Intelligent hook, intelligent safety rope and operation safety implementation method

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent hook, an intelligent safety rope and an operation safety implementation method, and belongs to the technical field of safety protection equipment. The hook comprises a main body, and the main body is provided with a hook and a movable buckle movably matched with the hook. The movable buckle is hinged to the main body, and a pressure sensing device is arranged on one side wall of the movable buckle; the main body is provided with an abutting surface opposite to the pressure-sensitive device, the abutting surface is provided with a pressure-sensitive position, the main body is also provided with an alarm and a connecting circuit, and the connecting circuit is connected between the pressure-sensitive position and the alarm. When the movable buckle and the hook are completely closed, the pressure-sensitive device abuts against the abutting face and enables the connecting circuit to be connected, and the alarm is in a non-alarm state. When the movable buckle is not completely closed, the pressure-sensitive device is separated from the abutting surface, the connecting circuit is disconnected, and the alarm is triggered to give an alarm. When the intelligent hook is used, whether the hook and the movable buckle are closed or not can be automatically monitored, and an alarm prompt is given when the hook and the movable buckle are not closed, so that the use safety of the hook can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of safety protection equipment, and particularly relates to an intelligent hook, an intelligent safety rope and a work safety implementation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The hook and the safety rope are key equipment for protecting the safety of high-altitude workers. The hook, as a core component connecting the safety rope and a fixed fulcrum (such as a power pole tower, a work platform connector, etc.), and the safety rope, as a load-bearing component connecting the hook and the worker, together form the "life safety line" of the worker, and the reliability thereof directly determines the personal safety of the worker, and is indispensable key safety equipment in such a scene.

[0003] The traditional mechanical hook has a simple structure, and usually only relies on mechanical buckling between the movable buckle and the hook to realize the locking function. However, when such a hook is subjected to external forces such as vibration, impact or electrostatic adsorption, accidental loosening or even disconnection may occur, which has a great safety hazard. In addition, the traditional hook lacks real-time monitoring function for the closed state and the load-bearing condition, and cannot timely issue a warning when an abnormality occurs, which is difficult to meet the high requirements of modern power work on safety.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing hook to overcome the defects of the prior art. SUMMARY

[0005] To overcome the problems in the related art, one of the purposes of the present application is to provide an intelligent hook which can automatically monitor whether the hook and the movable buckle are closed during use and issue an alarm prompt when not closed, thereby improving the safety of the hook in use.

[0006] An intelligent hook comprises a main body, a hook and a movable buckle movably connected with the hook are arranged on the main body. The movable buckle is hingedly connected to the main body, and a pressure sensing device is arranged on one side wall of the movable buckle. A contact surface opposite to the pressure sensing device is arranged on the main body, and a pressure sensing position is arranged on the contact surface. An alarm and a connecting circuit are further arranged on the main body, and the connecting circuit is connected between the pressure sensing position and the alarm. When the movable buckle is completely closed with the hook, the pressure sensing device abuts against the contact surface and makes the connecting circuit conductive, and the alarm is in a non-alarming state. When the movable buckle is not completely closed, the pressure sensing device is separated from the contact surface and makes the connecting circuit disconnected, triggering the alarm to alarm.

[0007] In the preferred technical scheme of the present application, an active slot is arranged on the main body, and the active slot is located below the hook. The bottom of the movable slot is provided with a fixed shaft, and the bottom of the movable buckle is hinged to the fixed shaft. The abutting surface is arranged on the side wall of the movable slot, and a pressure sensing position is arranged on the abutting surface and corresponds to the pressure sensing device on the movable buckle.

[0008] In the preferred technical solution of the present application, a push block is arranged on the movable buckle, and the push block is arranged on the side wall of the movable buckle away from the pressure sensing device. A reset elastic member is arranged on the push block, one end of the reset elastic member is fixedly connected to the push block, and the opposite end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable slot. The reset elastic member is used to keep the movable buckle and the hook in a closed state.

[0009] In the preferred technical solution of the present application, a torsional spring is arranged on the fixed shaft, and the torsional spring is used to keep the movable buckle and the hook in a closed state.

[0010] In the preferred technical solution of the present application, the pressure sensing device is a piezoelectric switch, the pressure sensing position is a piezoelectric coupling groove arranged on the abutting surface, the piezoelectric coupling groove corresponds to the piezoelectric switch, and the side wall of the movable buckle is provided with a micro piezoelectric sensing array. When the movable buckle and the hook are completely closed, a closed loop is formed between the micro piezoelectric sensing array, the piezoelectric coupling groove, the connecting circuit and the alarm, and the alarm is in a non-alarming state. When the movable buckle and the hook are not completely closed, an open circuit state is formed between the micro piezoelectric sensing array, the piezoelectric coupling groove, the connecting circuit and the alarm, and the alarm is in an alarming state. The main body is further provided with a wireless connection module, the wireless connection module is electrically connected to the connecting circuit, and the wireless connection module is used to transmit the connection state of the movable buckle and the hook to a control terminal.

[0011] In the preferred technical solution of the present application, the abutting surface of the hook and the movable buckle is provided with a first magnetic member, the movable buckle is provided with a second magnetic member, and the polarities of the first magnetic member and the second magnetic member are opposite.

[0012] The second object of the present application is to provide an intelligent safety rope connected to the intelligent hook as described above. The intelligent safety rope comprises a rope body, an optical fiber sensor is arranged in the rope body, a light source is arranged at one end of the rope body, and a light detector is arranged at the opposite end, and the light detector is used to receive the optical signal passing through the optical fiber sensor.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rope body includes a rope core, a buffer layer and an outer braid layer arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside, and the optical fiber sensor is disposed in the buffer layer; and along the circumference of the buffer layer, multiple optical fiber sensors are disposed in the buffer layer.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rope core is woven from high molecular weight polyethylene fiber; the buffer layer is made of EPDM foam material; and the surface of the optical fiber sensor is wrapped with polyurethane elastomer and tightly bonded to the buffer layer through a hot-pressing molding process. The outer knitting layer is made of a blend of aramid fiber and glass fiber, and the surface of the outer knitting layer is coated with a nano-level waterproof and stain-resistant coating.

[0015] The third objective of this invention is to provide a method for achieving operational safety, which is implemented based on a safety monitoring system, the safety monitoring system including the smart hook, the smart safety rope, and the control terminal as described above. The method for ensuring operational safety includes: During the use of the smart hook, when the movable buckle is fully closed with the hook, the alarm sounds and the control terminal sends a safety reminder to the staff. When the damage to the safety rope exceeds a set threshold, the control terminal issues a safety alert to the staff.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides an intelligent hook, comprising: a main body, on which a hook and a movable buckle that movably engages with the hook are disposed. The movable buckle is hinged to the main body, and a pressure-sensitive device is disposed on one side wall of the movable buckle; the main body has an abutment surface opposite to the pressure-sensitive device, and a pressure-sensitive position is disposed on the abutment surface; the main body also has an alarm and a connecting circuit, the connecting circuit connecting the pressure-sensitive position and the alarm. When the movable buckle and the hook are fully closed, the pressure-sensitive device abuts against the abutment surface and the connecting circuit is activated, and the alarm is in a non-alarm state; when the movable buckle is not fully closed, the pressure-sensitive device separates from the abutment surface and the connecting circuit is disconnected, triggering the alarm. In use, this intelligent hook, through the cooperation of the pressure-sensitive device and the pressure-sensitive position, detects the closure status of the movable buckle in real time. If it is not closed, a buzzer alarm is immediately triggered. It can detect in real time the loosening of the movable buckle caused by vibration and collision during operation, and promptly warn of any potential falls caused by "operation without closure" or "loosening during operation." It effectively meets the needs of high-altitude operations for intelligent protective equipment and has high practical application value.

[0017] This application also provides an intelligent safety rope for use on the aforementioned intelligent hook and a method for ensuring operational safety. The safety rope can receive light signals through a photodetector to determine its damage status. When the damage to the safety rope exceeds a threshold, it enables workers to replace it in a timely manner. In conjunction with the aforementioned safety hook, it can effectively improve the safety protection performance for workers and meet the needs of different high-altitude operations such as power engineering (high-voltage tower maintenance), bridge maintenance (outdoor humid environment), and building construction (dust-rich scenarios). Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a first perspective view of the smart hook provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a first perspective view of the smart hook provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a first perspective view of the smart hook provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of the smart safety rope provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure label: 1. Main body; 2. Hook; 3. Movable buckle; 4. Movable groove; 5. Fixed shaft; 6. Pressure-sensitive device; 7. Pressure-sensitive position; 8. Push block; 9. Reset elastic element; 10. First magnetic element; 11. Alarm; 12. Rope core; 13. Buffer layer; 14. Outer braided layer; 15. Fiber optic sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0021] Traditional mechanical hooks have a simple structure, typically relying solely on the mechanical engagement between the movable buckle and the hook to achieve a locking function. However, these hooks are prone to accidental loosening or even detachment when subjected to external forces such as vibration, impact, or electrostatic attraction, posing significant safety hazards. Furthermore, traditional hooks lack real-time monitoring capabilities for closure status and load-bearing capacity, failing to provide timely warnings in case of anomalies, and thus failing to meet the high safety requirements of modern electrical work.

[0022] Based on this, this application provides an intelligent hook.

[0023] Example 1 like Figures 1-3As shown, this embodiment provides a smart hook 2, which includes: A smart hook 2 includes: a main body 1, on which a hook 2 and a movable buckle 3 movably cooperate with the hook 2 are provided, the movable buckle 3 is hinged to the main body 1, and a pressure-sensitive device 6 is provided on one side wall of the movable buckle 3; the main body 1 is provided with an abutment surface opposite to the pressure-sensitive device 6, and a pressure-sensitive position 7 is provided on the abutment surface; the main body 1 is also provided with an alarm 11 and a connecting circuit, the connecting circuit connecting the pressure-sensitive position 7 and the alarm 11; When the movable buckle 3 and the hook 2 are fully closed, the pressure-sensitive device 6 abuts against the contact surface and turns on the connection circuit, and the alarm 11 is in a non-alarm state; when the movable buckle 3 is not fully closed, the pressure-sensitive device 6 separates from the contact surface and turns off the connection circuit, triggering the alarm 11 to sound an alarm.

[0024] Specifically, the main body 1 can be made of stainless steel, and the hook 2 is integrally formed on the lower part of the main body 1. The hook 2 is "J" shaped with the opening facing downwards, and the inner wall of the hook 2 can be provided with an anti-slip rubber pad (thickness 0.3-0.5cm). The movable buckle 3 is made of the same stainless steel as the main body 1. The movable buckle 3 is a rod-shaped structure, one end of which is hinged to the upper part of the main body 1 through a stainless steel pivot. Furthermore, a torsion spring is provided on the fixed shaft 5, which is used to keep the movable buckle 3 and the hook 2 in a closed state. That is, a torsion spring is provided at the hinge of the stainless steel pivot, so that the movable buckle 3 has the tendency to automatically rotate towards the hook 2. The other end (free end) of the movable buckle 3 can cooperate with the open end of the hook 2 to realize the closure of the opening of the hook 2.

[0025] For pressure sensitivity, a miniature pressure sensor is used, which is fixed to the side wall of the free end of the movable buckle 3 (facing the main body 1) with epoxy resin. On the upper part of the main body 1, corresponding to the free end of the movable buckle 3, there is a flat surface (i.e., abutting surface) that fits against the inner side wall of the movable buckle 3. A pressure-sensitive position 7 is located at the center of the abutting surface. The connecting circuit is integrated on a PCB circuit board inside the main body 1. The circuit includes a button battery, a current-limiting resistor, an alarm 11, and the aforementioned pressure-sensitive position 7 and pressure-sensitive device 6. The circuit connection is as follows: button battery positive terminal → current-limiting resistor → alarm 11 → pressure-sensitive position 7 → pressure-sensitive device 6 → button battery negative terminal, forming a series circuit. When the pressure-sensitive device 6 is in contact with the pressure-sensitive position 7, the circuit is conductive; when they are separated, the circuit is disconnected.

[0026] Specifically, when the free end of the movable buckle 3 is in contact with the open end of the hook 2 (completely closed), the pressure-sensitive device 6 on the inner wall of the movable buckle 3 is in close contact with the contact surface of the main body 1, and the sensing end of the pressure-sensitive device 6 is completely overlapped with the pressure-sensitive position 7. After being squeezed, the pressure-sensitive device 6 is in a conductive state, and the connecting circuit forms a complete loop. The current passes through the button battery, the current-limiting resistor, the alarm 11, the pressure-sensitive position 7, and the pressure-sensitive device 6 in sequence and returns to the negative terminal of the battery. Since the alarm 11 is in a low-power standby state when the circuit is conducting (designed as a "conducting without alarm, disconnecting with alarm" mode), the buzzer does not sound, and the hook 2 is used normally. If the movable buckle 3 is not fully closed (e.g., the user has not pushed the movable buckle 3 to the bottom, or the movable buckle 3 has become loose due to vibration), there will be a gap between the free end of the movable buckle 3 and the open end of the hook 2, and the pressure-sensitive device 6 will be separated from the contact surface (or only partially in contact, not coinciding with the pressure-sensitive position 7), the connection circuit will be broken, and the current will not be able to flow; at this time, the alarm 11 will trigger the alarm mechanism due to the circuit being broken, and the buzzer will emit a continuous buzzing sound to remind the operator to adjust the state of the movable buckle 3 until the movable buckle 3 is fully closed, the circuit is connected, and the alarm will stop.

[0027] When in use, the intelligent hook 2 uses the pressure-sensitive device 6 and the pressure-sensitive position 7 to detect the closing status of the movable buckle 3 in real time. If it is not closed, a buzzer alarm is triggered immediately. It can detect the loosening of the movable buckle 3 caused by vibration and collision during operation in real time, and promptly warn the user through the alarm to avoid fall accidents caused by "operation without closure" or "loosening during operation". It can effectively meet the needs of high-altitude operations for intelligent protective equipment and has high practical application value.

[0028] One specific way to use this hook is as follows: The operator presses the free end of the movable buckle 3 with their finger, and the movable buckle 3 rotates clockwise around the fixed shaft 5. At the same time, it compresses the return spring in the movable groove 4, forming a gap of 15-20mm between the movable buckle 3 and the opening of the hook 2, which makes it easy to attach the hook 2 to the fixed hanging point (such as the crossbar of the scaffold or the hanging ring of the power tower) at the work site.

[0029] If the movable buckle 3 and hook 2 are fully closed (the free end of the movable buckle 3 is in contact with the end of the hook 2, with a gap ≤0.5mm), the pressure-sensitive device 6 is fully in contact with the pressure-sensitive position 7 on the contact surface. The piezoelectric sensor generates an electrical signal of 0.5-1V under pressure. This signal is transmitted to the MCU of the connection circuit through the connection circuit. After the MCU detects the electrical signal, it determines that the closing state is normal and outputs a "prohibit alarm" command to the alarm 11. The LED light does not light up and the buzzer does not work.

[0030] If the movable buckle 3 and hook 2 are not fully closed (e.g., due to obstruction by foreign objects or loose hooks causing the movable buckle 3 to fail to reset properly, resulting in a gap > 0.5mm), the pressure-sensitive device 6 will separate from the pressure-sensitive position 7, and the piezoelectric sensor will not output an electrical signal. After the MCU does not detect a signal for 100ms, it will determine that the closing state is abnormal and output a "trigger alarm" command to the alarm 11. The LED will flash at a frequency of 1Hz, and the buzzer will sound continuously at a frequency of 2kHz until the movable buckle 3 is adjusted to a fully closed state.

[0031] Specifically, the main body 1 is provided with a movable groove 4, which is located below the hook 2; The bottom of the movable groove 4 is provided with a fixed shaft 5, and the bottom of the movable buckle 3 is hinged to the fixed shaft 5. The abutting surface is provided on the side wall of the movable groove 4, and a pressure-sensitive position 7 is provided on the abutting surface. The pressure-sensitive position 7 corresponds to the pressure-sensitive device 6 on the movable buckle 3.

[0032] Furthermore, a push block 8 is provided on the movable buckle 3, and the push block 8 is provided on the side wall of the movable buckle 3 opposite to the pressure-sensitive device 6; The push block 8 is provided with a reset elastic element 9. One end of the reset elastic element 9 is fixedly connected to the push block 8, and the other end is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable groove 4. The slight compression thrust of the reset elastic element 9 in its natural state can drive the movable buckle 3 and the hook 2 to remain stably closed. Even if it is subjected to slight vibration during operation (such as vibration of power equipment operation), the elastic potential energy can immediately compensate for the displacement of the movable buckle 3, avoiding hidden loosening. Compared with the traditional hook 2 without a reset structure, it can improve the closure reliability.

[0033] The reset elastic element 9 is used to keep the movable buckle 3 and the hook 2 in a closed state.

[0034] In this application, the pressure-sensitive device 6 is made of piezoelectric ceramic material and is fixed to one side wall of the movable buckle 3 by screws. It operates at 3.3V and has the characteristic of converting mechanical stress into an electrical signal. A contact surface is provided on the side wall of the movable groove 4, directly opposite the pressure-sensitive device 6, and a pressure-sensitive position 7 is provided on the contact surface. The pressure-sensitive position 7 is made of copper with a gold-plated structure, which effectively prevents oxidation failure. Its position precisely corresponds to the pressure-sensitive device 6, ensuring that the pressure-sensitive device 6 can fully contact the pressure-sensitive position 7 when the movable buckle 3 and hook 2 are closed. The push block 8 is made of engineering plastic and can be fixed to the movable buckle 3 by screws. The reset elastic element 9 is made of stainless steel compression spring. In its natural state, the reset elastic element 9 is in a slightly compressed state. Through the pushing force, it drives the movable buckle 3 to rotate around the fixed shaft 5, keeping the movable buckle 3 and hook 2 in a closed state at all times.

[0035] The alarm 11 is an integrated sound and light structure, embedded in the outer wall of the main body 1, including a red LED light and a buzzer, suitable for the warning needs of noisy high-altitude environments; the connection circuit is integrated on the PCB board inside the main body 1, including a 3.7V lithium battery, MCU (model STM32F103), current limiting resistor and filter capacitor. The circuit connection path is: lithium battery → MCU → pressure sensing position 7 → pressure sensing device 6 → MCU → alarm 11 → lithium battery, forming a circuit on / off loop based on pressure sensing trigger, realizing the linkage control of closed state and alarm.

[0036] The contact-type triggering of pressure-sensitive device 6 and pressure-sensitive position 7 does not rely on infrared or electromagnetic signals and is not affected by high-altitude working environment factors such as dust, oil, and electric arc light, with a false alarm rate of less than 1%. Pressure-sensitive position 7 can be gold-plated to effectively avoid oxidation failure. The system's mean time between failures reaches 50,000 hours, meeting the needs of long-term high-frequency operation.

[0037] More preferably, the mating surface of the hook 2 and the movable buckle 3 is provided with a first magnetic element 10, and the movable buckle 3 is provided with a second magnetic element, wherein the polarity of the first magnetic element 10 and the second magnetic element is opposite.

[0038] Furthermore, the pressure-sensitive device 6 is a piezoelectric switch; the pressure-sensitive position 7 is a piezoelectric coupling groove disposed on the abutment surface, the piezoelectric coupling groove corresponds to the piezoelectric switch, and the side wall of the movable buckle 3 is provided with a miniature piezoelectric sensing array; When the movable buckle 3 and the hook 2 are fully closed, a closed loop is formed between the miniature piezoelectric sensor array, the piezoelectric coupling groove, the connection circuit and the alarm 11, and the alarm 11 is in a non-alarm state. When the movable buckle 3 and the hook 2 are not fully closed, an open circuit is formed between the miniature piezoelectric sensor array, the piezoelectric coupling groove, the connection circuit and the alarm 11, and the alarm 11 is in an alarm state. The main body 1 is also provided with a wireless connection module, which is electrically connected to the connection circuit. The wireless connection module is used to transmit the connection status of the movable buckle 3 and the hook 2 to the control terminal.

[0039] In practical applications, the miniature piezoelectric sensor array is fixed to the side wall of the movable buckle 3 facing the movable slot 4. It employs a PZT-5H type piezoelectric ceramic array, which can contain three independent piezoelectric units (each unit has a diameter of 3mm, a thickness of 2mm, and a spacing of 5mm). The operating voltage is 3.3V, and the output signal range is 0-5V. It features "multi-point monitoring and redundancy protection." The piezoelectric coupling groove, serving as the pressure sensing position 7, is located on the abutment surface of the side wall of the movable slot 4. It is precision-machined using CNC, with a groove depth of 2mm and a groove width matching the sensor array (15mm). Copper-plated gold contacts (anti-oxidation, MTBF≥50000h) are embedded within the groove, corresponding one-to-one with the three piezoelectric units of the miniature piezoelectric sensor array to ensure precise fit when closed. The wireless connection module adopts a LoRa wireless transmission module, which is integrated into the internal PCB board of the main body 1 and electrically connected to the connection circuit (powered by a lithium battery). It supports the conversion of the loop status (conduction / discontinuity) of the micro piezoelectric sensing array and the piezoelectric coupling groove into digital signals and transmits them to the control terminal in real time.

[0040] If the movable buckle 3 and hook 2 are fully closed: the mating surfaces of the movable buckle 3 and hook 2 are in contact, the three piezoelectric units of the micro piezoelectric sensor array are embedded in the piezoelectric coupling groove and abut against the gold-plated contacts, and the loop is connected; after the MCU detects a continuous 50ms conduction signal, it determines that "closure is normal", the alarm 11 is in a non-alarm state (the LED light is not on, the buzzer does not sound), and the wireless connection module sends a digital signal (including timestamp) "Hook 2 status: closure is normal" to the control terminal.

[0041] If the movable buckle 3 and hook 2 are not fully closed (e.g., due to obstruction by foreign objects or loose hanging points): the gap between the movable buckle 3 and hook 2 is greater than 0.5mm, at least one piezoelectric unit is not embedded in the piezoelectric coupling groove, and the loop is open; if the MCU does not detect a conduction signal for 100ms, it will immediately trigger the alarm 11 (LED flashes at 1Hz and the buzzer sounds continuously), and at the same time, the wireless connection module will send a "Hook 2 status: not closed alarm" signal to the control terminal, and the control terminal will simultaneously display a pop-up reminder.

[0042] During operation, if the movable buckle 3 becomes slightly loose due to vibration, the reset elastic element 9 pushes the movable buckle 3 back to its original position, and the micro piezoelectric sensor array remains in contact with the piezoelectric coupling groove to maintain loop continuity. If the loosening exceeds 1mm, the loop is broken, and the alarm 11 and wireless warning are triggered simultaneously. After the operation is completed, pressing the movable buckle 3 opens the hook 2, the loop is broken, and the wireless module sends a "Hook 2 status: Open" signal, which facilitates the control terminal to record the operation time.

[0043] In another embodiment, the connection circuit includes a microcontroller and a battery, both of which are electrically connected to the alarm 11. When the movable buckle 3 and the hook 2 are fully closed, the piezoelectric switch inputs a high-level signal to the microcontroller, the output pin of the microcontroller connected to the alarm 11 is at a low level, and the alarm 11 does not work. When the movable buckle 3 and the hook 2 are not fully closed, the piezoelectric switch is not pressed down, and a low-level signal is input to the microcontroller. The output pin of the microcontroller connected to the alarm 11 is at a high level, and the alarm 11 sounds an alarm.

[0044] In this embodiment: The alarm 11 is an integrated sound and light device, embedded in the outer wall of the main body 1, and includes a red LED light (wavelength 620nm, brightness 2000mcd) and a buzzer; The microcontroller is an STM32F103 microcontroller unit, which is integrated into the internal PCB board of the main body 1. It serves as the control core of the connecting circuit and has signal acquisition, logic judgment and output control functions. The battery is a 3.7V rechargeable lithium battery, integrated inside the main body 1, which powers the microcontroller, alarm 11, piezoelectric switch and subsequent wireless module. It supports USB charging and can work continuously for ≥72 hours when fully charged.

[0045] Connection circuit: Integrated into the internal PCB board of main body 1, the specific connection relationship is as follows: battery → microcontroller power supply terminal (VCC) → microcontroller signal input terminal (PA0 pin) → piezoelectric switch → piezoelectric coupling slot → ground (GND), forming a piezoelectric signal acquisition circuit; at the same time, the microcontroller signal output terminal (PB1 pin) → alarm 11 power supply terminal → ground, forming an alarm control circuit; a 1kΩ current limiting resistor (to protect the microcontroller pin) and a 0.1μF filter capacitor are connected in series in the circuit (to reduce signal jitter, refer to the circuit design in the disclosure materials).

[0046] The wireless connection module adopts the LoRa wireless transmission module, which is integrated into the internal PCB board of the main body 1 and electrically connected to the UART pin of the microcontroller (powered by battery). The communication distance is ≥1km and the transmission rate is 50kbps. It can transmit the status signal of hook 2 ("normal closure" / "not closed alarm") output by the microcontroller to the control terminal in real time.

[0047] During the connection operation: The operator presses the top of the movable buckle 3, causing the movable buckle 3 to rotate clockwise around the fixed shaft 5; the push block 8 moves synchronously and compresses the reset elastic element 9 (maximum compression ≤10mm), and the movable buckle 3 and the opening of the hook 2 form a gap of 15-20mm, and the hook 2 is connected to the fixed hanging point (such as the lifting ring of the power tower); at this time, the piezoelectric switch is separated from the piezoelectric coupling groove and is not squeezed, and outputs a low level (≤0.5V) to the signal input terminal of the microcontroller. The microcontroller determines "connection in progress" and sets a 100ms delay alarm through the program (to avoid false alarms during operation).

[0048] During the closed monitoring phase, after the connection is completed, the operator releases the movable buckle 3, resets the elastic element 9 to release elastic potential energy, and pushes the push block 8 to cause the movable buckle 3 to rotate counterclockwise. If the movable buckle 3 and hook 2 are fully closed: the mating surfaces of the movable buckle 3 and hook 2 are in contact (gap ≤ 0.5mm), the piezoelectric switch is embedded in the piezoelectric coupling groove and is under pressure, outputting a high level (≥ 4V) to the microcontroller signal input terminal; after the microcontroller detects the high level for 50ms, it determines that "closure is normal", and its output pin (PB1) connected to the alarm 11 remains at a low level (≤ 0.5V), and the alarm 11 does not work (the LED light does not light up, and the buzzer does not sound); at the same time, the microcontroller sends a digital signal (including timestamp and battery level) of "hook 2 status: closure is normal" to the control terminal through the wireless connection module.

[0049] If the movable buckle 3 and hook 2 are not fully closed (e.g., due to obstruction by foreign objects or loose hanging points): the gap between the movable buckle 3 and hook 2 is >0.5mm, the piezoelectric switch is not embedded in the piezoelectric coupling slot, and it continuously outputs a low level (≤0.5V) to the microcontroller; after the microcontroller detects the low level for 100ms, it determines "not closed alarm", and its output pin (PB1) switches to a high level (≥3.3V), triggering the alarm 11 (LED flashes at 1Hz and the buzzer sounds continuously); at the same time, the wireless connection module sends a "hook 2 status: not closed alarm" signal to the control terminal every second until the movable buckle 3 is adjusted to be fully closed.

[0050] By using a microcontroller as the control core, a 100ms delay alarm can be set through the program to avoid false alarms caused by the instantaneous separation of the piezoelectric switch during the connection operation. In addition, by continuously detecting with a high level for 50ms (instead of a single signal trigger), the "loose connection" signal of the piezoelectric switch caused by strong vibration (such as the level fluctuation within 0.1s during vibration) can be filtered out, which can reduce the false alarm rate and significantly improve the monitoring reliability.

[0051] Example 2 like Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides an intelligent safety rope, which is connected to the intelligent hook 2 as described above; The smart safety rope includes a rope body, in which an optical fiber sensor 15 is installed. A light source is installed at one end of the rope body, and a photodetector is installed at the other end. The photodetector is used to receive light signals passing through the optical fiber sensor 15.

[0052] Furthermore, the rope body includes a rope core 12, a buffer layer 13, and an outer braided layer 14 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside, and the fiber optic sensor 15 is disposed in the buffer layer 13; and multiple fiber optic sensors 15 are disposed in the buffer layer 13 along the circumference of the buffer layer 13.

[0053] Furthermore, the rope core 12 is woven from high molecular weight polyethylene fiber; the buffer layer 13 is made of EPDM foam material; and the surface of the fiber optic sensor 15 is wrapped with polyurethane elastomer and tightly bonded to the buffer layer 13 through a hot pressing molding process. The outer braided layer 14 is made of a blend of aramid fiber and glass fiber, and the surface of the outer braided layer 14 is coated with a nano-level waterproof and stain-resistant coating.

[0054] The core rope 12 is woven from high-molecular-weight polyethylene fiber with a molecular weight ≥3 million, ensuring a balance between lightweight and high strength. Its linear density is ≤100g / m², and its tensile strength is ≥30kN, capable of withstanding the weight of workers at height and instantaneous impact forces. The buffer layer 13 uses EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer) foam material (as stated in the handover documents), with a thickness strictly controlled at 3-5mm (adapted to the overall diameter of the rope), a foaming ratio of 1.5, and a Shore hardness of 50±5A. It possesses excellent elasticity and cushioning performance, absorbing over 80% of instantaneous impact forces (such as the force of a worker falling accidentally), thus reducing the peak stress on the core rope 12.

[0055] The outer braided layer 14 covers the outside of the buffer layer 13 and is made of a blend of aramid fiber (70%) and glass fiber (30%). Aramid fiber has high strength, high modulus, and high temperature resistance (short-term temperature resistance ≥250℃), which can withstand the high temperature of electric arc and sparks in power operations. Glass fiber has excellent wear resistance and chemical stability. When blended with aramid fiber, the wear resistance of the outer braided layer 14 can be increased by 40%, the tear strength by 30%, while maintaining good flexibility (bending radius ≥50mm). The surface of the outer braided layer 14 is coated with a 50nm thick nano-level waterproof and anti-fouling coating (made of polytetrafluoroethylene). The coating has a water contact angle ≥110°, which can effectively block the intrusion of rainwater, oil, and dust, and prevent the performance degradation of the buffer layer 13 and the rope core 12 due to moisture and pollution, thus extending the service life of the rope.

[0056] The light source is located at the end of the smart safety rope closest to the loop (the connection end with the smart hook 2), using a 1550nm narrow-linewidth semiconductor laser source with an output power of 10mW, a pulse width of 10ns, and a linewidth ≤10kHz. The 1550nm wavelength reduces fiber optic transmission loss (loss ≤0.2dB / km), adapting to the long-distance sensing requirements of distributed fiber optics. The pulse width and power settings ensure the stability and accuracy of the detection signal. The photodetector, located at the end of the smart safety rope furthest from the loop, is a single-photon-level InGaAs avalanche photodiode with a detection sensitivity ≤-60dBm and a sampling rate of 1MSPS. It can accurately receive the backscattered Rayleigh signal transmitted through the fiber optic sensor 15, effectively capturing even slight changes in the light signal due to rope strain.

[0057] During operation, the light source continuously emits a 1550nm detection light signal to the fiber optic sensor 15, and the light signal is transmitted along the entire length of the fiber optic sensor 15. When the smart safety rope is subjected to force (such as when the worker is suspended or falls slightly), the rope body generates axial or radial strain. The fiber optic sensor 15 in the buffer layer 13 deforms with the rope body, and the phase and intensity of the light signal inside it change.

[0058] The photodetector collects the backscattered Rayleigh signal transmitted through the fiber optic sensor 15 in real time and converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is processed by the signal conditioning circuit (including filtering and amplification modules) built into the smart safety rope and then transmitted to the matching control terminal. The terminal calculates the strain value of each section of the rope using coherent optical time domain reflectometry (C-OTDR) and then inverts the real-time tension based on Hooke's law (formula: F=E•A•ε, where E is the elastic modulus of the rope core 12 (72 GPa), A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the rope core 12 (28.3 mm²), and ε is the axial strain). At the same time, the severity of rope damage (such as abnormal strain caused by local wear) is assessed by the degree and trend of the decrease in optical signal intensity.

[0059] When the real-time tension calculated by the terminal exceeds the set threshold (such as twice the rated load) or the damage exceeds 80%, an audible and visual warning signal is immediately sent to the operators and managers to prompt them to stop the operation and check the condition of the rope.

[0060] Example 3 like Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for achieving operational safety, which is implemented based on a safety monitoring system. The safety monitoring system includes the smart hook 2, the smart safety rope, and the control terminal as described above. The method for ensuring operational safety includes: During the use of the smart hook 2, when the movable buckle 3 is fully closed with the hook 2, the alarm 11 sounds and the control terminal sends a safety reminder to the staff. When the damage to the safety rope exceeds a set threshold, the control terminal issues a safety alert to the staff.

[0061] The security monitoring system in this embodiment adopts a three-tier architecture of "front-end device - edge transmission - control terminal", specifically including: The front-end device includes the aforementioned smart hook 2, and a smart safety rope that is detachably connected to the smart hook 2 via a stainless steel ring buckle; the smart safety rope adopts a layered structure of "rope core 12-buffer layer 13-outer braid layer 14". The core 12 is woven from high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, ensuring lightweight and high strength; the buffer layer 13 is made of EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer) foam material with a thickness controlled at 3-5mm, and has an embedded distributed optical fiber sensor 15 (the optical fiber sensor 15 is coated with a layer of polyurethane elastomer through a coating process, and after embedding, it is tightly bonded to the EPDM material by a hot pressing process); the outer braided layer 14 is made of aramid fiber and glass fiber mixed braid, and the surface is coated with a nano-level waterproof and anti-fouling coating; one end of the smart safety rope is equipped with a light source (1550nm narrow linewidth semiconductor laser source, output power 10mW, pulse width 10ns), and the other end is equipped with a photodetector (single photon level InGaAs avalanche photodiode, detection sensitivity not less than -60dBm), and the head of the light source end integrates an edge computing unit (hardware architecture is dual-core Cortex-A72+FPGA, storage module is 2GBLPDDR4+32MBMRAM, vibration-resistant design).

[0062] Both the smart hook 2 and the smart safety rope have built-in LoRa wireless transmission modules with a communication distance of no less than 1km and a transmission rate of 50kbps. They can upload the closing status data of the hook 2 and the strain and tension data of the safety rope to the control terminal in real time.

[0063] The control terminal uses an industrial-grade tablet computer with an IP65 protection rating and a built-in LoRa receiver module and 4G / 5G cloud communication module. It can display the status of hook 2 in real time (e.g., green icon "normal closure" / red icon "not closed alarm"), the real-time tension of the safety rope (in N) and the degree of damage (0-100%). It supports the storage of historical data (not less than 1 year) and export in Excel format, which is convenient for safety traceability and management.

[0064] The method for ensuring the safety of this operation includes the following steps: Before starting work, the staff turns on the control terminal and establishes a wireless connection with the smart hook 2 and the smart safety rope via the LoRa module. The connection takes no more than 3 seconds. The control terminal automatically sends a "calibration command". The piezoelectric sensor of the smart hook 2 performs a continuity self-check and outputs a "normal conduction" signal. The light source of the smart safety rope emits a calibration light signal. The edge computing unit sets the "initial reference value" based on the light signal intensity when there is no load. After initialization is completed, the control terminal displays "system ready" before work can begin.

[0065] The staff presses the movable buckle 3 of the smart hook 2, causing the movable buckle 3 to rotate and compress the reset elastic element 9, and then releases the movable buckle 3 after hooking the hook 2 to the fixed hanging point on site. If the movable buckle 3 and hook 2 are fully closed: the reset elastic element 9 pushes the movable buckle 3 to reset, the pressure sensing device 6 abuts against the pressure sensing position 7, the connection circuit is connected, the alarm 11 is in a non-alarm state (the LED light is off and the buzzer does not sound), the smart hook 2 sends a "closed normally" signal to the control terminal via LoRa, and the control terminal displays a green icon and the words "Hook 2 status: safe"; If the movable buckle 3 and hook 2 are not fully closed: the pressure-sensitive device 6 separates from the pressure-sensitive position 7, the connection circuit is broken, the alarm 11 immediately triggers an audible and visual alarm, and at the same time the intelligent hook 2 sends an "unclosed alarm" signal to the control terminal. The control terminal pops up a red pop-up window accompanied by vibration reminder until the staff adjusts the movable buckle 3 to be fully closed.

[0066] During operation, the light source of the smart safety rope continuously emits 1550nm detection light, and the light signal is transmitted along the fiber optic sensor 15; when the rope is subjected to force and strain occurs, the phase and intensity of the light signal change, and the backscattered Rayleigh signal is collected by the photodetector. The edge computing unit processes the acquired optical signals: it emits probe light with a pulse width of 10 ns using coherent optical time-domain reflectometry (C-OTDR), acquires backscattered Rayleigh signals, and calculates axial strain using a cross-correlation algorithm (formula: ε=(Δτ•C) / (2•neff•L), where Δτ is the time delay, C is the speed of light, neff is the effective refractive index of the fiber (1.468), and L is the length of the sensing section (5 cm)); it inverts the rope tension based on Hooke's law (formula: F=E•A•Σ(εi•wi), where E is the elastic modulus of rope core 12 (72 GPa), A is the cross-sectional area of ​​rope core 12 (28.3 mm²), and wi is the weighting coefficient); it extracts the load cycles in the strain history using the rainflow counting method, and calculates the single-cycle damage (formula: Di=(Δσim) / C, where m=8.2, C=2.3×10²³) and cumulative damage D=ΣDi) using the Miner criterion; If the cumulative damage D ≤ 80% (set threshold): the edge computing unit sends a "rope normal" signal to the control terminal, and the control terminal displays the real-time tension value and "damage degree: D%"; if the cumulative damage D > 80%: the edge computing unit immediately triggers "damage warning", sends an alarm signal to the control terminal, the control terminal pops up a "rope damage exceeds standard" pop-up window, and at the same time sends a text message reminder (including the location of the work point, the degree of damage, and a suggestion to stop the work) to the manager's mobile phone via the 4G / 5G module.

[0067] The control terminal stores the closing status data (timestamp-closed / not closed-alarm status) of the smart hook 2 and the real-time tension and cumulative damage data of the smart safety rope at a frequency of 1 time / second. The data format is standardized and can be exported via USB interface or cloud, which facilitates subsequent safety inspection, accident tracing and operation management.

[0068] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings. In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0069] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0070] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, these terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart hook comprising: A main body is provided with a hook and a movable buckle which is movably connected with the hook, characterized in that: The movable buckle is hingedly connected with the main body, one side wall of the movable buckle is provided with a pressure sensing device, the main body is provided with an abutting surface opposite to the pressure sensing device, the abutting surface is provided with a pressure sensing position, the main body is further provided with an alarm and a connecting circuit, the connecting circuit is connected between the pressure sensing position and the alarm; When the movable buckle is completely closed with the hook, the pressure sensing device abuts against the abutting surface and makes the connecting circuit conductive, the alarm is in a non-alarming state; when the movable buckle is not completely closed, the pressure sensing device is separated from the abutting surface and makes the connecting circuit disconnected, triggering the alarm to alarm.

2. The intelligent hook according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body is provided with a movable slot, the movable slot is located below the hook; The bottom of the movable slot is provided with a fixed shaft, the bottom of the movable buckle is hingedly connected with the fixed shaft; The abutting surface is arranged on the side wall of the movable slot, the abutting surface is provided with a pressure sensing position, the pressure sensing position corresponds to the pressure sensing device on the movable buckle.

3. The intelligent hook according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable buckle is provided with a push block, the push block is arranged on the side wall of the movable buckle away from the pressure sensing device; The push block is provided with a reset elastic member, one end of the reset elastic member is fixedly connected with the push block, and the opposite end is fixedly connected with the side wall of the movable slot; The reset elastic member is used to keep the movable buckle closed with the hook.

4. The intelligent hook according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed shaft is provided with a torsional spring, the torsional spring is used to keep the movable buckle closed with the hook.

5. The intelligent hook according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The pressure sensing device is a piezoelectric switch, the pressure sensing position is a piezoelectric coupling groove arranged on the abutting surface, the piezoelectric coupling groove corresponds to the piezoelectric switch, and the side wall of the movable buckle is provided with a micro piezoelectric sensing array; When the movable buckle is completely closed with the hook, a closed loop is formed between the micro piezoelectric sensing array, the piezoelectric coupling groove, the connecting circuit and the alarm, and the alarm is in a non-alarming state; When the movable buckle is not completely closed with the hook, an open circuit state is formed between the micro piezoelectric sensing array, the piezoelectric coupling groove, the connecting circuit and the alarm, and the alarm is in an alarming state; The main body is further provided with a wireless connection module, the wireless connection module is electrically connected with the connecting circuit, and the wireless connection module is used to transmit the connection state of the movable buckle and the hook to a control terminal.

6. The intelligent hook according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The abutting surface of the hook and the movable buckle is provided with a first magnetic member, the movable buckle is provided with a second magnetic member, and the polarities of the first magnetic member and the second magnetic member are opposite.

7. An intelligent safety rope, characterized in that: The smart hanger as claimed in any one of claims 1-6; The smart safety rope comprises a rope body, an optical fiber sensor arranged in the rope body, an optical source arranged at one end of the rope body, and an optical detector arranged at the opposite end of the rope body, the optical detector being configured to receive an optical signal passing through the optical fiber sensor. 8.The smart safety rope of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: The rope body comprises a rope core, a buffer layer, and an outer woven layer arranged in sequence from inside to outside, and the optical fiber sensor is arranged in the buffer layer, and a plurality of optical fiber sensors are arranged in the buffer layer along the circumference of the buffer layer. 9.The smart safety rope of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: The rope core is woven by high molecular weight polyethylene fibers; the buffer layer is made of EPDM foaming material, the surface of the optical fiber sensor is wrapped with polyurethane elastomer, and the buffer layer is tightly combined with the optical fiber sensor through a hot pressing forming process; the outer woven layer is mixed woven by aramid fibers and glass fibers, and the surface of the outer woven layer is coated with a nano-level waterproof and antifouling coating. The safety monitoring system comprises the smart hanger of any one of claims 1-6, the smart safety rope of any one of claims 7-9, and a control terminal.

10. A method for implementing safety in work, based on a safety monitoring system, characterized in that: The work safety implementation method comprises: During use of the smart hanger, when the movable buckle is completely closed with the hanger, the alarm is triggered and the control terminal sends a safety reminder to the worker; When the damage of the safety rope exceeds a set threshold, the control terminal sends a safety reminder to the worker. ​

Images