Nuclear energy field HMI joint simulation method and system based on network communication

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear energy simulation, particularly provides a nuclear energy field HMI joint simulation method and system based on network communication, and aims to solve the problems that in the simulation process, data synchronization delay is high, an HMI designer cannot accurately map the internal state of a PLC, and a simulation result is distorted. In order to achieve the purpose, the simulation method is applied to the PLC simulator and comprises the steps that a simulation task sent by an HMI designer through a pre-developed service gateway is received, the simulation task comprises a simulation control program and a simulation test case set, and the simulation test case set is generated based on the simulation control program; the method comprises the steps of dynamically allocating computing resources for a simulation task on the basis of a predefined task resource scheduling file and the complexity of the simulation task, running a simulation control program on the basis of a simulation test case set, and sending a simulation result in the running process to an HMI designer through a service gateway every preset time interval. According to the invention, the data communication speed of the HMI designer and the PLC simulator can be obviously improved, and the simulation precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nuclear energy simulation technology, specifically to a co-simulation method and system for HMI in the nuclear energy field based on network communication. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of nuclear energy technology, the safety control of nuclear energy equipment has become increasingly important. The Human-Machine Interface (HMI), as a key link in the interaction between operators and the nuclear energy equipment control system, works in conjunction with a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) to ensure the safe operation of nuclear energy equipment.

[0003] However, traditional nuclear power HMI simulation systems mostly use Ethernet-based communication protocols (Modbus / TCP) for data transmission, resulting in data synchronization delays exceeding 100ms, which is insufficient to meet the real-time control requirements of nuclear power. In the nuclear energy field, even brief communication delays can lead to serious safety issues. Furthermore, data latency prevents HMI dynamic controls from accurately mapping the PLC's internal state, causing simulation distortion. In actual operation, operators need to understand the equipment's operating status in real time through the HMI interface and operate accordingly. If the HMI interface cannot accurately reflect the PLC's internal state, operators may make incorrect judgments, potentially leading to safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application proposes a network communication-based HMI co-simulation method and system for the nuclear energy field to address the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a network-based HMI co-simulation method for the nuclear energy field, applied to a PLC simulator. The method includes: receiving a simulation task sent by an HMI designer through a pre-developed service gateway; the simulation task includes a simulation control program and a set of simulation test cases, the set of simulation test cases being generated based on the simulation control program; dynamically allocating computing resources to the simulation task based on a predefined task resource scheduling file and the complexity of the simulation task; and running the simulation control program based on the set of simulation test cases, sending the simulation results during the running process to the HMI designer through the service gateway at preset time intervals.

[0006] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a network-based HMI co-simulation method for the nuclear energy field, applied to an HMI designer. The method includes: receiving simulation results sent by a PLC simulator through a pre-developed service gateway at preset time intervals; updating each three-dimensional simulated nuclear energy equipment model based on the simulation results using responsive data binding; the simulation results including the operating status information of each simulated nuclear energy equipment; determining the equipment status of each simulated nuclear energy equipment based on the operating status information of each simulated nuclear energy equipment using a finite state machine; the equipment status including normal status, alarm status, and fault status; loading and rendering each three-dimensional simulated nuclear energy equipment model, and displaying it.

[0007] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a network-based HMI co-simulation system for the nuclear energy field, comprising: a PLC simulator and an HMI designer, wherein the PLC simulator and the HMI designer communicate via a service gateway pre-developed based on Node.js; the HMI designer is used to send simulation tasks uploaded by users to the PLC simulator through the service gateway, wherein the simulation task includes a simulation control program and a set of simulation test cases, the set of simulation test cases being generated based on the simulation control program; the PLC simulator is used to receive the simulation task, and based on a predefined task resource scheduling file and the complexity of the simulation task, configure the simulation task... The system dynamically allocates computing resources; based on the set of simulation test cases, it runs the simulation control program, and at preset time intervals, sends the simulation results during the process to the HMI designer through the service gateway; the HMI designer is used to update each 3D simulated nuclear energy equipment model based on the simulation results through reactive data binding, the simulation results including the operating status information of each simulated nuclear energy equipment; using a finite state machine, it determines the equipment status of each simulated nuclear energy equipment based on the operating status information of each simulated nuclear energy equipment, the equipment status including normal status, alarm status, and fault status; it loads and renders each 3D simulated nuclear energy equipment model and displays it.

[0008] The technical solutions provided in this application embodiment have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0009] The simulation method of this application is applied to a PLC simulator. It includes receiving a simulation task sent by an HMI designer through a pre-developed service gateway. The simulation task includes a simulation control program and a set of simulation test cases. The set of simulation test cases is generated based on the simulation control program. Computational resources are dynamically allocated to the simulation task based on a predefined task resource scheduling file and the complexity of the simulation task. Based on the set of simulation test cases, the simulation control program is run. At preset time intervals, the simulation results during the process are sent to the HMI designer through the service gateway. This simulation method, by using a pre-developed service gateway to transmit communication data between the PLC simulator and the HMI designer, can significantly reduce data communication latency, improve communication efficiency, and meet the real-time control requirements of nuclear energy. Furthermore, by dynamically allocating computational resources to the simulation task through a predefined task resource scheduling file and the complexity of the simulation task, it can achieve reasonable allocation and efficient utilization of resources, improve resource utilization efficiency, reduce operating costs, and improve the execution efficiency of the simulation task.

[0010] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings.

[0012] In the attached diagram:

[0013] Figure 1 This paper illustrates a schematic diagram of a network communication-based HMI co-simulation system for the nuclear energy field, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0014] Figure 2 A flowchart of a network communication-based HMI co-simulation method for the nuclear energy field, as provided in an embodiment of this application, is shown.

[0015] Figure 3 A flowchart of another HMI co-simulation method in the nuclear energy field based on network communication, provided in an embodiment of this application, is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Exemplary embodiments of this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of this application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that this application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of this application and to fully convey the scope of this application to those skilled in the art.

[0017] With the continuous development of nuclear energy technology, the safety control of nuclear energy equipment has become increasingly important. Human-Machine Interface (HMI), as a key link in the interaction between operators and the nuclear energy equipment control system, works in conjunction with Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) to ensure the safe operation of nuclear energy equipment. However, traditional nuclear energy HMI simulation systems have the following shortcomings:

[0018] Low communication efficiency: Traditional nuclear energy HMI simulation systems mostly use Ethernet-based communication protocols (Modbus / TCP) for data transmission, resulting in data synchronization delays of over 100ms, which is insufficient to meet the real-time control requirements of nuclear energy. In the nuclear energy field, even brief communication delays can lead to serious safety issues.

[0019] The disconnect between the interface and control logic: Data delays prevent HMI dynamic controls from accurately mapping the PLC's internal state, leading to distorted simulation results. In actual operation, operators need to understand the equipment's operating status in real time through the HMI interface and operate accordingly. If the HMI interface cannot accurately reflect the PLC's internal state, operators may make incorrect judgments, potentially causing safety accidents. Therefore, achieving close collaboration between the HMI interface and PLC control logic is crucial for improving the safety of nuclear power equipment.

[0020] In addition, traditional nuclear energy HMI simulation systems also have the following drawbacks:

[0021] Insufficient test coverage: Manually designed test cases are difficult to cover all control flow paths, often posing significant security vulnerability risks. Nuclear power equipment has complex control logic, containing numerous conditional branches and loop structures. Manually designing test cases is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also struggles to ensure comprehensiveness. Any untested control flow paths can conceal security vulnerabilities, posing a threat to the safe operation of nuclear power equipment.

[0022] Furthermore, with the rapid development of industrial internet technology, the nuclear energy sector is actively exploring how to utilize advanced network communication, simulation, and automated testing technologies to improve the safety control level of nuclear energy equipment. However, currently, in the area of ​​joint simulation of nuclear energy HMI and PLC, there is no mature solution that can simultaneously address the aforementioned issues such as communication latency, interface-control logic disconnect, and insufficient test coverage. This significantly limits the further development of nuclear energy equipment safety control technology.

[0023] Based on this, embodiments of this application provide a network communication-based HMI co-simulation system for the nuclear energy field. See also Figure 1 As shown, the nuclear energy field HMI co-simulation system based on network communication belongs to a distributed simulation architecture, including a PLC simulator and an HMI designer. The PLC simulator and the HMI designer communicate through a service gateway pre-developed based on Node.js.

[0024] The nuclear energy field HMI co-simulation system based on network communication in this application adopts a distributed simulation architecture, separating the PLC simulator and the HMI designer and communicating through a service gateway. This greatly improves the overall performance and flexibility of the system, allowing each component to be developed and maintained independently, and facilitating expansion and upgrades.

[0025] Furthermore, the hardware configuration of this network-based nuclear energy HMI co-simulation system includes: deploying a server cluster with a main frequency of 2.5GHz, 16 cores and 32GB of memory, running a dual Windows / Linux system to meet the operational requirements of different software environments and ensure the efficient operation of the simulation system.

[0026] Furthermore, the software environment of this network-based nuclear energy HMI co-simulation system includes: an HMI designer: built on the Eclipse RCP framework and integrated with the Vue3 front-end rendering engine, leveraging the stability of the Eclipse RCP framework and the powerful responsiveness of Vue3 to achieve efficient design and dynamic updates of the HMI interface; a PLC simulator: using CoDeSys V3.5 SP17, supporting the IEC 61131-3 standard ST language to ensure that the PLC simulation conforms to industry standards and can accurately simulate the operating logic of the actual PLC; and a communication service gateway: an OPC UA service gateway developed based on Node.js, utilizing Node.js's high-performance network communication capabilities to achieve efficient data transmission between the HMI designer and the PLC simulator.

[0027] Furthermore, the network configuration of this nuclear energy HMI co-simulation system based on network communication includes: connecting the HMI designer and PLC simulator via gigabit Ethernet, and enabling the service gateway to use QoS (Quality of Service) policies to ensure communication priority, ensuring low latency and high reliability of data transmission, and meeting the needs of real-time nuclear energy control.

[0028] Furthermore, the nuclear energy HMI co-simulation system based on network communication uses Docker to encapsulate the HMI designer, PLC simulator, and communication service gateway into independent images, enabling their independent deployment and isolation, which facilitates subsequent maintenance and upgrades.

[0029] Furthermore, the network-based nuclear energy HMI co-simulation system initiates the MinIO object storage service to persist simulation results and log data, ensuring secure storage of simulation data and facilitating subsequent querying and analysis.

[0030] Based on the above implementation methods, in some modified implementation methods, the nuclear energy field HMI co-simulation system based on network communication also integrates a Kubernetes cluster. In Kubernetes, the application's runtime environment or computing resources for executing simulation tasks can be configured by defining deployment files (YAML format), including but not limited to resource quotas, container images, environment variables, etc.

[0031] By integrating a Kubernetes cluster and using Kubernetes to orchestrate simulation tasks, computing resources can be dynamically allocated and resource allocation can be automatically adjusted according to task complexity, which can effectively improve resource utilization efficiency and reduce operating costs.

[0032] See Figure 2 The flowchart illustrates a network-communication-based HMI co-simulation method for the nuclear energy field. This method is applied to the PLC simulator of the aforementioned network-communication-based nuclear energy HMI co-simulation system. The method specifically includes the following steps:

[0033] Step 101: Receive the simulation task sent by the HMI designer through the pre-developed service gateway. The simulation task includes a simulation control program and a set of simulation test cases, which are generated based on the simulation control program.

[0034] In this embodiment of the application, the pre-developed service gateway refers to a communication middleware that is pre-developed using Node.js and adopts the OPC UA (Open Platform Communications Unified Architecture) protocol, which is designed to connect the HMI designer and the PLC simulator, thereby enabling data interaction between the HMI designer and the PLC simulator.

[0035] In one implementation, when the pre-developed service gateway transmits simulation tasks to the PLC simulator, it can use the OPC UA protocol and simultaneously transmit via the WebSocket protocol.

[0036] This protocol combination is designed to provide a full-duplex communication channel. Once a WebSocket connection is established, the connection between the HMI designer and the PLC simulator can persist, effectively reducing the overhead of frequently establishing and closing connections. Because it's bidirectional communication, data can be transmitted quickly between the HMI designer and the PLC simulator, improving data transmission speed and significantly reducing data latency. Furthermore, the WebSocket protocol is relatively simple, reducing data transmission overhead and offering higher efficiency compared to the traditional HTTP request and response model.

[0037] Based on the above implementation, the service gateway uses a quality of service policy to manage network traffic during the communication process between the HMI designer and the PLC simulator.

[0038] Specifically, the service gateway includes an OPC UA server and an OPC UA client library. The OPC UA server is deployed on the PLC simulator and bound to a preset port number for listening, serving as the data publishing server. The preset port number can be set by those skilled in the art according to actual needs, or it can be obtained by adjusting an already set port number according to actual needs. This application does not impose specific limitations. For example, the preset port number can be 4840. The OPC UA client is installed in the HMI designer and initialized, i.e., the address of the OPC UA server deployed in the PLC simulator is configured, the QoS (Quality of Service) policy is configured, and the subscription variable address (e.g., ns=2; s= / ReactorCore / Temperature) is set, thereby enabling the HMI designer to subscribe to and receive data from the PLC simulator.

[0039] The subscription variable address refers to a unique address used to identify a specific variable or node so that the HMI designer can monitor the real-time data of that variable. These addresses allow the HMI designer to connect to the PLC simulator and receive updates about specific data points. A subscription variable address typically consists of the following parts: Namespace (NamespaceIndex): via ns= <index>This specifies the index of the namespace to which the node belongs. This helps distinguish nodes with the same name defined in different contexts or schemas. For example, ns=2 indicates that the node is in the context with namespace index 2; Identifier: via s= <identifier>i =<numeric_id> or g = <guid>The identifier is specified using the following formats: `s=` indicates that the identifier is a string, such as ` / ReactorCore / Temperature`; `i=` indicates that the identifier is a numeric ID; and `g=` indicates that the identifier is a GUID (Globally Unique Identifier). For example, in the above example "ns=2; s= / ReactorCore / Temperature": `ns=2` indicates that the node is under namespace index 2, `s= / ReactorCore / Temperature` specifies the complete path of the node, and indicates that the variable to be monitored is "the temperature of the reactor core".

[0040] The "subscription variable address" is a key element in the service gateway used to uniquely identify and access specific variables. It enables the HMI designer to effectively acquire real-time data from the PLC simulator, supporting various applications such as industrial automation, monitoring, and data integration, and achieving efficient communication and data interaction.

[0041] Based on the above embodiments, in some modified implementations, during data communication between the HMI designer and PLC simulator through a service gateway, the communication data can be encapsulated. By encapsulating the data into a unified JSON format, a consistent structure can be ensured for all data, facilitating subsequent processing and analysis, as the receiver can rely on fixed field names and data types to parse the information. Furthermore, JSON is a lightweight text format, easy to transmit and store over a network. After encapsulating the data into JSON, it can be easily sent to the HMI designer or PLC simulator via REST API, WebSocket, or other communication methods, ensuring data compatibility and readability. For example:

[0042] {

[0043] "nodeId":"ns=2; s= / ReactorCore / Pressure", / / Subscription variable address

[0044] "timestamp":"2023-10-01T12:00:00.000Z", / / Current timestamp

[0045] "value": 15.6, / / The actual value of the variable

[0046] "statusCode":"0x0000" / / 0x0000 indicates normal operation, 0x8000 indicates an alarm (converted to hexadecimal string)

[0047] }

[0048] Based on the above embodiments, in some modified implementations, during data communication between the HMI designer and the PLC simulator through a service gateway, the communication data between the HMI designer and the PLC simulator is compressed. Specifically, this may include: performing Delta encoding on the communication data to obtain first encoded data, and then performing Huffman encoding on the first encoded data to obtain compressed communication data. For example, the communication data is: 300, 301, 302, 301, 300. Delta encoding calculates the difference sequence: 0, 1, 1-, 1, -1; Huffman encoding encodes the difference sequence, assuming that the frequency of 0 is the highest, followed by 1, and -1 is the lowest, then shorter codes can be assigned to 0 and 1, and longer codes to -1.

[0049] By combining these two encoding methods, HMI designers or PLC simulators can effectively reduce redundant information and optimize data transmission efficiency when transmitting monitoring data from nuclear power equipment. Field tests show that the combined application of Huffman and Delta encoding reduces network bandwidth usage by 40%, improving communication efficiency and reducing communication costs, thus providing strong support for real-time monitoring and safety control of nuclear power equipment.

[0050] Based on the above embodiments, in some modified implementations, an abnormal state retransmission mechanism can be introduced in the service gateway during the interaction between the HMI designer and the PLC simulator. If the service gateway fails to receive an ACK response three times consecutively during the data interaction between the HMI designer and the PLC simulator, a data retransmission response is triggered to ensure the reliability and stability of data transmission and avoid security problems caused by data loss.

[0051] It should be noted that the ACK response in the service gateway refers to the mechanism in the OPC UA protocol used to acknowledge message reception. When the HMI designer sends a request to the PLC emulator, or the PLC emulator sends a request to the HMI designer, it sends an ACK response to confirm that the request has been successfully received.

[0052] The ACK response is one of the core mechanisms for a service gateway to achieve reliable communication. It ensures the success of data transmission by acknowledging the receipt of the message. The service gateway is responsible for managing this mechanism and providing error handling and retransmission logic to ensure the reliability and integrity of data under different network conditions.

[0053] Based on the above implementation methods, in some modified implementation methods, a set of simulation test cases is generated based on the simulation control program, including: constructing a simulation control flow graph using symbolic execution based on the simulation control program, traversing all paths in the simulation control flow graph, and extracting the constraints of all paths; solving the constraints of each path to obtain a set of simulation test cases. The set of simulation test cases includes multiple single-cycle simulation test cases, and each single-cycle simulation test case includes a simulation test case corresponding to any PLC state in the PLC state pool. The PLC state pool includes start-up state, running state, and stop state.

[0054] In this embodiment, the simulation control program can be ST language code of a PLC simulator. ANTLR4 (ANother Tool for Language Recognition) can be used to parse the simulation control program code, generate an abstract syntax tree (AST), and then identify key nodes (IF, CASE, WHILE, etc. statements) as control flow branch points, converting the AST into a simulation control flow graph (CFG), where nodes represent basic blocks and edges represent jump conditions.

[0055] Simulated control flow graphs can clearly represent the execution flow of simulated control programs, providing a basis for test case generation, helping to generate test cases that cover different control flow paths, and improving the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of testing.

[0056] Furthermore, all paths in the simulation control flow graph are traversed, and the constraints of all paths are extracted. Then, the Z3 solver in the SMT solver is used to solve the constraints of each path to obtain a set of simulation test cases.

[0057] Leveraging the powerful solving capabilities of the SMT solver, high-coverage test cases can be generated, improving the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of testing.

[0058] Based on the above implementation method, in some modified implementation methods, according to the combination order of each state in the PLC state pool, the single-cycle simulation test cases corresponding to each state are combined to generate a multi-cycle simulation test sequence set. The combination order includes start-up state - running state - shutdown state. Finally, the multi-cycle simulation test sequence set is used as the simulation test case set.

[0059] Single-cycle test cases are combined into multi-cycle sequences according to PLC state pools (such as start-up → running → shutdown) to cover complex scenarios such as nuclear power plant start-up and shutdown and fault recovery, simulating various working conditions in actual operation, and further improving the practicality and reliability of the test.

[0060] Step 102: Based on the predefined task resource scheduling file and the complexity of the simulation task, dynamically allocate computing resources to the simulation task.

[0061] In one implementation, Kubernetes can be used to dynamically allocate computing resources to simulation tasks based on predefined task resource scheduling files and the complexity of the simulation tasks.

[0062] By dynamically allocating resources according to the actual needs of the task, resource waste can be effectively avoided. For example, highly complex simulation tasks can receive more computing resources, which can significantly reduce the execution time of the simulation task and improve overall performance and response speed, while simple tasks require less computing resources. In addition, through automated resource management and scheduling, the operations and maintenance team can reduce manual intervention, thereby reducing management complexity and the risk of human error.

[0063] Step 103: Based on the set of simulation test cases, run the simulation control program and send the simulation results during the process to the HMI designer through the service gateway at preset time intervals.

[0064] In this embodiment, the preset time interval can be a time interval set by a person skilled in the art according to actual needs, or a time interval obtained by adjusting a set time interval according to actual needs. This application does not impose specific limitations. For example, the time interval can be 50 milliseconds.

[0065] The simulation results can include the operating status information of each simulated nuclear energy device. For example, the simulation results can include at least the temperature of the nuclear reactor, the pressure of the coolant, the radiation level detected by the radiation monitoring instrument, and so on.

[0066] Based on the above implementation methods, in some modified implementation methods, after running the simulation control program based on the simulation test case set, a simulation report in PDF format can also be generated, which includes test results, coverage data, and exception logs.

[0067] By generating simulation reports, users can be provided with detailed simulation analysis reports, which makes it easier for users to understand the simulation situation and make subsequent optimizations and improvements.

[0068] The simulation method of this application is applied to a PLC simulator. It includes receiving a simulation task sent by an HMI designer through a pre-developed service gateway. The simulation task includes a simulation control program and a set of simulation test cases. The set of simulation test cases is generated based on the simulation control program. Computational resources are dynamically allocated to the simulation task based on a predefined task resource scheduling file and the complexity of the simulation task. Based on the set of simulation test cases, the simulation control program is run. At preset time intervals, the simulation results during the process are sent to the HMI designer through the service gateway. This simulation method, by using a pre-developed service gateway to transmit communication data between the PLC simulator and the HMI designer, can significantly reduce data communication latency, improve communication efficiency, and meet the real-time control requirements of nuclear energy. Furthermore, by dynamically allocating computational resources to the simulation task through a predefined task resource scheduling file and the complexity of the simulation task, it can achieve reasonable allocation and efficient utilization of resources, improve resource utilization efficiency, reduce operating costs, and improve the execution efficiency of the simulation task.

[0069] See Figure 3 This application also provides a network communication-based HMI co-simulation method for the nuclear energy field, which is applied to the HMI designer of the aforementioned network communication-based nuclear energy field HMI co-simulation system.

[0070] Among them, the nuclear energy field HMI co-simulation system based on network communication also integrates a dynamic control library. This dynamic control library can be developed based on the Vue3 responsive framework, supporting two-way binding between variables in the PLC simulator and the interface attributes of the HMI designer. This enables real-time mapping between the interface elements of the HMI designer and the state of the PLC simulator, ensuring that the interface of the HMI designer can accurately reflect the actual operating status of the equipment.

[0071] Furthermore, this network-based nuclear energy HMI co-simulation system also integrates a 3D engine for visualizing the fault propagation of 3D equipment models. This 3D engine can be Babylon.js.

[0072] By integrating a 3D engine, the system can display the fault status of equipment using intuitive 3D models, helping operators quickly identify problems and improve emergency response capabilities. Moreover, the 3D engine supports various 3D effects such as lighting, materials, physics engine, particle system, and animation, enabling developers to create a variety of visual effects and enhance the user experience.

[0073] Furthermore, this network-based nuclear energy HMI co-simulation system also integrates a 3D graphics creation and rendering engine to realize real-time rotation, scaling, and material switching of 3D model controls. The 3D graphics creation and rendering engine can be Three.js.

[0074] By integrating this 3D graphics creation and rendering engine, the interactivity and user experience of the HMI designer interface can be enhanced, enabling operators to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the equipment's operation.

[0075] The simulation method specifically includes the following steps:

[0076] Step 201: At preset time intervals, receive the simulation results sent by the PLC simulator through the pre-developed service gateway. Based on the simulation results, update each 3D simulated nuclear energy equipment model through responsive data binding. The simulation results include the operating status information of each simulated nuclear energy equipment.

[0077] In this embodiment of the application, the simulation results may include the operating status information of each simulated nuclear energy device. For example, the simulation results may include at least the temperature of the nuclear reactor, the pressure of the coolant, the radiation level detected by the radiation monitoring instrument, and so on.

[0078] By updating 3D simulation nuclear energy equipment models through responsive data binding, it is ensured that the 3D model can reflect the latest simulation results in a timely manner. When the simulator sends new operating status information through the service gateway, the bound data will be automatically updated, thus displaying the current status of the equipment in real time. This helps operators quickly identify potential problems and take corresponding measures. Moreover, responsive design makes the user interface more intuitive and smooth. Operators do not need to manually refresh or reload the page; the model will automatically reflect status changes, enhancing the interactive experience and reducing the workload of operators. Furthermore, using responsive data binding can simplify code management during development. By separating data from the view, developers can more easily maintain and update the code. When the data changes, the view will automatically update, reducing the complexity of manually updating the model.

[0079] Step 202: Using a finite state machine, determine the equipment status of each simulated nuclear energy device based on the operating status information of each simulated nuclear energy device. The equipment status includes normal status, alarm status, and fault status.

[0080] In this embodiment, under normal conditions: each simulated nuclear energy equipment control displays a default color and animation (such as a green gradient), indicating that the equipment is operating normally; under alarm conditions: each simulated nuclear energy equipment control triggers a flashing effect (frequency 2Hz) and pushes a notification to the log system to remind operators to pay attention to the equipment status; under fault conditions: each simulated nuclear energy equipment control operation is locked, a red static icon is displayed, and an audible and visual alarm is triggered to ensure that operators can detect equipment faults in a timely manner.

[0081] Furthermore, if any of the simulated nuclear energy equipment controls malfunction, the system can first transition from a normal state to an alarm state and trigger an audible and visual alarm. If the audible and visual alarm persists for a preset duration without being cleared, the system will then transition to a fault state. The preset duration can be set according to actual needs, for example, a preset duration of 10 seconds.

[0082] This state transition mechanism enables automatic switching of the control states of various simulated nuclear energy equipment, accurately reflecting the operating status of the equipment.

[0083] Step 203: Load and render each 3D simulated nuclear energy equipment model, and then display it.

[0084] In one implementation, a 3D graphics creation and rendering engine can be used to load, render, and display various three-dimensional simulated nuclear energy equipment models. For example, the three-dimensional simulated nuclear energy equipment model could be a reactor valve, etc.

[0085] Furthermore, users can display tooltips when hovering the mouse over the cursor, which include real-time data and status descriptions, providing more detailed information.

[0086] Furthermore, users can double-click on the controls of each 3D simulated nuclear energy equipment model to bring up a parameter configuration panel, which supports manually overriding simulation results (available only in debug mode), facilitating debugging and optimization.

[0087] Furthermore, users can define keyframe animations, such as rotating a reactor valve (0°→90°) in 0.5 seconds using the ease-out function to make the animation effect more natural and smooth.

[0088] Based on the above implementation methods, in some modified implementation methods, particle effects are rendered for the 3D simulated nuclear energy equipment model based on the equipment status of the model. For example, a fault state triggers particle effects (such as sparks flying), and GPU-accelerated rendering is achieved through shaders to enhance visual effects and help operators more intuitively identify equipment faults.

[0089] Experimental data shows that loading, rendering, and manipulating various 3D simulation nuclear energy equipment models using a 3D graphics creation and rendering engine can increase the speed at which operators can identify faults by 25%.

[0090] The simulation method of this application embodiment is applied to an HMI designer. By receiving simulation results sent by a PLC simulator through a pre-developed service gateway at preset time intervals, and updating each 3D simulated nuclear energy equipment model based on the simulation results through responsive data binding, the HMI designer can update the 3D simulated nuclear energy equipment models in real time. This helps operators to promptly grasp the equipment's operating status and quickly respond to potential problems, thereby improving operational efficiency and safety. Furthermore, through responsive data binding, users do not need to manually refresh the interface; the 3D model automatically reflects the latest equipment status, enhancing the user experience and making operation more intuitive and user-friendly, reducing the cognitive burden on users. Using a finite state machine, the equipment status of each simulated nuclear energy equipment is determined based on its operating status information. The 3D simulated nuclear energy equipment models are then loaded, rendered, and displayed, clearly representing the equipment's operating status. This helps users quickly understand the current status and changes of the equipment, rapidly identify the root cause of faults, and shorten troubleshooting time.

[0091] The above embodiments of this application provide a network communication-based HMI co-simulation system for the nuclear energy field, comprising: a PLC simulator and an HMI designer. The PLC simulator and the HMI designer communicate through a service gateway pre-developed based on Node.js. The HMI designer is used to send simulation tasks uploaded by users to the PLC simulator through the service gateway. The simulation task includes a simulation control program and a set of simulation test cases, the set of simulation test cases being generated based on the simulation control program. The PLC simulator is used to receive the simulation task and, based on a predefined task resource scheduling file and the complexity of the simulation task, configure the simulation task... The system dynamically allocates computing resources; based on the set of simulation test cases, it runs the simulation control program, and at preset time intervals, sends the simulation results during the process to the HMI designer through the service gateway; the HMI designer is used to update each 3D simulated nuclear energy equipment model based on the simulation results through reactive data binding, the simulation results including the operating status information of each simulated nuclear energy equipment; using a finite state machine, it determines the equipment status of each simulated nuclear energy equipment based on the operating status information of each simulated nuclear energy equipment, the equipment status including normal status, alarm status, and fault status; it loads and renders each 3D simulated nuclear energy equipment model and displays it.

[0092] The nuclear energy field HMI co-simulation system based on network communication provided in this application embodiment is based on the same inventive concept as the nuclear energy field HMI co-simulation method based on network communication provided in the above embodiment, and has the same beneficial effects as the methods used, operated or implemented therein.

[0093] It should be noted that:

[0094] The algorithms and displays provided herein are not inherently related to any particular computer, virtual device, or other equipment. Various general-purpose devices can also be used in conjunction with the teachings herein. The required structure for constructing such devices is apparent from the above description. Furthermore, this application is not directed to any particular programming language. It should be understood that the content of this application described herein can be implemented using various programming languages, and the above description of specific languages ​​is for the purpose of disclosing the best mode of implementation of this application.

[0095] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of this application may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0096] Similarly, it should be understood that, in order to simplify this application and aid in understanding one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the above description of exemplary embodiments of this application, various features of this application are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this method of disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that the claimed application requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the following claims, inventive aspects lie in fewer than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into that detailed description, wherein each claim itself is a separate embodiment of this application.

[0097] Those skilled in the art will understand that modules in the device of the embodiments can be adaptively changed and placed in one or more devices different from that embodiment. Modules, units, or components in the embodiments can be combined into a single module, unit, or component, and further, they can be divided into multiple sub-modules, sub-units, or sub-components. Except where at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive, any combination can be used to combine all features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device so disclosed. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature that serves the same, equivalent, or similar purpose.

[0098] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features but not others included in other embodiments, combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of this application and form different embodiments. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

[0099] The various component embodiments of this application can be implemented in hardware, or as software modules running on one or more processors, or a combination thereof. Those skilled in the art will understand that microprocessors or digital signal processors (DSPs) can be used in practice to implement some or all of the functions of some or all of the components in the virtual machine creation apparatus according to the embodiments of this application.

[0100] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative of this application and not limiting of it, and that those skilled in the art can devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses should not be construed as limiting the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. This application can be implemented by means of hardware comprising several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc., does not indicate any order. These words can be interpreted as names.

[0101] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.< / guid> < / identifier> < / index>

Claims

1. A co-simulation method for HMI in the nuclear energy field based on network communication, characterized in that, Applied to a PLC simulator, the method includes: The system receives simulation tasks sent by the HMI designer through a pre-developed service gateway. The simulation tasks include a simulation control program and a set of simulation test cases, which are generated based on the simulation control program. Based on a predefined task resource scheduling file and the complexity of the simulation task, computing resources are dynamically allocated to the simulation task. Based on the set of simulation test cases, the simulation control program is run, and at preset time intervals, the simulation results during the process are sent to the HMI designer through the service gateway.

2. The nuclear energy field HMI co-simulation method based on network communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The communication data between the HMI designer and the PLC simulator is compressed, including: The communication data is subjected to incremental encoding to obtain the first encoded data; The first encoded data is subjected to Huffman coding to obtain compressed communication data.

3. The nuclear energy field HMI co-simulation method based on network communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The service gateway uses a quality of service policy to manage network traffic during communication between the HMI designer and the PLC simulator.

4. The nuclear energy field HMI co-simulation method based on network communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulation test case set is generated based on the simulation control program, including: Based on the simulation control program, a simulation control flow graph is constructed using symbolic execution. All paths in the simulation control flow graph are traversed, and the constraints of all paths are extracted. The constraints of each path are solved to obtain a set of simulation test cases. The set of simulation test cases includes multiple single-cycle simulation test cases. Each single-cycle simulation test case includes a simulation test case corresponding to any PLC state in the PLC state pool. The PLC state pool includes start-up state, running state, and stop state.

5. The nuclear energy field HMI co-simulation method based on network communication according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: According to the combination order of each state in the PLC state pool, the single-cycle simulation test cases corresponding to each state are combined to generate a multi-cycle simulation test sequence set. The combination order includes start-up state - running state - shutdown state. The set of multi-period simulation test sequences is used as the set of simulation test cases.

6. A co-simulation method for HMI in the nuclear energy field based on network communication, characterized in that, Applied to an HMI designer, the method includes: At preset time intervals, the simulation results sent by the PLC simulator through a pre-developed service gateway are received. Based on the simulation results, each three-dimensional simulation nuclear energy equipment model is updated through responsive data binding. The simulation results include the operating status information of each simulation nuclear energy equipment. Using a finite state machine, the equipment status of each of the simulated nuclear energy devices is determined based on the operating status information of each of the simulated nuclear energy devices. The equipment status includes normal status, alarm status, and fault status. The three-dimensional simulation nuclear energy equipment models are loaded, rendered, and displayed.

7. The nuclear energy field HMI co-simulation method based on network communication according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on the equipment status of the 3D simulated nuclear energy equipment model, corresponding particle effects are rendered for the 3D simulated nuclear energy equipment model.

8. A network-communication-based HMI co-simulation system for the nuclear energy field, characterized in that, include: A PLC simulator and an HMI designer, wherein the PLC simulator and the HMI designer communicate through a service gateway pre-developed based on Node.js; The HMI designer is used to send the simulation task uploaded by the user to the PLC simulator through the service gateway. The simulation task includes a simulation control program and a set of simulation test cases, and the set of simulation test cases is generated based on the simulation control program. The PLC simulator is used to receive the simulation task and dynamically allocate computing resources to the simulation task based on a predefined task resource scheduling file and the complexity of the simulation task. Based on the set of simulation test cases, the simulation control program is run, and at preset time intervals, the simulation results during the process are sent to the HMI designer through the service gateway. The HMI designer is used to update each three-dimensional simulated nuclear energy equipment model based on the simulation results through responsive data binding. The simulation results include the operating status information of each simulated nuclear energy equipment. Using a finite state machine, the equipment status of each simulated nuclear energy device is determined based on its operating status information. The equipment status includes normal status, alarm status, and fault status. The three-dimensional simulated nuclear energy device models are then loaded, rendered, and displayed.

9. The nuclear energy field HMI co-simulation system based on network communication according to claim 8, characterized in that, The service gateway introduces an abnormal state retransmission mechanism so that if the service gateway fails to receive an ACK response three times consecutively during the data interaction between the HMI designer and the PLC simulator, it will trigger a data retransmission response.

10. The nuclear energy field HMI co-simulation system based on network communication according to claim 8, characterized in that, The simulation system also includes a Kubernetes cluster; The Kubernetes cluster is used to dynamically allocate computing resources to the simulation task based on the complexity of the simulation task.

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