Detection equipment and detection method for detecting solar heat gain coefficient of external window of building

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of building external window detection, in particular to a detection device for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of a building external window, which comprises an environment control chamber, a hot chamber and a cold chamber which are arranged in parallel are arranged in the environment control chamber, and a building external window test piece is detachably fixed between the hot chamber and the cold chamber. A total radiation meter A is arranged at the position, close to the building outer window test piece, of the hot chamber, a total radiation meter B is arranged at the position, close to the building outer window test piece, of the cold chamber, an artificial light source, a hot chamber air conditioner and a temperature sensor A are arranged in the hot chamber, and a temperature sensor and a cold chamber air conditioner are arranged in the cold chamber. A data processing system and an environment control room air conditioner are arranged in the environment control room, and data measured by the total radiation meter A and the total radiation meter B are transmitted to the data processing system for data processing. The method can carry out targeted solar heat gain coefficient detection on building external windows, light-transmitting curtain walls and the like, guarantees the accuracy and stability of data, and does not affect the detection of shading coefficients at the same time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of building exterior window detection, in particular to a detection device and method for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of a building exterior window. BACKGROUND

[0002] The solar heat gain coefficient is an important indicator for evaluating the energy-saving performance of building exterior windows. The smaller the solar heat gain coefficient, the stronger the ability of the building exterior window to prevent the transfer of sunlight heat into the room. The current national and local energy-saving design standards and acceptance standards all have requirements for the solar heat gain coefficient of building exterior windows. For example, the General Specification for Building Energy Conservation and Renewable Energy Utilization GB55015-2021 stipulates that for public buildings in hot summer and cold winter regions, when the window-wall area ratio of the exterior window is greater than 0.20 and less than or equal to 0.30, the solar heat gain coefficient of the east, south, and west exterior windows should be less than or equal to 0.40, and the solar heat gain coefficient of the north exterior window should be less than or equal to 0.45. For example, the Green Building Engineering Construction Quality Acceptance Standard DB32 / T4791-2024 stipulates that the solar heat gain coefficient of the sunshade integrated window is a mandatory parameter for door and window projects. Currently, the detection of the thermal insulation performance of building exterior windows mainly focuses on the shading coefficient, and the solar heat gain coefficient is often calculated based on the detection value of the shading coefficient. The detection method for the solar heat gain coefficient of building exterior windows still needs to be explored.

[0003] In the prior art, Chinese patent CN107965873B discloses a detection device and control method for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of an exterior window using natural light. Chinese patent CN108318523B further adds an external environment box that can adjust the light intensity and temperature to improve the stability of the detection data. Although the method of detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of an exterior window using natural light is relatively mature, it has a high economic cost and is greatly affected by the natural environment. Chinese patent CN110823950B discloses a detection device for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of a curtain wall test piece using artificial light sources. This device uses a cooling water circulation system for heat control, which has low heat exchange efficiency and high system complexity. Moreover, this device can only detect the solar heat gain coefficient, and if the associated parameter, the shading coefficient, needs to be detected, a separate shading coefficient detection device needs to be purchased.

[0004] At present, the detection method for the solar heat gain coefficient of building exterior windows is not mature. In the face of the increasing emphasis on the detection of the solar heat gain coefficient of energy-saving buildings, the practice of calculating the solar heat gain coefficient from the shading coefficient detection value gradually lacks credibility and effectiveness. As the shading coefficient and the solar heat gain coefficient are associated parameters, if they are detected using different devices, it will cause unnecessary waste of resources. SUMMARY

[0005] The application provides a detection device and method for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of an external building window.

[0006] The application aims to realize the following technical solutions:

[0007] The application provides a detection device for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of an external building window, which comprises an environment control room, a hot room and a cold room arranged side by side in the environment control room, and an external building window test piece detachably fixed between the hot room and the cold room.

[0008] Further, the temperature sensor A is located between the artificial light source and the total radiation table A.

[0009] Further, the total radiation table B is arranged between the external building window test piece and the temperature sensor B.

[0010] Further, the environment control room is also provided with an air handling unit.

[0011] Further, the cold room is also provided with an auxiliary heater.

[0012] The application also provides a method for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of an external building window, which adopts the detection device for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of an external building window, and the specific steps are as follows.

[0013] Firstly, install the external building window test piece, and control the hot room air conditioner, the cold room air conditioner, the air handling unit and the environment control room air conditioner to adjust the temperature of the environment control room, the hot room and the cold room to a specified temperature range.

[0014] Secondly, turn on the artificial light source, tightly attach the total radiation table A to the surface of the external window test piece frame, and detect the radiation intensity I of the artificial light source projected on the surface of the external window test piece.

[0015] Thirdly, after the artificial light source is turned on, calculate the net heat q1 entering the cold room through the external window test piece every half an hour, and start recording data when the difference between the current and the previous net heat q1 is less than 5%.

[0016] Wherein, the net heat q1 is calculated by the heat balance of the cold room, and the calculation formula is: q1=q c -q f -Δq-q k

[0017] Wherein, q1 is the net heat entering the cold room through the building exterior window, W; q c -q is the refrigerating capacity of the cold room air conditioner, W; q f -Δq is the heating capacity of the auxiliary heater, W; q k -Δq is the heating capacity of the cold room specimen frame, W;

[0018] Step 5, record the environmental parameters in the cold room, the hot room and the protection room every 10 minutes, the parameters include the radiation intensity on the surface of the exterior window specimen, the net heat q1, record at least 5 times of data, and turn off the artificial light source;

[0019] Step 6, take the arithmetic mean of the measurement results, and calculate the solar radiation q2 on the surface of the building exterior window according to the radiation intensity on the surface of the building exterior window and the area of the building exterior window;

[0020] Step 7, the calculation formula of the solar heat gain coefficient of the building exterior window is: SHGC=q1 / q2, q2=IxA.

[0021] Wherein, SHGC is the solar heat gain coefficient of the building exterior window; q1 is the net heat entering the cold room through the building exterior window, W; q2 is the heat gain on the surface of the building exterior window by the artificial light source; I is the radiation intensity on the surface of the building exterior window by the artificial light source; A is the area of the building exterior window.

[0022] Step 8, the data is uniformly summarized to the data processing system for data processing.

[0023] The advantages of the present patent over the prior art are that,

[0024] 1. The method can directly detect the solar heat gain coefficient of the building exterior window, so as to determine whether the building exterior window meets the limit value requirement of the solar heat gain coefficient in the current standard.

[0025] 2. The method uses artificial light source to detect the solar heat gain coefficient of the building exterior window, which can ensure the accuracy and stability of the detection data, and the method is designed according to JG / T 281-2010 "Building Sunshade Product Heat Insulation Performance Test Method", so the method can also detect the sunshade coefficient, avoiding resource waste.

[0026] 3. The technology and equipment used in the method are relatively mature, and have the characteristics of simple operation, easy to use and easy to promote.

[0027] 4. The present application solves the problems of system complexity and compatibility by a three-stage temperature control structure of hot room-cold room-environment control room, combined with air conditioning direct refrigeration

[0028] Heating, solves the problem of system complexity and compatibility, a single device can support SHGC and sunshade system

[0029] Double index detection BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 The present patent structure diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present application, and constitute a part of the specification, together with embodiments of the present application, to explain the present application, and do not constitute a limitation of the present application.

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, a detection device for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of an external window of a building, comprising an environment control room, a hot room and a cold room arranged side by side are arranged in the environment control room, a building external window test piece is detachably fixed between the hot room and the cold room, a total radiation meter A is arranged near the building external window test piece in the hot room, a total radiation meter B is arranged near the building external window test piece in the cold room, an artificial light source, a hot room air conditioner and a temperature sensor A are arranged in the hot room, a temperature sensor and a cold room air conditioner are arranged in the cold room, a data processing system and an environment control room air conditioner are arranged in the environment control room, wherein the data measured by the total radiation meter A and the total radiation meter B is transmitted to the data processing system for data processing, the temperature sensor A is located between the artificial light source and the total radiation meter A, the total radiation meter B is arranged between the building external window test piece and the temperature sensor B, an air handling unit is further arranged in the environment control room, and an auxiliary heater is further arranged in the cold room.

[0033] Specifically, when installing the building external window test piece 9, the gap can be sealed by the sealing strip 15, the temperature in the environment control room 1 can be quickly reached to the specified value by installing the air handling unit 5, the total radiation meter A is installed close to the frame surface of the building external window test piece 9, the temperature sensor A 8 is arranged at least 3 along the height direction of the building external window test piece 9, and the temperature sensor B 10 is arranged at least 4 in the cold room 12, which is convenient for temperature monitoring, at the same time, the temperature in the cold room can be quickly adjusted to the required value by installing the auxiliary heater 16 in the cold room 11, the data processing system 3 is usually a computer, the data processing system 3 is built-in heat balance algorithm module, which is used for automatically calculating the net heat q1 and the solar heat gain coefficient SHGC, and processing the recorded data.

[0034] A method for detecting solar heat gain coefficient of building external window, using a detection device for detecting solar heat gain coefficient of building external window, the specific steps are as follows,

[0035] Firstly, install the building external window test piece 9, and adjust the air conditioning 7 of the hot room, the air conditioning 11 of the cold room, the air handling unit 5, and the air conditioning 14 of the environment control room, so that the temperature of the environment control room 1, the hot room 2 and the cold room 12 is adjusted to the specified temperature range, wherein the temperature of the environment control room 1 is set to (26±1)℃, the temperature of the hot room 2 is set to (35±1)℃, and the temperature of the cold room 12 is set to (26±0.5)℃, the airflow in the cold room 12 is parallel to the test window hole, and the wind speed should be less than 0.5m / s, and the average wind speed of the airflow in the hot room 2 reaching the surface of the external window test piece 9 should be set to (3.0±0.2)m / s;

[0036] Secondly, turn on the artificial light source 6, and tightly attach the total radiation table A4 to the surface of the external window test piece 9, so as to detect the radiation intensity I of the artificial light source 6 projected on the surface of the external window test piece 9 in real time, the total radiation table should meet the requirements of GB / T19565, the radiation intensity should be not less than 800W / m2, and the uniformity should be not less than 90%, and then the data is recorded when the above conditions are met;

[0037] Thirdly, after turning on the artificial light source 6, the net heat q1 entering the cold room 12 through the external window test piece 9 is measured every half an hour, and the data is recorded when the difference between the current and the last two net heats q1 is less than 5%,

[0038] Wherein, the net heat q1 entering the cold room through the external window is calculated by the heat balance of the cold room, and the calculation formula is: q1=q c -q f -Δq-q k

[0039] In the formula, q1 is the net heat entering the cold room through the building external window, W; q c is the refrigerating capacity of the cold room air conditioning, W; q f is the heating capacity of the auxiliary heater, W; Δq is the environmental heating capacity, W; q k is the heating capacity of the cold room test piece frame, W; wherein, q c , Δq, q k can be obtained by the calibration test of the standard test piece, and a standard test piece of light-transmitting material, non-light-transmitting material and shading material is selected for calibration test, the solar heat gain coefficient SHGC of the light-transmitting material, the non-light-transmitting material and the shading material is measured by a spectrophotometer in advance, and the solar heat gain coefficient SHGC of the three materials is multiplied by the solar radiation amount projected on the material surface, so that the net heat q 1透 , q 1不透 , q 1遮阳 entering the cold room through the three materials can be obtained, and the cold room is cooled by the fixed-frequency air conditioning during the test, so that q c透 , qc不透 , q c遮阳 equal; q f measured directly by the auxiliary heater; since the ambient temperature is constant, then Δq 透 , Δq 不透 , Δq 遮阳 equal, q k透 , q k不透 , q k遮阳 equal, thus by equation 1: q 1透 = q c透 - q f透 - Δq 透 - q k透 , equation 2: q 1不透 = q c不透 - q f不透 - Δq 不透 - q k不透 , equation 3: q 1遮阳 = q c遮阳 - q f遮阳 - Δq 遮阳 - q k遮阳 , then the value of q c , Δq, q k can be calculated, to ensure that the test results are accurate and effective, the calibration test should be carried out once a year.

[0040] Step 5, record the environmental parameters in the cold room, hot room and protective room every 10 minutes, the parameters include the radiation intensity on the surface of the outer window test piece 9, the net heat q1, record at least 5 data, turn off the artificial light source 6;

[0041] Step 6, take the arithmetic mean of the measurement results, calculate the solar radiation q2 on the surface of the building outer window according to the radiation intensity on the surface of the building outer window and the area of the building outer window;

[0042] Step 7, the formula for calculating the solar heat gain coefficient of the building outer window is: SHGC=q1 / q2, q2=IxA.

[0043] In the formula, SHGC-the solar heat gain coefficient of the building outer window; q1-the net heat entering the cold room through the building outer window, W; q2-the heat gain on the surface of the building outer window by the artificial light source; I-the radiation intensity on the surface of the building outer window by the artificial light source; A-the area of the building outer window.

[0044] Step 8, the data is uniformly summarized to the data processing system 3 for data processing.

[0045] Specifically, the implementation is as follows,

[0046] First, install the 1.5m x 1.5m building exterior window test piece 9, open the environmental control room air conditioner 14, the hot room air conditioner 7, the cold room air conditioner 11, the temperature of the environmental control room 1 is set to 26℃, the temperature of the hot room 2 is set to 35℃, the temperature of the cold room 12 is set to 26±0.5℃, the airflow in the cold room 12 is parallel to the test window hole, and the wind speed is less than 0.5m / s, and the average wind speed of the airflow reaching the surface of the test piece in the hot room 2 is set to (3.0±0.2)m / s;

[0047] Turn on the artificial light source 6, use the total radiation meter A4 to detect the radiation intensity I of the simulated artificial light source 6 projected on the surface of the building exterior window test piece, when the uniformity is 93%, record the data every 10 minutes, a total of five groups of data, which are 824W / m2, 824W / m2, 825W / m2, 825W / m2, 825W / m2, the arithmetic mean of the radiation intensity is 825W / m2;

[0048] After turning on the artificial light source 6, calculate the net heat q1 entering the cold room 12 through the building exterior window test piece 9 every half hour, when the difference between the current and the last two times is less than 5%, record the data every 10 minutes, a total of five groups of data, which are 365W, 370W, 372W, 373W, 373W, the arithmetic mean of q1 is 371W; according to the radiation intensity on the surface of the building exterior window test piece and the area of the building exterior window test piece, calculate the solar radiation q2 on the surface of the building exterior window test piece 9 =825x1.5x1.5=1856.25W;

[0049] According to the net heat q1 entering the cold room through the building exterior window and the solar radiation q2 on the surface of the building exterior window test piece, the solar heat gain coefficient is calculated to be 371 / 1856.25=0.20.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacements to some technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An apparatus for detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of an exterior window of a building, characterized by The application relates to an environment control room (1) which is provided with a hot room (2) and a cold room (12) arranged in parallel, a building outer window test piece (9) is detachably fixed between the hot room (2) and the cold room (12), a total radiation table A (4) is arranged on the hot room (2) close to the building outer window test piece (9), a total radiation table B (13) is arranged on the cold room (12) close to the building outer window test piece (9), an artificial light source (6), a hot room air conditioner (7) and a temperature sensor A (8) are arranged in the hot room (2), a temperature sensor (10) and a cold room air conditioner (11) are arranged in the cold room (12), a data processing system (3) and an environment control room air conditioner (14) are arranged in the environment control room (1), wherein the data measured by the total radiation table A (4) and the total radiation table B (13) is transmitted to the data processing system (3) for data processing.

2. The apparatus for measuring the solar heat gain coefficient of an exterior building window according to claim 1, wherein The temperature sensor A (8) is located between the artificial light source (6) and the total radiation table A (4).

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The total radiation table B (13) is arranged between the building outer window test piece (9) and the temperature sensor B (10).

4. The apparatus for measuring the solar heat gain coefficient of an exterior building window according to claim 1, wherein The environment control room (1) is further provided with an air handling unit (5).

5. The apparatus for measuring the solar heat gain coefficient of an exterior building window according to claim 4, wherein The cold room (11) is further provided with an auxiliary heater (16).

6. A method of detecting the solar heat gain coefficient of an exterior window of a building using the detection apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by, The specific steps are as follows, In the first step, the building outer window test piece (9) is installed, the hot room air conditioner (7), the cold room air conditioner (11), the air handling unit (5) and the environment control room air conditioner (14) are regulated, and the temperature of the environment control room (1), the hot room (2) and the cold room (12) is adjusted to a specified temperature range. In the second step, the artificial light source (6) is turned on, the total radiation table A (4) is closely attached to the frame surface of the outer window test piece (9), the radiation intensity I of the artificial light source (6) projected on the surface of the outer window test piece (9) is detected in real time, when the radiation intensity is not lower than 800 W / m2 and the uniformity is not lower than 90%, the data is recorded. In the third step, after the artificial light source (6) is turned on, the net heat q1 entering the cold room (12) through the outer window test piece (9) is measured every half an hour, when the difference between the current and the last two net heats q1 is less than 5%, the data is recorded, wherein the net heat q1 is calculated through the heat balance of the cold room (12), and the calculation formula is: q1 = q c - q f - Δq - q k wherein, q1 - net heat entering the cold room through the building exterior window, W; q c - cooling capacity of the cold room air conditioner, W; q f - heating capacity of the auxiliary heater, W; Δq - environmental heating capacity, W; q k - cold room specimen frame heating capacity, W; In the fifth step, the environmental parameters in the cold room, the hot room and the protection room are recorded every 10 minutes, the parameters include the radiation intensity of the surface of the outer window test piece (9) and the net heat q1, at least 5 sets of data are recorded, and the artificial light source (6) is turned off. In the sixth step, the measurement result is taken as an arithmetic mean value, the solar radiation q2 of the surface of the building outer window is calculated according to the radiation intensity of the surface of the building outer window and the area of the building outer window. In the seventh step, the calculation formula of the solar heat gain coefficient of the building outer window is SHGC=q1 / q2, q2=I*A. In the formula, SHGC is the solar heat gain coefficient of the building outer window; q1 is the net heat entering the cold room through the building outer window, W; q2 is the heat gain of the artificial light source projected on the surface of the building outer window; I is the radiation intensity of the artificial light source projected on the surface of the building outer window; and A is the area of the building outer window. In the eighth step, the data is uniformly collected to the data processing system (3) for data processing.

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