A multi-band dynamic reconfigurable switching system based on software-defined radio

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a multi-band dynamic reconfigurable switching system based on software-defined radio, which comprises an environment sensing module, a frequency band analysis module, a reconfiguration decision module, a switching execution module and a verification module; wherein: the environment sensing module is used for collecting original time domain signals; the frequency band analysis module is used for generating a feature list of available frequency bands; the reconfiguration decision module is used for calculating comprehensive scores of each frequency band and generating corresponding reconfiguration configuration instructions; the switching execution module is used for configuring an SDR radio frequency front end; and the verification module is used for detecting whether to confirm a response. Through real-time sensing of a multi-band environment, intelligent decision and self-verification switching, the application constructs a dynamic wireless communication system with high-precision spectrum identification and rapid reconfiguration capability, thereby significantly improving communication stability and spectrum utilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a multi-band dynamic reconfigurable switching system based on software-defined radio. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, multi-band access and dynamic spectrum utilization have become key directions for improving the spectrum efficiency of communication systems. Traditional wireless devices typically operate in fixed frequency bands. When the frequency band is interfered with or bandwidth is insufficient, the system often cannot switch to a better frequency band in time, resulting in communication interruption or data rate reduction. The emergence of Software Defined Radio (SDR) technology allows the RF front-end and baseband processing to be flexibly configured through software, thereby enabling cross-band communication and adaptive reconfiguration. However, in actual multi-band communication environments, factors such as dynamic changes in spectrum occupancy, signal-to-noise ratio fluctuations, and multipath interference are complex, requiring SDR systems to have more intelligent frequency band identification, decision-making, and switching mechanisms to achieve stable communication.

[0003] In existing technologies, the handover strategies of multi-band SDR systems still face several technical challenges: First, the lack of real-time quantitative perception of the multi-band environment makes it impossible to accurately extract key features such as signal strength, interference noise power, and channel occupancy. Second, the balance between communication stability and rate requirements is not fully considered during frequency band selection, resulting in a lack of dynamic adaptability in handover decisions. Third, the lack of a rapid verification mechanism after frequency band handover makes it impossible to promptly confirm whether link establishment has been successful, affecting system reliability. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multi-band dynamic reconfigurable handover system based on software-defined radio to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a multi-band dynamic reconfigurable switching system based on software-defined radio.

[0005] A multi-band dynamic reconfigurable handover system based on software-defined radio includes an environment sensing module, a frequency band analysis module, a reconfiguration decision module, a handover execution module, and a verification module; wherein:

[0006] Environmental sensing module: used to scan multiple preset frequency bands through SDR radio frequency front end, collect raw time domain signals; and perform frequency domain transformation on the signals to extract frequency band signal strength, interference noise power and channel occupancy rate;

[0007] Frequency band analysis module: Calculates the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio of each frequency band based on signal strength and interference noise power, estimates the available bandwidth based on channel occupancy, and generates a list of available frequency band characteristics that includes frequency band identifier, instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio, and available bandwidth;

[0008] Reconfiguration decision module: It is used to receive the list of available frequency bands, calculate the comprehensive score of each frequency band based on the preset stability weight and rate weight, select the frequency band with the highest comprehensive score as the target switching frequency band, and generate the corresponding reconfiguration configuration command.

[0009] Switching execution module: Used to configure the local oscillator frequency and filter bandwidth of the SDR RF front end according to the reconfiguration configuration instructions, control the RF switch to complete the switching of the target frequency band, and send physical layer synchronization signals to establish a communication link;

[0010] Verification module: After link synchronization is completed, it sends a predefined verification data packet through the target frequency band and detects whether an acknowledgment response is received from the communication peer within a preset time. If an acknowledgment response is detected, it outputs a handover success signal; otherwise, it outputs a handover failure signal.

[0011] Optionally, the environmental perception module includes a frequency band scanning unit, a signal acquisition unit, a frequency domain conversion unit, and a parameter extraction unit; wherein:

[0012] Frequency band scanning unit: Used to control the SDR RF front end to sequentially switch the local oscillator frequency to the center frequency of multiple preset frequency bands within a set time window, and configure the corresponding bandpass filter bandwidth so that the SDR receiving channel can complete the signal access preparation for the specified frequency band.

[0013] Signal acquisition unit: used to synchronously sample the radio frequency signals received in each frequency band during the frequency band scanning process, and generate the original time domain signal stream sequence corresponding to the frequency band;

[0014] Frequency domain transformation unit: used to perform fast Fourier transform on the time domain signal stream acquired in each frequency band to obtain the frequency component distribution sequence and calculate the power spectral density corresponding to each frequency component;

[0015] Parameter extraction unit: used to identify the main signal interval and interference interval of the target frequency band in the spectrum results, and calculate its average power as the frequency band signal strength and interference noise power, and at the same time calculate the corresponding channel occupancy rate based on the in-band frequency occupancy ratio.

[0016] Optionally, the frequency domain conversion unit includes:

[0017] Window processing subunit: used to perform windowing processing on the original time-domain signal sequence output by the signal acquisition unit before performing frequency domain transformation, forming a windowed signal sequence;

[0018] Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) subunit: Used to perform a Fast Fourier Transform on the windowed signal sequence, converting it from the time domain to the frequency domain and generating a sequence of frequency components in complex form;

[0019] Power spectral density calculation subunit: used to calculate the square of the amplitude of the complex frequency component sequence in order to obtain the power spectral density distribution of each frequency component.

[0020] Optionally, the frequency band analysis module includes a signal-to-noise ratio calculation unit, a bandwidth estimation unit, and a feature list generation unit; wherein:

[0021] Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculation unit: Receives the frequency band signal strength and interference noise power output from the environmental sensing module, and calculates the instantaneous SNR for each frequency band based on the energy ratio between the two. The formula is: Where SNR is the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio; Signal strength in the frequency band; For interference noise power;

[0022] Bandwidth estimation unit: used to estimate the effective bandwidth resources currently available for communication by removing the occupied portion from the total bandwidth based on the channel occupancy rate of each frequency band; the formula is: ,in, Available bandwidth; This refers to the total bandwidth of the frequency band. Channel occupancy rate, representing the ratio of occupied frequency points to the total number of frequency points;

[0023] Feature list generation unit: Used to structure and organize the frequency band identifier, signal-to-noise ratio value and available bandwidth value corresponding to each frequency band, and generate a feature list of available frequency bands in a unified format.

[0024] Optionally, the reconstruction decision module includes a scoring calculation unit, a target selection unit, and a configuration generation unit; wherein:

[0025] Scoring Calculation Unit: Used to receive the list of available frequency band features generated by the frequency band analysis module, obtain the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio and available bandwidth parameters corresponding to each frequency band, and call the preset stability weight and rate weight to perform a weighted comprehensive score for each frequency band;

[0026] Target selection unit: Used to compare the comprehensive scores of all frequency bands and select the frequency band with the highest score as the target switching frequency band in the current cycle;

[0027] Configuration generation unit: Used to generate corresponding reconfiguration configuration instructions by calling the system's preset radio frequency parameter mapping table based on the center frequency, available bandwidth and channel parameters of the target switching band.

[0028] Optionally, the scoring calculation unit includes:

[0029] Feature normalization subunit: used to perform dimensionless normalization processing on the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio and available bandwidth in the available frequency band feature list, so that the indicators with different dimensions are converted to a unified scoring scale.

[0030] Weight reading subunit: used to access the stability weight and rate weight configuration stored in the system parameter table, and connect the read weight to the comprehensive score calculation subunit;

[0031] Comprehensive score calculation subunit: used to calculate the comprehensive score for each frequency band and form a key-value pair with the corresponding frequency band identifier.

[0032] Optionally, the configuration generation unit includes:

[0033] Parameter extraction subunit: used to extract the center frequency, available bandwidth and channel modulation mode parameters from the target switching frequency band output by the target selection unit, and organize them into structured parameter items;

[0034] Parameter matching subunit: used to call the preset RF parameter mapping table, match the local oscillator frequency setting value based on the center frequency, match the optimal passband range of the bandpass filter based on the available bandwidth, and select compatible RF switch control logic according to the channel modulation method.

[0035] Instruction generation subunit: used to encapsulate the matching result into a structured reconstruction configuration instruction, which includes the target local oscillator frequency, filter bandwidth, and RF switch control signal of the target frequency band.

[0036] Optionally, the switching execution module includes a frequency configuration unit, a filter adjustment unit, an RF channel switching unit, and a link synchronization unit; wherein:

[0037] Frequency configuration unit: used to receive the local oscillator target frequency parameters in the reconfiguration configuration command and send them to the frequency synthesis control interface of the SDR RF front end;

[0038] Filtering adjustment unit: used to extract the filter bandwidth setting parameters in the reconstruction configuration command and control the upper and lower cutoff frequencies of the adjustable bandpass filter to match the bandwidth range corresponding to the target frequency band;

[0039] RF channel switching unit: used to identify the RF switch control signal code in the reconfiguration instruction, and call the corresponding control logic to switch the currently active RF path in the SDR system to the RF receive and transmit link corresponding to the target frequency band;

[0040] Link synchronization unit: After the frequency, filter and RF channel are configured, it sends the synchronization start code and predefined training sequence through physical layer control logic to drive the communication peer to complete clock recovery and frame synchronization.

[0041] Optionally, the verification module includes a data packet sending unit, a response detection unit, and a result determination unit; wherein:

[0042] Data packet sending unit: After link synchronization is completed, it retrieves a predefined verification data packet from the system cache and sends it to the communication peer through the target frequency band to verify the availability of the current link;

[0043] Response detection unit: Used to start a timer after the data packet is sent and listen for the acknowledgment response signal returned by the communication peer within a preset time window; if a response is detected, the receiving time and response content are recorded; if no response is detected within the time limit, a timeout flag is generated.

[0044] Result determination unit: Used to determine whether the handover is successful based on the response detection result. If a confirmation response is received, a handover success signal is output; otherwise, a handover failure signal is output and reported to the system control layer for status update.

[0045] Optionally, the verification data packet includes a unique frame header identifier, a sequence number, and a verification field.

[0046] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0047] This invention, by constructing a multi-module collaborative mechanism under a software-defined radio architecture, realizes a closed-loop process of spectrum environment perception, feature analysis, decision reconstruction, execution switching, and result verification. The system can collect and analyze multi-band signal parameters in real time in complex electromagnetic environments, and form feature data based on quantitative indicators such as signal-to-noise ratio, interference power, and occupancy rate, providing a reliable basis for subsequent frequency band selection and ensuring that the communication process remains continuous and stable when the spectrum changes dynamically.

[0048] This invention, by introducing a weighted configurable decision model and parameter mapping mechanism, transforms the frequency band switching process from qualitative judgment to quantitative optimization. The system can flexibly adjust stability and rate priorities according to different business scenarios. Combined with automated RF configuration execution and link verification processes, it can achieve rapid response and self-acknowledgment of frequency band switching. Attached Figure Description

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-band dynamic reconfigurable switching system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the reconstruction decision module in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should also be noted that, to make the embodiments more comprehensive, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art can use other alternative methods to implement some well-known technologies; moreover, the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0053] It should be noted that the use of terms such as "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "an exemplary embodiment," and "some embodiments" in the specification indicates that the described embodiment may include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether explicitly described or not) should be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0054] Generally, terms can be understood at least partly from their use in context. For example, depending at least partly on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood not necessarily to convey an exclusive set of factors, but rather, alternatively, depending at least partly on the context, to allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0055] like Figures 1-2 As shown, a multi-band dynamic reconfigurable handover system based on software-defined radio includes an environment perception module, a frequency band analysis module, a reconfiguration decision module, a handover execution module, and a verification module; wherein:

[0056] The environment sensing module is used to scan multiple preset frequency bands through the SDR (Software Defined Radio) RF front end, collect raw time-domain signals, and perform frequency domain transformation on the signals to extract frequency band signal strength, interference noise power, and channel occupancy rate.

[0057] Frequency band analysis module: Calculates the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio of each frequency band based on signal strength and interference noise power, estimates the available bandwidth based on channel occupancy, and generates a list of available frequency band characteristics that includes frequency band identifier, instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio, and available bandwidth;

[0058] Reconfiguration decision module: It is used to receive the list of available frequency bands, calculate the comprehensive score of each frequency band based on the preset stability weight and rate weight, select the frequency band with the highest comprehensive score as the target switching frequency band, and generate the corresponding reconfiguration configuration command.

[0059] Switching execution module: Used to configure the local oscillator frequency and filter bandwidth of the SDR RF front end according to the reconfiguration configuration instructions, control the RF switch to complete the switching of the target frequency band, and send physical layer synchronization signals to establish a communication link;

[0060] Verification module: After link synchronization is completed, it sends a predefined verification data packet through the target frequency band and detects whether an acknowledgment response is received from the communication peer within a preset time. If an acknowledgment response is detected, it outputs a handover success signal; otherwise, it outputs a handover failure signal.

[0061] The environmental perception module includes a frequency band scanning unit, a signal acquisition unit, a frequency domain conversion unit, and a parameter extraction unit; among which:

[0062] Frequency band scanning unit: Used to control the SDR RF front end to sequentially switch the local oscillator frequency to the center frequency of multiple preset frequency bands within a set time window, and configure the corresponding bandpass filter bandwidth so that the SDR receiving channel can complete the signal access preparation for the specified frequency band.

[0063] Signal acquisition unit: used to synchronously sample the radio frequency signals received in each frequency band during the frequency band scanning process, and generate the original time domain signal stream sequence corresponding to the frequency band;

[0064] Frequency domain transformation unit: used to perform fast Fourier transform on the time domain signal stream acquired in each frequency band to obtain the frequency component distribution sequence and calculate the power spectral density corresponding to each frequency component;

[0065] Parameter extraction unit: Used to identify the main signal interval and interference interval of the target frequency band in the spectrum results, and calculate their average power as the frequency band signal strength and interference noise power. At the same time, it calculates the corresponding channel occupancy rate based on the in-band frequency occupancy ratio. The specific calculation is as follows: ; ; ;in, Indicates the signal strength in the frequency band. Indicates the power of interference noise. Indicates channel occupancy rate; The first main signal interval Power values ​​at each frequency point For the interference interval Power values ​​at each frequency point , These represent the total number of frequency points for the main signal and the interference range, respectively. The number of in-band frequency points where the power exceeds the noise threshold. This represents the total number of frequency points within the frequency band. Through the above design, it is possible to achieve quantitative perception of signal quality and spectrum occupancy status in multi-band wireless environments, providing complete and reliable basic data support for the frequency band analysis module.

[0066] The frequency domain conversion unit includes:

[0067] Windowing subunit: This unit performs windowing processing on the original time-domain signal sequence output by the signal acquisition unit before performing frequency domain transformation. This reduces spectral leakage. The windowing process uses a Hamming window or Hanning window function. The windowed signal sequence is formed by multiplying each sampling point by the window function weight. Its calculation expression is as follows: ,in, This is the time-domain sampled signal after windowing. The original time-domain sampled signal, For the window function weights, For the first Each sampling time;

[0068] Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) subunit: Used to perform a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on the windowed signal sequence, transforming it from the time domain to the frequency domain and generating a sequence of frequency components in complex form; the transformation result is represented as: ,in, For the first The complex amplitude of each frequency component, The number of points in the FFT. The imaginary unit, For the corresponding frequency components;

[0069] Power spectrum calculation subunit: used to calculate the square of the amplitude of a complex frequency component sequence to obtain the power spectral density distribution of each frequency component; the calculation expression is: ,in, For the first Power spectral density of each frequency component The modulus represents the magnitude of the complex number. Through the above frequency domain conversion process, the original time domain signal can be accurately mapped to the frequency domain, realizing the analysis and quantization of the power distribution of multi-band signals, providing high-resolution spectral energy basic data for the parameter extraction unit, thereby improving the accuracy of signal strength and interference noise power assessment.

[0070] The frequency band analysis module includes a signal-to-noise ratio calculation unit, a bandwidth estimation unit, and a feature list generation unit; among which:

[0071] Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculation unit: Receives the frequency band signal strength and interference noise power output from the environmental sensing module, and calculates the instantaneous SNR for each frequency band based on the energy ratio between the two, reflecting its current communication quality; the calculation formula is: Where SNR is the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio; Signal strength in the frequency band; For interference noise power;

[0072] Bandwidth estimation unit: used to estimate the effective bandwidth resources currently available for communication by removing the occupied portion from the total bandwidth based on the channel occupancy rate of each frequency band; the formula is: ,in, Available bandwidth; This refers to the total bandwidth of the frequency band. Channel occupancy rate, representing the ratio of occupied frequency points to the total number of frequency points;

[0073] Feature list generation unit: This unit is used to structure and organize the frequency band identifier, signal-to-noise ratio value, and available bandwidth value corresponding to each frequency band, generating a unified format of available frequency band feature list for subsequent reconstruction decision module to call for comprehensive scoring and sorting selection; Through the collaborative processing of the above units, the frequency band analysis module realizes comprehensive quantification of multi-frequency band wireless resources in terms of communication quality and availability, improves the accuracy and flexibility of frequency band selection, and provides basic data support for dynamic spectrum switching strategies.

[0074] The refactoring decision-making module includes a scoring calculation unit, a target selection unit, and a configuration generation unit; wherein:

[0075] Scoring Calculation Unit: This unit receives the list of available frequency band features generated by the frequency band analysis module, obtains the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio and available bandwidth parameters corresponding to each frequency band, and calls the preset stability weight and rate weight to perform a weighted comprehensive score on each frequency band to reflect its comprehensive priority in the current communication scenario.

[0076] Target selection unit: used to compare the comprehensive scores of all frequency bands, select the frequency band with the highest score as the target switching frequency band in the current period, and ensure that the system achieves the optimal balance between channel quality and available resources;

[0077] Configuration generation unit: Based on the center frequency, available bandwidth, and channel parameters of the target switching band, it calls the system's preset RF parameter mapping table to generate corresponding reconstruction configuration instructions. The reconstruction configuration instructions include the local oscillator target frequency, filter bandwidth, and RF switch control signals, which are used to guide the switching execution module to complete hardware configuration and channel reconstruction. Through the continuous calculation and logical connection of the above units, the reconstruction decision module realizes a complete decision-making link from multi-dimensional frequency band characteristics to target frequency band selection and instruction generation, enabling the system to achieve efficient, autonomous, and executable multi-band switching control in complex dynamic spectrum environments.

[0078] The scoring calculation unit includes:

[0079] Feature Normalization Subunit: Used to perform dimensionless normalization on the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio and available bandwidth in the available frequency band feature list, converting indicators with different dimensions to a unified scoring scale, forming stability index scores and rate index scores for subsequent weighted calculations; the normalization calculation formula is:

[0080] ; ,in, This indicates the stability index score; This indicates the score for the rate index; Indicates the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio of the target frequency band; This represents the lower boundary of the signal-to-noise ratio. This represents the upper boundary of the signal-to-noise ratio. Indicates the available bandwidth of the target frequency band; This represents the lower boundary of the bandwidth. This represents the upper boundary of the bandwidth; when the calculation result exceeds the interval... Boundary truncation should be performed during implementation;

[0081] Weight Reading Subunit: Used to access the stability weight and rate weight configurations stored in the system parameter table, and connect the read weights to the comprehensive score calculation subunit to ensure configurability and consistency under different business objectives; weight constraints are: , , ,in, Indicates stability weights; Indicates rate weight;

[0082] The comprehensive scoring calculation subunit is based on the output of the feature normalization subunit. and and the weight reading subunit provided and This is used to calculate a comprehensive score for each frequency band and to form key-value pairs between the results and the corresponding frequency band identifiers; the comprehensive score formula is: ,in, This represents the comprehensive score for the frequency band. The above sub-units, through the normalization of instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio and available bandwidth on a unified scale, and combined with configurable stability weights and rate weights for linear weighting, ensure that the scoring calculation process is consistent in mathematical form and engineering implementation. This ensures that the frequency band priority determination under different business objectives is deterministic and reusable, and provides a clear and traceable quantitative basis for the ranking and decision-making of the target selection unit.

[0083] Table 1. Stability Weights and Rate Weights

[0084]

[0085] The configuration generation unit includes:

[0086] Parameter extraction subunit: Used to extract the center frequency, available bandwidth and channel modulation mode parameters from the target switching frequency band output by the target selection unit, and organize them into structured parameter items for subsequent matching.

[0087] Parameter matching subunit: used to call the preset RF parameter mapping table, match the local oscillator frequency setting value based on the center frequency, match the optimal passband range of the bandpass filter based on the available bandwidth, and select compatible RF switch control logic according to the channel modulation method.

[0088] Table 2 RF Parameter Mapping Table

[0089]

[0090] In Table 2 above, the frequency band identifier is a unique number assigned to each preset communication frequency band, used for quick indexing in the frequency band feature list and configuration instructions; the frequency range indicates the center frequency interval available for this frequency band in the wireless system, used to match the center frequency of the target switching frequency band; the local oscillator target frequency is the set frequency of the SDR RF front-end local oscillator module, which directly determines the tuning center point of the received or transmitted signal; when the center frequency of the target frequency band falls within the range in the table, the parameter matching subunit automatically calls the corresponding local oscillator setting value; the filter bandwidth indicates the physical filter passband width corresponding to the available bandwidth of this frequency band, used to ensure that the signal passes within the effective frequency range while suppressing adjacent channel interference; the modulation method characterizes the digital modulation scheme adopted by this frequency band, used to ensure matching with channel parameters and guarantee subsequent link synchronization and communication stability; the RF switch control signal indicates the control command combination corresponding to the RF front-end path switching, different frequency bands call different switching logics, used to connect specific RF filter branches or amplification channels.

[0091] The instruction generation subunit is used to encapsulate the matching results into structured reconfiguration instructions. The reconfiguration instructions include the target local oscillator frequency, filter bandwidth, and RF switch control signals for the target frequency band. Through the coordinated operation of the above subunits, the configuration generation unit can quickly match the optimal RF configuration strategy based on predefined parameter rules according to the communication requirements of the target frequency band, and generate configuration instructions with standardized format and direct execution, ensuring that the system has efficient and accurate low-level hardware control capabilities when switching frequency bands.

[0092] The switching execution module includes a frequency configuration unit, a filter adjustment unit, an RF channel switching unit, and a link synchronization unit; wherein:

[0093] Frequency configuration unit: Used to receive the target frequency parameters of the local oscillator in the reconfiguration command and send them to the frequency synthesis control interface of the SDR radio frequency front end to realize the phase-locked tuning of the local oscillator and ensure that the carrier frequency of the target frequency band is consistent with the system setting value;

[0094] Filtering adjustment unit: used to extract the filter bandwidth setting parameters in the reconstruction configuration command and control the upper and lower cutoff frequencies of the adjustable bandpass filter to match the bandwidth range corresponding to the target frequency band, so as to filter out the interference spectrum of non-target frequency bands and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of subsequent communication;

[0095] RF channel switching unit: used to identify the RF switch control signal code in the reconfiguration instruction, and call the corresponding control logic to switch the currently active RF path in the SDR system to the RF receive and transmit link corresponding to the target frequency band;

[0096] Link synchronization unit: After the frequency, filter and RF channel are fully configured, it sends the synchronization start code and predefined training sequence through physical layer control logic to drive the communication peer to complete clock recovery and frame synchronization. Through the serial execution of the above units, the switching execution module can accurately map the reconfiguration instructions generated by the upper layer into operable RF front-end control actions. From frequency setting, filter tuning to path switching and synchronization link establishment, a complete and closed-loop dynamic frequency band switching mechanism is formed to ensure that the system has real-time switchable physical layer execution capability in a variable spectrum environment.

[0097] The verification module includes a data packet sending unit, a response detection unit, and a result determination unit; wherein:

[0098] Data packet sending unit: After link synchronization is completed, it retrieves a predefined verification data packet from the system cache and sends it to the communication peer through the target frequency band to verify the availability of the current link;

[0099] Response detection unit: Used to start a timer after the data packet is sent and listen for the acknowledgment response signal returned by the communication peer within a preset time window; if a response is detected, the receiving time and response content are recorded; if no response is detected within the time limit, a timeout flag is generated.

[0100] The result determination unit is used to determine whether the handover was successful based on the response detection result. If a confirmation response is received, a handover success signal is output; otherwise, a handover failure signal is output and reported to the system control layer for status update. Through the above structure, the verification module can quickly detect the link validity after frequency band switching, ensuring that the system has real-time self-testing and confirmation capabilities in multi-frequency band dynamic reconfiguration.

[0101] The verification data packet includes a unique frame header identifier, a sequence number, and a verification field.

[0102] After the verification module completes link synchronization, it sends a verification data packet containing a unique frame header identifier, sequence number, and checksum field through the target frequency band. The operation steps of its response detection are as follows:

[0103] S1: The response detection unit starts a receive timer while sending the verification data packet, sets a fixed response waiting time window, and enters the listening state;

[0104] S2: While the timer is still running, continuously monitor the target frequency band for incoming signals and analyze the received data field by field, focusing on extracting the following key elements for comparison:

[0105] Does the frame header identifier match the locally sent data packet?

[0106] Does the sequence number in the response frame correspond to the sent data packet?

[0107] Verify whether the field passes the validation logic.

[0108] S3: When the received response frame passes the above three checks, it is determined to be a valid confirmation response. The receiving window timer is immediately terminated, and a handover success signal is output. If no response frame is received within the response waiting time window, or the received frame does not meet any of the check rules, the response is considered to have failed, and a handover failure signal is output.

[0109] S4: Regardless of whether the response is successful or not, the verification module will output the final result to the system control logic layer through the result judgment unit, which will be used as the triggering basis for subsequent switching of stability records or fault recovery mechanisms.

[0110] This invention encompasses any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods, and solutions made within the spirit and scope of this invention. To provide the public with a thorough understanding of this invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments; however, those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention even without these details. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding of the essence of this invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0111] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-band dynamic reconfigurable switching system based on software defined radio, characterized in that, The system comprises an environment perception module, a frequency band analysis module, a reconstruction decision module, a switching execution module, and a verification module. The environment perception module is configured to scan multiple preset frequency bands through an SDR radio frequency front end, collect original time domain signals, and perform frequency domain conversion on the signals to extract frequency band signal strength, interference noise power, and channel occupancy rate. The frequency band analysis module is configured to calculate the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio of each frequency band based on the signal strength and interference noise power, estimate the available bandwidth based on the channel occupancy rate, and generate an available frequency band feature list containing the frequency band identifier, the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio, and the available bandwidth. The reconstruction decision module is configured to receive the available frequency band feature list, calculate the comprehensive score of each frequency band according to the preset stability weight and rate weight, select the frequency band with the highest comprehensive score as the target switching frequency band, and generate a corresponding reconstruction configuration instruction. The reconstruction decision module comprises a score calculation unit, a target selection unit, and a configuration generation unit. The score calculation unit is configured to receive the available frequency band feature list generated by the frequency band analysis module, obtain the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio and available bandwidth parameters corresponding to each frequency band from the list, and calculate the weighted comprehensive score of each frequency band by calling the preset stability weight and rate weight. The target selection unit is configured to compare the comprehensive scores of all frequency bands, select the frequency band with the highest score as the target switching frequency band in the current period, and generate a corresponding reconstruction configuration instruction. The configuration generation unit is configured to generate a corresponding reconstruction configuration instruction according to the center frequency, available bandwidth, and channel parameters of the target switching frequency band, and call the system preset radio frequency parameter mapping table. The score calculation unit comprises: A feature normalization subunit is configured to perform dimensionless normalization processing on the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio and available bandwidth in the available frequency band feature list, so that different dimension indicators are converted to a unified score scale. A weight reading subunit is configured to access the stability weight and rate weight configuration stored in the system parameter table, and connect the read weights to the comprehensive score calculation subunit. A comprehensive score calculation subunit is configured to calculate the comprehensive score of each frequency band and form a key-value pair with the corresponding frequency band identifier. The switching execution module is configured to configure the local oscillator frequency and filter bandwidth of the SDR radio frequency front end according to the reconstruction configuration instruction, control the radio frequency switch to complete the switching of the target frequency band, and issue a physical layer synchronization signal to establish a communication link. The verification module is configured to send a predefined verification data packet through the target frequency band after completing link synchronization, and detect whether an acknowledgement response from the communication peer is received within a preset time; if the acknowledgement response is detected, a switching success signal is output, otherwise a switching failure signal is output. The verification module comprises a data packet sending unit, a response detection unit, and a result determination unit. The data packet sending unit is configured to retrieve the predefined verification data packet from the system buffer after completing link synchronization, and send it to the communication peer through the target frequency band to verify the availability of the current link. The response detection unit is configured to start a timer after sending the data packet, and listen for an acknowledgement response signal returned by the communication peer within a preset time window; if the response is detected, the reception time and response content are recorded, and if the timeout is not detected, a timeout flag is generated. The result judging unit is used for judging whether the switching is successful according to the response detection result, outputting a switching success signal if a confirmation response is received, otherwise outputting a switching failure signal, and reporting to the system control layer for state updating. 2.The multi-band dynamic reconfigurable switching system based on software defined radio according to claim 1, wherein, The environment sensing module comprises a frequency band scanning unit, a signal collecting unit, a frequency domain converting unit and a parameter extracting unit. The frequency band scanning unit is used for controlling the SDR radio frequency front end to switch the local oscillator frequency to the center frequencies of a plurality of preset frequency bands in a set time window, and configuring the corresponding band pass filter bandwidth, so that the SDR receiving channel completes the signal access preparation for the specified frequency band. The signal collecting unit is used for synchronously sampling the received radio frequency signals of each frequency band in the frequency band scanning process, and generating the original time domain signal stream sequence corresponding to the frequency band. The frequency domain converting unit is used for performing fast Fourier transform on the time domain signal stream collected for each frequency band, obtaining the frequency component distribution sequence, and calculating the power spectral density corresponding to each frequency component. The parameter extracting unit is used for identifying the main signal interval and the interference interval of the target frequency band in the spectrum result, and calculating the average power as the frequency band signal strength and the interference noise power, and calculating the corresponding channel occupancy rate according to the in-band frequency occupation ratio.

3. The multi-band dynamically reconfigurable switching system based on software defined radio according to claim 2, wherein, The frequency domain converting unit comprises: The window processing sub-unit is used for performing windowing processing on the original time domain signal sequence output by the signal collecting unit before performing the frequency domain transformation, to form a windowed signal sequence; The fast Fourier transform sub-unit is used for performing fast Fourier transform on the windowed signal sequence, converting it from the time domain to the frequency domain, and generating a complex frequency component sequence; The power spectrum calculation sub-unit is used for squaring the amplitude of the complex frequency component sequence to obtain the power spectral density distribution of each frequency component.

4. The multi-band dynamically reconfigurable switching system based on software defined radio according to claim 1, wherein, The frequency band analysis module comprises a signal-to-noise ratio calculation unit, a bandwidth estimation unit and a feature list generation unit. The signal-to-noise ratio calculation unit is used for receiving the frequency band signal strength and the interference noise power output by the environment sensing module, calculating the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each frequency band according to the energy ratio between the two, and the formula is: wherein SNR is the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio; is the frequency band signal strength; is the interference noise power; Bandwidth estimation unit: for according to each frequency band's channel occupancy, eliminating the occupied part from total bandwidth, estimating the effective bandwidth resource available for communication; the formula is: Wherein, is available bandwidth; is total bandwidth of frequency band; is channel occupancy, indicating the ratio of occupied frequency points to total frequency points; The feature list generation unit is used for structurally organizing the frequency band identifier, the signal-to-noise ratio value and the available bandwidth value corresponding to each frequency band, and generating a unified format available frequency band feature list.

5. The multi-band dynamically reconfigurable switching system based on software defined radio according to claim 1, wherein, The configuration generation unit comprises: The parameter extracting sub-unit is used for extracting the center frequency, the available bandwidth and the channel modulation mode parameters from the target switching frequency band output by the target selection unit, and organizing them into structured parameter items; The parameter matching sub-unit is used for calling a preset radio frequency parameter mapping table, matching the corresponding local oscillator frequency setting value based on the center frequency, matching the optimal passband range of the band pass filter based on the available bandwidth, and selecting the radio frequency switch control logic compatible with the channel modulation mode; The instruction generation sub-unit is used for packaging the matching result into a structured reconstruction configuration instruction, and the reconstruction configuration instruction comprises the local oscillator target frequency of the target frequency band, the filter bandwidth and the radio frequency switch control signal.

6. The multi-band dynamically reconfigurable switching system based on software defined radio according to claim 1, wherein, The switching execution module comprises a frequency configuration unit, a filter adjustment unit, a radio frequency channel switching unit and a link synchronization unit; wherein: The frequency configuration unit is used for receiving a local oscillator target frequency parameter in the reconstruction configuration instruction and issuing it to a frequency synthesis control interface of the SDR radio frequency front end; The filter adjustment unit is used for extracting a filter bandwidth setting parameter in the reconstruction configuration instruction and controlling upper and lower cutoff frequencies of an adjustable band-pass filter to match a bandwidth range corresponding to the target frequency band; The radio frequency channel switching unit is used for identifying a radio frequency switch control signal code in the reconstruction configuration instruction and calling corresponding control logic to switch a currently activated radio frequency path in the SDR system to a radio frequency receiving and transmitting link corresponding to the target frequency band; The link synchronization unit is used for sending a synchronization start code and a predefined training sequence through physical layer control logic after the frequency, filter and radio frequency channel are all configured to drive a communication opposite end to complete clock recovery and frame synchronization.

7. The multi-band dynamically reconfigurable switching system based on software defined radio according to claim 1, wherein, The verification data packet comprises a unique frame header identifier, a serial number and a check field.

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