.

[0067] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, replacements and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirits of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic tile based on embedded service facility transformation and its flat-to-sloping roof conversion, characterized in that: It includes a frame main body (1), a multi-layer photovoltaic tile structure (2) laid on the frame main body, and a snow shaking mechanism (3) set on the frame main body. It is installed directly on the original flat roof without dismantling. It has the function of automatically shaking snow in combination with snow sensors and can realize multiple functions such as displaying neighborhood information, emergency disaster relief linkage and charging electric vehicles.

2. The photovoltaic tile based on embedded service facility transformation and its flat-to-sloping roof conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic tile multilayer structure (2) consists of a cadmium telluride material layer (21), a light-emitting grid material layer (22), a third material layer (23), and a water channel material layer (24); wherein, the cadmium telluride material layer (21) is responsible for converting solar energy into electrical energy, the light-emitting grid material layer (22) can be used to display public information, and the water channel material layer (24) facilitates rainwater drainage.

3. The photovoltaic tile based on embedded service facility transformation and its flat-to-sloping roof conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The snow-vibrating mechanism (3) includes a drive unit (31), a belt (32), a pulley (33), a rotating rod (34), a shaft (35), a pulley (36), and a tile-mounting frame (37); the drive unit (31) drives the pulley (33) to rotate through the belt (32), thereby driving the relevant components to achieve the snow-vibrating action.

4. The photovoltaic tile based on embedded service facility transformation and its flat-to-sloping roof conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system is equipped with a battery (25) and a control processor (26); the battery (25) is used to store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic tiles, and the control processor (26) is used to control information display, emergency linkage and other functions as well as coordinate the operation of various components of the system.

5. The photovoltaic tile based on embedded service facility transformation and its flat-to-sloping roof conversion according to claim 2, characterized in that: The luminescent grid material layer (22) can be applied for by residents through an APP to display convenient information, and the income is distributed as dividends based on the amount of electricity generated.

6. The photovoltaic tile based on embedded service facility transformation and its flat-to-sloping roof conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system is connected to the government's early warning system, automatically displays a flood map during heavy rain, and can be switched to an emergency lighting source at night.

7. The photovoltaic tile based on embedded service facility transformation and its flat-to-sloping roof conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rooftop solar power extends downwards through waterproof sockets to provide charging services for electric vehicles, and electricity fees are paid via QR code scanning.

8. The photovoltaic tile based on embedded service facility transformation and its flat-to-sloping roof conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the day, electricity is prioritized for public facilities such as elevators and streetlights; at night, idle electricity is offered to residents for charging at a low price.

9. The photovoltaic tile based on embedded service facility transformation and its flat-to-sloping roof conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main frame (1) adopts an aluminum alloy guide rail and a snap-on photovoltaic tile design. The main frame is made of 50×50mm galvanized square steel, and the secondary keel is made of 30×30mm aluminum alloy profile. It is connected to the embedded parts by expansion bolts.

10. The photovoltaic tile for embedded service facility renovation and its flat-to-sloping roof conversion according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: Step 1, Preliminary Assessment: The residential building is a 6-story brick-concrete structure with a flat roof load-bearing capacity of 0.5kN / ㎡. It has good lighting conditions (unobstructed south-facing), a 20° pitched roof, and a south-facing layout. The photovoltaic modules selected are 250W crystalline silicon modules, with a total installed capacity of 5kW. Step 2, Roof Pre-treatment: After cleaning the roof, repair the cracks in the original waterproof layer and add 4 load-bearing embedded parts at the four corners (each with a load-bearing capacity of 500kg); Step 3, Support Structure Installation: The main frame is made of 50×50mm galvanized square steel, and the secondary keel is made of 30×30mm aluminum alloy profile, spaced 1.2m apart, and connected to the embedded parts by expansion bolts; Step 4, Waterproofing and Insulation: Lay a 3mm thick SBS waterproof membrane, extending 60cm up to the top of the frame; fill with a 5cm thick extruded polystyrene board (thermal conductivity ≤0.03W / (m·K)); Step 5, Photovoltaic module installation: The module size is 1650×992mm. Each module is fixed to the secondary keel by 4 stainless steel clamps. An 8mm gap is left between the modules. The edges are sealed with silicone sealant. The electrical wiring is run through PVC pipes along the inside of the frame and connected to a 5kW inverter. Step 6, Acceptance Results: The photovoltaic system generates approximately 20 kWh of electricity per day, meeting 50% of the electricity needs of residents' public areas (such as corridor lighting); the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the roof reaches 10°C in summer, reducing indoor air conditioning energy consumption by 28%; and there was no leakage in three consecutive artificial rain tests.

Images