Building material hardness detection device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building material detection, in particular to a building material hardness detection device which comprises a detection box, a supporting assembly is arranged in the detection box and comprises two sliding supporting seats arranged on the bottom face in the detection box, and a lifting supporting seat is arranged between the two sliding supporting seats. And a test pressure head is arranged above the lifting support seat. The first motor drives the two-way screw rod to adjust the distance between the two sliding supporting seats, so that the device can flexibly adapt to building materials with different lengths, the distance between the two supporting points is adjustable, the detection process can strictly follow domestic and foreign standards, and when the hydraulic cylinder drives the testing pressure head to apply pressure to the materials, the detection precision is greatly improved. And a connecting rod fixed on the rear side of the test pressure head pushes a linkage frame to slide downwards along a third limiting rod, so that the whole lifting support seat is driven to move downwards synchronously and is separated from the bottom surface of the material, a three-point support mode is automatically converted into a two-point support mode, and the accuracy of detection data is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building material testing technology, and in particular to a device for testing the hardness of building materials. Background Technology

[0002] Building materials are various materials used in construction projects, including inorganic materials, organic materials, and composite materials such as concrete, metals, plastics, and glass. Among these, the hardness of building materials is very important, as it directly affects their service life. Insufficient hardness of building materials may even cause safety accidents, so it is necessary to test the hardness of building materials using hardness testing devices.

[0003] The prior art discloses a building material hardness testing device with announcement number CN222599420U. The device tests the material by placing the material sample to be tested on a placement plate and pressing down with a pressure testing head.

[0004] However, this device still has the following problems. First, the device only uses a hydraulic telescopic rod to drive the pressure testing head to press vertically down on the specimen placed on a simple mounting plate, and the entire support structure is only a fixed static support. This support method cannot achieve precise adjustment of the distance between the support points, making it difficult to meet the strict requirements of the standard testing specifications for specific span-to-thickness ratios required for specimens of different lengths and materials. Due to the uncontrollable and non-standard support conditions, the stress model during testing is unclear, and the obtained hardness data is questionable. Second, when the pressure head presses down, the deformation of the specimen is constrained by the support points, especially the middle mounting plate, which interferes with the neutral layer of the specimen, introducing additional measurement errors and failing to truly reflect the pure bending performance of the material. Therefore, this invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the background art by proposing a hardness testing device for building materials.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A building material hardness testing device includes a testing box, and a support assembly is provided inside the testing box; The support assembly includes two sliding support seats disposed on the bottom surface inside the test box, a lifting support seat disposed between the two sliding support seats, a test head disposed above the lifting support seat, a pressure sensor built into the test head, a connecting rod fixed to the rear side of the test head, a linkage frame fixed to the rear side of the lifting support seat, a sliding rod fixed inside the linkage frame, and the bottom end of the connecting rod slidingly disposed with the outer wall of the sliding rod. The top of the sliding support is rotatably connected to two support rods. Inside the sliding support, below the support rods, is a V-shaped seat rotatably connected. One end of the V-shaped seat is rotatably connected to a rotating plate. The top of the rotating plate is rotatably connected to a brake seat. The other end of the V-shaped seat is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft. The bottom surface of the lifting support is connected to two drive rods. The rotating shaft is slidably disposed with the outer wall of the drive rods.

[0007] In the above-mentioned building material hardness testing device, a first motor and a second motor are fixed on one side of the testing box, a bidirectional lead screw is rotatably connected inside the testing box near the bottom, two lifting support seats are threaded to the outer wall of the bidirectional lead screw, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixed to one end of the bidirectional lead screw. The test chamber has a drive screw rotatably connected to the inside near the top surface. The drive screw is threaded to a drive seat, and a hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the bottom surface of the drive seat. The test head is fixed to the output shaft end of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] In the above-mentioned building material hardness testing device, two first limiting rods are fixed inside the testing box near the bottom surface, and the sliding support seat is slidably disposed with the outer wall of the first limiting rods; Two second limiting rods are fixed inside the detection box near the top surface, and the drive seat is slidably disposed with respect to the outer wall of the second limiting rods; Two third limiting rods are fixed on the inner bottom surface of the detection box, and the linkage frame is slidably set with the outer wall of the third limiting rods; The top surface of the sliding support is fixed with two fourth limiting rods, and the front and rear sides of the brake seat are fixed with connecting rods, which are slidably disposed with the outer wall of the fourth limiting rods.

[0009] In the aforementioned building material hardness testing device, a bearing seat is fixed at the bottom surface of the testing box and at the middle position. A bidirectional screw is rotatably connected to the bearing seat, and two first limiting rods are fixed to the bearing seat. Two support cylinders are fixed on the top surface of the bearing seat, and support rods are slidably arranged inside the support cylinders. The top ends of the support rods are fixed to the bottom surface of the lifting support seat.

[0010] In the above-mentioned building material hardness testing device, buffer rods are fixed on the bottom surface of the lifting support base near the left and right ends. Buffer cylinders are slidably installed on the outer wall of the buffer rods. Buffer springs are fixed between the bottom end of the buffer rods and the inner bottom surface of the buffer cylinders. The driving square rod is fixed to the outer wall of the buffer cylinder.

[0011] In the aforementioned building material hardness testing device, the top surface of the drive seat is fixed with a first support wheel near each of the four corners. The rollers of the first support wheel abut against the inner top surface of the testing box. The bottom surface of the sliding support seat is fixed with two second support wheels near the front and rear sides. The second support wheels abut against the inner bottom surface of the testing box.

[0012] In the above-mentioned building material hardness testing device, the top surface of the lifting support is fixed with several anti-slip rubber pads, and the top surface of the braking seat is fixed with a brake rubber pad.

[0013] In the above-mentioned building material hardness testing device, the front and rear ends of the sliding support are fixed with protective covers, and the first support wheel is located inside the protective cover; A lead screw sleeve is fixed between the sliding support and the bearing seat, and the bidirectional lead screw is located inside the lead screw sleeve.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are: 1. The distance between the two sliding support seats is adjusted by a bidirectional lead screw driven by a first motor, allowing the device to flexibly adapt to building materials of different lengths. The adjustable distance between the two support points ensures that the testing process strictly adheres to domestic and international standards. The lifting support seat and the support rod at the top of the sliding support seat together form a stable three-point support, ensuring the initial placement of the material under test is stable and accurate. When the second motor drives the drive seat downwards via the lead screw, causing the hydraulic cylinder to apply pressure to the material with the test head, the connecting rod fixed behind the test head pushes the linkage frame downwards along the third limit rod, thus causing the entire lifting support seat to move synchronously downwards, detaching it from the bottom surface of the material. This automatically converts the support mode from the initial three-point support to a pure two-point support. This process completely eliminates the interference of the central support point on the bending deformation of the material, making the stress model for hardness testing more ideal and further improving the accuracy of the test data. 2. During the process of the test head pressing down and the lifting support seat moving down, the device will simultaneously trigger the automatic locking mechanism to ensure the absolute stability of the test state. Specifically, the downward movement of the lifting support seat will cause the V-shaped seat to rotate through the drive square rod connected to its bottom surface. One end of the V-shaped seat will push the brake seat and the brake rubber pad on its top surface to move upward through the rotating plate, and tightly fit with the rotating shaft to generate friction force to achieve locking. The other end of the V-shaped seat will form a reverse constraint on the drive square rod through the rotating shaft. This locking force is buffered and optimized by the buffer spring between the buffer rod and the buffer cylinder, making the locking action smooth and reliable. This linkage locking mechanism effectively prevents any displacement of the sliding support seat under pressure, and ensures that the distance between the two support points is constant during the test process. 3. The bearing seat located on the bottom of the test chamber provides a stable mounting base for the bidirectional lead screw and the first limit rod, while the support cylinder and support rod on it provide additional support and guidance for the lifting movement of the lifting support seat, enhancing the rigidity of the overall structure. Furthermore, the protective covers installed at the front and rear ends of the sliding support seat effectively prevent dust and impurities from entering the precision transmission components, and the lead screw sleeve encasing the bidirectional lead screw between the sliding support seat and the bearing seat further extends the service life of the core transmission components. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the detection box of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the detection box of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the linkage frame of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial three-dimensional structure of A.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding support seat of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the protective cover of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the V-shaped seat of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Testing box; 2. Sliding support seat; 201. Lifting support seat; 202. Test head; 203. Connecting rod; 204. Linkage frame; 205. Slide rod; 206. V-shaped seat; 207. Rotating plate; 208. Brake seat; 209. Rotating shaft; 210. Drive rod; 211. Support rod; 3. First motor; 301. Second motor; 302. Bidirectional lead screw; 303. Drive lead screw; 304. Drive seat; 5. Hydraulic cylinder; 4. First limit rod; 401. Second limit rod; 402. Third limit rod; 403. Fourth limit rod; 404. Connecting rod; 5. Bearing seat; 501. Support cylinder; 502. Support rod; 6. Buffer rod; 601. Buffer cylinder; 602. Buffer spring; 7. First support wheel; 701. Second support wheel; 8. Anti-slip rubber pad; 801. Brake rubber pad; 9. Protective cover; 901. Screw sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0026] Reference Figures 1-8 A building material hardness testing device includes a testing chamber 1. A support assembly is installed inside the testing chamber 1. The support assembly includes two sliding support seats 2 disposed on the bottom surface inside the testing chamber 1. A lifting support seat 201 is disposed between the two sliding support seats 2. A testing pressure head 202 is disposed above the lifting support seat 201. The testing pressure head 202 has a built-in pressure sensor. A connecting rod 203 is fixed to the rear side of the testing pressure head 202. A linkage frame 204 is fixed to the rear side of the lifting support seat 201. A sliding rod 205 is fixed inside the linkage frame 204. The bottom end of rod 203 is slidably connected to the outer wall of slide rod 205. The top end of sliding support seat 2 is rotatably connected to two support rods 211. Inside sliding support seat 2, below the support rods 211, is a V-shaped seat 206. One end of V-shaped seat 206 is rotatably connected to a rotating plate 207. The top end of rotating plate 207 is rotatably connected to a brake seat 208. The other end of V-shaped seat 206 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 209. The bottom surface of lifting support seat 201 is connected to two drive square rods 210. The rotating shaft 209 is slidably connected to the outer wall of drive square rods 210.

[0027] A first motor 3 and a second motor 301 are fixed on one side of the testing box 1. A bidirectional lead screw 302 is rotatably connected inside the testing box 1 near the bottom. Two lifting support seats 201 are threadedly connected to the outer wall of the bidirectional lead screw 302. The output shaft of the first motor 3 is fixed to one end of the bidirectional lead screw 302. A drive lead screw 303 is rotatably connected inside the testing box 1 near the top. A drive seat 304 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the drive lead screw 303. A hydraulic cylinder 305 is fixed to the bottom surface of the drive seat 304. The test head 202 is fixed to the output shaft end of the hydraulic cylinder 305.

[0028] Two first limiting rods 4 are fixed inside the test box 1 near the bottom surface. The sliding support 2 is slidably disposed with the outer wall of the first limiting rods 4. Two second limiting rods 401 are fixed inside the test box 1 near the top surface. The drive seat 304 is slidably disposed with the outer wall of the second limiting rods 401. Two third limiting rods 402 are fixed inside the bottom surface of the test box 1. The linkage frame 204 is slidably disposed with the outer wall of the third limiting rods 402. Two fourth limiting rods 403 are fixed on the top surface of the sliding support 2. Connecting rods 404 are fixed on both the front and rear sides of the brake seat 208. The connecting rods 404 are slidably disposed with the outer wall of the fourth limiting rods 403.

[0029] The testing box 1 has a bearing seat 5 fixed at the bottom and middle position inside. The bidirectional screw 302 is rotatably connected to the bearing seat 5. The two first limit rods 4 are fixed to the bearing seat 5. The top surface of the bearing seat 5 has two support cylinders 501 fixed. The support cylinders 501 are slidably arranged with support rods 502 inside. The top of the support rods 502 is fixed to the bottom surface of the lifting support seat 201.

[0030] The bottom surface of the lifting support 201 is fixed with buffer rods 6 near the left and right ends. A buffer cylinder 601 is slidably provided on the outer wall of the buffer rod 6. A buffer spring 602 is fixed between the bottom end of the buffer rod 6 and the inner bottom surface of the buffer cylinder 601. The driving square rod 210 is fixed to the outer wall of the buffer cylinder 601.

[0031] The top surface of the drive seat 304 is fixed with first support wheels 7 near the four corners. The rollers of the first support wheels 7 abut against the inner top surface of the detection box 1. The bottom surface of the sliding support seat 2 is fixed with two second support wheels 701 near the front and rear sides. The second support wheels 701 abut against the inner bottom surface of the detection box 1.

[0032] The top surface of the lifting support 201 is fixed with several anti-slip rubber pads 8, and the top surface of the brake seat 208 is fixed with a brake rubber pad 801.

[0033] The front and rear ends of the sliding support 2 are both fixed with protective covers 9. The first support wheel 7 is located inside the protective cover 9. A screw sleeve 901 is fixed between the sliding support 2 and the bearing seat 5. The bidirectional screw 302 is located inside the screw sleeve 901.

[0034] The working principle and usage of this invention are explained in detail below: When in use, the operator places the building material to be tested horizontally on the support assembly inside the testing box 1. At this time, the bottom of the material is supported by the support rods 211 at the top of the two sliding support seats 2 and the anti-slip rubber pads 8 on the top surface of the lifting support seat 201 located in the middle of the material, forming a stable three-point support. This support method can effectively prevent the material from rolling or slipping when initially placed, ensuring the initial positioning accuracy of the test.

[0035] Subsequently, the first motor 3 is started to drive the bidirectional lead screw 302 to rotate, causing the two sliding support seats 2 to slide towards or away from each other along the first limit rod 4, thereby precisely adjusting the span distance between them.

[0036] This adjustment function allows the device to perfectly adapt to building materials of different lengths and strictly follow standard testing specifications, laying a solid foundation for obtaining highly comparable and authoritative hardness test results, and greatly improving the versatility of the equipment and the scientific nature of the test data.

[0037] Once the support spacing is adjusted and the material is confirmed to be stable, the core testing process officially begins. The second motor 301 operates, driving the drive screw 303 to rotate, which in turn drives the drive seat 304 to move smoothly downwards along the second limit rod 401. The hydraulic cylinder 305 at the bottom of the drive seat 304 then pushes the test head 202 downwards to contact the material surface and apply pressure. During this process, the first support wheel 7 at the top of the drive seat 304 rolls into contact with the inner top surface of the testing box 1, effectively dispersing the torque of the cantilever structure and ensuring the smooth movement of the drive seat 304. As the test head 202 presses down, the connecting rod 203 fixed behind it moves downwards. Since the bottom end of the connecting rod 203 is slidably connected to the slide rod 205 fixed on the linkage frame 204, this downward force pushes the entire linkage frame 204 to move downwards synchronously along the third limit rod 402, thereby causing the lifting support seat 201 fixed to the linkage frame 204 to overcome the guiding effect of the support rod 502 in the support cylinder 501 and descend. This ingenious linkage design enables dynamic automatic conversion of the support mode: as the lifting support seat 201 actively withdraws, the material changes from the initial stable three-point support state to a pure two-point support state, completely eliminating the interference of the central support point on the material's bending neutral layer, so that the material can bear the bending moment completely under the two-point support simply supported beam model, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and precision of hardness testing.

[0038] During the downward movement of the lifting support 201, the automatic locking mechanism is reliably triggered, ensuring absolute stability of the detection state. The downward movement of the lifting support 201 transmits pressure through the drive rod 210 connected to its bottom surface. The drive rod 210 presses down on the rotating shaft 209, which is slidably disposed therewith, forcing the V-shaped seat 206 to rotate around its fulcrum. The rotation of the V-shaped seat 206 generates frictional constraint through the rotating shaft 209, and its other end pushes the rotating plate 207, thereby causing the brake seat 208 and the brake rubber pad 801 on its top surface to move upward along the fourth limit rod 403, tightly abutting against the upper rotating shaft 209, forming a strong self-locking effect.

[0039] This linkage locking mechanism cleverly converts the downward pressure of the test head 202 into a locking force on the sliding support 2, effectively preventing any possible displacement of the sliding support 2 under high pressure, and ensuring that the span of the two supports remains constant throughout the entire pressurization process.

[0040] It is worth noting that the drive rod 210 is fixed to the buffer cylinder 601. When the buffer rod 6 moves down with the lifting support 201, it compresses the internal buffer spring 602. This buffer design makes the force transmission smoother and gentler, which not only protects the linkage mechanism from impact, but also ensures the reliability and durability of the locking action.

[0041] Finally, as the hydraulic cylinder 305 continues to apply pressure, the pressure sensor built into the test head 202 collects the pressure data of the material in real time until the material reaches its yield point or fractures. Throughout the testing process, the second support wheel 701 at the bottom of the sliding support 2 abuts against the inner bottom surface of the test box 1, sharing the load and further enhancing the stability of the system.

[0042] The protective cover 9 and the lead screw sleeve 901 effectively prevent dust and impurities from entering the precision transmission components such as the bidirectional lead screw 302, extending the service life of the equipment. In summary, this invention, through a continuous working mechanism of precise positioning, dynamic conversion, automatic locking, and accurate measurement, successfully integrates the distance adjustment of the support point, the automatic conversion of the support mode, and stable locking into one unit. This not only makes operation simple and highly automated, but also fundamentally solves the inherent error problem in traditional testing methods, achieving high-precision and high-repeatability testing of the hardness of building materials.

[0043] To further clarify, the aforementioned fixed connection should be interpreted broadly unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited. For example, it may be welding, gluing, or integral molding, or other conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the hardness of a building material, comprising a detection box, characterized in that: The testing box is equipped with a support assembly; The support assembly includes two sliding support seats disposed on the bottom surface inside the test box, a lifting support seat disposed between the two sliding support seats, a test head disposed above the lifting support seat, a pressure sensor built into the test head, a connecting rod fixed to the rear side of the test head, a linkage frame fixed to the rear side of the lifting support seat, a sliding rod fixed inside the linkage frame, and the bottom end of the connecting rod slidingly disposed with the outer wall of the sliding rod. The top of the sliding support is rotatably connected to two support rods. Inside the sliding support, below the support rods, is a V-shaped seat rotatably connected. One end of the V-shaped seat is rotatably connected to a rotating plate. The top of the rotating plate is rotatably connected to a brake seat. The other end of the V-shaped seat is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft. The bottom surface of the lifting support is connected to two drive rods. The rotating shaft is slidably disposed with the outer wall of the drive rods.

2. The building material hardness testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first motor and the second motor are fixed on one side of the detection box respectively. A bidirectional lead screw is rotatably connected inside the detection box near the bottom. Both lifting support seats are threaded to the outer wall of the bidirectional lead screw. The output shaft of the first motor is fixed to one end of the bidirectional lead screw. The test chamber has a drive screw rotatably connected to the inside near the top surface. The drive screw is threaded to a drive seat, and a hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the bottom surface of the drive seat. The test head is fixed to the output shaft end of the hydraulic cylinder.

3. The building material hardness testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Two first limiting rods are fixed inside the testing box near the bottom surface, and the sliding support seat is slidably disposed with the outer wall of the first limiting rods; Two second limiting rods are fixed inside the detection box near the top surface, and the drive seat is slidably disposed with respect to the outer wall of the second limiting rods; Two third limiting rods are fixed on the inner bottom surface of the detection box, and the linkage frame is slidably set with the outer wall of the third limiting rods; The top surface of the sliding support is fixed with two fourth limiting rods, and the front and rear sides of the brake seat are fixed with connecting rods, which are slidably disposed with the outer wall of the fourth limiting rods.

4. The building material hardness testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support seat is fixed on the bottom surface of the test box at the middle position. A two-way screw is rotatably connected to the support seat. Two first limit rods are fixed to the support seat. Two support cylinders are fixed on the top surface of the support seat. Support rods are slidably arranged inside the support cylinders. The top of the support rods is fixed to the bottom surface of the lifting support seat.

5. The building material hardness testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the lifting support is fixed with buffer rods near the left and right ends. Buffer cylinders are slidably installed on the outer wall of the buffer rods. Buffer springs are fixed between the bottom end of the buffer rods and the inner bottom surface of the buffer cylinders. The driving square rod is fixed to the outer wall of the buffer cylinder.

6. The building material hardness testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the drive seat is fixed with first support wheels near the four corners. The rollers of the first support wheels abut against the inner top surface of the detection box. The bottom surface of the sliding support seat is fixed with two second support wheels near the front and rear sides. The second support wheels abut against the inner bottom surface of the detection box.

7. The building material hardness testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the lifting support is fixed with several anti-slip rubber pads, and the top surface of the brake seat is fixed with brake rubber pads.

8. The building material hardness testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the sliding support are both fixed with protective covers, and the first support wheel is located inside the protective cover. A lead screw sleeve is fixed between the sliding support and the bearing seat, and the bidirectional lead screw is located inside the lead screw sleeve.

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