Planting method for guiding growth of main root system of forest tree and improving survival rate

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for guiding the growth of a main root system of a forest tree and improving the survival rate. The planting method comprises the steps of digging a planting pit, digging a guiding pit, applying a bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer, placing a dry corn cob core, placing a hollow plastic pipe, applying a root-promoting base fertilizer, backfilling soil, planting the forest tree, arranging a water collecting ring and topdressing. According to the method, a water collecting ring, a main root guide pit and a hollow plastic pipe are cooperatively arranged, a bag-controlled slow release fertilizer and a dry corn cob core are placed in the guide pit, and then a root-promoting fertilizer is applied to promote root system cell division. Water collected by the water collecting ring is drained to the guiding pit through the hollow plastic pipe and is absorbed and stored by the dry corn cob core. The root system is guided to grow downwards to absorb nutrients and moisture at the bottom of the guiding pit by utilizing the water and fertilizer tendency of the root system, so that the growth of the main root system is promoted, the stability and stress resistance of the forest are improved, the toppling is prevented, the planting survival rate is finally improved, and additional fertilizer can be applied from a plastic pipe opening.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of forestry planting, and relates to a planting method for guiding the growth of main root systems of forest trees and improving survival rate. BACKGROUND

[0002] Plantation forest is a forest cultivated by artificial seeding, planting, or cutting and other methods and technical measures. Plantation forest is cultivated by certain purposes and requirements and forest species needed by people, and intensive management measures such as selection of fine seeds, suitable trees for suitable sites, moderate density, and tending management are generally adopted. However, in the actual transplanting process, the main root system of seedlings is cut off, and the substrate for seedling raising is damaged, resulting in insufficient supply of water and nutrients. At the same time, in the transplanting environment, there are often phenomena such as soil hardening and shallow soil layer, which makes it difficult for the main root system of plantation forest to grow downward and absorb nutrients such as phosphorus and zinc with low content and high nutrient density in the deep soil. The poor growth of the main root system of the forest tree not only relates to the stability of the tree, but also directly affects the absorption of water and nutrients and the overall health status. Therefore, a planting method for guiding the growth of the main root system of the forest tree and improving the survival rate is developed, which aims to improve the growth of the main root system of the forest tree by reasonable planting methods and means, provide sufficient support for plantation forest, not prone to lodging, and improve the survival rate, adapt to different environmental and climatic conditions, so as to ensure the planting yield and economic benefit of plantation forest, protect environmental resources, better play the role of plantation forest in forestry and ecological construction, and realize the sustainable development of agriculture and forestry.

[0003] 1. The existing plantation forest planting technology is:

[0004] (1) Foundation pit excavation

[0005] The foundation pit of plantation forest should be a open pit, and the specification of the foundation pit is: the diameter is 50 cm, and the pit depth is 50 cm. The excavated soil is piled beside the planting pit for standby. The excavation time is completed before November of the year before afforestation.

[0006] (2) Application of base fertilizer

[0007] The base fertilizer is applied first. According to the local soil conditions and climate characteristics, the appropriate base fertilizer is selected, and 500g of base fertilizer is applied per hole one month before afforestation. The base fertilizer is evenly spread on the bottom of each planting hole, and the surface soil is backfilled to 1 / 3 depth of the planting pit and fully mixed with the base fertilizer in the pit. After mixing, the soil excavated beside the planting pit is backfilled into the pit, and the surface of the pit is concave, which is easy to collect water and convenient for later planting and improves the survival rate.

[0008] (3) Planting of forest trees

[0009] Under the condition of ensuring the survival rate of seedlings, it is recommended to cultivate seedlings in situ, plant in situ and use light substrate container seedlings. From February to March every year, the most suitable afforestation season is after rain or light rain. When planting, a 15cm small pit is first dug in the planting pit, the artificial forest container seedlings are placed in the center of the planting pit, then the seedlings are righted and covered with soil, the soil covering should be 2cm higher than the substrate surface of the container seedlings, the surrounding is compacted, and finally, a 2cm thick layer of loose soil is covered. If it is a dry day, water should be sprayed in time to fix the roots. When planting, attention should be paid not to plant the seedlings on the base fertilizer to prevent the roots of the seedlings from contacting the fertilizer and causing fertilizer damage, which affects the survival rate. When planting, attention should also be paid to root expansion and compaction to allow the roots to be closely combined with the soil.

[0010] (4) Supplementary planting

[0011] After 5-15 days of planting, the survival rate is checked in time, and seedlings are supplemented in time to ensure the survival rate of afforestation in the current year.

[0012] (5) Fertilization

[0013] The first time of fertilization should be carried out one month after the artificial forest is transplanted. A 30cm long*20cm wide*15cm deep trench is dug at a distance of 40cm from the young tree, 0.25kg of compound fertilizer is applied in the trench, and the soil is covered. In the second year, fertilization is carried out again in March-April, and 0.5kg of compound fertilizer is applied per plant. In the third year and the fourth year, each is fertilized once, and 0.8kg of compound fertilizer is applied per plant to promote the rapid growth of the artificial forest. The fertilization method is the same as the first time of fertilization, but the fertilization position is not the same place each time.

[0014] 2. Defects and deficiencies of the prior art: (1) The fertilizer is directly applied to the soil, and the fertilizer is easily lost when it encounters rain, which is a serious waste and causes environmental pollution; (2) The fertilizer is directly applied to the soil, and the phosphorus nutrients are easily fixed by the soil and are not easily absorbed by crops; (3) The fertilizer is only applied to the surface soil layer near the tree, the shallow root system grows well, the main root system is not developed to provide sufficient support, and the plant is prone to lodging, which affects the survival rate. SUMMARY

[0015] The present application provides a planting method for guiding the growth of main root system of forest trees and improving the survival rate, which aims to place bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer and dry corn cob core on the guide pit by setting water collection ring, main root guide pit and hollow plastic pipe, and then apply root-promoting base fertilizer to promote root cell division. The water collected by the water collection tank is drained to the guide pit through the hollow plastic pipe and is stored by the dry corn cob core. The water and fertilizer nutrients at the bottom of the guide pit are absorbed by the downward growth of the water-seeking and fertilizer-seeking root system of the forest tree, thereby promoting the growth of the main root system of the forest tree and improving the stability and stress resistance, avoiding tilting, and finally improving the survival rate of planting. The fertilizer can be applied from the plastic pipe opening.

[0016] To achieve the above technical purposes, the application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0017] A planting method for guiding the growth of main root system of forest trees and improving survival rate, comprising the following steps:

[0018] (1) Planting pit digging: digging a planting pit before afforestation, and piling the dug soil beside the planting pit for standby;

[0019] (2) Guiding pit digging: digging a guiding pit downward at the center position of the bottom of the planting pit;

[0020] (3) Bag controlled slow-release fertilizer placement: placing bag controlled slow-release fertilizer at the bottom of the guiding pit before planting the seedling;

[0021] (4) Dry corn cob core placement: placing a dry corn cob core into the guiding pit and above the bag controlled slow-release fertilizer;

[0022] (5) Hollow plastic tube placement: placing a hollow plastic tube upright beside the guiding pit, and the lower end of the plastic tube is provided with a small hole;

[0023] (6) Root promoting base fertilizer placement: mixing chitin fertilizer and organic fertilizer with part of the soil dug from the planting pit, and backfilling the mixed soil into the gap of the guiding pit and the planting pit;

[0024] (7) Soil covering backfilling: covering the remaining soil dug from the planting pit on the root promoting base fertilizer;

[0025] (8) Forest tree planting: digging a small pit at the center of the planting pit, placing the seedling in the center of the small pit, backfilling soil and compacting;

[0026] (9) Water collecting ring setting: setting a ring-shaped groove at a certain distance from the center of the seedling;

[0027] (10) Topdressing: applying topdressing through the hollow plastic tube in the growing season after planting.

[0028] Preferably, the length, width and depth of the planting pit in step (1) are all 40-50 cm, and the digging is completed in October-December of the year before afforestation.

[0029] Preferably, the diameter of the guiding pit in step (2) is 8-12 cm, and the depth is 40-50 cm.

[0030] Preferably, the amount of bag controlled slow-release fertilizer placed in step (3) is 400-600 g, and the placement is performed 1-3 weeks before planting.

[0031] Preferably, the diameter of the hollow plastic tube in step (5) is 8-12 cm, the length is 55-65 cm, and the top is 1-3 cm lower than the surface of the planting pit.

[0032] Preferably, the amount of chitin fertilizer in step (6) is 150-250g, and the amount of organic fertilizer is 700-900g.

[0033] Preferably, the total nutrient content of the chitin fertilizer is ≥4%, the organic matter is ≥30%, and the water content is ≤30%; the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer is ≥30%, and the total nutrient content is ≥4.0%.

[0034] Preferably, the diameter of the small pit in step (8) is 12-18cm, and the depth is 12-18cm, and the planting is carried out after the rain in February-April.

[0035] Preferably, the annular groove in step (9) is 10-20cm away from the center of the seedling, and is 1-3cm lower than the surface of the planting pit.

[0036] Preferably, the amount of resin coated slow-release fertilizer used in step (10) is 0.4-0.6kg, and the application is carried out in March-May of the second year after planting.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art include:

[0038] (1) The present application sets a guide pit, which guides the main root system to grow downward through the water and fertilizer seeking properties of the root system.

[0039] (2) The plastic pipe provided in the present application can form a fine gap by using the thermal expansion and cold shrinkage characteristics of the plastic pipe and the soil, and the collected rainwater can be stored in the guide pit through the fine gap, and the seedling topdressing can be poured from the plastic pipe opening, which reduces the production cost and improves the work efficiency.

[0040] (3) The dry corn cob core placed in the present application is mainly composed of cellulose, starch and lignin, and has a relatively low density and a porous structure inside, which can provide a large space to rapidly absorb water in the soil and store it during the rainy season, and can provide water to the trees during drought, assist the release of nutrients of the bag controlled slow-release fertilizer, and after degradation, can improve the soil structure and provide nutrients to the trees as organic fertilizer.

[0041] (4) The present application has high fertilizer utilization rate and less loss, which protects the soil health and crop quality.

[0042] (5) The bag controlled slow-release fertilizer in the present application is buried at the bottom of the guide pit. When the main root system of the tree needs nutrients, it extends to the place where the bag controlled fertilizer is buried deep, and absorbs the nutrients, thereby promoting the growth of the main root system of the tree and improving the survival rate.

[0043] (6) the fertilizer utilization rate is significantly improved, after technical fertilization, the fertilizer nutrient loss is reduced by more than 38.5%. The average length of the main root system of the forest tree obtained by the planting method of the application reaches 58.1 cm, which is 12.6 cm longer than the average length of the main root system of the forest tree obtained by the prior art (45.5 cm); the survival rate, tree height growth and ground diameter growth of the forest tree obtained by the planting method of the application are at least 35.4%, 36.2% and 66.7% higher than those of the prior art respectively; the tree height growth reaches 115.8 cm, which is 36.2% higher than that of the prior art; the ground diameter growth reaches 2.0 cm, which is 66.7% higher than that of the prior art, which fully shows that compared with the prior art, the forest tree planting method of the application has significant progress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the planting method of the application;

[0045] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of planting pit digging of the application;

[0046] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of planting of the application;

[0047] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of root system late growth of the application;

[0048] In the figure: 1, original soil layer; 2, planting pit; 3, guide pit. 4, forest tree; 5, water collection ring; 6, original soil covering layer; 7, root-promoting base fertilizer; 8, dry corn cob core; 9, 500g bag controlled-release fertilizer; 10, hollow plastic pipe; 11, main root system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The application will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments, and the flow of the planting method of the application is shown in Figure 1 It should be emphasized that the following description is only exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope of the application and its application.

[0050] A planting method for guiding the growth of main root system of forest tree and improving survival rate, comprising the following steps:

[0051] (1) planting pit digging: complete digging of the planting pit before afforestation, and pile the dug soil beside the planting pit for standby;

[0052] (2) guide pit digging: dig a guide pit downward at the center position of the bottom of the planting pit;

[0053] (3) bag controlled-release fertilizer application: place the bag controlled-release fertilizer at the bottom of the guide pit before planting the seedling;

[0054] (4) dry corn cob core placement: place the dry corn cob core into the guide pit and above the bag controlled-release fertilizer;

[0055] (5) Hollow plastic tube placement: the hollow plastic tube is placed vertically along the edge of the guide pit, and a small hole is opened at the lower end of the plastic tube;

[0056] (6) Root-promoting base fertilizer placement: chitin fertilizer and organic fertilizer are mixed with part of the soil dug out from the planting pit, and then backfilled into the gap of the guide pit and the planting pit after uniform mixing;

[0057] (7) Soil covering and backfilling: the remaining soil dug out from the planting pit is covered on the root-promoting base fertilizer;

[0058] (8) Tree planting: a small pit is dug in the center of the planting pit, the seedling is placed in the center of the small pit, and the soil is backfilled and compacted;

[0059] (9) Water collection ring setting: an annular groove is set at a distance from the center of the seedling;

[0060] (10) Fertilizer application: in the growing season after planting, the hollow plastic tube is used to apply fertilizer.

[0061] In step (1), the length, width and depth of the planting pit are all 40-50 cm, and the digging is completed in October-December of the year before afforestation.

[0062] In step (2), the diameter of the guide pit is 8-12 cm, and the depth is 40-50 cm.

[0063] In step (3), the amount of bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer applied is 400-600 g, and the application is performed 1-3 weeks before planting.

[0064] In step (5), the diameter of the hollow plastic tube is 8-12 cm, the length is 55-65 cm, and the top is 1-3 cm lower than the surface of the planting pit.

[0065] In step (6), the amount of chitin fertilizer is 150-250 g, and the amount of organic fertilizer is 700-900 g.

[0066] The total nutrient content of the chitin fertilizer is ≥4%, the organic matter is ≥30%, and the water content is ≤30%; the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer is ≥30%, and the total nutrient content is ≥4.0%.

[0067] In step (8), the diameter of the small pit is 12-18 cm, the depth is 12-18 cm, and the planting is performed in 2-4 months after the rain.

[0068] In step (9), the annular groove is 10-20 cm away from the center of the seedling, and is 1-3 cm lower than the surface of the planting pit.

[0069] In step (10), 0.4-0.6 kg of resin-coated slow-release fertilizer is used for fertilizer application, which is performed in March-May of the second year after planting.

[0070] The preparation method of the bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0071] S1: eucalyptus residual branches and leaves, reed rods and pine residual branches and leaves are crushed and mixed to prepare an outer layer of kraft paper, and the mass ratio of the eucalyptus residual branches and leaves, reed rods and pine residual branches and leaves is 5:3:2;

[0072] S2: during the preparation of the non-woven fabric, 50% of polypropylene, 20% of polyester, 20% of polypropylene and 10% of 850-mesh calcium carbonate are added to prepare an inner layer of non-woven fabric material with a long slow-release period;

[0073] S3: the outer layer of kraft paper prepared in S1 and the inner layer of non-woven fabric material prepared in S2 are uniformly heat sealed by a heat sealing machine group, the heat sealing temperature is 300 DEG C, and a fertilizer packaging material with a slow-release period of 15 months is prepared;

[0074] S4: according to the nutrient ratio: N-P2O5-K2O, 11-11-8, urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, borax, ferrous sulfate and magnesium hydroxide are taken according to the raw material ratio of 0.15:0.25:0.14:0.01:0.02:0.005:0.425 to prepare a special fertilizer for forest trees;

[0075] S5: the eucalyptus special fertilizer prepared in step S4 is packaged with the fertilizer packaging material with a long slow-release period prepared in step S3 to prepare a bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer with a slow-release period of 15 months and a weight of 500g per bag.

[0076] The technical principle of the present application is:

[0077] The present application sets the bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer and dry corn cob core on the guide pit by setting the water collection ring, the main root guide pit and the hollow plastic pipe, applies the root promoting base fertilizer in the guide pit gap and the planting pit, improves the soil structure, keeps the root oxygen flow, and promotes the root cell division. The water collection ring is set to collect water, the hollow plastic pipe is set to drain the water to the guide pit through the gap between the soil and the hollow plastic pipe and store the water by the dry corn cob core. The water and fertilizer seeking property of the forest root system is utilized to grow downward to absorb the fertilizer nutrients and water at the bottom of the guide pit, so that the forest main root system growth is promoted and the stability and stress resistance are improved, the toppling is avoided, and finally the planting survival rate is improved. When the fertilizer is applied, the fertilizer can be applied from the plastic pipe opening.

[0078] The technical principle of the bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer preparation of the present application is:

[0079] The preparation of the bag controlled slow-release fertilizer mainly includes three core parts: one is the preparation of the outer layer of kraft paper, two is the preparation of the inner layer of non-woven fabric material, three is the preparation of the bag packaging composite material, and four is the preparation of the special fertilizer for forest trees. The outer layer composite material technology controls the dissolution rate and nutrient release rate of the fertilizer by the barrier of the outer packaging material, the decomposition degree of the outer layer of kraft paper and the proportion of calcium carbonate added in the inner layer of non-woven fabric, realizes the slow release of fertilizer efficiency, further prolongs the fertilizer efficiency period, and prevents the loss of fertilizer at the same time.

[0080] (I) Detailed content

[0081] 1. Preparation of the outer layer of kraft paper (step S1)

[0082] The eucalyptus residual leaves, reed rods and pine residual leaves are crushed and mixed to prepare the outer layer of kraft paper. The mass ratio of the eucalyptus residual leaves, reed rods and pine residual leaves is 5:3:2. After crushing and mixing, the outer layer of kraft paper is prepared by papermaking process to adapt to the slow-release nutrient use of the fertilizer. The eucalyptus residual leaves, reed rods and pine residual leaves are crushed and mixed to prepare the outer layer of kraft paper. The strength, toughness and corrosion resistance of the outer layer material are ensured, that is, the degradation time of the outer layer of kraft paper is controlled, and the nutrient release time of the fertilizer is also controlled, and the cost is reduced.

[0083] 2. Preparation of the inner layer material (step S2)

[0084] During the preparation of the non-woven fabric, 50% of polypropylene, 20% of polyester, 20% of polypropylene and 10% of 1200 mesh calcium carbonate are taken to prepare the inner layer of non-woven fabric material with long slow-release period. The non-woven fabric is prepared by non-woven fabric manufacturing process to adapt to the slow-release nutrient use of the fertilizer. The amount of calcium carbonate added is optimized and selected, which needs to be strictly controlled. First, it ensures that the inner layer material has good physical properties; second, it can control the degradation time of the non-woven fabric and the nutrient release rate.

[0085] 3. Preparation of the bag packaging composite material (step S3)

[0086] The outer layer of kraft paper prepared in S1 and the inner layer of non-woven fabric material prepared in S2 are uniformly heat sealed by a heat sealing machine at a temperature of 280-320℃ to prepare a fertilizer packaging material. The selection of heat sealing temperature needs to consider the melting point and thermal stability of the material to ensure the heat sealing quality and material performance.

[0087] 4. Preparation of the special fertilizer for forest trees (step S4)

[0088] According to the nutrient ratio: N-P2O5-K2O, 11-11-8, take urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, borax, ferrous sulfate, magnesium hydroxide according to the raw material ratio of 0.15:0.25:0.14:0.01:0.02:0.005:0.425 to prepare the special fertilizer for forest trees.

[0089] 5. Preparation of forest bag controlled slow-release fertilizer (Step S5)

[0090] The forest special fertilizer prepared in Step S4 is packaged with the fertilizer packaging material prepared in Step S3 to produce a forest bag controlled slow-release fertilizer.

[0091] A. Fertilizer components and their roles

[0092] 1) Urea (0.15 parts): As the main nitrogen source, urea can provide the necessary nitrogen for eucalyptus trees, promoting leaf growth and photosynthesis, thereby increasing biomass.

[0093] 2) Diammonium phosphate (0.25 parts): Provides phosphorus, which is an important component of plant cell walls and nucleic acids, and is essential for root development and energy metabolism.

[0094] 3) Potassium chloride (0.14 parts): Provides potassium elements, which have a significant impact on plant stress resistance, fruit quality, and yield.

[0095] 4) Zinc sulfate heptahydrate (0.01 parts): An inorganic compound that dissolves in water and has antibacterial properties. It is used to protect crops from fungi and bacteria, improving crop yield and quality.

[0096] 5) Borax (0.02 parts): Provides boron elements, which have an effect on the growth and elongation of crop roots, enhancing crop stress resistance.

[0097] 6) Ferrous sulfate (0.005 parts): Supplements iron elements, which play an important role in plant growth and development, and can also control soil pH.

[0098] 7) Magnesium hydroxide (0.345 parts): Can adjust soil acidity and alkalinity, improve soil environment, and provide magnesium elements, improving forest yield and quality.

[0099] B. The necessity of controlling the amount

[0100] Controlling the amount of fertilizer is crucial for improving fertilizer efficiency and promoting forest growth. Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer may lead to rapid growth of forest trees, reduced quality, and increased risk of pests and diseases. Excessive use of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers may also cause soil compaction and salinization, affecting normal plant growth. Therefore, reasonable control of the amount of each fertilizer component can ensure normal growth and development of forest trees, and avoid waste of fertilizer and environmental pollution.

[0101] C. Technical principle

[0102] The fertilizer formula is based on the growth needs of the main root system of forest trees and the soil environment. By scientifically proportioning each fertilizer component, balanced nutrition supply is achieved. The addition of ferrous sulfate can supplement iron elements, which plays an important role in promoting the growth and development of the main root system of plants, and can also control the pH value of the soil.

[0103] In summary, the fertilizer formula has significant advantages in improving the growth of forest trees and promoting the growth of the main root system. By scientifically proportioning each fertilizer component and accurately controlling the dosage, balanced nutrition supply and improvement of the soil environment can be achieved, providing strong protection for the healthy growth and yield improvement of forest trees.

[0104] (II) Conclusion

[0105] The preparation technology of bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer involves multiple steps and parameter control. By accurately controlling the formula and process parameters of each step, bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer with excellent performance can be prepared. The fertilizer has the advantages of long-lasting fertilizer effect, balanced nutrient release rate with the growth needs of forest trees, less nutrient loss, and less environmental pollution, and has broad application prospects in modern agricultural and forestry production.

[0106] In order to make the present disclosure more complete, the following will be described by more specific examples.

[0107] Example 1:

[0108] A planting method for guiding the growth of the main root system of forest trees and improving the survival rate, comprising the following steps:

[0109] (1) Planting pit excavation: excavate the planting pit before afforestation, and pile the excavated soil beside the planting pit for standby;

[0110] (2) Guide pit excavation: excavate a guide pit downward at the center position of the bottom of the planting pit;

[0111] (3) Bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer placement: place the bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer at the bottom of the guide pit before planting the seedling;

[0112] (4) Dry corn cob core placement: place the dry corn cob core into the guide pit and above the bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer;

[0113] (5) Hollow plastic tube placement: place the hollow plastic tube vertically against the side of the guide pit, and the lower end of the plastic tube is provided with a small hole;

[0114] (6) Root-promoting base fertilizer placement: mix chitin fertilizer and organic fertilizer with part of the soil excavated from the planting pit, and then backfill the mixed soil into the gap of the guide pit and the planting pit;

[0115] (7) Soil covering and backfilling: cover the remaining soil excavated from the planting pit on the root-promoting base fertilizer;

[0116] (8) Planting of forest trees: a small pit is dug in the center of the planting pit, the seedling is placed in the center of the small pit, the soil is backfilled and compacted;

[0117] (9) Setting of water collection ring: an annular groove is set at a distance from the center of the seedling;

[0118] (10) Topdressing: topdressing is applied through a hollow plastic tube in the growing season after planting.

[0119] In step (1), the length, width and depth of the planting pit are all 40 cm, and the digging is completed in October one year before afforestation.

[0120] In step (2), the diameter of the guide pit is 8 cm, and the depth is 40 cm.

[0121] In step (3), the amount of bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer applied is 400 g, and the application is performed one week before planting.

[0122] In step (5), the diameter of the hollow plastic tube is 8 cm, the length is 55 cm, and the top is 1 cm lower than the surface of the planting pit.

[0123] In step (6), the amount of chitin fertilizer is 150 g, and the amount of organic fertilizer is 700 g.

[0124] The total nutrient content of the chitin fertilizer is ≥4%, the organic matter is ≥30%, and the water content is ≤30%; the organic matter content of the organic fertilizer is ≥30%, and the total nutrient content is ≥4.0%.

[0125] In step (8), the diameter of the small pit is 12 cm, the depth is 12 cm, and the planting is performed after the rain in February.

[0126] In step (9), the annular groove is 10 cm away from the center of the seedling, and is 1 cm lower than the surface of the planting pit.

[0127] In step (10), the topdressing uses 0.4 kg of resin-coated slow-release fertilizer, and is performed in March of the second year after planting.

[0128] The preparation method of the bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer comprises the following steps:

[0129] S1: The eucalyptus residual leaves, reed rods and pine residual leaves are crushed and mixed to form an outer layer of kraft paper, and the mass ratio of the eucalyptus residual leaves, reed rods and pine residual leaves is 5:3:2;

[0130] S2: In the process of preparing the non-woven fabric, 50% of polypropylene, 20% of polyester, 20% of polypropylene and 10% of 850-mesh calcium carbonate are added to prepare an inner layer of non-woven fabric material with a long slow-release period;

[0131] S3: the outer layer of kraft paper prepared in S1 and the inner layer of non-woven fabric material prepared in S2 are uniformly heat sealed by a heat sealing machine, and the temperature of heat sealing is 300 DEG C, to prepare a fertilizer packaging material with a slow release period of 15 months;

[0132] S4: according to the nutrient ratio: N-P2O5-K2O, 11-11-8, taking urea, diammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, zinc sulfate heptahydrate, borax, ferrous sulfate, magnesium hydroxide according to the raw material ratio of 0.15:0.25:0.14:0.01:0.02:0.005:0.425, a special fertilizer for forest trees is prepared;

[0133] S5: the eucalyptus special fertilizer prepared in step S4 is packaged with the long slow release period fertilizer packaging material prepared in step S3 to prepare a bag controlled slow release fertilizer with a slow release period of 15 months and a weight of 500g per bag.

[0134] Example 2:

[0135] A planting method for guiding the growth of main root system of forest trees and improving survival rate, comprising the following steps: same as example 1.

[0136] In step (1), the length, width and depth of the planting pit are all 42 cm, and the digging is completed in November of the year before afforestation.

[0137] In step (2), the diameter of the guide pit is 9 cm, and the depth is 42 cm.

[0138] In step (3), the application amount of bag controlled slow release fertilizer is 450g, and the application is performed 2 weeks before planting.

[0139] In step (5), the diameter of the hollow plastic pipe is 9 cm, and the length is 58 cm, and the top is 2 cm lower than the surface of the planting pit.

[0140] In step (6), the amount of chitin fertilizer is 180g, and the amount of organic fertilizer is 750g.

[0141] In step (8), the diameter of the small pit is 14 cm, and the depth is 14 cm, and the planting is performed after the rain in March.

[0142] In step (9), the annular groove is 12 cm away from the center of the seedling, and is 2 cm lower than the surface of the planting pit.

[0143] In step (10), the amount of 0.45kg resin coated slow release fertilizer is used for topdressing, and the topdressing is performed in April of the second year after planting.

[0144] The preparation method of the bag controlled slow release fertilizer is the same as example 1.

[0145] Example 3:

[0146] A planting method for guiding the growth of main root system of forest trees and improving survival rate, comprising the following steps: same as example 1.

[0147] The length, width and depth of the planting pit in step (1) are all 45 cm, and the digging is completed in December of the year before afforestation.

[0148] The diameter of the guiding pit in step (2) is 10 cm, and the depth is 45 cm.

[0149] The application amount of the bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer in step (3) is 500 g, and the application is performed 2 weeks before planting.

[0150] The diameter of the hollow plastic tube in step (5) is 10 cm, the length is 60 cm, and the top is 2 cm lower than the surface of the planting pit.

[0151] The amount of chitin fertilizer in step (6) is 200 g, and the amount of organic fertilizer is 800 g.

[0152] The diameter of the small pit in step (8) is 15 cm, the depth is 15 cm, and the planting is performed after rain in March.

[0153] The annular groove in step (9) is 15 cm away from the center of the seedling, and is 2 cm lower than the surface of the planting pit.

[0154] The amount of the resin-coated slow-release fertilizer used for topdressing in step (10) is 0.5 kg, and the topdressing is performed in April of the second year after planting.

[0155] The preparation method of the bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer is the same as that in Example 1.

[0156] Example 4:

[0157] A planting method for guiding the growth of main root systems of forest trees and improving the survival rate, comprising the following steps: the same as Example 1.

[0158] The length, width and depth of the planting pit in step (1) are all 48 cm, and the digging is completed in November of the year before afforestation.

[0159] The diameter of the guiding pit in step (2) is 11 cm, and the depth is 48 cm.

[0160] The application amount of the bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer in step (3) is 550 g, and the application is performed 3 weeks before planting.

[0161] The diameter of the hollow plastic tube in step (5) is 11 cm, the length is 62 cm, and the top is 3 cm lower than the surface of the planting pit.

[0162] The amount of chitin fertilizer in step (6) is 220 g, and the amount of organic fertilizer is 850 g.

[0163] The diameter of the small pit in step (8) is 16 cm, the depth is 16 cm, and the planting is performed after rain in April.

[0164] The annular groove in step (9) is 18 cm from the center of the seedling and 3 cm below the surface of the planting pit.

[0165] The amount of the bag controlled slow release fertilizer in step (3) is 600 g, and is applied 3 weeks before planting.

[0166] The preparation method of the bag controlled slow release fertilizer is the same as that in Example 1.

[0167] Example 5:

[0168] A planting method for guiding the growth of main root system of forest trees and improving survival rate, comprising the following steps: the same as in Example 1.

[0169] The length, width and depth of the planting pit in step (1) are all 50 cm, and the digging is completed in December of the year before afforestation.

[0170] The diameter of the guiding pit in step (2) is 12 cm, and the depth is 50 cm.

[0171] The amount of the bag controlled slow release fertilizer in step (3) is 600 g, and is applied 3 weeks before planting.

[0172] The diameter of the hollow plastic tube in step (5) is 12 cm, and the length is 65 cm, and the top is 3 cm below the surface of the planting pit.

[0173] The amount of the chitin fertilizer in step (6) is 250 g, and the amount of the organic fertilizer is 900 g.

[0174] The diameter of the small pit in step (8) is 18 cm, and the depth is 18 cm, and the planting is performed after rain in April.

[0175] The annular groove in step (9) is 20 cm from the center of the seedling and 3 cm below the surface of the planting pit.

[0176] The amount of the bag controlled slow release fertilizer in step (10) is 0.6 kg, and is applied in May of the second year after planting.

[0177] The preparation method of the bag controlled slow release fertilizer is the same as that in Example 1.

[0178] Performance index test:

[0179] 1. Test method:

[0180] Test site: typical afforestation land is selected, the soil is sandy loam, the pH value is 6.5-7.0, the annual average temperature is 15-20℃, and the annual precipitation is 800-1000 mm.

[0181] Test design: randomized block design, each example is a treatment group, 10 seedlings per group (seedling variety is poplar), and a control group is set (traditional planting method is used, i.e. no guide pit, bag controlled slow-release fertilizer, etc.).

[0182] Measurement index:

[0183] Survival rate: the survival percentage of seedlings after 12 months of planting.

[0184] Main root length: the vertical length (cm) of the main root is measured after the seedlings are dug out.

[0185] Root dry weight: after washing the roots, drying at 105℃ until constant weight, measuring the dry weight (g).

[0186] Tree height growth: the net growth amount (cm) of tree height after 12 months of planting.

[0187] Ground diameter growth: the net growth amount (cm) of ground diameter (diameter at 10 cm from the ground) after 12 months of planting.

[0188] Data collection: after all data measurement, the average value is taken, and one decimal place is retained.

[0189] 2. Test results

[0190] The performance index test results of examples 1-5 and the control group are shown in Table 1:

[0191]

[0192] 3. Data comparison and analysis:

[0193] From the test results, it can be seen that:

[0194] Survival rate: the survival rate of all examples is higher than that of the control group (65.0%), among which example 3 is the highest (88.0%), which is increased by 23.0% compared with the control group. The survival rate of examples 1-5 varies with the parameters, and the parameters of example 3 are the best.

[0195] Main root length: the main root length of example 3 is the longest (62.1 cm), which is increased by 36.5% compared with the control group (45.5 cm). Other examples are also significantly better than the control group, which shows that the guide pit and bag controlled slow-release fertilizer effectively promote the downward growth of the main root system.

[0196] Root dry weight: the root dry weight of example 3 is the largest (175.4 g), which is increased by 45.6% compared with the control group (120.5 g). This shows that the method of the present application promotes the accumulation of root biomass and enhances the fixation and nutrient absorption capacity of trees.

[0197] Tree height growth: Example 3 had the highest tree height growth (115.8 cm), which was 36.2% higher than the control group (85.0 cm). Other examples also showed similar trends, but were related to parameters, such as larger planting pits and appropriate root-promoting base fertilizers were beneficial for growth.

[0198] Ground diameter growth: Example 3 had the largest ground diameter growth (2.0 cm), which was 66.7% higher than the control group (1.2 cm). Ground diameter growth reflects the overall health of the tree, and the method of the present application indirectly promotes the growth of the aboveground part by improving root development. Root growth is related to factors such as Figure 4 as shown.

[0199] Overall, Example 3 performed best in most indicators, but Example 4 was slightly lower than Example 3 in survival rate and tree height growth. Example 5 had larger parameters (such as planting pits 50 cm), but the effect was not as good as Example 3, possibly due to excessive fertilization or reduced space utilization efficiency.

[0200] 4. Theoretical analysis:

[0201] In combination with theory, the significant progress of the present application technology mainly lies in the following aspects:

[0202] Guiding pit and bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer: By setting up guiding pits, the water-seeking and fertilizer-seeking properties of the main root system of forest trees are utilized to guide the root system to grow downward. Bag-controlled slow-release fertilizer slowly releases nutrients, avoiding root burning, and combined with dry corn cob cores, it stores water in the rainy season and provides water in drought, extending the utilization time of water and nutrients (such as the significant increase in main root length and root dry weight in Example 3).

[0203] Hollow plastic pipe and water collection ring: Hollow plastic pipes use the principle of thermal expansion and contraction to create gaps, guiding the seepage of accumulated water to the guiding pit, and water collection rings reduce water runoff, improving water use efficiency (such as higher survival rate and tree height growth in Example 3).

[0204] Root-promoting base fertilizer: Chitin fertilizer and organic fertilizer are used in combination to improve soil structure, promote microbial proliferation and root cell division (such as significant increase in root dry weight and ground diameter growth in Example 3).

[0205] Parameter optimization: The parameters of Example 3 (such as planting pits 45 cm, guiding pits 10 cm, etc.) achieve a balance between space and nutrient supply, avoiding excessive or insufficient supply, thereby achieving the best results.

[0206] Compared with the control group, the method of the present application significantly improves the survival rate and growth performance of forest trees through comprehensive measures, proving its technological advancement and practicality.

[0207] The above description, in conjunction with specific embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various substitutions or modifications can be made to these described embodiments without departing from the inventive concept, and all such substitutions or modifications should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0208] Although the invention and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the processes, methods, and steps described in the specification. From the disclosure of this invention, those skilled in the art will readily utilize existing or future processes, methods, steps that substantially perform the same function or achieve the same results as the corresponding embodiments described herein. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to cover such processes, methods, steps.

Claims

1. A method for guiding the growth of a main root system of a forest tree and increasing the survival rate, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: (1) planting pit digging: digging the planting pit before afforestation, and piling the dug soil beside the planting pit for standby; (2) guiding pit digging: digging a guiding pit downwards at the center position of the bottom of the planting pit; (3) bag controlled slow-release fertilizer application: placing the bag controlled slow-release fertilizer at the bottom of the guiding pit before the seedling planting; (4) dry corn cob core placement: placing the dry corn cob core into the guiding pit and above the bag controlled slow-release fertilizer; (5) hollow plastic tube placement: placing the hollow plastic tube upright beside the guiding pit, and the lower end of the plastic tube is provided with a small hole; (6) root promoting base fertilizer application: mixing the chitin fertilizer and the organic fertilizer with part of the soil dug from the planting pit, backfilling the mixed mixture into the gap of the guiding pit and the planting pit after uniform mixing; (7) soil covering backfilling: covering the remaining soil dug from the planting pit on the root promoting base fertilizer; (8) afforestation: digging a small pit at the center of the planting pit, placing the seedling in the center of the small pit, and backfilling and compacting the soil; (9) water collecting ring setting: setting a ring-shaped groove at a distance from the center of the seedling; (10) topdressing: applying topdressing through the hollow plastic tube in the growing season after planting.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, In step (1), the length, width and depth of the planting pit are all 40-50 cm, and the digging is completed in October-December of the year before afforestation.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step (2), the diameter of the guiding pit is 8-12 cm, and the depth is 40-50 cm.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step (3), the application amount of the bag controlled slow-release fertilizer is 400-600 g, and the application is performed 1-3 weeks before planting.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step (5), the diameter of the hollow plastic tube is 8-12 cm, the length is 55-65 cm, and the top is 1-3 cm lower than the surface of the planting pit.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step (6), the amount of the chitin fertilizer is 150-250 g, and the amount of the organic fertilizer is 700-900 g.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method is characterized by, The total nutrient content of the chitin fertilizer is ≥4%, the organic matter is ≥30%, and the water content is ≤30%; the organic matter mass fraction of the organic fertilizer is ≥30%, and the total nutrient mass fraction is ≥4.0%.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step (8), the diameter of the small pit is 12-18 cm, the depth is 12-18 cm, and the planting is performed in 2-4 months after rain.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step (9), the ring-shaped groove is 10-20 cm away from the center of the seedling, and is 1-3 cm lower than the surface of the planting pit.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by. In step (10), 0.4-0.6 kg of resin coated slow-release fertilizer is used for topdressing, and the topdressing is performed in March-May of the second year after planting.

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