A method and apparatus for evaluating antenna performance

Abstract

This application provides an antenna performance evaluation method and apparatus, addressing the problem in existing technologies where larger scattering objects require larger testing environments when the scattering object is significantly larger than the individual antenna. The antenna performance evaluation method includes the following steps: acquiring the radiated electric field measurement results of a single antenna; determining a hypothetical planar electromagnetic field distribution by performing spherical electromagnetic field mapping; calculating the surface electromagnetic field distribution of the single antenna using a backward inversion method based on the hypothetical planar electromagnetic field distribution; and calculating the radiation pattern of the single antenna in the presence of the scattering object based on the surface electromagnetic field distribution and the properties of the scattering object. An apparatus for implementing the above method is also provided. This application eliminates the need to place large scattering objects in an anechoic chamber, requiring only radiated electric field measurements of the individual antenna, significantly reducing the demand for testing space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electromagnetic field and microwave technology, and in particular to an antenna performance evaluation method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Antennas are key components in modern communication systems, and their performance directly impacts communication quality and overall system efficiency. Therefore, accurate and efficient antenna performance evaluation is crucial. Previously, antenna performance evaluation primarily focused on mobile terminals, base stations, and radar systems. However, the rise of industries like the low-altitude economy and autonomous driving has led to a diversification of mobile communication devices. Devices such as drones and autonomous vehicles are characterized by their large size, often several, tens, or even hundreds of times larger than the individual communication antennas on their fuselages. Traditional antenna performance evaluation methods require testing the entire device in an anechoic chamber. When the device includes a single antenna and scattering objects (such as devices in contact with or near the antenna), the antenna and scattering objects must be tested together to obtain antenna radiation characteristics, gain, directivity, and other performance indicators under the influence of the scattering objects. However, when the scattering objects are extremely large, they need to be several, tens, or even hundreds of times larger than the single antenna and placed in an anechoic chamber for testing. In such cases, traditional testing methods require time-consuming and costly testing environments, resulting in low efficiency and unacceptable costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This application proposes an antenna performance evaluation method and apparatus to solve the problem that existing technologies require a larger testing environment when the scattering object is much larger than a single antenna.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an antenna performance evaluation method, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Obtain the radiated electric field measurement results of a single antenna; the radiated electric field measurement results include the spherical electromagnetic field of the single antenna;

[0006] The spherical electromagnetic field is mapped to a plane to determine the distribution of the hypothetical planar electromagnetic field. The hypothetical planar electromagnetic field and the surface electromagnetic field are set at a preset distance on the side of the spherical electric field being measured away from the single antenna.

[0007] The surface electromagnetic field distribution of a single antenna is calculated by using a backward inversion method based on the hypothetical planar electromagnetic field distribution.

[0008] The radiation pattern of a single antenna in the presence of a scattering object is calculated based on the surface electromagnetic field distribution and the properties of the scattering object.

[0009] Furthermore, the electric field components of the spherical-to-plane mapping introduce a phase bias factor;

[0010] The phase bias factor parameter includes the measurement frequency, or the spatial positional relationship between the spherical electromagnetic field and the imaginary planar electromagnetic field.

[0011] In one embodiment, the backward inversion method is to obtain the surface electromagnetic field distribution by spatially deconvolving an imaginary planar electromagnetic field.

[0012] In one embodiment, calculating the radiation pattern of a single antenna in the presence of a scattering object specifically includes the following steps:

[0013] Electromagnetic simulation is used to analyze the surface electromagnetic field distribution and the properties of scattering objects to simulate the influence of scattering objects on the radiation field of a single antenna.

[0014] Solve for the interaction between the scattering object and the electromagnetic field on the surface of a single *Cinnamomum camphora* plant, and calculate the radiation pattern.

[0015] In one embodiment, the step of:

[0016] The performance of a single antenna under the influence of scattering objects is evaluated by radiation pattern; the evaluation indicators include antenna gain, directivity coefficient, radiation efficiency, beamwidth or sidelobe level.

[0017] In one embodiment, the scattering object properties include the scattering object geometry and the scattering object electromagnetic parameters.

[0018] In one embodiment, the solution range of the surface electromagnetic field is the non-contact range between the single antenna and the scattering object.

[0019] Secondly, this application also provides an antenna performance evaluation device for implementing the antenna performance evaluation method described in any embodiment of the first aspect, comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring the radiated electric field measurement results of a single antenna; the radiated electric field measurement results include the measured spherical electromagnetic field parameters of the single antenna; a determination module for performing spherical-to-plane mapping on the spherical electromagnetic field to determine an imaginary planar electromagnetic field distribution, wherein the imaginary planar electromagnetic field is parallel to the surface electromagnetic field and set at a preset distance away from the single antenna on the side of the measured spherical electric field; and a calculation module for calculating the radiation pattern of the single antenna in the presence of the scattering object based on the surface electromagnetic field distribution and the properties of the scattering object.

[0020] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in any of the embodiments of the first aspect.

[0021] Fourthly, embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method described in any embodiment of the first aspect.

[0022] The above-described technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0023] This application eliminates the need to place large scattering objects in an anechoic chamber, requiring only the measurement of the radiated electric field of a single antenna. This significantly reduces the demand for testing space and lowers the dependence on the size and load-bearing capacity of the anechoic chamber. Secondly, by replacing actual testing with numerical calculations, testing time is significantly shortened, and testing efficiency is improved, making it particularly suitable for antenna performance evaluation of large equipment (such as aircraft, ships, and vehicles). Furthermore, this method allows for flexible adjustment of the geometry and electromagnetic parameters of the scattering object, facilitating the study of the impact of different scattering scenarios on antenna performance and providing strong support for antenna design and optimization. In summary, this invention provides an efficient and low-cost method for antenna performance evaluation, offering a new technical means for the rapid evaluation and optimization of antenna performance in modern communication systems. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 A flowchart of an antenna performance evaluation method provided in this application embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of electromagnetic field distribution provided for an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a method for evaluating antenna performance using evaluation metrics, provided in this application embodiment;

[0028] Figure 4 A structural diagram of an antenna performance evaluation device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Traditional antenna performance evaluation methods require testing the antenna and the scattering object together in an anechoic chamber. When the scattering object is large, this not only places extremely high demands on the size and load-bearing capacity of the anechoic chamber, but also leads to high testing costs and low efficiency.

[0033] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this application proposes an antenna performance evaluation method and apparatus. Belonging to the fields of electronic science and microwave technology, it is particularly suitable for antenna performance evaluation scenarios involving equipment with large scattering objects. By combining testing and simulation calculations, only the radiated electric field of a single antenna needs to be tested to evaluate the radiation pattern and antenna performance indicators of a single antenna after being affected by nearby scattering objects. This significantly improves the efficiency of antenna performance evaluation in such scenarios and reduces testing costs.

[0034] The antenna performance evaluation method proposed in this application can significantly reduce testing time and space requirements, and improve the efficiency of antenna performance evaluation for large-size devices.

[0035] Figure 1 A flowchart of an antenna performance evaluation method provided in this application embodiment includes steps 110-140.

[0036] The core of this application lies in measuring the radiated electric field of a single antenna, using the equivalence principle and backward inversion method in electromagnetic field theory to invert the spatial electric field of the single antenna to obtain the surface electromagnetic field of the antenna, and based on these surface electromagnetic fields, calculating the influence of scattering objects on the antenna radiation characteristics through numerical calculation methods, thereby obtaining the radiation pattern of the single antenna in the presence of scattering objects.

[0037] Step 110: Obtain the radiated electric field measurement results of a single antenna; the radiated electric field measurement results include the spherical electromagnetic field of the single antenna.

[0038] The radiated electric field of a single antenna is measured in an anechoic chamber to obtain its radiation field distribution in different directions.

[0039] For example, the individual antenna to be tested (such as vehicle-mounted antenna, UAV-mounted antenna, ship-mounted antenna, etc.) is placed in an anechoic chamber, and the radiated electric field is measured using direct far-field, indirect far-field, or near-field testing methods.

[0040] For example, a vector network analyzer or antenna test system can be used to measure the radiation field distribution of a single antenna in different directions at multiple frequency points to obtain its radiated electric field.

[0041] Step 120: Perform spherical-to-plane mapping on the spherical electromagnetic field to determine the hypothetical planar electromagnetic field distribution; the hypothetical planar electromagnetic field and the surface electromagnetic field are set at a preset distance on the side of the measuring spherical electric field away from the single antenna.

[0042] The radiated electric field of the single antenna measured in step 110 is a spherical radiated electromagnetic field. By performing a spherical-to-plane mapping on the spherical radiated electromagnetic field, the electromagnetic field components at points on the plane are obtained, as follows:

[0043] Formula 1

[0044] Formula 1 is a formula for plane mapping.

[0045] Where E x E y or E z These are the components of the hypothetical planar electromagnetic field in the three directions of the coordinate axes.

[0046] It should be noted that the coordinate axes described in this application are based on the plane where the antenna surface is located, i.e., the antenna radiating aperture surface is the XY plane, and the normal is the positive direction of the Z axis.

[0047] The hypothetical plane is parallel to the aperture surface, and the spacing d must satisfy d>λ / 2 (λ is the wavelength) to avoid the influence of near-field evanescent waves.

[0048] Furthermore, the electric field components of the spherical-to-plane mapping introduce a phase bias factor;

[0049] The phase bias factor parameter includes the measurement frequency, or the spatial positional relationship between the spherical electromagnetic field and the imaginary planar electromagnetic field.

[0050] For example, the electric field component needs to incorporate a phase bias factor, as shown in the formula:

[0051] E ' x,y,z = E x,y,z e -jk0△d Formula 2

[0052] Where E is the calculated field component of the imaginary plane field before the introduction of the phase offset factor, E' is the imaginary plane field component after the introduction of the phase offset factor, e is the electric field, j is the imaginary number, k0 is the free space wavenumber = 2π × frequency, and Δd is the perpendicular distance from any measurement point on the sphere to the imaginary plane.

[0053] In E x E y or E z There is a phase deviation in each direction. The parameters related to the phase deviation include the measurement frequency and the spatial relationship between the measured spherical electromagnetic field and the imaginary plane electromagnetic field.

[0054] Step 130: The hypothetical planar electromagnetic field distribution is calculated using the backward inversion method to determine the surface electromagnetic field distribution of a single antenna.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the surface electromagnetic field distribution (aperture surface of the antenna radiation) of a single antenna is solved by backward inversion method using measurement data.

[0056] Figure 2 The electromagnetic field distribution 21 on the middle surface (i.e., the aperture surface of the antenna radiation, which is the plane where the antenna surface is located in the figure) refers to the antenna radiation aperture surface of the antenna under test. The electromagnetic field 22 on the antenna radiation aperture surface is the spherical electromagnetic field 22. An illusory plane electromagnetic field (i.e., the plane where the antenna spatial plane radiation electric field is located) is set at a preset distance on the electromagnetic field of the spherical electromagnetic field.

[0057] In one embodiment, the backward inversion method is to obtain the surface electromagnetic field distribution by spatially deconvolving an imaginary planar electromagnetic field.

[0058] For example, the surface electromagnetic field of a single antenna calculated using the backward inversion method is expressed as:

[0059] Formula 3

[0060] in It is the Hadamard inverse operator, E0 is the surface-plane field component, and the Z-axis component of the surface-plane field is equal to 0 at this time. F is the spatial convolution function, E1 is the hypothetical surface-plane field component (i.e., E'), and g is the Green's function.

[0061] E0 is obtained by spatially deconvolving E1. The antenna surface field distribution is deduced from the hypothetical planar field distribution through spatial frequency domain deconvolution. The core operation is the inverse convolution of the Green's function with the planar field distribution.

[0062] In one embodiment, the solution range of the surface electromagnetic field is the non-contact range between the single antenna and the scattering object.

[0063] The solution range for the surface electromagnetic field is the non-contact range between the single antenna and the metal surface of the device.

[0064] The non-contact range refers to the area where there is an air gap or insulating layer between the antenna and the scattering object, avoiding the complexity of boundary conditions caused by direct contact.

[0065] For example, if a vehicle-mounted shark fin antenna is located on the metal roof of a car, then the surface electromagnetic field distribution corresponding to the contact area between the antenna and the metal roof of the car does not need to be calculated.

[0066] Step 140: Calculate the radiation pattern of a single antenna in the presence of a scattering object based on the surface electromagnetic field distribution and the properties of the scattering object.

[0067] In one embodiment, step 140, calculating the radiation pattern of a single antenna in the presence of a scattering object, specifically includes the following steps:

[0068] Step 140-1: Perform electromagnetic simulation on the surface electromagnetic field distribution and scattering object properties to simulate the influence of the scattering object on the radiation field of a single antenna.

[0069] In one embodiment, the scattering object properties include the scattering object geometry and the scattering object electromagnetic parameters.

[0070] For example, geometry: including features such as size, curvature, and openings (such as the tilt angle of a car windshield).

[0071] Electromagnetic parameters include complex permittivity, permeability, and surface impedance.

[0072] The surface electromagnetic field and the geometry and electromagnetic parameters of the scattering object are input into electromagnetic simulation software. The influence of the scattering object on the antenna radiation field (electric field or magnetic field distribution) is obtained through numerical calculation (such as the method of moments, finite element method or finite difference method in the time domain). Finally, the radiation pattern of the antenna in the presence of the scattering object is obtained.

[0073] For example, the calculated electromagnetic field on the surface of a single antenna, along with the geometry and electromagnetic parameters (such as dielectric constant and permeability) of the scattering object, are input into electromagnetic simulation software. Numerical calculation methods (such as the method of moments, the finite element method, or the finite-difference time-domain method) are then used to simulate the influence of the scattering object on the antenna's radiation field.

[0074] Step 140-2: Solve for the interaction between the scattering object and the electromagnetic field on the surface of the single Tianxiang plant, and calculate the radiation pattern.

[0075] By solving the electromagnetic interaction between the scattering object and the electromagnetic field on the surface of the single antenna, the radiation pattern of the single antenna in the presence of the scattering object is calculated.

[0076] For example, during the calculation process, the size, shape, material properties of the scattering object, and its relative position to the antenna are taken into account.

[0077] Figure 3 The flowchart of the method for evaluating antenna performance using evaluation metrics provided in the embodiments of this application includes steps 310 to 340.

[0078] Step 310, which is equivalent to step 110, obtains the radiated electric field measurement results of a single antenna; the radiated electric field measurement results include the spherical electromagnetic field of the single antenna;

[0079] Step 320, which is equivalent to step 120, involves performing a spherical-to-plane mapping of the spherical electromagnetic field to determine the distribution of the hypothetical planar electromagnetic field. The hypothetical planar electromagnetic field is parallel to the surface electromagnetic field and is set at a preset distance on the side of the spherical electric field being measured away from the single antenna.

[0080] Step 330, which is equivalent to step 130, calculates the surface electromagnetic field distribution of a single antenna using the backward inversion method based on the hypothetical planar electromagnetic field distribution.

[0081] Step 340 is equivalent to step 140: calculate the radiation pattern of a single antenna in the presence of a scattering object based on the surface electromagnetic field distribution and the properties of the scattering object.

[0082] In one embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, after step 340, the following steps are also included:

[0083] Step 350: Evaluate the performance of a single antenna under the influence of scattering objects using the radiation pattern; the evaluation metrics include antenna gain, directivity coefficient, radiation efficiency, beamwidth or sidelobe level.

[0084] Based on the radiation pattern calculated in step 340, the performance of a single antenna under the influence of scattering objects is evaluated. Specific evaluation indicators include antenna gain, directivity, radiation efficiency, beamwidth, and sidelobe level.

[0085] For example, the directivity coefficient is the ratio of the maximum power density of the main lobe to that of the isotropic radiator, reflecting the antenna's energy concentration capability.

[0086] Radiation efficiency, taking into account ohmic and dielectric losses caused by the scatterer, is calculated through S-parameter inversion.

[0087] By analyzing the changes in these performance indicators, the impact of scattering objects on antenna performance can be assessed. Furthermore, by adjusting the geometry or material parameters of the scattering object, the variation patterns of antenna performance under different scattering scenarios can be studied, providing a theoretical basis for optimized antenna design.

[0088] Figure 4 A structural diagram of an antenna performance evaluation device provided in this application embodiment is used to implement the antenna performance evaluation method described in any embodiment of the first aspect, including:

[0089] The acquisition module 401 is used to acquire the radiated electric field measurement results of a single antenna; the radiated electric field measurement results include the measured spherical electromagnetic field parameters of the single antenna.

[0090] The determination module 402 is used to perform spherical-plane mapping on the spherical electromagnetic field to determine the hypothetical planar electromagnetic field distribution. The hypothetical planar electromagnetic field is set parallel to the surface electromagnetic field at a preset distance on the side of the spherical electric field being measured away from the single antenna.

[0091] The calculation module 403 is used to calculate the radiation pattern of a single antenna in the presence of a scattering object based on the surface electromagnetic field distribution and the properties of the scattering object.

[0092] Furthermore, the acquisition module also includes a first acquisition unit for acquiring the radiated electric field measurement results of a single antenna; the radiated electric field measurement results include the measured spherical electromagnetic field parameters of the single antenna.

[0093] The determining module further includes a first determining unit, used to perform spherical-plane mapping on the spherical electromagnetic field to determine the distribution of the hypothetical planar electromagnetic field. The hypothetical planar electromagnetic field is set parallel to the surface electromagnetic field at a preset distance on the side of the spherical electric field being measured away from the single antenna.

[0094] The calculation module further includes a first calculation unit, used to calculate the radiation pattern of a single antenna in the presence of a scattering object based on the surface electromagnetic field distribution and the properties of the scattering object.

[0095] In one embodiment, the determining module further includes a second determining unit for determining a phase bias factor, wherein the phase bias factor parameters include the measurement frequency, or the spatial positional relationship between the spherical electromagnetic field and the imaginary planar electromagnetic field.

[0096] The above embodiments are used to implement some of the technical features of step 120 in the specification.

[0097] In one embodiment, an evaluation module 404 is also included for evaluating the performance of a single antenna under the influence of scattering objects through a radiation pattern; the evaluation metrics include antenna gain, directivity coefficient, radiation efficiency, beamwidth, or sidelobe level.

[0098] The above embodiments are used to implement the technical features of step 350 in the specification.

[0099] In one embodiment, the determining module further includes a third determining unit for determining the non-contact range between the individual antenna and the scattering object.

[0100] The above embodiments are used to implement some of the technical features of step 130 of the claims.

[0101] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0102] Therefore, this application also proposes a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon that, when executed by a processor, implements the methods described in any embodiment of this application.

[0103] Furthermore, this application also proposes an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the method described in any embodiment of this application.

[0104] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0105] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0106] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0107] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory. Memory may include non-persistent storage in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0108] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device 500 shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality or scope of use of the embodiments of this application. It includes: one or more processors 520; and a storage device 510 for storing one or more programs. When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors 520, the one or more processors 520 implement the antenna performance evaluation and determination method provided in the embodiments of this application. The method includes:

[0109] Obtain the radiated electric field measurement results of a single antenna; the radiated electric field measurement results include the spherical electromagnetic field of the single antenna;

[0110] The spherical electromagnetic field is mapped to a plane to determine the distribution of the hypothetical planar electromagnetic field. The hypothetical planar electromagnetic field and the surface electromagnetic field are set at a preset distance on the side of the spherical electric field being measured away from the single antenna.

[0111] The surface electromagnetic field distribution of a single antenna is calculated by using a backward inversion method based on the hypothetical planar electromagnetic field distribution.

[0112] The radiation pattern of a single antenna in the presence of a scattering object is calculated based on the surface electromagnetic field distribution and the properties of the scattering object.

[0113] The electronic device 500 also includes an input device 530 and an output device 540; the processor 520, storage device 510, input device 530 and output device 540 in the electronic device can be connected by a bus or other means, as shown in the figure, which is connected by a bus 550.

[0114] Storage device 510, as a computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store software programs, computer-executable programs, and module units, such as the program instructions corresponding to the antenna performance evaluation method in the embodiments of this application. Storage device 510 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system and at least one application program required for a function; the data storage area may store data created based on terminal usage. Furthermore, storage device 510 may include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device. In some instances, storage device 510 may further include memory remotely located relative to processor 520, and these remote memories can be connected via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, corporate intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0115] Input device 530 can be used to receive input digital, character, or voice information, and to generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the electronic device. Output device 540 may include electronic devices such as a display screen and a speaker.

[0116] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0117] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless otherwise stated, the singular forms “a,” “an,” “the,” and “the” used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be understood that when a device or component is “connected” to another device or component, it may be directly connected to the other device or component, or there may be an intermediary device or component. Furthermore, the term “connection” as used herein may include partially wireless connections as well as partially wired connections.

[0118] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, in the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0119] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating antenna performance, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the radiated electric field measurement results of a single antenna; the radiated electric field measurement results include the spherical electromagnetic field of the single antenna; The spherical electromagnetic field is mapped to a plane to determine the distribution of the hypothetical plane electromagnetic field. The hypothetical plane electromagnetic field and the surface electromagnetic field are set at a preset distance on the side of the spherical electric field being measured away from the single antenna. The surface electromagnetic field distribution of a single antenna is calculated by using a backward inversion method based on the hypothetical planar electromagnetic field distribution. The radiation pattern of a single antenna in the presence of a scattering object is calculated based on the surface electromagnetic field distribution and the properties of the scattering object.

2. The antenna performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric field components of the spherical-to-plane mapping introduce a phase bias factor; The phase bias factor parameter includes the measurement frequency, or the spatial positional relationship between the spherical electromagnetic field and the imaginary planar electromagnetic field.

3. The antenna performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The backward inversion method involves spatially deconvolving an imaginary planar electromagnetic field to obtain the surface electromagnetic field distribution.

4. The antenna performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the radiation pattern of a single antenna in the presence of a scattering object includes the following steps: Electromagnetic simulation is used to analyze the surface electromagnetic field distribution and the properties of scattering objects to simulate the influence of scattering objects on the radiation field of a single antenna. Solve for the interaction between the scattering object and the electromagnetic field on the surface of a single antenna, and calculate the radiation pattern.

5. The antenna performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes the following steps: The performance of a single antenna under the influence of scattering objects is evaluated by radiation pattern; the evaluation indicators include antenna gain, directivity coefficient, radiation efficiency, beamwidth or sidelobe level.

6. The antenna performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The properties of the scattering object include its geometry and electromagnetic parameters.

7. The antenna performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solution range for the surface electromagnetic field is the non-contact range between the single antenna and the scattering object.

8. An antenna performance evaluation apparatus for implementing the antenna performance evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the radiated electric field measurement results of a single antenna; The radiated electric field measurement results include the measured spherical electromagnetic field parameters of the single antenna; The determination module is used to perform spherical-plane mapping on the spherical electromagnetic field to determine the hypothetical planar electromagnetic field distribution. The hypothetical planar electromagnetic field is set parallel to the surface electromagnetic field at a preset distance on the side of the spherical electric field being measured away from the single antenna. The calculation module is used to calculate the radiation pattern of a single antenna in the presence of the scattering object based on the surface electromagnetic field distribution and the properties of the scattering object.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. An electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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