Multi-layer composite wrapped high-temperature-resistant anti-aging cable

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cables, and discloses a multi-layer composite wrapped high-temperature-resistant anti-aging cable which sequentially comprises a conductor, an insulating cable core, a shielding layer, an outer insulating layer, a fireproof layer, a heat insulation layer, a buffer cushion layer, an armor layer, an anti-aging layer and an outer sheath layer from inside to outside. The fireproof layer is formed by alternately laminating synthetic mica tapes and ceramic boron silicone rubber tapes, a reliable fireproof barrier is formed, and the heat insulation layer is arranged to achieve efficient heat insulation and stable structure through cooperation of gradient pore nano aerogel, ceramic silicone rubber round rods and phase change capsules. The buffering cushion layer is combined with the composite layer, the aluminum oxide hollow ball array and the composite capsule, so that the mechanical buffering and auxiliary heat insulation functions are achieved; the armor layer is woven by stainless steel fibers, the mechanical protection capability is improved, and the anti-aging layer is of a double-layer structure composed of montmorillonite composite fluororubber and an anti-oxidation layer, so that thermal oxidation aging is delayed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cable, in particular to a multi-layer composite wrapping high-temperature-resistant and anti-aging cable. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the core carrier of power transmission, the high-temperature resistance and anti-aging ability of power cable directly determine the long-term stable operation of power system. In high-temperature operation scenes such as metallurgy and chemical industry, and in outdoor environments that are long-term exposed to sunlight and oxidation, the requirements for high-temperature resistance and anti-aging of the cable are particularly strict.

[0003] For the above and existing related technologies, the inventors believe that the following defects often exist: the high-temperature-resistant layer of traditional cable is mostly made of single material, which is easy to be deformed and decomposed under the action of continuous high temperature, resulting in failure of the high-temperature-resistant layer, direct exposure of the internal conductor, and further causing short circuit, open circuit and other faults, which seriously affects the continuity of power transmission. The outer protective material of the existing cable has limited anti-ultraviolet and anti-chemical corrosion ability, and is easy to crack and become brittle after long-term use, so that the internal structure of the cable loses effective protection and the overall aging process of the cable is accelerated, greatly shortening its service life. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the multi-layer composite wrapping high-temperature-resistant and anti-aging cable in the prior art has the defects of high-temperature resistance and anti-aging. Therefore, we propose a multi-layer composite wrapping high-temperature-resistant and anti-aging cable.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the application adopts the following technical scheme: the multi-layer composite wrapping high-temperature-resistant and anti-aging cable comprises, from inside to outside, a conductor, each conductor is coated with an inner insulation layer to form an insulated cable core; a shielding layer coated outside the conductor, the shielding layer is composed of a copper wire mesh and an aluminum foil, the copper wire mesh improves the mechanical strength, and the aluminum foil strengthens the electromagnetic shielding effect and can effectively block external electromagnetic interference; an outer insulation layer coated outside the shielding layer, the outer insulation layer is made of a composite material of modified cross-linked polyethylene and nano silicon dioxide; a fire-resistant layer coated outside the outer insulation layer; a heat insulation layer coated outside the fire-resistant layer, the heat insulation layer is internally provided with a plurality of annularly distributed heat insulation components, the heat insulation components are filled with gradient porosity nano aerogel and doped with alumina ceramic fibers, a ceramicized silicone rubber rod is arranged at the center of the heat insulation layer, adjacent gaps between the heat insulation components and the ceramicized silicone rubber rod are filled with phase change capsules, and the phase change capsules are sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate eutectic salts encapsulated by alumina.

[0006] Preferably, the fire-resistant layer is composed of a synthetic mica tape and a ceramicized borosilicon rubber tape, the mica tape is an outer layer, and the ceramicized borosilicon rubber tape is an inner layer, the mica tape is coated with borosilicon resin on both sides, and the thickness of the ceramicized borosilicon rubber tape is 0.3-0.5 mm.

[0007] Preferably, the armor layer is made of stainless steel fiber woven material, and the diameter of the stainless steel fiber is 0.1-0.2 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the anti-aging layer comprises montmorillonite composite fluororubber coated outside the armor layer, the montmorillonite composite fluororubber is coated with an antioxidant layer outside, the antioxidant layer is composed of hindered phenolic antioxidant and montmorillonite particles, the composite particles of the antioxidant layer are uniformly dispersed and solidified to form a continuous coating, and the montmorillonite composite fluororubber itself has weather resistance and mechanical strength.

[0009] Preferably, the inner layer of the gradient porosity nano aerogel of the heat insulation layer has a higher porosity than the outer layer, the inner layer porosity of the gradient porosity nano aerogel is 85%, the outer layer porosity of the gradient porosity nano aerogel is 65%, and the outer layer porosity is 65%.

[0010] Preferably, the ceramicized silicone rubber round stick has a bending radius greater than its own diameter at room temperature, and has flexibility and high temperature rigidity, and the ceramicized silicone rubber round stick is sintered into ceramic at high temperature.

[0011] Preferably, the phase change capsule has a phase change point of 220 DEG C, and can buffer high temperature impact through phase change endothermic.

[0012] Preferably, the buffer pad layer is composed of ceramicized silicone rubber and basalt fiber.

[0013] Preferably, the alumina hollow sphere has a density of less than or equal to 1.5 g / cm3, and a temperature resistance of greater than or equal to 1800 DEG C.

[0014] Preferably, the alumina hollow sphere array improves light weight and thermal insulation, and the expanded vermiculite silicone rubber composite capsule is used for adjacent gaps, and can seal the gaps through expansion effect at a temperature above 200 DEG C.

[0015] Technical effects and advantages of the present application: in the present application, the gradient nanoporous aerogel and alumina ceramic fiber are filled in the heat insulation layer through the gradient nanoporous aerogel and alumina ceramic fiber, the center ceramicized silicone rubber round stick is supported, and the phase change capsule is filled in the gap, so that the effect of efficiently blocking heat conduction and buffering local high temperature impact is achieved, and the structure is not collapsed at high temperature, and the adaptability of the cable in the extreme high temperature environment is significantly improved; the buffer pad layer is composed of ceramicized silicone rubber and basalt fiber, and the alumina hollow sphere honeycomb array and the expanded vermiculite silicone rubber composite capsule are cooperated, so that the effects of absorbing external mechanical impact and sealing the gap are achieved, and the temperature rise is inhibited, and the ability of the cable to resist mechanical damage and thermal stress erosion is effectively improved; the anti-aging layer is composed of montmorillonite and fluorine rubber, and the anti-aging design of the anti-oxidation layer is released, so that the effects of delaying thermal oxidative aging and resisting environmental erosion are achieved, and the service life of the cable in harsh working conditions is greatly improved, and long-term stable operation is realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] The disclosure of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are only for illustrative purposes, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts: Fig. 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall layered three-dimensional structure of the present application; Fig. 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall bird's eye view three-dimensional structure of the present application; Fig. 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall list display three-dimensional structure of the present application; Fig. 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall front view structure of the present application; Fig. 5 It is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the heat insulation layer of the present application; Fig. 6 It is a three-dimensional enlarged structure schematic diagram of the buffer pad layer of the present application.

[0017] Legend: 1, conductor; 2, shielding layer; 3, outer insulation layer; 4, fire-resistant layer; 5, thermal insulation layer; 51, thermal insulation component; 52, ceramified silicone rubber round rod; 53, phase change capsule; 6, cushion pad layer; 61, composite layer; 62, alumina hollow sphere; 63, composite capsule; 7, armored layer; 8, anti-aging layer; 81, montmorillonite composite fluororubber; 82, antioxidant layer; 9, outer sheath layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] It is easy to understand that, according to the technical solution of the present application, those skilled in the art can propose a variety of structures and implementation methods that can be replaced with each other without changing the essential spirit of the present application. Therefore, the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings are only exemplary descriptions of the technical solution of the present application, and should not be considered as the whole or as a limitation or restriction of the technical solution of the present application.

[0019] Reference Figs. 1-6 As shown, the present application provides a technical solution: a multi-layer composite wrapped high-temperature-resistant and anti-aging cable, which comprises, from inside to outside, a conductor 1, each conductor 1 is coated with an inner insulation layer to form an insulated cable core; a shielding layer 2, coated outside the conductor 1, the shielding layer 2 is composed of copper wire mesh and aluminum foil, the copper wire mesh improves the mechanical strength, and the aluminum foil strengthens the electromagnetic shielding effect, which can effectively block external electromagnetic interference; an outer insulation layer 3, coated outside the shielding layer 2, the outer insulation layer 3 uses a composite material of modified cross-linked polyethylene and nano silicon dioxide, the nano particles can improve the insulation stability and mechanical strength at high temperature; a fire-resistant layer 4, coated outside the outer insulation layer 3; a thermal insulation layer 5, coated outside the fire-resistant layer 4, the thermal insulation layer 5 is internally provided with a plurality of annularly distributed thermal insulation components 51, the thermal insulation components 51 are filled with gradient porosity nano aerogel and doped with alumina ceramic fiber, the thermal insulation layer 5 is provided with a ceramified silicone rubber round rod 52 at the center, the adjacent gaps between the thermal insulation components 51 and the ceramified silicone rubber round rod 52 are filled with phase change capsules 53, and the phase change capsules 53 are sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate eutectic salts encapsulated by alumina; a cushion pad layer 6, coated outside the thermal insulation layer 5, the cushion pad layer 6 comprises a composite layer 61 coated on the cushion pad layer 6, the composite layer 61 uses a composite material of ceramified silicone rubber and basalt fiber, the composite layer 61 is filled with alumina hollow spheres 62 in the middle, the alumina hollow spheres 62 are arranged in an array, the adjacent gaps between the alumina hollow spheres 62 are filled with composite capsules 63, and the composite capsules 63 are expanded vermiculite silicone rubber; an armored layer 7, coated outside the cushion pad layer 6; an anti-aging layer 8, coated outside the armored layer 7; and an outer sheath layer 9, coated outside the anti-aging layer 8, the outer sheath layer 9 uses nano-enhanced rubber, and is embedded with a graphene carbon nanotube composite heat-conducting net to accelerate heat dissipation; a heat dissipation pattern is arranged on the surface to increase the heat dissipation area, and the cable has the properties of chemical corrosion resistance and ultraviolet resistance.

[0020] Reference Figs. 1-6As shown, in the present embodiment: the fire-resistant layer 4 is composed of a synthetic mica tape and a ceramicized borosilicone rubber tape, the mica tape is the outer layer, and the ceramicized borosilicone rubber tape is the inner layer, the mica tape is double-sided coated with borosilicone resin, and the thickness of the ceramicized borosilicone rubber tape is 0.3-0.5 mm.

[0021] The armored layer 7 is made of stainless steel fiber woven material, the diameter of the stainless steel fiber woven wire is 0.1-0.2 mm, which can improve the mechanical impact resistance and extrusion resistance of the cable and protect the inner structure.

[0022] The anti-aging layer 8 includes montmorillonite composite fluororubber 81 coated on the outside of the armored layer 7, and the outside of the montmorillonite composite fluororubber 81 is coated with an antioxidant layer 82 composed of hindered phenolic antioxidant and montmorillonite particles. The composite particles of the antioxidant layer 82 are uniformly dispersed and solidified into a continuous coating. The layered structure of montmorillonite can block the migration of hindered phenolic antioxidant, achieve slow release of anti-aging components, and montmorillonite composite fluororubber 81 itself has weather resistance and mechanical strength, which synergistically acts with the antioxidant layer 82 to specifically delay the thermal oxidative aging of the cable caused by high temperature and ultraviolet light, significantly prolonging the service life of the cable.

[0023] The inner layer porosity of the gradient porosity nanometer aerogel of the thermal insulation layer 5 is higher than the outer layer. The inner layer porosity of the gradient porosity nanometer aerogel is 85%, which is extremely heat-insulating. The outer layer porosity of the gradient porosity nanometer aerogel is 65%, which is a strong support.

[0024] The ceramicized silicone rubber round rod 52 has a bending radius greater than its own diameter at room temperature, which balances flexibility and high-temperature rigidity. The ceramicized silicone rubber round rod 52 is sintered into ceramic at high temperature, ensuring structural stability.

[0025] The phase change capsule 53 has a phase change point of 220°C, which can buffer high-temperature impact through phase change endothermic.

[0026] The buffer pad layer 6 is composed of ceramicized silicone rubber and basalt fiber, which has room temperature elasticity, can absorb mechanical impact, and has high-temperature fire resistance.

[0027] The alumina hollow sphere 62 has a density of ≤1.5 g / cm³ and a temperature resistance of ≥1800°C.

[0028] The array of alumina hollow spheres 62 improves lightweight and thermal insulation, and the expanded vermiculite silicone rubber composite capsule 63 is used when adjacent gaps, which can seal the gap above 200°C through the expansion effect, and inhibit temperature rise through paraffin phase change endothermic.

[0029] Working principle: the innermost layer of the cable is the conductor 1 and the insulated cable core, the conductor 1 is twisted by multiple strands of silver-plated oxygen-free copper, the silver-plated layer can reduce the oxidation and contact resistance of the conductor 1, and improve the conductivity efficiency, each conductor 1 is coated with a polyimide film with a temperature resistance of 260°C or above as an outer insulation layer, the film is wound in a semi-overlapping manner to form an insulated cable core, which can realize stable conduction and ensure electrical isolation between the conductor 1 and the external structure, and still maintain stable insulation performance at 280°C high temperature, laying a foundation for the electrical safety of the cable; the conductor 1 is coated with a shielding layer 2, which adopts a composite structure of copper wire braided mesh plus aluminum foil, the copper wire braided mesh selects oxygen-free copper wire with a diameter of 0.15mm, and the braiding density is more than 90%, which can improve the mechanical strength of the shielding layer 2; the aluminum foil is attached to the inner side of the copper wire braided mesh, which can strengthen the electromagnetic shielding effect through metal reflection, effectively block external electromagnetic interference, and ensure the stability of cable signal or power transmission; the shielding layer 2 is coated with an outer insulation layer 3, which adopts a composite material of modified cross-linked polyethylene and nano silicon dioxide, and is formed by melt extrusion process, with a thickness of 1.2mm, the nano silicon dioxide particles are uniformly dispersed in the cross-linked polyethylene matrix, which can inhibit the thermal motion of molecular chains at high temperature, improve the high temperature insulation stability and tensile strength of the outer insulation layer 3, and meet the insulation requirements under high temperature working conditions; the outer insulation layer 3 is coated with a fire-resistant layer 4, which is an alternating laminated structure of synthetic mica tape and ceramic borosilicon rubber tape, with a total thickness of 0.8mm, the inner layer is ceramic borosilicon rubber tape with a thickness of 0.4mm, which has the flexibility of rubber at room temperature and quickly sintered into a dense ceramic layer when exposed to fire above 300°C; the outer layer is synthetic mica tape with a thickness of 0.4mm, coated with borosilicon resin on both sides, which can block the spread of flames by using the layered structure of mica tape to form a reliable fire barrier; the fire-resistant layer 4 is coated with a heat insulation layer 5, which is the core heat insulation part 51 of the cable, including annular heat insulation parts 51 distributed uniformly in the circumferential direction, a central ceramic silicon rubber rod 52 and phase change capsules 53 filled in the gaps; the heat insulation part 51 is filled with gradient porosity nano aerogel, with a porosity of 85% in the inner layer and 65% in the outer layer, and doped with alumina ceramic fibers, the high porosity in the inner layer realizes extreme heat insulation, the low porosity in the outer layer strengthens the structure support, and the ceramic fibers improve the high temperature crack resistance of the aerogel; the ceramic silicon rubber rod 52 has a diameter of 4mm, good bending performance at room temperature, suitable for complex wiring, and sintered into ceramic at high temperature above 300°C, providing rigid support for the heat insulation part 51; the phase change capsules 53 are sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate eutectic salt microcapsules packaged in an alumina shell, which can effectively buffer local high temperature impact through phase change heat absorption, control the temperature inside the heat insulation layer 5 below 250°C, and realize efficient heat insulation and structural stability; the heat insulation layer 5 is coated with a buffer pad layer 6, including a composite layer 61, an array of alumina hollow spheres 62 and composite capsules 63 filled in the gaps, the composite layer 61 adopts a composite material of ceramic silicon rubber and basalt fiber, which is molded by molding, has good elasticity and tensile properties at room temperature, and can absorb external mechanical impact; the alumina hollow spheres 62 are arranged in a honeycomb array, with a density of 1.5 grams per cubic centimeter or less, temperature resistance 1800 DEG C or more, hollow structure reduces heat conduction while achieving lightweight; composite capsule 63 is an expanded vermiculite silicone rubber composite microcapsule containing paraffin phase change core material, the silicone rubber provides elastic filling at room temperature, the expanded vermiculite expands to seal the gap at high temperature 200 DEG C or more, the paraffin phase change absorbs heat to further inhibit temperature rise, through mechanical buffering and auxiliary heat insulation function, effectively resisting external impact and thermal stress; the outside of the buffer pad layer 6 is coated with an armor layer 7, which is woven from 304 stainless steel fibers with a wire diameter of 0.15 mm and a weaving pitch of 1.8 times the width, and an overlap rate of 15%, the structure makes the armor layer 7 have an impact strength of 10 kilojoules per square meter or more, which can effectively resist external mechanical scratches and extrusion, and protect the integrity of the inner layer insulation layer 5 and the buffer pad layer 6; the outside of the armor layer 7 is coated with an anti-aging layer 8, the inner layer is montmorillonite composite fluororubber 81, which tightly covers the armor layer 7, and the montmorillonite enhances the weather resistance and mechanical strength of the montmorillonite composite fluororubber 81 through the layered structure; the outer layer is an antioxidant layer 82 composed of composite particles formed by physical adsorption of powdered hindered phenol antioxidant and montmorillonite, the composite particles are uniformly dispersed and solidified into a continuous coating, the layered structure of the montmorillonite blocks the migration of the antioxidant, realizes slow release, and cooperates with the inner layer montmorillonite composite fluororubber 81 to specifically delay thermal oxidative aging, significantly prolonging the service life of the cable; the outermost layer of the cable is an outer sheath layer 9 made of nano-enhanced ethylene propylene diene rubber, which is extruded to a thickness of 1.5 mm; graphite and carbon nanotube composite heat-conducting nets are embedded inside to accelerate heat conduction to the outside; the surface is provided with spiral heat dissipation lines to increase the heat dissipation surface area, realize chemical corrosion resistance, ultraviolet resistance and high-efficiency heat dissipation function, and comprehensively protect the inner layer structure from environmental erosion.

[0030] The technical scope of the present application is not limited to the content in the above description, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the above embodiments without departing from the technical idea of the present application, and these modifications and changes should all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. Multilayer composite wrap-around high temperature resistant and ageing resistant cable, characterized in that, From inside to outside in turn includes: conductor, each conductor is coated with an inner insulating layer to form an insulated cable core; shielding layer, coated outside the conductor, the shielding layer is composed of copper wire mesh and aluminum foil; outer insulating layer, coated outside the shielding layer, outer insulating layer uses modified crosslinked polyethylene and nanometer silicon dioxide composite material; fire resistance layer, coated outside the outer insulating layer; heat insulation layer, coated outside the fire resistance layer, the heat insulation layer is a plurality of annularly distributed heat insulation components inside, the heat insulation component is filled with gradient porosity nano aerogel and doped with alumina ceramic fiber, the center of the heat insulation layer is provided with a ceramicized silicone rubber rod, the adjacent gap between the heat insulation component and the ceramicized silicone rubber rod is filled with a phase change capsule, the phase change capsule is a eutectic salt of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate encapsulated by alumina; cushion layer, coated outside the heat insulation layer, the cushion layer includes a composite layer coated on the cushion layer, the composite layer uses a composite material of ceramicized silicone rubber and basalt fiber, the composite layer is filled with alumina hollow spheres in the middle, the alumina hollow spheres are in an array, the adjacent alumina hollow spheres are filled with a composite capsule, and the composite capsule is an expanded vermiculite silicone rubber; armored layer, coated outside the cushion layer; anti-aging layer, coated outside the armored layer; outer sheath layer, coated outside the anti-aging layer, the outer sheath layer uses nano enhanced rubber.

2. The multi-layered composite wrap-around high temperature and ageing resistant cable according to claim 1, wherein: The fire resistance layer is composed of synthetic mica tape and ceramicized borosilicon rubber tape, the mica tape is the outer layer, the ceramicized borosilicon rubber tape is the inner layer, the mica tape is coated with borosilicon resin on both sides, and the thickness of the ceramicized borosilicon rubber tape is 0.3-0.5mm.

3. The multi-layered composite wrap-around high temperature and ageing resistant cable of claim 1, wherein: The armored layer is a stainless steel fiber woven material, and the diameter of the stainless steel fiber is 0.1-0.2mm.

4. The multi-layered composite wrap-around high temperature and ageing resistant cable of claim 1, wherein: The anti-aging layer includes montmorillonite composite fluororubber coated outside the armored layer, the outer surface of the montmorillonite composite fluororubber is coated with an antioxidant layer, the antioxidant layer is composed of hindered phenolic antioxidant and montmorillonite particles, the composite particles of the antioxidant layer are uniformly dispersed and solidified into a continuous coating.

5. The multi-layered composite wrap-around high temperature and ageing resistant cable of claim 1, wherein: The inner layer porosity of the gradient porosity nano aerogel of the heat insulation layer is higher than that of the outer layer, the inner layer porosity of the gradient porosity nano aerogel is 85%, the outer layer porosity of the gradient porosity nano aerogel is 65%, and the outer layer porosity is 65%.

6. The multi-layered composite wrap-around high temperature and ageing resistant cable of claim 1, wherein: The ceramicized silicone rubber rod has a bending radius greater than its own diameter at room temperature, and the ceramicized silicone rubber rod is sintered into ceramic at high temperature.

7. The multi-layered composite wrap-around high temperature and ageing resistant cable of claim 1, wherein: The phase change point of the phase change capsule is 220℃.

8. The multi-layered composite wrap-around high temperature and ageing resistant cable of claim 1, wherein: The cushion layer is composed of ceramicized silicone rubber and basalt fiber.

9. The multi-layered composite wrap-around high temperature and ageing resistant cable of claim 8, wherein: The density of the alumina hollow sphere is ≤1.5g / cm³, and the temperature resistance of the alumina hollow sphere is ≥1800℃.

10. The multi-layered composite wrap-around high temperature and ageing resistant cable of claim 9, wherein: The alumina hollow sphere array improves the lightweight and thermal insulation, and when the expanded vermiculite silicone rubber composite capsule is used in the adjacent gap, it can seal the gap through the expansion effect at a temperature above 200℃.

Images